Causes Of Road Traffic Accidents Research Articles

Magnitude and determinants of road traffic accidents in Northern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the magnitude and determinants of road traffic accidents (RTAs) in Mekelle city, Northern Ethiopia.MethodsA cross-sectional study was done using a simple random sampling technique.SettingThe study...

State Policy in the Field of Ensuring Road Safety: One Step Forward, Two Steps Back

The article analyzes the trends in government activities to ensure road safety. It is noted that the majority of researchers as the main trend in this area highlights the regular tightening of responsibility for violations of the Rules of the road. The Author, partially agreeing with this conclusion, notes that the strengthening of responsibility in many cases is offset by the adoption of norms that repeal or substantially reduce previously established penalties. It is indicated that the increase in fines for offenses in the field of road safety was offset by the possibility of paying them in the amount of 50% of the amount imposed. The establishment of criminal liability for re-driving while intoxicated was compensated by the fact that the sanction for this crime specified a punishment in the form of compulsory labor, comparable in volume to the sanction for gross administrative offenses, and the fact that the courts in the vast majority of cases apply it is this type of punishment. It is concluded that the reduction in road accidents is possible by identifying the primary causes of road traffic accidents and the subsequent systematic tightening of liability for them.

ADAPTIVE DRIVER TRAINING WITH THE USE OF SIMULATOR SYSTEMS

The article looks at certain aspects of using automated information systems in the professional training of drivers at Hetman Petro Sahaidachnyi National Army Academy, Ukraine. The importance of integrating the theoretical and practical components of learning and the linkage between learning outcomes and safety on the roads are emphasized. The modern educational-training equipment for training drivers (simulators) includes information program components that can be customized to suit students’ individual characteristics and priorities for consideration in real road-traffic conditions. Assessment of students' knowledge and skills with simulators is carried out by analyzing their errors on typical routes that simulate problematic traffic situations. The main types of errors correspond to the common causes of road-traffic accidents, in relation to which statistics according to regions and periods are available, which, while training, gives a possibility to quickly respond to changes in the structure of accidents in the recent years in view of their causes. The automated information system is configured by a teacher in the way of correction of penalty points for every type of error. Upon reaching the critical amount of such points, the student is directed to retake the course, which makes it possible to provide the proper level of mastering the material before starting classes in the conditions of a real road situation. In future, increasing the share of the training time on the stimulator, it will be possible to take into account the students’ individual features of assimilating the material. This can be realized by introducing increased coefficients for repetitive errors into the penalty function. For this purpose a linear model of the total penalty score is proposed in the paper, which takes into account the specific and general errors, moreover, in the latter the base price of the error is related to the share of accidents with severe consequences. The multiplier of the individual weight of the error allows increasing its value in case this type of mistake occurred earlier and the student did not heed it.

Device for forced reduction of speed with the function of generating electricity

Problem. The danger posed by high-speed vehicles passing through crowded areas is extremely high. An analysis of the cause of accidents involving victims in Ukraine showed that speeding was the main cause for that in the city. Therefore, one of the main means of reducing the causes of road traffic accidents involving pedestrians is artificial road irregularities, also called «speed bumps». Goal. Development of a device for generating electricity and forcing reduction of the speed of vehicles at pedestrian crossings and other sections of the road where there is a need to reduce the speed of vehicles. Methodology. The analytical methods of research on the development and application of methods and devices for transforming the energy of the sun into electricity were used. Methods of experimental researches and mathematical methods of processing and modulation of the obtained results are used. Results. The result is the analysis of the technical solutions for the devices of forced reduction of the car speed. The design of the device of forced reduction of the car speed with the function of electricity generation is developed, as well as its schematic drawings and the schematic diagram, which are shown. The principle of operation of the developed device of forced reduction of car speed is revealed. One of the variants of the pedestrian crossing with additional lighting and laser signaling system is offered, which is equipped with devices of forced reduction of car speed with the function of electricity generation. Originality. The amount of electricity that the proposed device is able to generate is modulated (depending on the traffic intensity) from 60 kW to 400 kW. Practical value. The implementation of the proposed development into road construction will lead to the implementation of energy-efficient technologies in this field and will significantly improve road safety. Pedestrian crossings equipped with additional lighting and a laser signaling system to alert road users when using these devices will receive power from a decentralized, renewable power source.

The ability of young, middle-aged and older drivers to inhibit visual and auditory distraction in a driving simulator task

Driver distraction is one major cause of road traffic accidents. In order to avoid distraction-related accidents it is important to inhibit irrelevant stimuli and unnecessary responses to distractors and to focus on the driving task, especially when unpredictable critical events occur. Since inhibition is a cognitive function that develops until young adulthood and decreases with increasing age, young and older drivers should be more susceptible to distraction than middle-aged drivers. Using a driving simulation, the present study investigated effects of acoustic and visual distracting stimuli on responses to critical events (flashing up brake lights of a car ahead) in young, middle-aged, and older drivers. The task difficulty was varied in three conditions, in which distractors could either be ignored (perception-only), or required a simple response (detection) or a complex Go-/NoGo-response (discrimination). Response times and error rates to the critical event increased when a simultaneous reaction to the distractor was required. This distraction effect was most pronounced in the discrimination condition, in which the participants had to respond to some of the distracting stimuli and to inhibit responses to some other stimuli. Visual distractors had a stronger impact than acoustic ones. While middle-aged drivers managed distractor inhibition even in difficult tasks quite well (i.e., when responses to distracting stimuli had to be suppressed), response times of young and old drivers increased significantly, especially when distractor stimuli had to be ignored. The results demonstrate the high impact of distraction on driving performance in critical traffic situations and indicate a driving-related inhibition deficit in young and old drivers.

Identifying the causes of road traffic accidents in India: An empirical investigation

This study utilizes data for the period 2006–2015 to estimate the determinants of road fatality rates in the Indian states. We employ baseline regression, where the total traffic fatalities, total traffic injuries, rural road fatalities, and urban road fatalities are the functions of human errors in driving, weather conditions, and some control variables. This paper is exclusively focussed upon different sets of human‐driven factors in influencing the road fatality across the Indian states. Our empirical results show that reckless driving, defective motor conditions, bad weather, and reckless driving by bus, truck, and car drivers are found to cause road accidents. We further find that the increase in motorization rates and rash driving are the primary causes behind the road fatalities, and bad weather play a major role in causing road fatalities and injuries in urban areas. However, road fatalities are increasing; still, cases of under reporting, lack of proper road safety regulation, improper investigation procedures, increasing vehicle usages, and higher urbanization have made the matters quite worse in India.

Causes of head injury in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in 2015

Background: The study aimed to describe the causes of head injury (HI) in Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin Bandung with the considerations of gender, age and the severity of HI.Methods: This was a descriptive retrospective study. The study subjects were HI patients in Department of Neurosurgery of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in 2015. Consecutive sampling was used with minimum sample size of 97 patients. The variables of the study were patients’ characteristics, causes of head injury, and types of road traffic accidents in HI patients. The data were collected from medical records.Results: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) contributed to 70.3% mild HI, 77.2% moderate HI, and 100% severe HI and it was the highest cause of HI (73%). Two-wheelers motor vehicle contributed to 62.5% mild HI, 75% moderate HI, and 66.7 severe HI and it was the highest cause of RTAs (68%). Majority of the HI patients were male (57%). The highest number of HI was 18-45 years old.Conclusions: RTAs is the main mechanism of HI, while two-wheelers motor vehicle is the main cause of RTAs.

Recognition and interpretation of road signs by commercial drivers in Enugu Nigeria

Background: Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest road injury death rate of all regions in the world with Nigeria being one of the four countries accounting for half of all these deaths. Road, traffic signs or codes are salient ways of communication to road users geared towards reducing road traffic accident and studies that traffic violation are considered to be amongst the causes of road traffic accidents. Recognition, interpretation and observance of road signs could be of great importance in reducing the incidence of road accidents. This study was aimed at assessing the knowledge of road signs by commercial drivers in Enugu South-East Nigeria.Methods: This was a cross sectional descriptive study carried out in Enugu metropolis over a period of 3 months using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. Commercial drivers in Enugu participated in the study. Common road signs in their usual colors were showed to the drivers to test their ability to correctly identify the signs.Results: The mean age of the respondents was 42.4±9.6 years. Majority of the respondents, 59.4% are on intra-city transport route. Over 65% of the driver’s attained secondary education and beyond. Nearly a half (49.4%) of the drivers had poor knowledge of road signs. Drivers who have attained primary education and less (AOR=0.2, 95% CI: 0.1-0.3); who are on intra-city transport route (AOR=0.08, 95% CI: 0.05-0.1) or had less than 11 years driving experience (AOR=0.3, 95% CI: 0.1-0.5) were less likely to have good knowledge of road signs.Conclusions: Significant gaps still exist in knowledge of road signs among commercial drivers in Enugu, Nigeria.

Gaze entropy measures detect alcohol-induced driver impairment

Driving under the influence of alcohol is an ongoing cause of road traffic accidents. The biphasic nature of alcohol effects on subjective experience appears to contribute to the prevalence of drink-driving, as people perceive the declining phase of the BAC curve as recovery from intoxication and are more willing to drive despite significant impairments in objectively measured functions. The present study investigates whether alcohol-induced changes in gaze behaviour can be detected during engagement in a simulated driving task. In a repeated-measures and placebo-controlled design, this study examines the biphasic influence of moderate alcohol intake (0.6 g/kg) on measures of gaze behaviour and simulated driving performance. Twenty-two healthy young adults completed three driving sessions (baseline, ascending and descending) under two conditions (placebo, alcohol) while their eye movements were simultaneously recorded. The results revealed that gaze behaviour as measured by gaze transition entropy (GTE) and stationary gaze entropy (SGE) and driving performance measured by the standard deviation of lateral position (SDLP) of the vehicle, were significantly affected by alcohol across the ascending and descending sessions. The alcohol-induced reduction in GTE with an increase in SGE is discussed as alcohol’s impact on top-down modulation of gaze resulting in more dispersed and erratic pattern of visual scanning. The observed changes in gaze behaviour also mediated the influence of alcohol upon driving performance. These results have significant implications for the development of driver monitoring systems that can detect alcohol-induced impairment.

Excessive daytime sleepiness and alcohol consumption among commercial drivers.

Commercial drivers suffering from excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) have been identified as a major cause of road traffic accidents. Alcohol usage directly affects sleep, adversely affecting next-day alertness and performance. To examine the relationship between alcohol consumption and EDS among commercial truck drivers in Japan and the implications of this on public health. All participants in this cross-sectional study were commercial motor vehicle drivers from Tokyo and Niigata Prefecture. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire with details of their age, body mass index, alcohol consumption, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score and tobacco usage. Participants' oxygen desaturation index was determined by a pulse oximetry device that participants took home. A total of 1422 males registered with the Japan Trucking Association and aged 20-69 years participated. The multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (OR) of EDS among participants aged <43 years was 0.81 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.47-1.40) for light drinkers, 0.93 (95% CI 0.51-1.70) for moderate drinkers and 0.61 (95% CI 0.21-1.79) for heavy drinkers, compared to non-drinkers. The multivariate-adjusted OR among participants aged ≥43 years was 1.42 (95% CI 0.59-3.45) for light drinkers, 1.53 (95% CI 0.63-3.75) for moderate drinkers and 3.37 (95% CI 1.14-9.96) for heavy drinkers (P for interaction = 0.05). We found that the association between ESS and alcohol intake was more evident among those aged ≥43 years, who reported higher levels of EDS with increased alcohol consumption.

Impact of legislation to reduce the drink-drive limit on road traffic accidents and alcohol consumption in Scotland: a natural experiment study

Background It is widely recognised that drink driving is a leading cause of road traffic accidents (RTAs). There is evidence that changing the drink-drive limit from a blood alcohol concentration of 0.08 to 0.05 g/dl is effective in reducing RTAs. Scotland changed the blood alcohol concentration limit to 0.05 g/dl on 5 December 2014. Aims To assess whether or not the numbers and rates of RTAs and per capita alcohol consumption in Scotland were reduced because of the 2014 drink-drive legislation. To assess whether or not the 2014 change in legislation provided good value for money. Design A natural experimental, quantitative study. The control group was England and Wales, that is, the other countries in Great Britain, where the drink-drive legislation remained unchanged. Setting Great Britain. Participants The entire population of Scotland, England and Wales for the period of January 2013–December 2016. Intervention The change to drink-drive legislation in Scotland. Outcome measures The counts and rates of RTAs; and per capita alcohol consumption. Methods For the numbers and rates of RTAs (both traffic flow and population denominators were used), and separately for the intervention and control trial groups, negative binomial regression models were fitted to panel data sets to test for a change in outcome level after the new 2014 legislation was in place. To obtain a ‘difference-in-differences’ (DiD)-type measure of effect, an interaction term between the intervention group indicator and the binary covariate for indicating pre and post change in legislation (‘pseudo’-change for the control group) was assessed. For off- and on-trade per capita alcohol sales, and separately for the intervention and control trial group, seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average error models were fitted to the relevant time series. Results The change to drink-drive legislation was associated with a 2% relative decrease in RTAs in Scotland [relative risk (RR) 0.98, 95% CI 0.91 to 1.04; p = 0.53]. However, the pseudo-change in legislation was associated with a 5% decrease in RTAs in England and Wales (RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.90 to 1.00; p = 0.05). For RTA rates, with traffic flow as the denominator, the DiD-type estimate indicated a 7% increase in rates for Scotland relative to England and Wales (unadjusted RR 1.07, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.17; p = 0.1). The change to drink-drive legislation was associated with a 0.3% relative decrease in per capita off-trade sales (–0.3%, 95% CI –1.7% to 1.1%; p = 0.71) and a 0.7% decrease in per capita on-trade sales (–0.7%, 95% CI –0.8% to –0.5%; p &lt; 0.001). Conclusion The change to drink-drive legislation in Scotland in December 2014 did not have the expected effect of reducing RTAs in the country, and nor did it change alcohol drinking levels in Scotland. This main finding for RTAs was unexpected and the research has shown that a lack of enforcement is the most likely reason for legislation failure. Future work Investigations into how the public interpret and act on changes in drink-drive legislation would be welcome, as would research into whether or not previous change in drink-drive legislation effects on RTAs in other jurisdictions are associated with the level of enforcement that took place. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN38602189. Funding This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Public Health Research programme and will be published in full in Public Health Research; Vol. 7, No. 12. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.

Predicting intentions to comply with speed limits using a ‘decision tree’ applied to an extended version of the theory of planned behaviour

Speed is a major cause of road traffic accidents and deaths. Public authorities address this issue by reducing speed limits, for example by extending the 30 km/h speed limit throughout the urban area. This research is linked to the traffic-calming project in Angers (France). It is based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) and the prediction of young drivers’ intentions to comply with speed limits. We tested a modified version of the TPB that includes variables related to beliefs and other variables taken from the Self-Report Habit Index (SRHI). Participants (n = 391, Mean Age = 22.4, SD = 3.8) completed a questionnaire including measures of the TPB components related to intentions to comply with the 30 km/h speed limit. Bayesian analysis confirmed the relevance of this model, which explained 53% of the variance of behavioural intention. By projecting these results on a decision tree, we were able to identify the most influential variables for predicting intentions. The interest of this decision tree is that it makes it possible to compare self-reported intentions and expected outcomes. The study provides support for politicians, researchers and communications officers who are responsible for implementing speed limit measures.

Trends in road traffic accidents in Anambra State, South Eastern Nigeria: need for targeted sensitization on safe roads.

IntroductionRoad traffic accidents are leading cause of injuries and deaths globally. Low income economies are the most affected. Most causes of RTA are predictable and preventable. This study describes trends and causes of road traffic accidents in Anambra State, South Eastern Nigeria.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of road traffic accidents from 2010 to 2014. Data were obtained from the Federal Road Safety Commission, Anambra State Command. Information extracted included sex, age, cause of accidents, number of people and type of vehicles involved. Cases were recorded as fatal if any victim died, serious if any victim was hospitalized for more than 24 hours and minor if any victim was hospitalized for less than 24 hours. Causes of accidents were classified into human, mechanical, and climatic factors. Univariate analysis to generate frequencies and proportions was conducted using Microsoft Office Excel 2007.ResultsA total of 1,141 road traffic accidents consisting 271 fatalities, 652 serious and 218 minor cases were recorded in Anambra State from 2010-2014. Seven thousand, four hundred and forty-four persons involving 1,816 vehicles were involved in RTA that resulted in 448 deaths and 2,785 injuries. More deaths 348 (77%) and injuries 2009 (72%) occurred more in males than females. Major causes of road traffic accidents were loss of vehicle control 256 (17%) and speed violation 207 (14%). There was an increased number of persons involved in RTA in 2014 (1,842) compared with 2010 (299). In all, 3,233 casualties (deaths and injuries) and crashes (fatal, serious and minor) were recorded out of which 900 (27.8%) casualties and 294 (9.1%) crashes occurred in 2013.ConclusionLeading causes of road traffic accidents are human factors; speed violation, loss of vehicle control and dangerous driving which are sadly preventable. Sensitization and enforcement of safe road principles among commercial vehicles and car drivers will help curb this menace. Government at all levels should implement strong policies aimed at reducing the speed of vehicles on roads.

An unusual cause of road traffic accident with an unusual outcome in Saudi Arabia

An unusual cause of road traffic accident with an unusual outcome in Saudi Arabia

Improving the Safety of Urban Freight Deliveries by Organization of the Transportation Process Considering Driver’s State

Nowadays, the problem of ensuring traffic safety has become especially acute due to the growth of the number of enterprises engaged in goods transportation. The driver is the main and direct participant in the implementation of the transport process. The organization of the drivers work significantly influences the level of productivity, efficiency and safety of traffic. The reason for driver errors during long-term driving is fatigue that reduces performance and can form the direct cause of road traffic accidents or an unfavorable condition that complicates the driver’s actions in emergencies. This study assesses the driver’s state evolution when freight is being transported along a set route in a city. The driver’s state is assessed using an indicator of the regulatory systems activity based on the analysis of the driver’s cardiograms during the performance of particular elements of the transport process. The “Driver–Vehicle–Route–Environment” system is described using parameters such as: the driver’s age and driving experience, indicator value of the regulatory systems activity before the start of movement on the route, vehicle attributes, route length and driving time. The impact of each parameter on the driver’s state was evaluated that allowed the parameters of freight transportation technology to be determined, which are rational from the standpoint of reducing driver’s fatigue. The results obtained made it possible to determine a model of the driver’s state evolution during urban freight transportation. The research results can be used by forwarders and transport companies for route planning and scheduling with regard to human factors.

A Cross Sectional Study to Assess the Problematic Use of Mobile Phone among a selected population in an Urban Area

Increasing use of mobile phone users has been associated with increased physical and psychological addiction symptoms; it has also found to be a leading cause of road traffic accidents. This study used the PUMP (Problematic Use of Mobile Phone) questionnaire to assess the mean score of mobile phone use among the selected population. In this quantitative non-experimental descriptive cross sectional study, 100 samples were selected through non-probability convenient sampling and assessed using the PUMP questionnaire. Consent was taken and self administered structured questionnaire administered, which were answered under supervision of researcher. Tool had two sections with 10 questions of socio demographical variables and 20 questions related to substance use disorder for assessing tolerance, withdrawal, craving, social or interpersonal, physical and psychological criteria. The mean scoring on problematic use of mobile phones was found to be 53 percent; most of the symptoms of substance abuse were included in the PUMP questionnaire in which scores were more than 50 percent in symptoms except those of Withdrawal, Use in physically hazardous situations and Use despite social or interpersonal problems. The selected population showed significantly high scores on problematic use of mobile phones questionnaire. Most of the symptoms of substance abuse in the PUMP questionnaire had a scoring of over 50 percent indicating need for proactive action.

Evaluation of Road Traffic Accidents in Moyale Town, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

Road traffic accidents are the major but neglected public health challenges that worsen public health and development if effective steps are not taken to curb it. Therefore the aim of this study was to assess and describe the patterns and associated causes of road traffic accidents in the Case of Moyale, Oromia Regional State. A cross-sectional study was conducted during 0ctober and November 2016. The study sample was composed of 191respondents systematically selected from households and 20 interviewees purposively selected from drivers and government officials. The study employed a descriptive survey design by using self-administered questionnaires face-to-face interview and document analysis. The research was also conducted based on the archive of traffic police data between 2012 and 2016. Results indicated that road traffic accident is a serious problem in the town of Moyale. The numbers have been following an increasing trend throughout the study period and the rate of increase has been rising rapidly due to high population number and high traffic mixes. The number and density of road traffic accidents occurring on the main roads were very high with figure ranging 80-90% of the total. Mixed allocation of land use type, high volume of traffic flow, poor nature of the road, lack of road facilities, poor traffic management and low level of enforcement contribute to these problems. In the study, pedestrians and motor cyclists are the most affected road users. The risks are higher among males, particularly those who are economically active age group. All safety measures introduced to protect the road users are disregarded by the large proportion of stakeholders. The study recommends that Moyale town needs to adjust human behavior to the traffic stream and fixed facilities to contrive ways and means of better traffic accommodation.

Investigating Self-Reported Violations of the Drivers of Bandar Abbas City and Its Relation with Their Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Traffic Regulations

Objectives: Road traffic accidents are much higher than the global average in Iran. Since the main cause of road traffic accidents is attributed to driver's risky behaviors, the aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and violation of drivers toward traffic regulations in Bandar Abbas, Iran. Methods: The study was carried out among 562 drivers in Bandar Abbas using cluster sampling method. The data were collected through a valid and reliable researcher-made questionnaire that had four sections including items assessing the demographic, knowledge, attitude, and violation of drivers toward traffic regulations. Results: The mean score for drivers' knowledge, attitude, and violations were estimated to be 8.71 ± 2.5, 42.4 ± 7.6, and 56.7 ± 11.8, respectively. Drivers' knowledge and attitude levels were low; only 11.4% of men and 9% of women had good knowledge. The use of mobile phone (74.6%) and drunk driving (9.4%) were reported as the most frequent and the least frequent driving behaviors, respectively. There was a significant relationship between knowledge with attitude, knowledge with violations, and attitude with violations (P

A cross-sectional study to assess the problematic use of mobile phones among a selected population in an urban area

Background: Life without a mobile phone would seem next to impossible today, where it is used not only for the sole purpose of communication but also as a storehouse of important personal information, internet facilities, navigation, social networking, bank transactions, and many more such needs. The use of mobile phones has also found to be a leading cause of road traffic accidents. This study assesses the mean score of mobile phone use among the selected population using Problematic Use of Mobile Phone (PUMP) questionnaire. Objective: The main objective of the study was to assess the PUMP usage among the selected population in an urban area. Materials and Methods: Quantitative nonexperimental descriptive design was followed.A total of hundred participants were included in the study and assessed using PUMP questionnaire, on the criterias of substance use disorder namely- Tolerance, Withdrawal, Craving, Social or interpersonal and Physical and psychological problems. Results: The mean scoring on PUMPs was 53%. Scores of most of the symptoms of substance abuse were more than 50% except those of withdrawal, use in physically hazardous situations, and use despite social or interpersonal problems. Conclusion: The selected population shows significantly high scores on PUMPs. Furthermore, most of the symptoms of substance abuse in the PUMP questionnaire have a scoring of over 50%.

Pattern of Morbidity and Mortality due to Road Traffic Accident at College of Medical Sciences, Chitwan, Nepal

Background: Road traffic accident (RTA) which is recognized as a public health problem is one of the fastest growing epidemics in the South-East Asian Region. Every hour, 40 people in the region die as a result of collision. &#x0D; Objectives: To estimate the morbidity and mortality of RTA victims and also to assess the pattern of the RTAs at College of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Bharatpur, Chitwan. &#x0D; Methods: This was a cross-sectional study including 100 RTA victims who attended College of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Bharatpur during 2013. &#x0D; Results: Majority of RTA victims were male (76%) and in the age group between 20 and 39 years (48%). Maximum numbers of accidents occurred between 12 noon to 12 midnight (79%). More accident occurred on Friday (23%). Most of the RTAs occurred on motor bike (42.0%) and the most common nature of accident was through collision of the vehicle and fall/slide of moving vehicle (56.0%). Abrasion was the most common injury occurred during the RTA (91%). Almost two-thirds of the victims had laceration, nearly half had swelling and 26% had fractures. Four percentages of victims had fatality. Bad condition of road (37.0%) and speedy driving (23.0%) were the leading causes of RTA. There were 15.0% of victims who were under the influence of alcohol in RTA. &#x0D; Conclusion: There was high number of male victims with motorbike as the major contributor. Abrasion, laceration and fatality were found. Bad condition of road, speed driving and alcohol habit during driving were found to be the leading causes of RTA.