The advent of catheter ablation technology has changed the treatment strategy for atrial fibrillation, and the efficacy of catheter ablation is accurate with small surgical trauma. Catheter ablation treatment of atrial fibrillation is significantly better than pharmacologic therapy of anti-arrhythmia and rate control. However, the clinic data of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation show that the recurrence rate is high. The risk factors for recurrence after catheter ablation include age, sex, body mass index, related primary disease, left atrial volume, pulmonary vein volume, gene, atrial fibrillation types, surgery and so on. Regulation of the above factors is crucial in improving the clinical efficacy and prognosis of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation.