Cultural Categories Research Articles

Digital culture of the head of an educational institution: Methodological approaches to research

Introduction. The current contradictions between challenges of an intensively developing digital environment and the personal and professional values of the head of an educational institution, between theoretical knowledge of digitalization and its application in management practice require a detailed study of the phenomenon of ‘digital culture of the head of an educational institution’ and a methodological clarification of both the phenomenon itself and the structural components of digital culture, which influence the successfulness and efficiency of the headteacher in solving digital tasks. The aim of the article is to identify and clarify the methodological aspects of the phenomenon of ‘digital culture of the head of an educational institution’. Materials and Methods. The study is conducted through a logical analysis of scientific theories, system analysis and theoretical justification of the conclusions existing in science and practice about the application of methodological approaches to studying the category of digital culture of the head of an educational institution. The research methods of specification, modelling and formalization were used to substantiate the conceptual construct of the digital culture of the head of an educational institution. Results. The article explores the phenomenon of ‘digital culture of the head of an educational institution’, the significance of which is determined by the fact that it is represented as a new type of culture, which creates a new space of values and meanings, contributes to the emergence of other cultural practices and forms of human activities. The authors have identified methodological aspects of the phenomenon of ‘digital culture of the head of an educational institution’ based on the application of interrelated and complementary scientific approaches that provide a full and deep understanding of this phenomenon: system-activity, culturological, axiological, praxiological and setting incremental ones. According to the networking incremental approach, the authors justify the conceptual construct of the digital culture of the head of an educational institution, which includes the following elements: digital thinking, digital affiliation, digital adaptation, and digital experience. Conclusions. The article concludes that the considered methodological approaches are complementary, providing a wide range of methodological tools to study the phenomenon of ‘digital culture of the head of educational institution’. The combination of the approaches helps to deepen the understanding of different aspects of digital culture, their interconnection, and their influence on the behavior and activities of the head of an educational institution in the digital environment.

Analyzing Organization Culture’s Role on Digital Transformation During Pandemic Era: An Ethnographic Study

Public behavior toward shopping is changing due to limited mobility. E-commerce has changed consumer shopping behavior. The pandemic has accelerated the digital transformation process. From this, the company finally decided to carry out digital transformation and try to sell their product to e-commerce. The company uses digital marketing to market its brands effectively to the public during a pandemic. The application of digital transformation makes organizational culture an important thing that influences the success or failure of digital transformation. The culture in each company will make the strategy of each company different. Corporate culture has a role in measuring the company's success in implementing digital transformation to deal with the pandemic. Because of this, this study uses Hofstede's organizational culture theory and cultural dimension theory. Ethnography is the method in this research because researchers can focus on culture. In general, ethnography is for researchers who are outside the organization. However, in this study, researchers are part of an organization, so they have a more in-depth picture of the culture that occurs within it. From this study, the symbol in each category of organizational culture in the company has a unique meaning, which plays a role in digital transformation that will impact company performance. The combination of cultural dimensions is also a factor in the success of digital transformation in companies. Culture, organization, consumers, technology, and strategy are five things in digital transformation that affect company performance.

Adoption of Caste by Christian and Jewish Communities in India

Abstract This essay investigates how caste, the most problematic cultural category of India, renders Indian versions of two Abrahamic religions, Judaism and Christianity, a site of ambivalence and conflict. It explores how caste has played out differently in the lives of two Abrahamic religious communities, i.e., the Christians and the Jews at two different locales, Kerala and Andhra. In Kerala, both Syrian Christians and Cochin Jews adopted caste as the given social order of the host country. They practised it to their advantage as it not only made it possible for them to get integrated into the existing Hindu cultural universe of the host nation but also conferred upon them a respectable social status, resulting in the acquisition of social/cultural capital. However, in Andhra, Christian and Jewish Madigas embraced their respective religions to eschew caste and gain self-respect. In Kerala, while caste became an effective route for a harmonious integration into the cultural matrix of the host territory, it not only disrupted intra-communal amity both among the Cochin Jews and the Kerala Christians but also became a source of defiance and alienation from the core teachings of each of these religions, resulting in the loss of ‘spiritual capital’. On the contrary, the rejection of caste on the part of the Madiga Jews and Madiga Christians, perhaps, brought them closer to the central message of fraternity and equality found both in Judaism and in Christianity, whereby they fared better in ‘spiritual and religious capitals’ than their counterparts in Kerala.

THE HISTORY OF THE CHRONOTOPE RESEARCH

The article examines the concept of the chronotope and its significance in the field of philological research. It offers a historical perspective on the study of space-time, starting from ancient Greek scientists and extending to influential thinkers of our time. The interdisciplinary nature of the study of time and space is investigated by exploring the contributions of renowned philosophers (Zeno of Elea, R. Descartes, I. Kant), mathematicians (H. Poincaré, B. Russell), physicists (G. Galilei, A. Einstein), and geographers (Ptolemy, Eratosthenes) who considered these aspects prior to the introduction of the term by M. Bakhtin in philological discourse and O.Ukhtomskyi in the biological scientific field. Considerable contributions are noted from Western philologists such as T. Adorno, G.Prince, E. Said, J.-F. Lyotard, E. Auerbach, and J. Derrida, who studied the artistic chronotope as an aesthetic, philosophical, political, social, historical, and cultural category. The article emphasizes additional objects of investigation connected to artistic space-time, which have been explored by these scholars. They include aesthetic perception, textual community, simulacrum, and archival material. The article presents research and analysis conducted by Ukrainian literary experts, including I. Silvestrova, I. Kushnir, O. Horpynych, and N. Kopystianska, who focused on the peculiarities of time and space organization in Ukrainian postmodern literature. They emphasized the importance of depicting the chronotope through specific images, scenes, and dialogues to construct the inner world of the text. The main features of the artistic space-time highlighted in the works of these renowned scholars also include its utilization in various literary genres and cultural contexts.

East-West Cross-Cultural Collaboration and Research Impact

ABSTRACT This paper investigates how East-West cross-cultural collaboration affects team research impact. A dataset of international collaboration articles of Chinese scholars was constructed, and then the cultural background of each researcher was traced with a surname and culture category matching process and a manual search process. Empirical analysis using negative binomial regression reveals that East-West cross-cultural collaboration has a positive effect on research impact, and culture concentration in an East-West cross-cultural team affects the research impact positively. Knowledge diversity negatively moderates the relationship between East-West cross-cultural collaboration and research impact. The cross-cultural collaboration experiences of team members and the strength of ties between current East-West cultural collaborators positively moderate the relationship between East-West cross-cultural collaboration and team research impact. Suggestions for personal collaboration strategy and institutional research management policies are presented: scholars participating in an East-West cross-cultural team with high culture concentration can be helpful in achieving high-impact research. For institutions, promoting East-West cross-cultural collaboration will enrich scholars’ cross-cultural collaboration experience, which will support future cross-cultural collaboration.

‘Life is Individual’: Outline of a Cosmopolitan Civility and its Anthropology

ABSTRACT Cosmopolitanism concerns the relation between the most general and the most particular aspects of the human condition. On the one hand there is the human species, representing the universals of human life or ‘cosmos’. On the other hand, there is the human individual, embodying all that is unique in time and space: ‘polis’. To comprehend the human, according to cosmopolitanism is to see these polar realities always in relation. The human species is only and ever embodied in its individual exemplars; the human individual is to be known always by way of capabilities and liabilities that are species-wide. (Between individual and species there may exist a host of classificatory associations – societies, ethnicities, communities, nations, religions, classes – but these are symbolic constructs only, matters of rhetoric and imagination, epiphenomenal upon the concrete realities of individual and species.) What, then, is the cosmopolitan project of anthropology? I present an outline. Of key importance is validating human life as a form of movement towards the future and away from conventional cultural categories and collectivities. Futurity might be defined as an individual’s birthright: the right continually to author an identity. It is the cosmopolitan project to work out an accommodation between universal individual aspirations and local structures of hospitality and politeness.

Translating Culture-bound Terms in "The Season of Migration to the North", A Novel by Eltyab Saleh from Arabic to English

This research paper aims to investigate the strategies applied in translating cultural bound expression in "The Season of Immigration to the North" by the novelist Eltyab Saleh. The strategies used in this study are based on the models developed by Newmark (1988) and Baker (2018). The researcher adopted the descriptive quadrative method. Cultural bound expressions are classified into five cultural categories. The study reveals that there are (80) cultural bound expressions that fall under the following categories: 1) ecology, 2) material culture, 3) social culture, 4) organizations, customs, activities, procedures, concept and 5) gesture and habits. According to the study, the translator of the novel "The Season of Immigration to the North" employed the following seven strategies to translate the cultural terms: 1) applying a more general word (superordinate), 2) cultural substitution, 3) transference, 4) paraphrase using a related word, 5) translation by omission, 6) translation by naturalization, and finally literal translation. The most frequently used strategy is literal translation, followed by transference

CULTURAL COMPONENT IN THE SEMANTICS OF SET EXPRESSIONS

The article deals with a study at the intersection of cultural studies, linguoculturology and semantics. It is devoted to the analysis of the cultural background of stable expressions on the example of British linguoculture. An overview of values as cultural categories is offered. The concept of “values” is revealed. The types of values are detailed, their brief characteristics are offered. An attempt is made to analyze the values of the British people stored in the semantics of set expressions.

Self-harm behaviors and their intentions: a cross-cultural analysis

Background Self-harm behaviors (performed with either lethal and non-lethal intentions) are common, especially among individuals suffering from mood disorders, and the reasons individuals self-harm vary both by person and by the type of behavior. Understanding these variations may help clinicians determine levels of risk more accurately. Aims To understand whether culture and gender are associated with the likelihood of engaging in specific self-harm behaviors and whether the intention (lethal, ambivalent, non-lethal) of these behaviors vary with culture and gender. Methods 2826 individuals took part in an international multilingual online depression/suicidality screening study and reported at least one instance of self-harm in the past year. Participants were grouped into six broad cultural categories (Latin America, South Asia, Russian, Western English, Chinese, Arab). Results 3-way (culture x gender x intent) interactions were observed for several self-harm behaviors (overdosing, self-burning, asphyxiating, poisoning, and jumping from heights), suggesting that individuals engage in each of these behaviors with different intentions depending on gender and culture. Cultures and genders likewise differed in the likelihood of engaging in several self-harm behaviors. Conclusions Clinicians should consider culture and gender when assessing for suicide risk, as similar self-harming behaviors may reflect different intentions depending on an individual’s culture and gender.

Threads of memory: Reviving the ornament of a dead child at the Neolithic village of Ba`ja (Jordan).

In 2018, a well-constructed cist-type grave was discovered at Ba`ja, a Neolithic village (7,400-6,800 BCE) in Southern Jordan. Underneath multiple grave layers, an 8-year-old child was buried in a fetal position. Over 2,500 beads were found on the chest and neck, along with a double perforated stone pendant and a delicately engraved mother-of-pearl ring discovered among the concentration of beads. The first was found behind the neck, and the second on the chest. The meticulous documentation of the bead distribution indicated that the assemblage was a composite ornament that had gradually collapsed, partly due to the burying position. Our aim was to challenge time degradation and to reimagine the initial composition in order to best explore the significance of this symbolic category of material culture, not as mere group of beads, but as an ornamental creation with further aesthetic, artisanal and socioeconomic implications. The reconstruction results exceeded our expectations as it revealed an imposing multi-row necklace of complex structure and attractive design. Through multiple lines of evidence, we suggest that the necklace was created at Ba`ja, although significant parts of beads were made from exotic shells and stones, including fossil amber, an unprecedented material never attested before for this period. The retrieval of such an ornament from life and its attribution to a young dead child highlights the significant social status of this individual. Beyond the symbolic functions related to identity, the necklace is believed to have played a key role in performing the inhumation rituals, understood as a public event gathering families, relatives, and people from other villages. In this sense, the necklace is not seen as belonging completely to the realm of death but rather to the world of the living, materializing a collective memory and shared moments of emotions and social cohesion.

PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL FEATURES OF INTRODUCING PRESCHOOL CHILDREN TO LEGAL CULTURE

The article examines the psychological and pedagogical features of the formation of legal culture in preschool childhood, reveals the category of legal culture, characterises the features of legal education, the goals and objectives of this branch of educational work with preschoolers and the features of interaction with their parents, identifies areas of activity to improve the effectiveness of the formation of legal culture of subjects in the educational space of kindergarten and beyond.

Negotiating interpretive power: Interpretive practices in journalist-scientist interactions

This study critically examines the notion of interpretation and interpretive practices within journalist-scientist interactions in the news production process. The linguistic ethnographic work in this paper offers rare insights into an intense and lengthy collaboration between a newspaper, university, and government agency as they set up a citizen science project on air quality in Belgium. Our analysis focuses on how journalists and scientists interpret scientific results and how they actively reflect on that interpretation. Beeman and Peterson’s (2001) notion of interpretive practice is adopted as an analytical framework and operationalized by looking into how routine procedures, cultural categories, and social positions from the fields of journalism and science are adapted, negotiated or reflected on in the dataset. The findings show that the scientists go beyond providing data and expertise and are heavily engaged in the interpretive work within the news production process. The close-knit interaction between the scientists and journalists brings about a struggle over whose interpretation should be a part of the final news product and limits the interpretive power of the journalist.

Exploring Ethnography in The Muram Batu’s Anthology Hujan Kota Arang

This research explores the ethnographical values in the Muram Batu’s book Hujan Kota Arang. The ethnographical values refer to the human culture, faith, belief, and language depicted in the literature, such as a short story. The author used universal categories of culture proposed by Clyde Kluckhohn consists of language, knowledge systems, social organizations, living and technological equipment systems, livelihood systems, religion, and the arts.This research is library research, and the research design is descriptive qualitative research. The author used content analysis and descriptive analysis to analyze the ethnographical elements in each short story. The result shows the ethnographical features depicted are language, social organization, religion and the arts. The language is revealed in the story of coffee shop, analieoita and dugan ragi manis. The social organization revealed in the the nemui nyimah and a story of the coffee shop. The religion is depicted in in the anaileoita and the death of sipatitik. The arts depicted in the dugan ragi manis.

“You can be the kind of woman that you are”: the discursive management of intersecting identities in leadership talk

The present study investigates how culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD), and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (ATSI) women mobilize intersecting identities through speeches delivered during women in leadership forums. As more women aspire to positions of leadership, the discursive analysis of identity management for understanding how identities are made relevant is critical. Using a discursive psychological approach, this research examines intersectionality as a social action, as it is played out in practice rather than as a theoretical concept. Here it is being anchored to empirical data to explore how it operates in the broader context of leadership talk, in particular, how diverse women represent themselves as leaders and what key identities emerge. The analysis demonstrates that in accounting for how these women achieved leadership positions, the speakers used their multiple identities as strategic resources. These identities included the categories of race, culture, gender, and parenthood. The insights from this study are significant as they shed light on the persisting barriers for women in achieving equal opportunity.

Retaining the Readability of Cultural Words Translation: The Case of Indonesian Subtitles in Breadwinner Film

This study is a translation quality assessment of cultural words translation in the Breadwinner film. It is done firstly by categorizing the cultural words and translation procedures based on Peter Newmark’s theory. Then, to find out the readability level of cultural word translation, the study uses Nababan’s theory. The data is collected by watching the film, underlining the cultural words, and classifying and tabulating the selected data in the source and target text. The film has 12 data of cultural words, which are classified into ecology, material, social, and social-political organization cultural categories. It is also found that transference, naturalization, couplet, and synonymy are categorized based on the theory. In addition, it is found that 6 data are readable, 4 are less readable, and 2 are not readable. Therefore, retaining the readability and meaning of the original text is still needed to be increased to bridge to overcome the lack of meaning in the target language as great different cultures are found, and the readability of cultural words’ translation shows that the original word plays a crucial role.

Theory of “Cultural Memory” by J. Assmann and Reflection of Multiculturalism: Myth, Memory and Remembrance in Cultures of “Axial Age”

The paper discusses various aspects of the concept of “cultural memory” coined by Jan Assmann and related both to the problem of determining the categories of culture that became the first objects of philosophical reflection in the era of the Axial Age and to the issues of the modern crisis of the ideology of globalism and multiculturalism. Using the example of some categories of an archaic myth that have not lost their cultural and social relevance at present, the variability of the genesis of philosophy in various civilizations of the epoch of the “Axial Age” is demonstrated - both those in which it arises as an independent form of worldview and those where this process stops at the stage of a highly speculative myth. Special attention is paid to the cultural and social aspects of memory and recollection of the past as forms of spiritual “resistance” to external cultural influences and the preservation of religious and ethnic identity, which is equally relevant both during the genesis of philosophy and in modern post-industrial society during the crisis of globalist ideology and the philosophy of multiculturalism.

Reflection of Political and Social Development in the Religious Street Names of the City of Trnava and their Potential in Tourism

Aim. From the point of view of the period of creation and historical development, we consider the streets of the historical core of Trnava to be the most dynamic, and why we focused on street name changes in the period from 1900 to the present in the area of the historical core of the city. Methods. As part of the methodology the classification by urbanonym, with the help of which we included the names of streets and squares into individual categories. A classification was used that divides urbanonyms into socially motivated and socially non-motivated, which are further divided into several subcategories. Urbanonyms are further divided into domestic and foreign. This classification is the most up-to-date of those mentioned and includes a category of religious names. Results. The category of socially significant street names, are divided at a lower level into the categories of politics, art and culture, church, science, crafts and trade, historical names and institutions. The most numerous is the group of names in the art and culture category, which includes 70 domestic and 10 foreign names, which together represent 25.89% of the total number of streets in the city. There are 15 streets in the categories of politics, church and science (4.85% of all 309 streets). Conclusion. Currently, Trnava can be characterised as a modern, dynamic city with a great influence on its surroundings. The restrictive measures taken in connection with the coronavirus pandemic in 2020 greatly affected the tourism sector and meant permanent closure for many businesses.

По следам исследований. Часть I

This article is the first part of a critical review of the works from Vol. 18, no. 2 of the Lower Volga Archaeological Bulletin, dedicated to the Scythian-Sarmatian period and the coverage of the categories of material culture of this era. The issue was published in 2019 and was dedicated to the anniversary of Prof, Irina P. Zasetskaya.

Cultural Contents in MyEnglishStep Digital Learning Materials for Junior High School Students

The present research aimed to analyze the cultural contents available in digital learning materials for Junior High School Students called myenglishstep.com. The data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis under two frameworks, particularly the cultural categories framework by Chao (2011) and the framework of the cultural dimensions by Moran (2001). The results revealed 1.472 cultural contents, covering all five cultural categories: Source Culture, Target Culture, International Culture, Intercultural Interaction, and Universality across Cultures. Further, the cultural contents are also represented through Cultural Dimensions, namely Products Dimension, Practices Dimension, Perspectives Dimension, Communities Dimension, and Person Dimension. The cultural contents mainly appeared as much as 1160 times in the Universality across Cultures and were presented through products created and invented by the social communities approximately 623 times. These results, to some extent, show that material developers are aware of the importance of cultural content to cater to diversity in Indonesia.

The Application of Open Science Potentials in Research Processes: A Comprehensive Literature Review

Abstract The aim of this study was to conduct a comprehensive literature review of the dimensions of open science in research processes. A total of four databases and snowball searching were used for the comprehensive literature review during 2011–2020; then, we were able to find 98 studies based on the inclusion criteria. Also, we used thematic method to review the relevant studies and identified three categories of dimensions in the research process, namely (1) the publication and sharing category including open access, open data, transparency and reproducibility, citizen science, and crowd sourcing; (2) the infrastructure and cultural category including open infrastructure, open education, open tools, budget mechanism, open culture, and communication; and (3) governance and evaluation including policies, governance, and the ethical principles associated with open science. Open science emphasizes the efforts to open and make the scientific research process more inclusive so as to engage the inside and outside actors in the research process.