Activity Categories Research Articles

사용자 활동 패턴과 카테고리 유사성 기반 POI 추천

사용자 활동 패턴과 카테고리 유사성 기반 POI 추천

Infant vocal category exploration as a foundation for speech development.

Non-random exploration of infant speech-like vocalizations (e.g., squeals, growls, and vowel-like sounds or "vocants") is pivotal in speech development. This type of vocal exploration, often noticed when infants produce particular vocal types in clusters, serves two crucial purposes: it establishes a foundation for speech because speech requires formation of new vocal categories, and it serves as a basis for vocal signaling of wellness and interaction with caregivers. Despite the significance of clustering, existing research has largely relied on subjective descriptions and anecdotal observations regarding early vocal category formation. In this study, we aim to address this gap by presenting the first large-scale empirical evidence of vocal category exploration and clustering throughout the first year of life. We observed infant vocalizations longitudinally using all-day home recordings from 130 typically developing infants across the entire first year of life. To identify clustering patterns, we conducted Fisher's exact tests to compare the occurrence of squeals versus vocants, as well as growls versus vocants. We found that across the first year, infants demonstrated clear clustering patterns of squeals and growls, indicating that these categories were not randomly produced, but rather, it seemed, infants actively engaged in practice of these specific categories. The findings lend support to the concept of infants as manifesting active vocal exploration and category formation, a key foundation for vocal language.

Диаспоральная дипломатия как элемент политики «мягкой силы» России, практика города Москвы

The article studies phenomenon of diaspora diplomacy of Russia as an instrument of “soft power” on the example of the practice of the city of Moscow. Scientific and practical significance of the chosen issue lies in the comprehension of the influence of domestic approach of interaction with compatriots on the specifics and dynamics of the formation of an attractive image of the state. Scholarly novelty of the article lies in the fact that it is devoted to the case of diaspora diplomacy at the sub-state level, which has not been studied before. The authors study peculiarities of working with diasporas in Russia’s foreign policy; two fundamental categories of dialogue activities are analyzed: firstly, partnership cooperation with compatriots, and secondly, expatriate resettlement programs. Through the prism of theoretical and practical-political analysis, the article identifies main directions for intensifying work with the Russian diaspora at the federal and regional levels. Practical recommendations formulated by the authors, based on the positive experience of the city of Moscow, can be used to optimize approaches to cooperation with compatriots not only in Russia’s foreign policy, but also in other states or sub-state actors.

Association of physical activity and screen time with cardiovascular disease risk in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study

BackgroundAccording to the Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee Scientific Report, limited evidence is available on sedentary behaviors (screen time) and their joint associations with physical activity (steps) for cardiovascular health in adolescence. The objective of this study was to identify joint associations of screen time and physical activity categories with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors (blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c, cholesterol) in adolescence.MethodsThis study analyzed data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study, comprising a diverse sample of 4,718 U.S. adolescents aged 10–15 years between 2018 and 2021. Steps were measured by a Fitbit wearable device and levels were categorized as low (1,000–6,000), medium (> 6,000–12,000), and high (> 12,000) averaged daily step counts. Self-reported recreational screen time hours per day were classified as low (0–4), medium (> 4–8), and high (> 8) hours per day. CVD risk factors including blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c, and cholesterol (total and HDL) were measured.ResultsThe analytical sample averaged 6.6 h of screen time per day and 9,722 steps per day. In models including both screen time and steps, the high screen time category was associated with a 4.27 higher diastolic blood pressure percentile (95% CI 1.83–6.73) and lower HDL cholesterol (B= -2.85, 95% CI -4.77 to -0.94 mg/dL) compared to the low screen time category. Medium (B = 3.68, 95% CI 1.24–6.11) and low (B = 7.64, 95% CI 4.07–11.20) step categories were associated with higher diastolic blood pressure percentile compared to the high step category. The medium step category was associated with lower HDL cholesterol (B= -1.99, 95% CI -3.80 to -0.19 mg/dL) compared to the high step category. Findings were similar when screen time and step counts were analyzed as continuous variables; higher continuous step count was additionally associated with lower total cholesterol (mg/dL).ConclusionsCombinations of low screen time and high steps were generally associated with favorable cardiovascular health markers including lower diastolic blood pressure and higher HDL cholesterol, which can inform future adolescent health guidelines.

Antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of limpasu (Baccaurea lanceolata) pericarpium with the ultrasound assisted extraction method against Propionibacterium acne

Background: Acne, a prevalent skin condition, can arise from factors such as an unhealthy lifestyle, dietary habits, hormonal imbalances, and bacterial infections. Propionibacterium acnes is a notable bacterium responsible for acne. In South Borneo, the pericarpium of the limpasu plant (Baccaurea lanceolata) is traditionally used to treat acne. Objective: This study aims to scientifically validate the empirical antibacterial effects of limpasu pericarpium against Propionibacterium acnes, as reported by the communities in South Borneo. Methods: The ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method was utilized to extract compounds from limpasu pericarpium. The antibacterial activity of the limpasu pericarpium extract was evaluated using the disc diffusion method at concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% w/v. Clindamycin served as the positive control, and 1% DMSO was the negative control. Results: The lowest concentration (20%) fell within the strong activity category, producing a clear zone diameter of 18.76 mm. Higher concentrations (40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%) demonstrated more potent antibacterial effects, with inhibition zones of 23.23 mm, 26.06 mm, 26.93 mm, and 27.33 mm, respectively. Notably, 60% to 100% concentrations exhibited greater inhibitory effects than the positive control, clindamycin, which had an inhibition zone of 25.23 mm. Conclusion: The study confirms the antibacterial properties of limpasu pericarpium against Propionibacterium acnes, supporting the traditional claims of its efficacy by the South Borneo communities.

Exploring the influence of activity participation on the economic value of nature-based recreation in the Sierra Nevada

A more comprehensive understanding of how recreational values and forest visitation rates vary across different activities enables forest managers to tailor conservation and management strategies to align with preferences among visitors, ensuring more effective allocation of budgetary resources. However, current research often focuses on only a few recreational activities, resulting in limited insights for forest managers. This study aims to expand the nature-based activities considered so that management can better serve the broader public. We conduct a travel cost analysis using a large survey-based dataset to estimate the value of nature-based recreation in national forests in the Sierra Nevada region and assess how these values differ across main activities. We categorize recreational activities into five broad groups (Passive, Active, Camping, Winter, and Other) to offer a comprehensive view of recreational preferences. A truncated negative binomial regression accounting for endogenous stratification is used to analyze the relationship between the number of trips to the forests, travel cost, activity categories, and socio-demographic variables. Our results suggest a mean consumer surplus (CS) of $65 per visit per person to national forests in the Sierra Nevada. Aggregated over annual per person visits, the total CS is approximately $313.3 million per year. Our findings reveal variations in CS across activity groups, with winter activities (e.g., skiing, snowboarding) and active activities (e.g., hiking, fishing) attracting the highest number of visits, and the highest total CS. Our results provide valuable insights for national forest managers, facilitating the strategic allocation of limited resources to recreational activities that maximize societal welfare.

University Students, Social Media, and Purposeful Use

University students are frequent users of networked environments, such as social media, in their everyday lives. Although often associated with socialization and entertainment, their social media use is multifaceted, reaching across other life activities and contexts. This exploratory, qualitative study draws upon interviews with 25 university students in the United States, considering how they use social media across learning and professional contexts, and how they view their role in this setting. During the interviews, students participated in a card sort activity that presented them with 41 potential social media tasks they might engage in as well as two different ways of categorizing social media tasks.Findings showed that students use some social media tools, like Instagram, widely across contexts, while other tools are relegated to specialized use or contexts, largely driven by task. Instructors set the tone for using certain other tools, like X (formerly known as Twitter) or Diigo (a social bookmarking tool), whereas other tools are used to access resources but not to interact, like Pinterest and YouTube. Most students reported using social media to interact with others, but only within well-defined networks comprised of friends and classmates. Interactions with these individuals were focused on supporting friendship and accomplishing learning or extracurricular tasks, respectively. Beyond that, students reported a passive role on social media, consuming rather than producing content and leaving limited traces of their presence in the public sphere, with the exception of situations when students were leaders in extracurricular groups or using social media for their jobs. In those instances, the most common uses were related to posting event and promotional information. After engaging with the social media tasks and activity categories presented in the card sort, students offered two types of reflections. One group reflected on the limited nature of their personal social media use, whereas the other group indicated that there was a range of social media tasks and uses that they had not previously considered. The small group of students who did not offer any sort of post-activity reflection indicated that they had small networks with limited activities by design, and lacked interest in thinking further about them. These findings have implications for higher education institutions, where students might be offered learning, extracurricular, and career support opportunities to help them develop both awareness and skills related to common networked knowledge activities and corresponding digital skills.

Morphotectonic Analysis in the Sombe Lewara Sub-Watershed in the Region of Palu City and Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi Province

A study on the tectonic activity index (IAT) was conducted in the Sombe Lewara Sub-Watershed, encompassing the area of Palu City and Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi Province. The objective of this research was to determine the level of tectonic activity in the Sombe Lewara Sub-Watershed. The analysis employed in this study was morphotectonic analysis, utilizing parameters such as Hypsometric Integral (HI), Basin Shape (BS), Asymmetry Factor (AF), Stream Length-gradient Index (SL), Area Factor (AF), and Valley floor width-to-height ratio (Vf ratio). The tectonic activity index (IAT) value in the Sombe Lewara Sub-Watershed was 1.6, which classifies it within the high tectonic activity category. This high level of tectonic activity in the research area influences the landscape conditions and the types of rocks present. The predominant rock types in the study area are sedimentary rocks such as conglomerate deposits, sandstone, siltstone, and claystone. These rocks form the character of an expansive alluvial fan landscape that nearly covers the entire plain. One of the primary factors contributing to liquefaction in the Balaroa Region is that the area is composed of sand sediment deposits and granite boulders that constitute the alluvial fan.

Loneliness predicts decreased physical activity in widowed but not married or unmarried individuals.

Physical activity is associated with improved health and function in older adults, yet most older adults are sedentary. Loneliness is associated with decreased physical activity at the cross-section, but longitudinal studies are scarce. We examined longitudinal associations between loneliness and physical activity-and whether they were modified by marital status and network size (the number of children, relatives, and friends a person interacts with at least once a month). We analyzed data from 1,931 older adults without dementia at baseline from the Rush Memory and Aging Project with a mean follow-up of 4.8 years (mean age 79.6 ± 7.7, 74.9% women). Loneliness was assessed using the de Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale. Physical activity was assessed as the frequency with which participants engaged in five categories of activities (e.g., walking, gardening, calisthenics, bicycling, and swimming). Linear mixed effects models examined associations between baseline loneliness and change in physical activity over time after adjusting for demographics, depressive symptoms, global cognition, disability, network size, marital status, social support, and social and cognitive activities. We assessed for effect modification by marital status and network size. Associations between loneliness and physical activity differed by marital status. In widowed individuals, baseline loneliness was associated with a 0.06 h/week greater decrease in physical activity per year compared to those who were not lonely (p = 0.005, CI -0.1, 0.02)-which equaled a 150% decrease in physical activity per year. Loneliness did not predict a statistically significant decrease in physical activity in married or unmarried individuals. Loneliness is associated with decreased physical activity in widowed older adults and should be considered in the design of interventions to prevent or slow the decline in physical activity and promote healthy aging.

Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Active Learning dalam Meningkatkan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Biologi Siswa Kelas VIII

This research aims to determine the increase in student activity and learning outcomes through the application of the Active Learning learning model in biology lessons for class VIII students at SMP Negeri 12 Tasikmalaya. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (PTK). This research was conducted at SMP Negeri 12 Tasikmalaya. The population in this study were all class VIII students, while the sample used was 25 students. The instruments used in this research were observation sheets and test questions. Data collection techniques use observation and tests. The data analysis technique in this research is qualitative and quantitative data analysis. Qualitative data analysis is used to analyze data obtained from observations carried out in the first cycle and subsequent cycles, the data is collected and then concluded. Meanwhile, quantitative data analysis is used to process data in the form of numbers, both observation data and student learning outcomes (evaluation) data which are then processed into quantitative data in research. The results of this research show that, in cycle I, the student activity score was 2.5 in the quite active category and in cycle II it was 3.33 in the active category. For learning outcomes, the percentage of classical completeness in cycle I was 68% in the incomplete category and in cycle II it was 88% in the completed category. Thus it can be concluded that the application of the Active Learning learning model can improve the activities and learning outcomes of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 12 Tasikmalaya.

Peningkatan Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar Kognitif Biologi dengan Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe The Learning Cell

The lack of student participation in learning is caused by teachers not paying attention to students' psychological conditions, so that students experience difficulties in learning which has an impact on low motivation and student learning outcomes. The effectiveness of learning, learning motivation and learning outcomes need to be improved through a learning process using a cooperative model of The Learning Cell type, namely a concept that places more emphasis on raising questions which is the key to learning. The purpose of this research is to determine the increase in motivation and cognitive learning outcomes of students using the cooperative learning model type The Learning Cell. The type of research used is classroom action research which consists of two cycles, each cycle consisting of two meetings. This research measures the results of observations of the implementation of teacher and student activities, motivation and cognitive learning outcomes of students using observation sheets on the implementation of teacher and student activities, as well as questionnaires and evaluation tests. The results of the research show that the percentage of implementation of the results of observing teacher activities in cycle I was 82.57% which was included in the good category and cycle II increased with a percentage of 89.28% in the very good category, while the results of observing the implementation of student activities in cycle I was with a percentage of 60. % in the quite active category and increased in cycle II with a percentage of 85% in the very active category. Student motivation was obtained from the distribution of questionnaires in the first cycle which was in the good category at 80.60% and in the second cycle it increased to 82.56%, still in the good category. Student cognitive learning outcomes are obtained from evaluation tests that have been prepared and distributed to students at the end of each cycle, in cycle I it was 65%, so students were not yet said to be classically complete and continued in cycle II which experienced an increase of 87%, so student learning outcomes on the subject of interdependence in ecosystems, it is stated to be classically complete. Based on these results, it can be concluded that by implementing the cooperative learning model of The Learning Cell type, it can increase the motivation and cognitive learning outcomes of Biology students at SMP Negeri 2 Kayangan.

Physical activity alters the effect of genetic determinants of adiposity on hypertension among individuals of European ancestry in the UKB.

Hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is modulated by genetic variants. This study aimed to assess the effect of obesity genetic liability and physical activity on hypertension among European and African ancestry individuals within the UK Biobank (UKB). Participants were 230 115 individuals of European ancestry and 3239 individuals of African ancestry from UKB. Genetic liability for obesity were estimated using previously published data including genetic variants and effect sizes for body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR) and waist circumference (WC) using Plink software. The outcome was defined as stage 2 hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, or the use of anti-hypertensive medications). The association between obesity genetic liability and the outcome was assessed across categories of self-reported physical activity using logistic regression. Among European ancestry participants, there was up to a 1.2 greater odds of hypertension in individuals with high genetic liability and low physical activity compared to individuals with low genetic liability and high physical activity (p < 0.001). In individuals engaging in low levels of physical activity compared with moderate/high physical activity, the effect of BMI genetic liability on hypertension was greater (p interaction = 0.04). There was no evidence of an association between obesity genetic liability and hypertension in individuals of African ancestry in the whole sample or within separate physical activity groups (p > 0.05). This study suggests that higher physical activity levels are associated with lower odds of stage 2 hypertension among European ancestry individuals who carry high genetic liability for obesity. This cannot be inferred for individuals of African ancestry, possibly due to the low African ancestry sample size within the UKB.

Predictors of Remission or Combined Remission and Low Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients in Taiwan: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify predictors of remission or low disease activity (LDA) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and low-ultrasound inflammation. Methods: A total of 80 patients with RA who fulfilled the 1987 ACR criteria for RA with a disease activity score of 28 joints (DAS28) > 3.2 were recruited. Over 1 year of therapy, we conducted blood tests every 6 months to examine erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), neuraminidase 3 (Neu3), and α-2,3-sialyltrasnferse I (ST3Gal-1) levels in B cells and monocytes. Additionally, we evaluated physical function by using the Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI). Data on demographic and clinical parameters were collected, and musculoskeletal ultrasonography was performed twice a year on 12 specific joints to assess synovial changes. One year later, we compared all collected data and laboratory or ultrasound results between patients achieving remission or LDA and those who did not in order to determine the predictors. Results: Age, the presence or absence of rheumatoid factor, and the number of conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs used were not correlated with remission or LDA for DAS28 or Simplified Disease Activity Index formulas. However, male sex, low CRP levels, low ESR levels, and low HAQ-DI scores were associated with a higher likelihood of achieving remission or LDA for DAS28-ESR. Negative anticyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) and low HAQ-DI scores were predictors of remission or LDA for DAS28-MCP-1. Interestingly, having less than two comorbidities is a good predictor of a combined remission/low disease activity state for SDAI and DAS28-MCP-1. Furthermore, Neu3 and ST3Gal-1 levels and ST3Gal-1/Neu3 ratios in B cells and monocytes had no significant correlation with total ultrasound scores. Nevertheless, monocyte ST3Gal-1 and Neu3 correlated significantly with DAS28-ESR >5.1 and DAS-MCP-1 >4.8 (both categories belong to high disease activity), respectively (rho = 0.609 with p = 0.012, and rho = 0.727 with p = 0.011, respectively). Monocyte ST3Gal-1/Neu3 ratios connected with DAS28-ESR >5.1 and 3.3 < SDAI ≦ 11 (low disease activity), respectively (rho = 0.662 with p = 0.005, and rho = 0.342 with p = 0.048, respectively). Conclusions: In patients with RA in Taiwan, male sex, low CRP levels, low ESR levels, and low HAQ-DI scores are predictors of remission or LDA for DAS28-ESR, which differ from the predictors for DAS28-MCP-1. Moreover, monocyte ST3Gal-1, Neu3, and their ratios correlated with different disease activity categories of DAS28-ESR, DAS28-MCP-1, and SDAI scores.

Machine learning-based anomaly detection in Android network flows for ransomware identification

Ransomware continues to pose a significant challenge as it infiltrates networks and employs advanced techniques to encrypt data. To counteract such adversarial endeavors and mitigate any harm, prompt identification of ransomware operations is imperative. The primary objective of this research was to examine the viability of utilizing machine learning techniques for the identification of irregularities in network flows, specifically focusing on the identification of ransomware within Android ecosystems. The fundamental basis of this study was a comprehensive dataset comprising both benign and malicious instances of network traffic originating from several ransomware families. A neural network model was meticulously constructed and trained using a portion of the dataset, followed by thorough testing on novel data to assess its predictive performance. The model has exceptional performance across all classes, as seen by its high levels of accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 Score. Significantly, the model demonstrates a robust ability to extrapolate findings to several categories of ransomware and benign network activity, indicating its potential as a reliable solution for practical implementation. This study establishes the foundation for future endeavors aimed at enhancing the model, exploring real-time detection alternatives, and integrating with comprehensive security solutions. Keywords: Android Security; anomaly detection; cybersecurity; ransomware identification; machine learning

The Priority Goals and Underlying Impairments Contributing to Goal-Related Problems of People with Parkinson's Disease Receiving a Community-Based Rehabilitation Program.

Goal setting is a core rehabilitation practice in Parkinson's disease (PD). Targeting therapy towards specific goals leads to greater improvements in performance and psychosocial outcomes. Goal setting in PD is feasible, and although the nature of goals has been described in previous studies, the underlying impairments related to goals have not been described. Understanding the nature of goals ensures that interventions for people with PD are aligned with their needs and priorities. Understanding the underlying impairments highlights which symptoms have the biggest impact on daily life and is necessary for planning appropriate interventions to target them. To describe the nature of the goals of people with PD; the underlying impairments related to goals; and to compare differences between high and low priority goals. Deductive content analysis was used to map goal statements to the international classification of function (ICF) activity and participation category and to map therapist field notes detailing the primary underlying impairment to the ICF Body Functions category. These results were then compared across goal priority rankings. 88 goals of 22 people with PD were analysed. We found that people with PD set diverse goals across all chapters of the ICF Activity and Participation category, with "self-care" goals making up the highest proportion of goals. The primary underlying impairment related to the goals was predominantly related to impairments in "mental functions" under the Body Functions category. Regardless of goal priority, most goal-related underlying impairments were found to be in the "mental functions" category. The goals of this sample of community-dwelling people with PD highlight their diverse needs and priorities. These findings indicate that nonmotor symptoms, namely, executive dysfunction and amotivation most commonly impact the performance of and participation in activities of greatest importance to people with PD. This trial is registered with ACTRN12621001483842.

Business scholars’ time allocation under the lens of the self-managed approach of academic’s role and the outcome-focused perspective of university’s strategic management

PurposeThis article explores whether six broad categories of activities undertaken by Canadian business scholars’ academics: publications record, citations record, teaching load, administrative load, consulting activities, and knowledge spillovers transfer, are complementary, substitute, or independent, as well as the conditions under which complementarities, substitution and independence among these activities are likely to occur.Design/methodology/approachA multivariate probit model is estimated to take into account that business scholars have to consider simultaneously whether or not to undertake many different academic activities. Metrics from Google Scholar of scholars from 35 Canadian business schools, augmented by a survey data on factors explaining the productivity and impact performances of these faculty members, are used to explain the heterogeneities between the determinants of these activities.FindingsOverall, the results reveal that there are complementarities between publications and citations, publications and knowledge spillovers transfer, citations and consulting, and between consulting and knowledge spillovers transfer. The results also suggest that there are substitution effects between publications and teaching, publications and administrative load, citations and teaching load, and teaching load and administrative load. Moreover, results show that public and private funding, business schools’ reputation, scholar’s relational resources, and business school size are among the most influential variables on the scholar’s portfolio of activities.Originality/valueThis study considers simultaneously the scholar’s whole portfolio of activities. Moreover, the determinants considered in this study to explain scholars’ engagement in different activities reconcile two conflicting perspectives: (1) the traditional self-managed approach of academics, and (2) the outcomes-focused approach of university management.

Chemical and Organoleptic Characteristics of Beef Meatballs Added With Butterfly Pea Flower Powder (Clitoria ternatea L.)

Meatballs are one of the favorite foods in the world. Adding butterfly pea flower powder to meatball products can increase their functional value. This study aimed to determine the effect of the concentration of butterfly pea powder on the chemical and organoleptic characteristics of the meatballs. The research methodology included four treatments and three repetitions. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments, namely, T0 (control), T1 (0.75 g/300 g butterfly pea flower extract), T2 (1.5 g/300 g butterfly pea flower extract), and T3 (2.25 g/300 g of butterfly pea flower extract). This study shows the highest water content in the T3 formulation of 79.63% and the lowest in the T1 formulation of 63.36%. The highest fat content was in the T3 formulation of 17.11% and the lowest was in the T0 formulation of 16.28%. The highest protein content was in the T3 formulation of 15.25%, and the lowest protein content was in the T0 formulation of 14.66%. This study also showed the antioxidant activity with the intensity of the IC50 value in the moderate category in the T1 formulation of 117.29 mg/L. It showed the active category in the T3 formulation of 87.13 mg/L. The formulation of beef meatballs with the addition of butterfly pea flower powder did not significantly affect the value of protein content, fat content, and antioxidant activity contained therein. Differences in the formulation of beef meatballs with the addition of pea powder significantly affected the quality attributes of aroma, texture, taste, and color in the four treatments.

ANALISIS TINGKAT PARTISIPASI ANGGOTA KELOMPOK TANI DALAM PENERAPAN SISTEM TANAM JAJAR LEGOWO PADI SAWAH (oriza sativa L)

AbstractThe government has carried out an increase in rice production and productivity through the Agricultural Extension Agency (BPP) by implementing the Jajar Legowo planting program. To get good results, farmer participation is very necessary in its implementation. This research aims to: (1) Find out the level of farmer participation in implementing Jajar Legowo planting (2) Find out the obstacles in implementing Jajar Legowo planting. The sampling technique uses the proportional random sampling method using the Slovin formula. Data analysis in this research used scoring methods and structured interviews. The results of this research show that (1) The level of participation of farmer group members in implementing the Jajar Legowo planting system has 4 stages, namely: The level of participation in the planning stage is included in the active category with a percentage of 73.66%. The level of participation in the implementation stage is included in the active category with a percentage of 66. .58%, the utilization stage participation rate is included in the active category with a percentage of 71.54%, and the evaluation stage participation rate is included in the active category with a percentage of 69.42%. (2) The obstacles experienced by farmers in implementing jajar legowo planting include 4 aspects, namely: (1) Technical aspects (2) Capital (3) Internal farmers.Keywords: Farmer Group, Jajar Legowo, Participation, Paddy Field

ANALISIS KEAKTIFAN PESERTA DIDIK MADRASAH ALIYAH REJANG LEBONG MELALUI PENGAMATAN VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN PADA MATERI TEKANAN HIDROSTATIS DAN HUKUM PASCAL MENGGUNAKAN TRANSCRIPT BASED LESSON ANALYSES

This research was conducted to analyze student activities in Madrasah Aliyah Rejang Lebong. The data was then analyzed using the Transcript Based Lesson Analysis (TBLA) technique. This research carried out observations through learning videos which were documented on hydrostatic pressure and Pascal's law. The research method uses a mix method with an exploratory sequential approach where with this approach qualitative data is obtained first and then quantitative data can be obtained. The qualitative data that will be obtained will be in the form of conversation transcripts or conversational dialogue obtained using the TBLA technique. Then a more in-depth analysis of student activity can be carried out from the results of the student activity instrument obtained from the analysis of conversational dialogue which is adjusted to the category of student activity. The results of the research show that based on the student engagement instrument, the most prominent student activities are participating in carrying out their learning tasks, involved in problem solving and carrying out group discussions according to teacher instructions

Fabrication and simulation of a microvalve for molecular communication control on a chip

In recent years, microvalves have become increasingly significant in microfluidic structures. In microfluidic devices, these microvalves are crucial to controlling fluid flow. Due to their ability to precisely manipulate and adjust the fluid, these structures are more efficient in applications, particularly in medicine, drug delivery, protein analysis, microscale communication, and chemical processes. Utilizing a numerical model for the design and fabrication of a microvalve results in the development of a more optimized and efficient structure. Microvalves can be generally divided into active and passive categories. This research focuses on the design and fabrication of a pneumatic microvalve, which falls under the category of active microvalves. This structure has two distinct chambers that allow for microscale communication. The microvalve is constructed using two layers, where the upper layer controls the lower layer, which contains fluid flow through pneumatic pressure. The performance of the system was evaluated through experimental analysis. The microchannel passage remained obstructed when the flow rates were set to 0.2 ml/h and when maintaining a constant pump pressure of 15 psi. However, the fluid flow is connected even when the pressure is cut off. We believe this structure will impact diverse applications, including molecular communication.