Catamine AB Research Articles

Investigation of the Effect of Dispersion Medium Parameters on the Aggregative Stability of Selenium Nanoparticles Stabilized with Catamine AB.

This article presents the results of the synthesis of Se NPs stabilized by a quaternary ammonium compound-catamine AB. Se NPs were obtained by chemical reduction in an aqueous medium. In the first stage of this study, the method of synthesis of Se NPs was optimized by a multifactorial experiment. The radius of the obtained samples was studied by dynamic light scattering, and the electrokinetic potential was studied using acoustic and electroacoustic spectrometry. Subsequently, the samples were studied by transmission electron microscopy, and the analysis of the data showed that a bimodal distribution is observed in negatively charged particles, where one fraction is represented by spheres with a diameter of 45 nm, and the second by 1 to 10 nm. In turn, positive Se NPs have a diameter of about 70 nm. In the next stage, the influence of the active acidity of the medium on the stability of Se NPs was studied. An analysis of the obtained data showed that both sols of Se NPs exhibit aggregative stability in the pH range from 2 to 6, while an increase in pH to an alkaline medium is accompanied by a loss of particle stability. Next, we studied the effect of ionic strength on the aggregative stability of Se NPs sols. It was found that negatively charged ions have a significant effect on the particle size of the positive sol of Se NPs, while the particle size of the negative sol is affected by positively charged ions.

Pitting corrosion of AISI 420 stainless steel in detergent–disinfectant solutions based on Catamine AB. Inhibiting effect of sulfate ions

Pitting corrosion of AISI 420 stainless steel in detergent–disinfectant solutions based on Catamine AB. Inhibiting effect of sulfate ions

Влияние катамина АБ на комплексообразование скандия с пирокатехиновым фиолетовым

Regularities of the complex formation of scandium with catechol violet in the presence of the cationic surfactant catamine AB in aqueous solutions are considered. The optimum pH interval of scandium complexation with the reagent in systems with and without catamine AB has been determined. The absorption spectra of pyrocatechin vio- let and its complexes with scandium in the double system and in the catamin AB presence at different pH values and surfactant concentrations were taken. The ratio of metal ion and reagent in the forming complex in double and triple systems has been established by methods of saturation and isomolar series. Calibration graphs were constructed, molar light absorption coefficients were calculated, and conditional stability constants of scandium complexes with pyrocate- chin violet were determined by the Babko method.

Preparation of cyclic acetals and gem-dichlorocyclopropanes based on 1,2-dichloromethylbenzol

Using 2,2-dimethyl-4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane (sol-ketal) and 1,2-dichlomethylbenzene under the conditions of phase transfer catalysis, mono- and diesters containing cycloacetal fragments were synthesized. Also, with the help of dichloride, in the presence of benzene, mono- and diesters of allyl alcohol were obtained. Dichlorocyclopropanation of unsaturated ethers using chloroform, alkali and catamine AB catalyst made it possible to obtain compounds containing gem-dichlorocyclopropane fragments. O-alkylation of the sol-ketal with 1-[(alloxy)methyl]-2-(chloromethyl)benzene (mono-derivative of allyl alcohol) was used to synthesize an ether combining in its structure 1,3-dioxolane and gem-dichlorocyclopropane fragments simultaneously. The obtained substances were analyzed and confirmed by mass spectrometry («Chromatek-Kristall» instrument with Nist research database) and NMR spectroscopy («Bruker instrument»). It was found that among a number of compounds obtained, only 4-{[(2-{[(2,2-dichlorocyclopropyl) methoxy]methyl}-benzyl)oxy] methyl}-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane exhibits cytological activity against the cell lines HEK293, SH-SY5Y, MCF-7 and A549.

Synthesis of ethers containing 1,3-dioxolane and gem-dichlorocyclopropane fragments

Objectives.This study aimed to obtain ethers containing gem-dichlorocyclopropane and 1,3-dioxolane fragments and evaluate their cytotoxic properties against HEK293, SH-SY5Y, MCF-7, and A549 cell lines.Methods. The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the reaction masses were determined using mass spectrometry (using a Chromatek-Kristall 5000M device with the 2012 National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA database) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (using a Bruker AM-500 device with operating frequencies of 500 and 125 MHz).Results. Ethers containing gem-dichlorocyclopropane and 1,3-dioxolane fragments were synthesized in the presence of a catamine AB catalyst. The structures of the obtained substances were confirmed using gas-liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The cytotoxicity of the esters was studied against HEK293, SH-SY5Y, MCF-7, and A549 cell lines.Conclusions. Ethers containing gem-dichlorocyclopropane and 1,3-dioxolane fragments were obtained in quantitative yields; however, only 4-{[(2,2-dichloro-3-{[(2,2-dichlorocyclopropyl) methoxy]methyl}cyclopropyl)methoxy]methyl}-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane exhibited cytotoxic activity against HEK293, SH-SY5Y, MCF-7, and A549 cell lines.

Synthesis of alkyl-<i>gem</i>-dichlorocyclopropanes based on isoamylene fraction

Objectives. The study aims to analyze the dichlorocarbenation of the isoamylene fraction, which is a mixture of 2-methyl-butene-1 and 2-methyl-butene-2, in order to obtain the corresponding alkyl-gem-dichlorocyclopropanes in quantitative yield, and also to determine their structure.Methods. In order to determine the qualitative and quantitative composition of the reaction masses, the following analysis methods were used: gas-liquid chromatography (using the Crystal 2000 hardware complex), mass spectrometry (using a Chromatec-Crystal 5000M device with NIST 2012 database), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy (using a Bruker AM-500 device at operating frequencies of 500 and 125 MHz).Results. Alkyl-gem-dichlorocyclopropanes were synthesized from an isoamylene fraction in the presence of catamine AB as a catalyst. Alternatively, isomeric alkenyl-gem-dichlorocyclopropanes were obtained on the basis of isoprene, and by reduction, the corresponding alkyl-gemdichlorocyclopropanes were synthesized. The synthesized substances were analyzed by gasliquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, and NMR spectroscopy, as previously mentioned above.Conclusions. The results show that the dichlorocyclopropanation of the isoamylene fraction proceeds quantitatively with the formation of a mixture of 2-methyl-2-ethyl-1,1dichlorocyclopropane and 2,3,3-trimethyl-1,1-dichlorocyclopropane. Using isoprene, countersynthesis through successive dichlorocarbenation and hydrogenation was used to synthesize 2-methyl-2-ethyl-1,1-dichlorocyclopropane, one of the products of dichlorocarbenation of the isoamylene fraction.

ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ БИОЦИДНОЙ ОБРАБОТКИ КОЖИ СРЕДНЕВЕКОВЫХ КНИЖНЫХ ПЕРЕПЛЕТОВ МЕТОДОМ ДОДУБЛИВАНИЯ АЛЮМИНИЕВЫМ КОМПЛЕКСОМ, СТАБИЛИЗИРОВАННЫМ ТРИМЕТИЛОЛМЕЛЕМОМ

It was shown in the past that different re-tanning agents were used as a repellent to enhance the antifungal properties of the hydrothermal stability of the skins of ancient book covers, including the aluminum sulphate-stabilized complex aluminum salt (Al-ЭDA). Although the skin treatment with this re-tanning agent improves the properties of the skin, the collagen structure cannot be considered very safe, i.e., it was relatively low. An additional biocidal substance, catamine AB, was used to ensure the antifungal properties of the treated leather. That is why, a new aluminum complex material has been synthesized for the skin re-tanning of the covers. As a stabilizer of aluminum sulphate, trimethylmeleme was used, for the production of which the meleme material was taken and reacted with formaldehyde. The resulting trimethylolmeleme, having three methylol groups, can form a complex salt when it interacts with aluminum sulphate. The mentioned complex material was filtered and the water part was removed from the crystals formed from the purified liquid by evaporation. The resulting complex salt is soluble, and the crystals left on the filter are insoluble. Both were tested as re-tanning agent samples on the cover leather samples. Treatment with crystals separated from the filtered liquid completely increases the welding point of the skin treated with the tannin extract of ancient leather up to 1000C and more, and up to 75-770C during re-tanning with the complex salt removed from the filter. The research of antifungal properties of the complexes has identified an expressive activity of the difficulty of dissolving complex II in comparison to the compound used earlier. High hydrothermal stability gives strength, less elasticity and other high-performance properties to the leather

Solid Phase Spectrophotometric Determination of Cationic Surfactants Using Silica-Titania Xerogel–Pyrocatechol Violet Dye System

The influence of cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) on the interaction of triphenylmethane dyes (pyrocatechol violet, eriochrome cyanine R, and chrome azurol S) with silica-titania xerogels has been studied. For all the studied triphenylmethane dyes (TPMD) the formation of colored complexes of CPC and TPMD with titanium(IV) embedded in silica-titania xerogels has been observed using solid phase spectrophotometry. Maximal absorbance increase has been observed for pyrocatechol violet (PV) complexes. The procedure for CPC determination has been proposed using silica-titania xerogel – PV system (analytical range 0.01–0.56 mM, limit of detection 3.6 μM). The recovery test of the proposed solid phase spectrophotometric CPC determination procedure has been used for the procedure validation. The procedure has been applied for the determination of CPC in treated waste water, and cationic surfactants in terms of CPC in working solutions of disinfectants Alaminol and Catamine AB.

КОМПЛЕКСООБРАЗОВАНИЕ ЭРИОХРОМЦИАНИНА R С ИОНАМИ АЛЮМИНИЯ И ЖЕЛЕЗА (III) В ПРИСУТСТВИИ ПАВ

The effect of various types of surfactants on the complexation of aluminum and iron (III) ions with eriochromecyanine R have been studied. According to the light absorption spectra of the dye and complexes with metal ions without surfactants and in the presence of catamine AB, oxyphos B, and syntanol DS-10 at various pH and the concentration of surfactants determined the optimal conditions for complexation have been determined. Oxyphos B has a negative effect on the spectrophotometric characteristics of the complexes. Syntanol DS-10 has practically no effect. The presence of catamine AB causes a bathochromic shift in the maximum of light absorption of the complex, increases the contrast of the photometric reaction and the value of the extinction coefficient. The composition of the complexes in the absence and in the presence of catamine AB has been determined by saturation and isomolar series methods. The presence of catamine AB increases the molar ratio of metal: reagent in the complex from 1: 2 to 1: 3. By Babko's method, conditional stability constants of the complexes have been determined, calibration curves have been constructed, and molar light absorption coefficients have been calculated.

ВЛИЯНИЕ ПОВЕРХНОСТНО-АКТИВНЫХ ВЕЩЕСТВ НА СПЕКТРОФОТОМЕТРИЧЕСКИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ КОМПЛЕКСОВ СКАНДИЯ С ЭРИОХРОМЦИАНИНОМ R

The effect of various types of surfactants on the complexation of scandium ions with eriochromecyanine R. The optimal conditions were determined from the light absorption spectra of the dye and complexes with metal ions without surfactants and in the presence of catamine AB, oxyphos B and syntanol DS-10 at various pH values and surfactant concentrations complexation. The presence of catamine AB causes a bathochromic shift in the maximum of light absorption of the complex, increases the contrast of the photometric reaction and the value of the extinction coefficient. The composition of the complexes in the absence and in the presence of catamine AB was determined by saturation and iso- molar series methods. It also increases the molar ratio of Sc : eriochromecyanine R in the complex from 1:2 to 1:3. The conditional stability constants of the complexes were determined by Babko's method, calibration curves were constructed, and the coefficients of molar light absorption were calculated. Oxyphos B has a negative effect on the spectrophotometric characteristics of the complexes. Syntanol DS-10 has practically no effect.

PREVENTION OF BIOGENIC CORROSION OF MAIN PIPELINES

Background This article is devoted to the study and analysis of the main causes of the occurrence of biological corrosion processes at the objects of the oil industry complex, as well as to the study of the effectiveness of the use of new chemical reagents as bactericides and corrosion inhibitors. Aims and Objectives Investigation of the biocontamination of sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) of high-sulfur oils, as well as soil samples taken in the immediate vicinity of the pipeline break site and along its route. Results The results of evaluating the effectiveness of the use of the chemical reagent catamine AB for anticorrosion protection of oilfield equipment and pipelines are presented. It has been shown that catamine AB has a high bactericidal activity against both SRB and pseudomonads. It has been found that this reagent at a concentration of 100-150 mg/dm3 effectively suppresses corrosion processes, providing high protection of metals from destruction. The use of this reagent to protect metal structures from biological corrosion processes will significantly reduce the number of accidents, increase reliability and increase the uptime of technological equipment and main pipelines.

Phase Equlibria and Extraction of Metal Ions in Systems Based on Mixtures of Alkylbenzyldimethylammonium Chloride and Oxyethylated Nonylphenols

The salting-out ability of sodium sulfate, chloride, and nitrate with respect to mixtures of alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride (catamine AB) and ethoxylated nonylphenol (neonol AF 9-12) from aqueous solutions and extraction of metal ions with a 3 : 1 mixture of catamine AB and neonol AF 9-12 in the presence of the sodium nitrate used as salting-out agent were studied. The salting-out and extracting properties of surfactant mixtures are determined by the component that is present in a larger amount.

Очистка тяжелых жидкостей глушения на основе солей кальция от нефти экстракцией поверхностно-активными веществами

Phase equilibrium in the [50% calcium nitrate + 50% calcium chloride] – alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride (catamine AB) – water pseudo-ternary system has been investigated at 25°C. The concentration boundaries of stratification region and conditions for oil extraction from heavy killing fluids based on calcium nitrate and calcium chloride have been determined. The influence of the catamine AB concentration in a stratified system and the oil concentration in a heavy killing fluid on its extraction ratio has been determined. It was found that the maximum oil extraction ratio is 85% with the catamine AB content in the stratified mixture of 9.1 %

Концентрирование органических реагентов и их комплексов с ионами металлов в системах на основе смесей анионных и катионных ПАВ

The work investigates the distribution patterns of organic complexing reagents in the potassium bis (alkylpolyoxyethylene)phosphate (oxyphos B) – alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride (catamine AB) –water and oxyphos B – tertiary oxyethylated amine of coconut oil acids (ethomeen C / 15) – water systems, and also proposed a method for the extraction-spectrophotometric determination of thorium with arsenazo III. The composition of resulting complex compound and its stability have been determined.

Solubility and Extraction of Metal Ions in the Potassium Bis(Alkylpolyoxyethylene)phosphate (or Alkylbenzyldimethylammonium Chloride)—Potassium (or Ammonium) Thiocyanate—Water Systems at 25°C

The solubility in the pseudo-ternary aqueous systems based on potassium bis(alkylpolyoxyethylene)phosphate (oxyphos B) or alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride (catamine AB) and potassium or ammonium thiocyanates used as salting-out agents is studied by the isothermal cross-section method. It is found that thiocyanates exhibit a high salting-out capacity with respect to catamine AB and have much lower salting-out properties with respect to oxyphos B. The regularities of extraction of iron(III), copper(II), cobalt(II), zinc and cadmium ions in the potassium thiocyanate-catamine AB-water system in the presence of sulfuric acid are studied. It is demonstrated that these metals can be concentrated groupwise via the anionexchange mechanism when sulfuric acid content in the system is > 0.75 mol/L.

Phase and Extraction Equilibria in Water–Alkylbenzyldimethylammonium Chloride–Nitric Acid/Nitrate Systems

Phase equilibria in the water–alkyldimethylammonium chloride (catamine AB)–nitric acid/nitrate biphasic systems were studied. The effect of salting-out agents on the phase separation in the systems was considered. The possibility of using the water–catamine AB–NH4NO3 system for liquid extraction was shown using the extraction of metal chloride acidocomplexes from HCl or H2SO4 solutions in this system as an example.

Solubility and Extraction of Metal Ions in Inorganic Acid–Alkylbenzyldimethylammonium Chloride–Water Systems

Solubility in systems containing cationic surfactant—alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride (catamine AB), inorganic acid, and water is studied. It is shown that nitric and perchloric acids, the anions of which have low energies of hydration, have the greatest salting-out ability. The optimum parameters of extraction in a HNO3–catamine AB–water system are determined and the potential of its use for the concentration of thallium(III) is demonstrated.

ВЛИЯНИЕ ПАВ РАЗЛИЧНОЙ ПРИРОДЫ НА СПЕКТРОФОТОМЕТРИЧЕСКИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ КОМПЛЕКСА СКАНДИЯ С КСИЛЕНОЛОВЫМ ОРАНЖЕВЫМ

At various pH values, the effects of surfactants of different types have been studied: catamine AB, oxy-phos B, synthanol ALM-10 on the spectrophotometric characteristics of scandium with xylenol orange (XO). For complexation of scandium with XO, the optimum pH range is 1.56–2.44, the introduction of catamine AB under these conditions does not significantly affect the spectrophotometric characteris-tics of the complexes. The bathochromic shift from 508 to 637 nm and an increase in the intensity of light absorption by almost three times in the XO – Sc system — katamine AB occurs at a pH of 6.15 in the presence of 5.2 ·10–4 M concentration of katamine AB, however, the stability of the complexes up-on standing does not exceeds 30 minutes. Saturation and isomolar series at pH 1.56 determined the composition of Sc complexes with xylenol orange. In the absence of surfactant, the Sc: XO compound of 2:1 is first formed, and with an excess of reagent it goes into a 1:1 complex, in the presence of katamin AB, a 1:1 complex is formed, and with an excess of reagent 1:2. Oxyphos B and synthanol ALM-10 practically do not affect the process of complexation of scandium with XO.

Dichlorocarbenation of conjugated diene hydrocarbons

Partial and complete dichlorocarbenation of conjugated diene hydrocarbons in the presence of the phase-transfer catalyst catamine AB has been studied. It has been shown that at the initial stages of the process (conversion of the reactant olefins below 30%), alkenyl-gem-dichlorocyclopropanes are the main products. In the case of complete carbenation, corresponding bicyclic structures are formed. The structures of the resulting stereoisomers have been described in detail using 1H and 13С NMR methods. The relative reactivity of the initial dienes has been determined using a method of competitive kinetics.

Protection of low-carbon steel from corrosion in hydrochloric acid by 4-substituted 1,2,4-triazole

A new corrosion inhibitor of low-carbon steel in hydrochloric acid solutions, IFKhAN-96, which is a derivative of 4-substituted 1,2,4-triazole and is more efficient than the known industrial inhibitor catamine AB, has been developed. Based on data of weight loss studies, IFKhAN-96 can be used for protection of low-carbon steels in hydrochloric acid solutions with wide ranges of concentration (1.0–6.0 M) and temperature (25–95°C). XPE spectroscopy showed that the high protective action of the IFKhAN-96 inhibitor against corrosion of steel is a consequence of the formation of the protective layer on the metal surface, which consists of a mixture of iron(II) chloride and oxide with a thickness of 4–7 nm. The adsorbed monolayer of IFKhAN-96 inhibitor is located above it.