Catalytic Degradation Mechanism Research Articles

Constructing boron and oxygen dual coordination in g-C3N4 for robust catalytic ozonation and iopamidol degradation

In this study, a series of boron (B) and oxygen (O) dual doped g-C3N4 (BOCNx) composites with different boric acid dopant dosages were successfully synthesized through one-step thermal condensation method. Amongst, BOCN50 exhibited the best catalytic ozonation activity, achieving 97 % of iopamidol (IPM) degradation within 15 min and the highest k value (0.3166 min−1), which was 8 times higher than that of ozonation alone. Multiple characteristic techniques were used to explore the surface properties of BOCNx catalysts and it was found that B and O primarily coordinated in g-C3N4 as the forms of C-O, C = O and B-N bonds. Further investigation in the structure–activity relationship of BOCNx catalyst indicated that the increasing contents of oxygen-containing functional groups and B-N bonds were linearly correlated with the IPM degradation rate. The results of scavenger experiments and ESR analysis demonstrated that the main reactive oxygen species involved were hydroxyl radicals, superoxide radicals, and singlet oxygen (•OH, •O2− and 1O2). Additionally, up to 12 intermediate products of IPM during the reaction were detected, and the corresponding degradation pathways were elucidated. Finally, the structure of BOCN and the active sites for O3 adsorption were determined by density functional theory (DFT) calculation, thus providing theoretical support for studying the mechanism of catalytic ozonation degradation.

In vitro spectroscopic analysis of the chemical interaction between calcium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine.

This study aimed to identify the chemical composition resulting from the chemical interaction between calcium hypochlorite [Ca(OCl)2] and chlorhexidine (CHX) using different 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (NMR), correlated two-dimensional spectroscopy (2D COSY), heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) experiments. The 5.25% Ca(OCl)2 was mixed with 2% CHX in a 1:1 ratio, obtaining an orange-brown precipitate that was filtered, washed in ultrapure water, dried and characterized by 1H and 13C NMR, 2D COSY, HSQC and FTIR. One-dimensional and two-dimensional NMR spectra demonstrated the chemical changes around the protons and carbon atoms of the initial CHX and after reacted with Ca(OCl)2. These techniques and FTIR show that the interaction generated two by-products from the degradation of CHX, none of which were parachloroaniline (PCA) despite both products obtained being substituted benzene compounds. Using NMR and FTIR data together with a previously proposed catalytic cleavage degradation mechanism for CHX, the products appear to be parachlorophenylurea (PCU) and parachlorophenylguanidyl-1,6-diguanidyl-hexane (PCGH). Therefore, this in vitro study demonstrated that the precipitate formed from the chemical interaction between Ca(OCl)₂ and CHX results in two by-products, PCU and PCGH, neither of which is PCA. Due to the absence of cytotoxicity studies on the products generated from the combination of Ca(OCl)₂ and CHX, an intermediate rinse with an inert solution is recommended to remove these compounds from the root canals.

Engineered biochar for advanced oxidation process towards tetracycline degradation: Role of iron and graphitic structure

The excessive accumulation of tetracycline (TC) presents significant challenges to both human health and the ecological environment. This study explores the impact of Fe-loaded sawdust graphitic carbon (engineered biochar) on TC degradation in water, utilizing an advanced oxidation process facilitated by H2O2 activation. The investigation encompasses an examination of the structural characteristics of Fe-loaded sawdust graphitic carbon and an in-depth analysis of its catalytic degradation mechanism concerning TC. Density functional theory (DFT) was utilized to construct an adsorptive degradation system for TC in water, thereby scrutinizing the optimal treatment process for TC. The findings highlight that Fe-loaded biochar exhibits not only a substantial pore structure but also inherent defects and a graphitic structure. The porous configuration enhances the TC adsorption capacity of the biochar system, while the graphitic structure bolsters the stability of the carbon framework, ensuring efficient charge transfer via the carbon defects. The activation effect of Fe(III) on H2O2 into ·O2- is dependent on its specific location within the carbon structure. In the presence of 5 mmol H2O2, Fe-loaded biochar achieves a nearly 100 % degradation rate of TC, with its degradation proficiency minimally influenced by varying pH conditions.

Hydrogen bond-induced supramolecular self-assembly strategy to fabricate ultra-dispersed Cu-loaded porous tubular graphitic carbon nitride with rich nitrogen vacancies and CuNx sites for efficient photo-Fenton catalysis

The low utilization of visible light and easy recombination of charge carriers of graphitic carbon nitride (CN) restrain its application as photo-electron donor and metal site support in photo-Fenton system. Herein, a hydrogen bond-induced supramolecular self-assembly strategy was created to fabricate an ultra-dispersed Cu-loaded porous tubular CN composite (CA-Cu/TCN) by the hydrothermal–pyrolysis method with citric acid (CA) as initiator and chelating agent. CA-Cu/TCN with rich nitrogen vacancies (NVs) and abundant ultra-dispersed CuNx sites exhibited narrow bandgap, favorable visible light absorption capability, and high separation and transfer efficiency of charge carriers. CA-Cu/TCN effectively catalyzed the activation of H2O2 for generating abundant reactive oxygen species under visible light irradiation, contributing to efficient degradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP) with removal rate of 95.9 % and kinetic rate constant of 0.0948 min−1. The superior catalytic activity of CA-Cu/TCN can be ascribed to the effective transport of photogenerated electrons, high specific surface area, atomically dispersed Cu species, and enriched surface NVs. The mechanism of photo-Fenton catalytic degradation of CIP and possible degradation pathways were proposed as the dominant role of 1O2. Toxicity evaluation of CIP and intermediates indicated that the degradation of CIP was a gradual detoxification process. This work offers a novel self-assembly strategy to design and synthesize highly active and sustainable visible light-driven photo-Fenton catalysts for effectively degrading organic pollutants.

Generation of oxygen vacancies in CuO/TiO2 heterojunction induced by diatomite for highly efficient UV–Vis-IR driven photothermal catalytic oxidation of HCHO

Photothermal catalytic oxidation is a promising and sustainable method for the degradation of indoor formaldehyde (HCHO). However, the excessively high surface temperature of existing photothermal catalysts during catalysis hinders the effective adsorption and degradation of formaldehyde under static conditions. Catalyst loading and oxygen vacancies (OVs) modulation are commonly employed strategies to reduce the photothermal catalytic temperature and enhance the efficiency of photothermal catalytic oxidation. In this work, a p-n type CuO/TiO2 heterojunction is successfully loaded onto diatomite using a wet precipitation method. Under the irradiation of a 300W xenon lamp, the prepared composite material achieved a 100% removal rate of HCHO within 2 h, with a 98% conversion rate to CO2, surpassing the performance of both individual photocatalysts and thermocatalysts. Additionally, by adjusting conditions such as light irradiation and temperature, we have demonstrated that this material exhibits synergistic photothermal catalytic properties. Based on HRTEM, XPS, Raman, and EPR analyses, the introduction of diatomite as a catalyst support was shown to effectively increase the number of OVs. Experimental results, along with O2-TPD, photoelectrochemical characterization, and radical detection, demonstrate that the presence of OVs enhances the oxidative efficiency of both photocatalysis and thermocatalysis, as well as the UV–Vis-IR photothermal catalytic performance. The ternary composite material generates weak hydroxyl (•OH) and superoxide (•O2−) radical under high-temperature with dark conditions, indicating its catalytic oxidation activity under this condition. The increase in temperature and the expansion of the spectral range both enhance the generation of these radicals. In summary, this work demonstrates that the use of diatomite as a support increases the material's specific surface area and OVs content, thereby enhancing adsorption and photothermal catalysis. It elucidates the enhanced catalytic degradation mechanism of this mineral-based photothermal catalyst.

A novel kind of hollow SiO2@g-C3N4@TiO2 microspheres for rapid removal of dyes and antibiotics in water under sunlight

In this paper, using PVP-modified polystyrene microspheres as template, tetrabutyl titanate (TEOT), tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and melamine as precursor, we developed a facile one-pot two-step method to preparing a novel kind of mesoporous hollow SiO2@TiO2@g-C3N4 ternary composite microspheres with plush surface, in which highly active black titanium dioxide (TiO2) was formed by simple calcination without further chemical reduction treatment. The structure and morphology of the composite microspheres were detailed characterized for understanding the formation mechanism. Research results indicated that the hollow SiO2 microspheres can promote the formation of oxygen vacancies in TiO2, and the ternary combination narrowed the bandgap width of the black hollow composite microspheres to 1.43 eV, thus endowing it with excellent broad-spectrum catalytic performance for rapid photo-degradation of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as dyes and antibiotics in water under sunlight. The removal rates of dyes reached more than 70 %, as well as that of antibiotics more than 50 % within one hour. Finally, a plausible catalytic degradation mechanism was discussed.

Comparison of Fenton-like catalytic activity of biochar by in-situ and ex-situ nitrogen doping: Role of carbon quantum dots

Nitrogen-doped biochar as Fenton-like catalysts has been widely used to remove emerging pollutants in wastewater. However, the effect of in-situ and ex-situ nitrogen doping on the Fenton-like catalytic activity of biochar is unclear. In this study, the nitrogen-doped biochar was prepared by in-situ (NBC) and ex-situ (BC–N) nitrogen doping, and the Fenton-like catalytic activity of NBC and BC-N was compared for activating hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), peroxydisulfate (PDS) and peroxymonosulfate (PMS). The results showed that NBC had higher Fenton-like catalytic activity than BC-N, because the formation of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) significantly increased the adsorption capacity to H2O2, PDS and PMS. NBC could activate H2O2, PDS and PMS for degradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX), but showed different catalytic activity and degradation mechanism. In the systems of NBC/H2O2 and NBC/PDS, CQDs played a key role in the activation of H2O2 and PDS, and surface-bound reactive species were mainly responsible for SMX degradation. In the system of NBC/PMS, NBC acted as both electron mediator and activator, direct electron transfer between PMS and SMX and surface-bound reactive species contributed to SMX degradation. This study provides an insight into the catalytic activity of NBC for H2O2, PDS and PMS.

Ranitidine degradation in layered double hydroxide activated peroxymonosulfate system: impact of transition metal composition and reaction mechanisms.

Ranitidine, a competitive inhibitor of histamine H2 receptors, has been identified as an emerging micropollutant in water and wastewater, raising concerns about its potential impact on the environment and human health. This study aims to address this issue by developing an effective removal strategy using two types of layered double hydroxide (LDH) catalysts (i.e., CoFeLDH and CoCuLDH). Characterization results show that CoFeLDH catalyst has superior catalytic properties due to its stronger chemical bond compared to CoCuLDH. The degradation experiment shows that 100% degradation of ranitidine could be achieved within 20min using 25mg/L of CoFeLDH and 20mg/L of peroxymonosulfate (PMS). On the other hand, CoCuLDH was less effective, achieving only 70% degradation after 60min at a similar dosage. The degradation rate constant of CoFeLDH was 10 times higher than the rate constant of CoCuLDH at different pH range. Positive zeta potential of CoFeLDH made it superior over CoCuLDH regarding catalytic oxidation of PMS. The catalytic degradation mechanism shows that sulfate radicals played a more dominant role than hydroxyl radicals in the case of LDH catalysts. Also, CoFeLDH demonstrated a stronger radical pathway than CoCuLDH. XPS analysis of CoFeLDH revealed the cation percentages at different phases and proved the claim of being reusable even after 8 cycles. Overall, the findings suggest that CoFeLDH/PMS system proves to be a suitable choice for attaining high degradation efficiency and good stability in the remediation of ranitidine in wastewater.

Study on Catalytic Degradation Efficiency and Mechanism of Ofloxacin Using Titanium Composite Electrode

Ofloxacin (OFX) is a third-generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic widely used to treat respiratory diseases and infections. Due to improper discharge treatment, it can be detected in a variety of aquatic environments such as pharmaceutical wastewater and surface water. In addition, ofloxacin is not easily biodegradable, has toxic effects on aquatic organisms and crops, and cannot be fully removed by conventional treatment. Therefore, it is an important research topic to find effective ways to degrade ofloxacin and reduce its harm to human body and environment. Photocatalysis is a technology that uses solar energy to convert light energy into chemical energy, which can effectively remove refractory organic matter in water environment. The single photocatalytic technology has the problems of low conversion of light energy and slow reaction rate, but the photocatalytic technology can reduce the photogenerated carrier recombination by introducing an external electric field, so as to improve the energy utilization rate and reaction rate. In this paper, Ti/SnO2-Sb (TSSA) electrode material coupled particle electrode was used to realize the treatment of ofloxacin in wastewater containing antibiotics, and the introduction of particle electrode into photoelectric catalysis was explored, and the coupling system was constructed to enhance its catalytic performance.

Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube catalytic membrane with peroxymonosulfate activation for the degradation of metronidazole and bisphenol A: Performance and mechanism comparison

As typical pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), metronidazole (MNZ) and bisphenol A (BPA) normally presented in sewage effluent and surface water. The nitrogen-doped multi-walled carbon nanotube (NCNT) membrane was prepared and utilized as a peroxymonosulphate (PMS) catalyst to degrade MNZ and BPA. Within the NCNT membrane/PMS catalytic system, MNZ and BPA can be efficiently degraded, while different catalytic degradation mechanism exists related with their structure, adsorption properties and even PMS dosage. The optimal conditions for the degradation of MNZ and BPA were investigated. Quenching tests and electron paramagnetic resonance examination demonstrated that •OH radicals and 1O2 played roles in MNZ degradation, while surface-bound radicals and 1O2 dominated BPA degradation within the NCNT membrane catalytic PMS system. Electrochemical tests proved that an electron-transfer process between NCNT membrane and PMS during MNZ degradation, and the electron-transfer process was further verified with the degradation experiment in the binary-solute system (BPA and MNZ). PMS dosage had little influence on the degradation mechanism of MNZ and BPA.

Efficient degradation of vulcanized natural rubber into liquid rubber by catalytic oxidation

Waste tire rubber based on natural rubber (NR) represents an abundant feedstock for the production of valuable products. This study investigated an efficient approach to convert NR vulcanizates into liquid rubber with the number-average molar masses of 1.3 × 104 g/mol. Compared to the anaerobic liquefaction at 300 °C for 3 min, NR vulcanizates were liquefied efficiently at 210 °C for 3 min by thermo-oxidative degradation catalyzed by manganese (II) stearate. The apparent activation energy of the NR degradation reaction decreased from 470.8 kJ/mol to 208.2 kJ/mol with catalysis, which was attributed to the formation of a coordination complex between catalysts and peroxides via the single-electron transfer redox reaction, leading to the catalytic oxidative degradation of NR vulcanizates. The main chain scission and crosslink scission occurred simultaneously during the degradation process, and the main chain scission was the primary catalytic oxidation reaction according to the Horikx theory. In addition, the obtained liquid rubber contained carbonyls, ether linkages, and sulfoxide groups, as proved by FTIR and 13CNMR . The catalytic oxidative degradation mechanism of NR vulcanizates was proposed based on the chemical structure of products and simulation results. The efficient method was proposed to highly facilitate the recycling and valorization of NR-based waste tire rubber.

Cu/Co Bimetallic Carbon Catalyst as a Highly Efficient Promoter for Reactive Dyes Degradation with PMS.

The synergistic effect between bimetallic catalysts has been confirmed as an effective method for activating persulfate (PMS). Therefore, we immobilized copper-cobalt on chitosan to prepare bimetallic carbon catalysts for PMS activation and degradation of reactive dyes. Experimental results demonstrate that the CuCo-CTs/PMS catalytic degradation system exhibits excellent degradation performance toward various types of reactive dyes (e.g., Ethyl violet, Chlortalidone, and Di chlorotriazine), with degradation rates reaching 90% within 30 min. CuCo-CTs exhibit high catalytic activity over a wide pH range of 3-11 at room temperature and under static conditions, degrading over 92% of RV5 within 60 min. ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy and color changes in the dye solution confirm the effective degradation of RV5, with a degradation rate of 97.2% within 10 min. Additionally, CuCo-CTs demonstrate good stability and reusability, maintaining a degradation rate of 92.8% after eight cycles. Kinetic studies indicate that the degradation follows pseudo-first-order kinetics. Furthermore, based on the results of radical scavenging experiments, the catalytic degradation mechanism of the dye involves both radical and nonradical pathways, with 1O2 identified as the primary active species. This study provides insights and experimental evidence for the application of persulfate oxidation in the treatment of dyeing wastewater.

Boosting peroxymonosulfate activation over partial Zn-substituted Co3O4 for florfenicol degradation: Insights into catalytic performance, degradation mechanism and routes

Florfenicol (FLO) is a broad-spectrum halogenated antibiotic (containing F and Cl atoms), and the discharged FLO in wastewater exhibits potential biotoxicity. Peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation can generate reactive oxygen species (ROSs) to realize efficient degradation of organic pollutants. Herein, Zn-substituted Co3O4 (ZnxCo) catalysts were prepared and applied in PMS activation for FLO degradation. The physicochemical properties were systematically studied by combining experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculation. The Zn partial substitution induced electron rearrangement and promoted oxygen vacancy (OV) formation in Co3O4. Zn0.03Co catalyst exhibited superior FLO removal, achieving a higher reaction rate of 0.112 min−1 than Co3O4 (0.053 min−1). The FLO degradation was highly dependent on the factors of PMS/Zn0.03Co/FLO dosage, temperature, initial pH, and coexisting inorganic anions. The Zn0.03Co also displayed outstanding performance in PMS activation for degradation of various typical organic pollutants. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra and quenching experiments indicated that both radical species (·OH, SO4·-, and ·O2-) and nonradical species (1O2) contribute to FLO removal. The redox cycle of Co3+/Co2+ and OVs played an essential role in PMS activation. The electron structure of FLO and parameters of PMS adsorbed on ZnxCo were calculated. The longer length of CoO and OO bonds for the adsorbed PMS could enhance its activation to generate ROSs. The intermediates were detected, and five degradation pathways were proposed. The acute and chronic toxicities of intermediates suggested that the dechlorination process is important for the toxicity attenuation of FLO. This study clarified the performance enhancement mechanism of Zn substitution on FLO degradation by PMS activation using Co3O4 based catalyst, which favors the development of PMS-based advanced oxidation processes for wastewater treatment.

Ce-doped LaMnO3-δ perovskite as an efficient ozonation catalyst for the degradation of high-concentration phenol wastewater

In this study, a series of La1−xCexMnO3-δ (x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9, 1.0) perovskites with different Ce doping ratios were synthesized by the citrate sol-gel method for catalytic ozonation degradation of phenol at high concentration. Among them, the La0.9Ce0.1MnO3-δ catalyst showed the best catalytic performance, increasing COD removal nearly three times compared with ozonation alone. The COD removal of the catalysts was 0.1 > 0.3 > 0 > 0.5 > 0.7 > 0.9 > 1.0, which corresponded to COD removal of 67.56 %, 58.12 %, 57.94 %, 53.68 %, 52.18 %, 49.19 %, and 39.24 %, respectively. SEM, BET, and XRD characterized the structural performance of the catalysts. The two critical parameters of catalyst dosage and pH were also optimized. Simultaneous reproducibility experiments demonstrated the good reusability of the catalyst. In addition, the catalytic degradation mechanism was investigated by the qualitative and quantitative detection of free radicals, EPR, fluorescence detection, XPS and TPD/TPR tests, which indicated that the surface hydroxyl groups, oxygen vacancies, and Mn(Ⅲ)/Mn(Ⅳ) and Ce(Ⅲ)/Ce(Ⅳ) redox pairs on the surface of the catalysts were the potential active sites for the decomposition of ozone to ROSs. The doping of Ce can effectively increase the number of active sites and promote the electron cycling process, thus generating large amounts of •OH and O2-•, effectively mineralizing phenol.

Effective removal of antibiotics from water by Cu2O/Co3O4-catalyzed peroxymonosulfate oxidation: catalytic performance and degradation mechanism

Effective removal of antibiotics from water by Cu2O/Co3O4-catalyzed peroxymonosulfate oxidation: catalytic performance and degradation mechanism

Mechanism of Fenton catalytic degradation of Rhodamine B induced by microwave and Fe3O4

Mechanism of Fenton catalytic degradation of Rhodamine B induced by microwave and Fe3O4

Preparation of carbon nanotube-filled bismuth/tin green nanocomposites and their efficient catalytic activity in the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate

The practical utility of bismuth and tin compounds, as promising green combustion catalysts, is constrained by their substantial particle agglomeration. Herein, a straightforward ultrasonication-assisted method was reported to incorporate bismuth and tin compounds into the inner spaces of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), affording CNTs-confined bismuth (tin) compounds. The as-prepared nanocomposites were structurally completely characterized. The electrochemical property investigations showed that the introduction of bismuth and tin compounds increases the catalytic active sites of carbon nanotubes and inhibits nanoparticle agglomeration effectively. The theoretical calculations revealed that synergistic effects between Bi2O3 and carbon nanotubes can improve the efficiency of electron transfer in the Bi(NO3)3@A-CNTs(M1) composite. The evaluation results of the combustion catalytic performance of the nanocomposites on ammonium perchlorate (AP) pyrolysis suggested that adding 5 wt.% Bi(NO3)3@A-CNTs(M1) and DBT@A-CNTs(M1) (DBT = Dibutyltin dichloride) in AP brought about a more concentrated thermal decomposition process, advancing the peak of AP in the high-temperature decomposition stage from 420.4 ℃ to 328.9 and 325.9 ℃, respectively, and boosting its heat release from 976.42 J·g−1 to 2251.2 J·g−1 and 2452.03 J·g−1, respectively. The studies on the thermal degradation mechanism of AP, probed by thermal decomposition kinetics, in-situ solid FTIR and TG-FTIR-MS, concluded that the electron transfer from the critical steps ClO4− to NH4+ and O2 to O2− is accelerated by the interaction of the in-situ formed Bi2O3 nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes, boosting the relative contents of more stable gases, and ultimately promoting AP pyrolysis. A tentative catalytic thermal degradation mechanism of AP is finally proposed.

Degradation of aqueous phenol by combined ultraviolet and electrochemical oxidation treatment

The industrial wastewater containing phenol is characterized by its elevated toxicity, resistance to biodegradation, and pronounced bioaccumulation. Traditional treatment methods frequently fall short in effectively removing phenol. In this study, a UV photoelectrochemical synergistic catalytic oxidation process was employed for the efficient elimination of phenol. The investigation systematically assessed the impact of various factors, including electrolyte type, concentration, current density, and initial pH, on phenol degradation. Furthermore, the degradation products were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results indicate that the oxidation and degradation of phenol in the UV photoelectrochemical synergistic catalytic system adhere to a first-order kinetic equation. Moreover, the combined UV and electrochemical catalytic degradation process demonstrated a synergistic effect, significantly enhancing the efficiency of phenol degradation. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism of UV combined electrochemical catalytic degradation of phenol and provide reasonable speculation on the degradation pathway of phenol under UV electrochemical co-catalytic oxidation.

Interfacial catalytic degradation mechanism of n-hexane over polyhedral Co3O4 nanocatalysts derived from topotactic condensation of ZIF-67

A progressive transition from the L–H model to MvK model is observed, where a polyhedral Co3O4 nanocatalyst enabled by topotactic condensation of ZIF-67 is synthesized for catalytic degradation of n-hexane.

Design of a novel magnetic composite catalyst with highly efficient cobalt circulation for activating peroxymonosulfate to degrade tetracycline

In this study, a magnetic CoFe2O4/Co2O3/Na-X Zeolite (CFCOZ) composite catalyst was prepared via a co-precipitation hydrothermal method. Comprehensive characterizations suggest that the porous shell layer composed of CoFe2O4 and Co2O3 nanoparticles is evenly supported on Na-X zeolite. The specific surface area of CFCOZ is 266.93 m2/g. CFCOZ was exploited to catalyze peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to degrade tetracycline (TC). Catalytic degradation experiments indicated that the TC removal rate in the PMS/CFCOZ system was higher than that in the CoFe2O4/zeolite/PMS oxidation system. The highest degradation rate reached 96.6 % ([PMS] = 1 mM, 0.2-g/L CFCOZ, [TC] = 20 mg/L, initial pH = 7, room temperature). Several influence factors were investigated, including initial solution pH, PMS concentration, and CFCOZ dosage, etc. on the TC degradation. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and reactive species scavenging experiments showed that 1O2, SO4−, and O2− played the predominant role in the TC removal. The possible catalytic degradation mechanism was proposed. It is found that CoFe2O4 and Co2O3 could synergistically activate PMS, and enhance the circulation efficiency between Co2+ and Co3+ to promote the generation of ROS. The cyclic experiments and characterization results between the fresh and the used CFCOZ showed its continuous catalytic activity and good structural stability.