Catalyst For Reaction Research Articles

Molybdenum sulfide modified with nickel or platinum nanoparticles as an effective catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction

In this study, we investigate the catalytic performance of molybdenum sulfide (MoS2) modified with either nickel (Ni) or platinum (Pt) nanoparticles as catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The MoS2 was prepared on the TiO2 nanotube substrates via a facile hydrothermal method, followed by the deposition by magnetron sputtering of Ni or Pt nanoparticles on the MoS2 surface. Structural and morphological characterization confirmed the successful incorporation of Ni or Pt nanoparticles onto the MoS2 support. Electrochemical measurements revealed that Ni- and Pt-modified MoS2 catalysts exhibited enhanced HER activity compared to pristine MoS2. Obtained catalysts demonstrated a low onset potential, reduced overpotential, and increased current density, indicating efficient electrocatalytic performance. Furthermore, the Ni or Pt-modified MoS2 catalyst exhibited remarkable stability during prolonged HER operation. The improved catalytic activity can be attributed to the synergistic effect between metal nanoparticles and MoS2, facilitating charge transfer kinetics and promoting hydrogen adsorption and desorption. Incorporating Ni and Pt nanoparticles also provided additional active sites on the MoS2 surface, enhancing the catalytic activity.

Elucidating the Discrepancy between the Intrinsic Structural Instability and the Apparent Catalytic Steadiness of M‐N‐C Catalysts toward Oxygen Evolution Reaction

AbstractDespite the widespread investigations on the M‐N‐C type single atom catalysts (SACs) for oxygen evolution reaction (OER), an internal conflict between its intrinsic thermodynamically structural instability and apparent catalytic steadiness has long been ignored. Clearly unfolding this contradiction is necessary and meaningful for understanding the real structure‐property relation of SACs. Herein, by using the well‐designed pH‐dependent metal leaching experiments and X‐ray absorption spectroscopy, an unconventional structure reconstruction of M‐N‐C catalyst during OER process was observed. Combining with density functional theory calculations, the initial Ni−N coordination is easily broken in the presence of adsorbed OH*, leading to favorable formation of Ni−O coordination. The formed Ni−O works stably as the real active center for OER catalysis in alkaline media but unstably in acid, which clearly explains the existing conflict. Unveiling the internal contradiction between structural instability and catalytic steadiness provides valuable insights for rational design of single atom OER catalysts.

Superatomic Layer of Cubic Mo4S4 Clusters Connected by Cl Cross-Linking.

Superatomic clusters - assemblies of atoms with various sizes, shapes, and compositions - can form hierarchical architectures that exhibit emergent electronic properties not found in their individual units. In particular, cubic M4X4 clusters of chalcogenides (M = transition metal; X = chalcogen) are recognized as versatile building blocks for 3D structures with tunable morphologies and electronic properties. However, tetrahedral M4X4 clusters rarely assemble into 2D architectures, which could offer a distinct class of functional materials from their 3D analogues. Here, this work reports the preparation of 2D Mo8S8Cl11, a superatomic layer with a sandwich structure consisting of Mo4S4 clusters interconnected through Cl cross-linking. The vapor-phase reaction inside nanotubes promotes the selective growth of Mo8S8Cl11 nanoribbons, allowing detailed characterization via transmission electron microscopy. This methodology can be applied to the growth of layered structures containing Mo8S8Cl11 at the micrometer scale. This work has demonstrated that mono- and few-layer Mo8S8Cl11 can be prepared by exfoliation of parent solids. Electronic structure calculations indicate that the 2D monolayer has quasi-flat bands, giving rise to an indirect-to-direct bandgap transition under mechanical strain. Furthermore, scanning electrochemical microscopy reveals the potential of the layered structures as highly efficient catalysts for the hydrogen-evolution reaction.

Elucidating the Discrepancy between the Intrinsic Structural Instability and the Apparent Catalytic Steadiness of M-N-C Catalysts toward Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

Despite the widespread investigations on the M-N-C type single atom catalysts (SACs) for oxygen evolution reaction (OER), an internal conflict between its intrinsic thermodynamically structural instability and apparent catalytic steadiness has long been ignored. Clearly unfolding this contradiction is necessary and meaningful for understanding the real structure-property relation of SACs. Herein, by using the well-designed pH-dependent metal leaching experiments and X-ray absorption spectroscopy, an unconventional structure reconstruction of M-N-C catalyst during OER process was observed. Combining with density functional theory calculations, the initial Ni-N coordination is easily broken in the presence of adsorbed OH*, leading to favorable formation of Ni-O coordination. The formed Ni-O works stably as the real active center for OER catalysis in alkaline media but unstably in acid, which clearly explains the existing conflict. Unveiling the internal contradiction between structural instability and catalytic steadiness provides valuable insights for rational design of single atom OER catalysts.

Unveiling the overlooked role of structural heterogeneity within Fe-N-C single atom catalysts for Fenton-like reactions: Efficient decontamination of pharmaceuticals from wastewater and source-separated urine

Recognizing the structural heterogeneity of Metal-N-C single atom catalysts (M-N-C SACs) and further revealing the impact of other metal phases that may be generated during the preparation process on the catalytic activity of SACs are essential for the rational design of M-N-C SACs. Through the post-Fe(III)-N coordination strategy, an extremely reactive heterogeneous Fe-N-C SACs including Fe-Nx coordinating sites and carbon-iron hybrids into the N-doped graphene-containing carbon nanoflakes (Fe3C/Fe-Nx@GCN) is designed at the atomic level. As a stabilized Fenton-like activator, the catalyst exhibits a high mass activity of 2.08 × 105 min−1 mol−1 for the catalytic oxidation of recalcitrant organic. The experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that specific type of N-coordinated Fe sites with a lower d-band center position is prone to Fe-oxo species production. However, the incorporation of carbon-iron hybrids induces charge redistribution in the active metal centers, further enhancing catalyst’s adsorption energy on peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and effectively modulating the reaction energy barriers. Additionally, the electron transfer pathway dominated by potential differences was confirmed by appropriate reactive substrate orbital energies. This study preferentially provides perspectives on the synergistic relationship between carbon-iron hybrids and Fe-Nx in PMS-AOPs and proposes the multiple-reaction pathways for eliminating pharmaceuticals from the source-separated urine.

Catalytic Investigation of ε-caprolactone Polymerization through Schiff BaseTitanium (IV) Complexes

Background: The ring-opening polymerization (ROP) reaction has provided an efficient and convenient route to prepare polyesters of high molecular weight, low polydispersity index, and high optical purity. The poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and poly(lactide) (PLA) were prepared through ROP reaction of ε-caprolactone and D, L-lactide, respectively. These compounds have a huge industrial demand and become an interest among the scientific community to develop more economically and eco-friendly catalysts for ROP reactions. Methods: Three Schiff base ligands, 2-((benzo[d]thiazole-2-ylimino)methyl)phenol, L1; 2-(1-benzo[d]thiazole-2-ylimino)ethyl)phenol, L2; and 2- ((benzo[d]thiazole-2-ylimino)methyl)-5-methoxyphenol, L3; were prepared by the reaction of 2-aminobenzothiazole with 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 2-hydroxyacetophenone and 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde in 1:1 molar ratio. In anticipation of interesting stereochemistry, reactivity, and catalytic potential against ε-caprolactone polymerization, three Titanium(IV) complexes (1 – 3) of these Schiff base ligands were synthesized. All the prepared compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1H-NMR, 13C{1H}-NMR and FAB-Mass spectroscopic technique. Geometry was optimized with the help of DFT. Results: Complex 3 gives a much higher yield (87.7%) in comparison to 1 and 2. The order of catalytic efficiency for complexes is 3>1>2. With the increase in temperature, the % yield was found to decrease, and results are in support of moderate to good potency of synthesized catalysts. Conclusion: Complexes were screened for catalytic potency against ε-Caprolactone polymerization reaction. A most plausible mechanism for the polymerization was also proposed.

Enabling long-distance hydrogen spillover in nonreducible metal-organic frameworks for catalytic reaction

Hydrogen spillover is an extraordinary effect in heterogeneous catalysis and hydrogen storage, which refers to the surface migration of metal particle-activated hydrogen atoms over the solid supports. Historical studies on this phenomenon have mostly been limited to reducible metal oxides where the long-distance proton-electron coupled migration mechanism has been established, yet the key question remains on how to surmount short-distance and defect-dependent hydrogen migration on nonreducible supports. By demerging hydrogen migration and hydrogenation reaction, here we demonstrate that the hydrogen spillover in nonreducible metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) can be finely modulated by the ligand functional groups or embedded water molecules, enabling significant long-distance (exceed 50 nm) movement of activated hydrogen. Furthermore, using sandwich nanostructured MOFs@Pt@MOFs as catalysts, we achieve highly selective hydrogenation of N-heteroarenes via controllable hydrogen spillover from Pt to MOFs-shell. We anticipate that this work will enhance the understanding of hydrogen spillover and shed light on de novo design of MOFs supported catalysts for many important reactions involving hydrogen.

Electron Donor–Acceptor Activated Single Atomic Sites for Boosting Oxygen Reduction Reaction

AbstractFabricating efficient non‐platinum‐group‐metal catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in proton‐exchange membrane fuel cells still remains a big challenge. This study creates a unique bamboo‐like architecture of Mn and Fe single atomic sites (SASs) anchored on core‐shell structure of nanopaticles@carbon nanotubes (MnFe SASs/NPs@CNTs) via a precursor route, where the Fe nanoparticles (NPs) (identified as γ‐Fe and Austenite) are confined into CNTs, such an architecture exhibits compelling ORR activity and durability in 0.1 m HClO4. Experiments and calculations both reveal that the electron donor–acceptor paradigm between Mn SASs and Fe NPs launches a lattice‐electron coupling mechanism not only increasing occupation of π‐antibonding orbital in Mn−*O intermediates but also rising Jahn–Teller effect, thereby destabilize the Mn−*O intermediate and eventually facilitate the potential‐limiting step from *O to *OH. Such a coupling activation of the ORR‐inert Mn SASs greatly improves ORR performances of MnFe SASs/NPs@CNTs.

Utilising magnetite and heteropoly acid to modify silica foam and consider catalytic activity for esterification and transesterification procedure

Silica foam can be helpful substrate to tailoring heterogenous catalyst in various shapes and size. In this work, we have successfully prepared and modified Silica Foam that modified by magnetite nanoparticle (FM) and heteropoly acid (FMH). These new composites were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SEM, TGA, DTG, NH3-TPD, and VSM. The result confirms that fine dispersity of magnetite nano particle and heteropoly acid into silica foam and without any significant change in structure of materials. The synthesized composites FM and FMH were used as catalysts for the esterification reaction of acetic acid with five different alcohols and the transesterification reaction of sunflower, animal fats, and waste oils. The results show that the efficiency of the esterification reaction for the FMH catalyst is about 98.8% and 78.8% for the transesterification reaction.

A bimetallic NiFe MOF with ultra-thin two-dimensional nanosheet structure effectively accelerates oxygen evolution reaction.

To address the shortage of fossil energy, the development of affordable and efficient non-precious metal catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) from electrocatalytic water splitting is still a crucial challenge. Herein, the bimetallic NiFe metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are synthesized by hydrothermal and electro-deposition. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of Fe and Ni, the catalyst demonstrates extraordinary activity, which exhibits favorable OER catalytic activity in 1 M KOH solution with an overpotential of 206 mV at 10 mA cm-2. Meanwhile, the obtained NiFe-NDC presents promising stability in the 20 h test at 50 mA cm-2.

A Room-Temperature All-Solid-State Na-Ag Battery with a Long Cycle Life and Low Overpotential.

Aqueous Zn-Ag batteries have been developed and commercialized for nearly a century, offering stable discharge and high specific energies. Sodium, with its lower redox potential, smaller charge-to-mass ratio, and abundant resources, presents a promising alternative to zinc. In this study, we successfully developed an all-solid-state Na-Ag battery system. This battery demonstrates stable discharge and charge voltages, low overpotential (0.27 V), high energy efficiency (>91%), and long cycle life under moderate humidity at room temperature. The reaction mechanism was elucidated through combined analyses using differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Our findings indicate that metallic Ag in the cathode materials acts as an effective catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction during the initial discharge process, forming NaOH as the discharge product. Ag is then oxidized during the charging process and recovered during discharge, serving as an active reactant in the Na-Ag battery. This work demonstrates superior performance of all-solid-state Na-Ag battery over aqueous Zn-Ag battery. Na-Ag battery may be of interest in applications with stringent requirements on stable discharge voltage and high specific energy.

Magnesium-promoted rapid self-reconstruction of NiFe-based electrocatalysts toward efficient oxygen evolution

The acceleration of active sites formation through surface reconstruction is widely acknowledged as the crucial factor in developing high-performance oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts for water splitting. Herein, a simple one-step corrosion method and magnesium (Mg)-promoted strategy are reported to facilitate the NiFe-based catalysts with enhanced OER performance. The Mg is introduced in NiFe materials to preparate a “pre-catalyst” Mg-Ni/Fe2O3. In-situ Raman shows that Mg doping would accelerate the self-reconstruction of Ni/Fe2O3 to form active NiOOH species during OER. In-situ infrared indicates that Mg doping benefits the formation of *OOH. Theoretical analysis further confirms that Mg doping can optimize the adsorption of oxygen intermediates with fast evolution, accelerating the OER kinetics. Accordingly, the Mg-Ni/Fe2O3 catalyst exhibits excellent OER performance with overpotential of 168 mV at 10 mA cm−2. The anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer achieved 200 mA cm−2 at voltage of 1.53 V, demonstrating excellent stability over 500 h. This work demonstrates the potential of Mg-promoted strategy in regulating the activity of transition metal-based OER electrocatalysts.

Development and evaluation of mechanistic model for standard SCR, fast SCR, and NO2 SCR of NH3-SCR over Cu-ZSM-5

Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems are an effective way of treating NOx emissions to meet increasingly stringent international emission standards. However, the difference of reaction temperature and catalyst location will restrict the reaction of SCR to some extent. Therefore, considering the different reaction conditions, it is necessary to analyze the relationship between them for the study of SCR reaction. In this paper, Cu-ZSM-5 is selected as the catalyst in the SCR reaction, and the effects of different temperatures and catalyst locations on NH3 molar concentration and NOx conversion under three different SCR are investigated. Firstly, a dynamic model of NH3-SCR is established and verified by the experimental data of fast SCR, standard SCR, and NO2-SCR in steady state. Then, the RSM (Response Surface Methodology) is used to further optimize NOx conversion rate. The optimal reaction conditions under the three SCR reactions were obtained by RSM optimization. The results indicate that both reaction temperature and catalyst location exert significant effects on NOx conversion under the three SCR reactions. Finally, the performance of NH3-SCR over Cu zeolite catalyst is predicted and further evaluated to provide combinations and frameworks for improved performance.

Modification of Silica with Sucrose and Ammonium Fluoride Agents: A Facile Route to Prepare Supports of Iridium Catalysts for Hydrogenation Reaction.

Mesoporous silica materials were synthesized using inexpensive and environmentally friendly sucrose as a porogeneous agent. It was found that the presence of sucrose and the products of its chemical transformation during synthesis (e.g., furfural polymer) significantly affected the structure of the obtained porous silica. The influence of synthesis conditions (pH, temperature, time) on the textural properties of the final materials was determined. Samples obtained in an acidic medium, at pH = 1, and treated at room temperature, yielded products with a large surface area and a narrow pore size distribution in the range of 2-5 nm, while the synthesis at pH = 8 allowed for the formation of mesoporous systems with pores in the range of 14-20 nm. To generate acidity, the silicas were modified with an ammonium fluoride solution and then used as supports for iridium catalysts in a hydrogenation reaction, with toluene as a model hydrocarbon. The influence of parameters such as specific surface area, support acidity, and iridium dispersion on catalytic activity was determined. It was shown that modification with sucrose improved the porous structure, and NH4F modification generated acidity. These parameters favored better reducibility and dispersion of the active phase, resulting in higher activity of the catalysts in the studied hydrogenation reaction.

A Generalized Coordination Engineering Strategy for Single-Atom Catalysts toward Efficient Hydrogen Peroxide Electrosynthesis.

Designing non-noble metal single-atom catalysts (M-SACs) for two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e-ORR) is attractive for the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) electrosynthesis, in which the coordination configuration of the M-SACs essentially affects the reaction activity and product selectivity. Though extensively investigated, a generalized coordination engineering strategy has not yet been proposed, which fundamentally hinders the rational design of M-SACs with optimized catalytic capabilities. Herein, a generalized coordination engineering strategy is proposed for M-SACs toward H2O2 electrosynthesis via introducing heteroatoms (e.g., oxygen or sulfur atoms) with higher or lower electronegativity than nitrogen atoms into the first sphere of metal-N4 system to tailor their electronic structure and adjust the adsorption strength for *OOH intermediates, respectively, thus optimizing their electrocatalytic capability for 2e-ORR. Specifically, the (O, N)-coordinated Co SAC (Co-N3O) and (S, N)-coordinated Ni SAC (Ni-N3S) are precisely synthesized, and both present superior 2e-ORR activity (Eonset: ≈0.80V versus RHE) and selectivity (≈90%) in alkaline conditions compared with conventional Co-N4 and Ni-N4 sites. The high H2O2 yield rates of 14.2 and 17.5moLg-1h-1 and long-term stability over 12h are respectively achieved for Co-N3O and Ni-N3S. Such favorable 2e-ORR pathway of the catalysts is also theoretically confirmed by the kinetics simulations.

Prussian Blue Analogues Derived Bimetallic CoNi@NC as Efficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalyst for Mg‐Air Batteries

The magnesium‐air (Mg‐air) batteries are regarded as a highly promising system for electrochemical energy conversion and storage, owing to exceptional energy density, notable safety and eco‐friendliness. The development of high‐performance and durable non‐noble metal catalysts for the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is crucial for advancing the practical use of Mg‐air batteries. The synergistic interaction between different metals in bimetallic catalysts is an effective strategy for enhancing the activity and stability of the catalysts. Herein, various prussian blue analogues (PBA) were selected as precursors to synthesis the bimetallic CoNi@NC, monometallic Co@NC and Ni@NC catalysts due to tunable chemical compositions. Compared with Co@NC and Ni@NC, the bimetallic CoNi@NC pyrolyzed at 600°C (CoNi@NC‐600) exhibits outstanding ORR performances and stability in alkaline (0.1 M KOH) and neutral (3.5 wt% NaCl) electrolytes. Following 5000 CV cycles, the half‐wave potentials for CoNi@NC‐600 show only minor negative shifts of 8 and 7 mV, respectively. Meanwhile, the CoNi@NC‐600 possesses the similar ORR reaction mechanism and activity with Pt/C. The primary Mg‐air battery assembled with CoNi@NC‐600 displays better discharge performances than that of Co@NC and Ni@NC. This study lays the foundation for future investigations into the advancement of non‐precious bimetallic catalysts for ORR in Mg‐air batteries.

Palladium(II) and Platinum(II) Complexes Bearing ONS-Type Pincer Ligands: Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Investigations.

This work describes the synthesis of eight new Pd(II) and Pt(II) complexes with the general formula [M(TSC)Cl], where TSC represents the 4N-monosubstituted thiosemicarbazone derived from 2-acetylpyridine N-oxide with the substituents CH3 (H4MLO), C2H5 (H4ELO), phenyl (H4PLO) and (CH3)2 (H4DMLO). These complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductivity, IR spectroscopy, 1H, 13C, 195Pt and ESI-MS. The complexes exhibit a square planar geometry around the metallic center coordinated by a thiosemicarbazone molecule acting as a donor ONS-type pincer ligand and by a chloride, as confirmed by the molecular structures of the complexes, [Pd(4ELO)Cl] (3) and [Pd(4PLO)Cl] (5), determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The 195Pt NMR spectra of the complexes of formulae [Pt(4PLO)Cl] (6) and [Pt(4DMLO)Cl] (8) in DMSO show a single signal at -2420.4 ppm, confirming the absence of solvolysis products. Complexes 3 and 5 have been tested as catalysts in the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions of aryl bromides with phenylboronic acid, with yields of between 50 and 90.

Heterobimetallic Synergism in Triple-Redox 2D Framework for Largely Boosted Water Oxidation and Flanked Carboxylic-Acid-Triggered Unconventional Tandem Catalysis.

A fish-bone-shaped and thermochemically stable 2D metal-organic framework (MOF) with multimodal active center-decked pore-wall is devised. Redox-active [Co2(COO)4] node and thiazolo[5,4-d]thiazole functionalization benefit this mixed-ligand MOF exhibiting electrochemical water oxidation with 375mV overpotential at 10mA cm-2 current density and 78mV per dec Tafel slope in alkaline medium. Pair of oppositely oriented carboxylic acids aids postmetalation with transition metal ions to engineer heterobimetallic materials. Notably, overpotential of Ni2+ grafted triple-redox composite reduces to 270mV with twofold declined Tafel slope than the parent MOF, ranking among the best-reported values, and outperforming majority of related catalysts. Significantly, turnover frequency and charge transfer resistance display 35.5 and 1.4-fold upsurge, respectively, with much uplifted chronopotentiometric stability and increase active surface area owing to synergistic Co(II)-Ni(II) coupling. The simultaneous presence of ─COOH and nitrogen-rich moieties renders this hydrogen-bonded MOF as acid-base synergistic catalyst for recyclable deacetalization-Knoevenagel reaction with >99% product yield under solvent-free mild condition. Besides control experiments, unique role of ─COOH as hydrogen-bond donor site in substrate activation is validated from comparing the performances of molecular-shearing approach-derived structurally similar unfunctionalized MOF, and the heterobimetallic composite. To the best of tandem Knoevenagel condensation, larger-sized acetal exhibits poor yield of α,β-unsaturated dicyanides, and demonstrates pore-fitting-mediated size-selectivity.

Interface engineering assisted La1-xSrxCoO3/FeOOH heterostructure as a high-performance electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction

Perovskite oxides play a crucial role as catalysts in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) owing to their distinctive structure and diverse physical and chemical characteristics. Currently, enhancing the electronic structure and specific surface area of the perovskite surface through strategic regulation poses a significant challenge in the advancement of perovskite catalyst development. Here, we propose a novel method for enhancing the OER activity of LaCoO3 (LCO) perovskite through atomic doping and interface engineering. The La0.6Sr0.4CoO3–FeOOH (Fe-LSCO) composite exhibits a notable enhancement in electrocatalytic performance, manifesting a low overpotential of 296.3 mV for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at a current density of 10 mA cm−2, while maintaining a high level of activity for a duration of 120 h. The enhanced activity of Fe-LSCO can be attributed to oxygen vacancy defects and the increase of the active site caused by A-site-doping and amorphous nanosheets of FeOOH, which synergistic effect reduces the energy barrier for water dissociation. The highly disordered surface and high surface energy of amorphous FeOOH render it highly active. This study presents a viable interface engineering approach for manipulating the reconstruction of the active phase in high-performance perovskite-based electrocatalytic materials.

Wood derived carbon embedded with shell-core CoP@CoFe for efficient oxygen evolution

Development of hybrid materials with specific architecture, interface, and multicomponent interactions demonstrates effective paradigm for pursuing high-performance energy conversion materials. Herein, using renewable and inexpensive wood-derived carbon as host, the shell-core CoP@CoFe particles are embedded on walls of carbonized wood channels (termed as CoP@CoFe/CW) to fabricate composite catalyst for electrocatalysis oxygen evolution reaction (OER). With benefits of the well distribution of CoP@CoFe particles, high conductivity of CW with channels, and good integration between them, highly exposed catalysis surface as well as rapid charge/mass transfer are achieved. The interface effect of shell-core hybrid activates the intrinsic OER efficiency of CoP@CoFe. Thus, the designed CoP@CoFe/CW yields excellent OER performance with ultralow overpotential of 120 mV (10 mA cm−2). This strategy of catalyst design based on eco-friendliness and renewable CW host may offer promising reference to explore composite materials with high conductivity and fast mass transfer for water electrolysis and other energy storage/conversion systems.