Subject Cataloging Research Articles

Zum Stand des Fachs Cultură și civilizație an rumänischen Universitäten

Abstract Culture and civilization is probably one of the most discussed areas in foreign language didactics. It is taught both implicitly in the teaching of German as a foreign language and as an independent subject in university teaching. It is also offered at many Romanian universities as part of German-language degree courses. Especially in subjects in which prospective teachers and translators are trained, culture and civilization occupies a special position because it plays the undisputedly important role of imparting cultural knowledge about the target language country, which is seen as the second component in foreign language acquisition alongside linguistic knowledge. While foreign language lessons usually deal with everyday cultural topics, university courses on culture and civilization tend to focus on geography, history, politics, media, art and/or economics, usually according to the respective focus of the department where the culture and civilization course is offered. This article deals with academic research on the subject of culture and civilization at Romanian universities after 1995, specifically with the objectives and methods for teaching culture and civilization, the organization of encounters in culture and civilization lessons and possible subject catalogs.

Pareto-principle in rare disease education: assessing the representation of common rare diseases in medical education and coding systems

BackgroundThe Pareto Principle asserts that a large portion of results can be achieved with a small amount of effort. Wakap et al. found that around 80% of individuals with rare diseases (RD) suffer from one of 149 specific rare diseases. A significant challenge in the RD domain is the lack of information, compounded by the fact that most RD are not specifically codifiable in the ICD-10, leading to a deficit in reliable epidemiological data. Additionally, time constraints in medical education hinder the comprehensive teaching of all RD, contributing to the diagnostic odyssey problem through failure of recognizing diseases. We identified the most and second most prevalent RD (prevalences of 1–5/10,000 and 1–9/100,000, respectively) from the Orphanet Epidemiology File, totaling 454 diseases. We investigated the feasibility of specific coding using ICD-10-GM and whether these diseases were explicitly listed in the subject catalog (GK) of the second state examination in human medicine in Germany. A two-sided chi-square test was employed to identify statistically significant differences between prevalence groups.ResultsOut of 454 diseases, a total of 34% could be specifically coded in ICD-10-GM, with 49% of diseases in the 1–5/10,000 prevalence range (153 RD) and 26% in the 1–9/100,000 range (301 RD) having specific codes. Approximately 15% of all investigated diseases were part of the GK, with 25% of the most prevalent and 10% of the second most prevalent RD group, respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed between prevalence groups concerning the presence of a specific ICD-10-GM code and inclusion in the GK.ConclusionOnly 49% of the most prevalent RD can be specifically coded, highlighting the challenge of limited epidemiological data on RD. In Germany, the Alpha-ID was introduced in addition to ICD-10 in the inpatient setting to obtain more valid epidemiological data on RD. Recognizing the Pareto Principle’s applicability, the study emphasizes the importance of including the most common rare diseases in medical education. While recognizing the limitations, especially in covering ultra-rare diseases, the study underscores the potential benefits of enhancing medical curricula to improve rare disease awareness and diagnostic accuracy.

Subject Cataloging by Norwegian Cataloging Agencies

This article reviews the practices of subject assignment by the two main Norwegian cataloging agencies serving the public library domain, Biblioteksentralen and Bokbasen, analyzing 47,235 records representing media cataloged by both agencies, published between 2012 and 2019. In addition to descriptive statistics representing these practices, we apply the Panofsky/Shatford model, previously used in the analysis of artworks and images, to distinguish aspects of these practices associated with levels of meaning. We find that Biblioteksentralen tends to use more abstract terms in their descriptions, while Bokbasen tends to use more general terms.

A Colossal Catalog Adventure: Representing Indie Video Games and Game Creators in Library Catalogs

Significant changes in how video games are made and distributed require catalogers to critically reflect on existing approaches for representing games in library catalogs. Digital distribution channels are quickly supplanting releases of games on physical media while also facilitating a dramatic increase in independent-made games that incorporate novel subject matter and styles of gameplay. This paper presents an action research project cataloging 18 independently-made digital games from a small publisher, Choice of Games, considering how descriptive cataloging, subject cataloging, and name authority control for these works compares to mainstream video games.

Simplified proceedings in the civil procedure of Poland

The article is devoted to simplified proceedings and electronic order proceedings in Polish law. It is noted that the role of expedited (simplified) proceedings in the practice of civil and commercial justice is quite significant, as evidenced not only by the number of cases considered in expedited proceedings, but also by the number of decisions rendered in the appropriate manner.The author notes that in 2019 there were quite significant changes, the content of which is reduced to the expansion of the subject catalog of cases that are considered in the order of simplified proceedings. Before that, this procedure was intended exclusively for lawsuits arising from binding legal relations of a contractual nature. Civil cases arising from non-contractual obligations were considered on a general basis.It is emphasized that in economic cases, the provisions on simplified proceedings are applied to the extent that they do not contradict the provisions of the section on the peculiarities of proceedings in economic cases. What is more, the relevant clause is established by the legislator specifically in relation to national simplified procedures and does not apply to supranational ones (European procedure for small claims, European payment order). Thus, a differentiated approach was applied.It is noted that the introduction of electronic court proceedings in the Polish civil process was a significant step forward in the digitalization of the entire judicial system, and the regulatory documents regarding it, as confirmed by practice, set a new legal and IT standard for further digitalization.It can be concluded that electronic injunctive proceedings are a special type of «ordinary» injunctive proceedings. The differences arise not from the purposes and functions of this proceeding, but from formal reasons that are a consequence of the accepted methods of communication between the parties with the court and the executive service body, as well as the delivery of orders and court decisions in electronic form and the archiving of case materials in electronic form.

Library of Congress Subject Headings: A Post-Coordinated Future

This paper is the result of a request from Library of Congress leadership to assess pre-coordinated versus post-coordinated subject cataloging. It argues that the disadvantages of pre-coordinated subject strings are perennial and continue to hinder progress, while the advantages of post-coordinated subject cataloging have expanded, resulting in new opportunities to serve the needs of catalogers and end users alike. The consequences of retaining pre-coordinated headings will have long-term impacts that heavily out-weigh the short-term challenges of transitioning to new cataloging practices. By implementing post-coordinated, faceted vocabularies, the Library of Congress will be investing in the future of libraries.

The indexing policy in the practices of Brazilian institutional repositories: A diagnostic study from the perception of managers and indexers

Institutional repositories aim to gather, treat and disseminate information resources produced in a given institution. The adoption of an indexing policy aims to improve information retrieval by the user community of the institutional repository, by proposing elements that standardize the practices of librarians who work in subject cataloging. The objective of the research is to analyze the perception of managers and indexers of Brazilian institutional repositories about the indexing policy for information organization and representation, with the specific objectives of performing a compared evaluation of elements and variables (characteristics, processes, and instruments) of the indexing policy regarding indexing and retrieval, discussion of vocabulary control procedures, and obtaining an overview focusing on the perception of the need for an indexing policy in Brazilian institutional repositories. Semi-structured interviews were applied to nine participants from eight institutional repositories to investigate the requirements, elements and variables of the indexing policy in the practice of managers and librarians of institutional repositories. The results reveal the need for improvements in the practices of the analyzed institutional repositories regarding the activities of subject cataloging, standardization of subject metadata, and vocabulary control, queries, and in carrying out tests or trials for continuous evaluation of indexing and information retrieval with users. The study also revealed that this scenario can be more positive if institutional repositories adopt an indexing policy for the practices they perform in repositories to be understood by managers and librarians as a tool to improve information retrieval. La política de indización en las prácticas de los repositorios institucionales brasileños: un estudio de diagnóstico desde la percepción de gestores e indexadores

Wielość masek w Masce Stanisława Lema. Źródła, konteksty, powinowactwa

The paper is devoted to The Mask (Maska) by Stanisław Lem, one of the best known short stories in the literary output of this Polish novelist. The main goal of the article is to discuss the intertextuality of this tale which evokes many contexts, ranging from mythology, through medieval and baroque poetry, to contemporary science fiction artworks. The Mask recognizes a large variety of problems, such as the definition of humanity, human gender and sexuality, as well as crucial emotions like love and the will to survive. Due to its catalogue of subjects, this short story can be interpreted on various levels and from the perspective of various methodological strategies. The texts of culture mentioned in the essay include: Jacek Dukaj’s Gothic, Ernst Theodor Amadeus Hoffmann’s The Sandman, Hans Rudolf Giger’s artworks, and Bjork’s music video All Is Full of Love.

Guidelines for Subject Analysis in Subject Cataloging

The representation of information in subject cataloging as a result of subject analysis will depend on the cataloger’s prior knowledge, influenced by subjectivity. The subject analysis in cataloging is a central theme of this investigation with the aim to elaborate guidelines for subject analysis in cataloging. For this purpose, how books are cataloged in university libraries has been verified. The Individual Verbal Protocol was applied with catalogers from Brazilian and Spanish University Libraries. Directions for the elements and variables of the subject analysis and procedures for good development were obtained to constitute the Guidelines of Subject Analysis in Cataloging. It is concluded that the guidelines formed by four sections are indicated for incorporation in subject cataloging procedure manuals for the purpose of improving the levels of representation and information retrieval results.

Hidden Concepts of Library and Information Science in Information Seeking Behavior Models

Modeling information seeking behavior was started in the early 1980s pioneered by Wilson. More than 70 models in the last four decades on information seeking behavior have emerged. The models delineate the concepts from cognate subjects such as psychology and sociology. The authors made an analytical study of these models and identified many concepts of library and information science (LIS); from information processing and retrieval, reference service case studies and the evaluation experiments of information retrieval systems intrinsically are hidden in these models that have not been explicitly expounded as part of information seeking traits. The Chain Indexing devised by Ranganathan has an inclusive concept into information seeking with the phrase "Sought Link" to select the relevant subject heading(s) derived from the document(s) for indexing and to assign as the sought term(s) in the subject catalogue. Lancaster in the evaluation of MEDLARS identified phrases; serendipity and novelty ratio in response to users queries to the system. The paper after an in depth study of these ideas and with an analytical review of the models implies many of the classical concepts from LIS are implicit-in information seeking patterns of users. The paper conjures up to investigate them in the models of information seeking behavior as pragmatic rather only on user perceptions.

Integration of radiation oncology teaching in medical studies by German medical faculties due to the new licensing regulations

The new Medical Licensing Regulations 2025 (Ärztliche Approbationsordnung, ÄApprO) will soon be passed by the Federal Council (Bundesrat) and will be implemented step by step by the individual faculties in the coming months. The further development of medical studies essentially involves an orientation from fact-based to competence-based learning and focuses on practical, longitudinal and interdisciplinary training. Radiation oncology and radiation therapy are important components of therapeutic oncology and are of great importance for public health, both clinically and epidemiologically, and therefore should be given appropriate attention in medical education. This report is based on a recent survey on the current state of radiation therapy teaching at university hospitals in Germany as well as the contents of the National Competence Based Learning Objectives Catalogue for Medicine 2.0 (Nationaler Kompetenzbasierter Lernzielkatalog Medizin 2.0, NKLM) and the closely related Subject Catalogue (Gegenstandskatalog, GK) of the Institute for Medical and Pharmaceutical Examination Questions (Institut für Medizinische und Pharmazeutische Prüfungsfragen, IMPP). The current recommendations of the German Society for Radiation Oncology (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Radioonkologie, DEGRO) regarding topics, scope and rationale for the establishment of radiation oncology teaching at the respective faculties are also included.

The Sears List of Subject Headings: Social and Cultural Dimensions in Historical, Theoretical, and Design Contexts

The Sears List of Subject Headings was first published in 1923 to provide guidance to subject catalogers in small libraries in the United States. The Sears List, now in its 22nd edition, is still widely used for subject cataloging in small- and medium-sized libraries and in children’s and school libraries, but the Sears List is not nearly as widely studied as the more comprehensive Library of Congress Subject Headings. This paper aims to expand the critical discussion of the Sears List and to contextualize the List in contemporary cultural and social dimensions by reviewing its history, theory, and design. The paper looks specifically at how Black people and culture, Indigenous peoples and cultures, and LGBTQ+ people and cultures are represented in the Sears List throughout its history and how warrant, design, and theory inform this representation.

Eduard Rubenovich Sukiasyan — Erudition, Efficiency, Courage

The article is devoted to the memories of the talented work of Eduard Rubenovich Sukiasyan (1937—2021) — the greatest library scientist in Russia, one of the developers and later Editor-in-Chief of the Library Bibliographic Classification (LBC). The author traces his professional path as prominent theorist and practitioner of librarianship. The article presents information about the work of E.R. Sukiasyan in the V.I. Lenin State Library of the USSR (now the Russian State Library, RSL), as well as the compiler and member of the Editorial Board of the “Dictionary of Library Terms”. The author considers his contribution to the reorganization of the RSL system of catalogues as the Head of the Department of systematic and subject catalogues. Eduard Rubenovich enjoyed the well-deserved love of students of the Academy of Retraining of Workers of Art, Culture and Tourism. E.R. Sukiasyan was an active participant in the public library movement, the member of the Council of the Russian Library Association. He made great contribution to the activities of the International Society for Knowledge Organization, as well as to the work of the Classification and Indexing Section of the International Federation of Library Organisations and Institutions. E.R. Sukiasyan is the author of over one thousand scientific papers.

Descriptive Cataloging: The History and Practice of Describing Library Resources

Descriptive cataloging is the process of representing resources by recording their identifying traits and selecting specific names and titles to serve as access points. It is a key component of the larger cataloging process alongside subject cataloging, authority work, and encoding. Descriptive cataloging practices have existed for centuries and, over time, have become standardized through the use of cataloging codes. These documents guide this process by prescribing a consistent set of elements, providing directions on how to record these elements, and offering instructions on how to select and format access points. The goal of descriptive cataloging is not to create perfect representations but to provide data to serve users. The international cataloging standard Resource Description and Access (RDA) is now bringing more institutions under the same set of descriptive practices than ever before. This, along with recent technological developments, promises increased sharing and reuse of descriptive cataloging data.

Rearranging the subject catalog at Trinity University

Sous chaque vedette matiere, les documents sont classes chronologiquement, les plus recents d'abord

Predmetni katalog u vremeplovu

Leaf subject catalogue of The Public Library of Kruševac was the part of its history for many decades. Following the development of librarianship, literary science and philology, as well as users' demands - secondary school pupils and university students, connected with the professional catalogue of Literary Criticism Fund, subject catalogue was made in detail and with precision. In this paper the presentations of subject catalogue leaflets from earlier times are given together with the description of the structure, organization and functioning of the subject catalogue in general. By creating the automated data base and electronic subject catalogue, easy searching was achieved but one also finds some inconsistencies in them. The upcoming improvement and further training of the librarians-cataloguers, in addition to regular revisions of catalogues, will make electronic subject catalogue become the precious base of bibliographic data in modern libraries.

Erschließungsarbeit in Alma – Erfahrungen aus dem OBV vor, während und nach der Aleph-Ablöse

Der Artikel beschreibt die Implementierung des integrierten Bibliothekssystems Alma im Österreichischen Bibliothekenverbund aus Perspektive der Formal- und Sacherschließung. Neben den gemachten Erfahrungen im Zusammenhang mit dem Umstieg vom Vorgängersystem Aleph auf Alma wird besonderes Augenmerk auf die Alltagstauglichkeit des Produkts gelegt. Zum Abschluss wird die Situation des Arbeitsbereiches im Kontext zukünftiger Entwicklungen verortet.

Reconstruction of Lamb weather type series back to the eighteenth century

The Lamb weather type series is a subjective catalogue of daily atmospheric patterns and flow directions over the British Isles, covering the period 1861–1996. Based on synoptic maps, meteorologists have empirically classified surface pressure patterns over this area, which is a key area for the progression of Atlantic storm tracks towards Europe. We apply this classification to a set of daily pressure series from a few stations from western Europe, in order to reconstruct and to extend this daily weather type series back to 1781. We describe a statistical framework which provides, for each day, the weather types consistent enough with the observed pressure pattern, and their respective probability. Overall, this technique can correctly reconstruct almost 75% of the Lamb daily types, when simplified to the seven main weather types. The weather type series are described and compared to the original series for the winter season only. Since the low frequency variability of synoptic conditions is directly related to the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), we derive from the weather type series an NAO index for winter. An interesting feature is a larger multidecadal variability during the nineteenth century than during the twentieth century.

O tratamento temático da informação em instrumentos normativos de descrição arquivística

O estudo analisa Instrumentos Normativos de Descrição Arquivística desenvolvidos em diferentes países, a fim de verificar a descrição de conteúdo nestes documentos. Trata das vertentes teóricas do Tratamento Temático da Informação: catalogação de assunto, indexação e análise documental, assim como seus respectivos objetos: produtos, instrumentos e processos. Apresenta correntes teóricas do pensamento arquivístico: tradicional, records management e integrada, assim como, discorre sobre o histórico da descrição arquivística e o desenvolvimento de manuais, normas e orientações que foram criadas na intenção de padronizar o processo de descrição arquivística. Realiza levantamento de Instrumentos Normativos de Descrição Arquivística em diferentes países, tendo sido coletados e caracterizados 12 que se apresentam em línguas portuguesa, espanhola e inglesa. Dentre esses, foram selecionados oito Instrumentos Normativos de Descrição Arquivística que contemplam a descrição de conteúdo em sua estrutura, possibilitando, assim, a análise da existência ou não de características das vertentes teóricas do Tratamento Temático da Informação e a identificação dos aspectos indicados pela literatura da área de TTI: processos, produtos e instrumentos. Conclui-se que documentos de arquivo apresentam características específicas que precisam ser analisadas de forma diferente dos bibliográficos. No entanto, é possível estabelecer diálogo entre as áreas de Tratamento Temático da Informação e Arquivologia, visando à melhoria do acesso à informação. Contribui-se com a transposição desses conceitos e teorias, oriundos da Ciência da Informação, ao contexto do documento de arquivo e com as discussões acerca do desenvolvimento teórico e prático do Tratamento Temático da Informação na Arquivologia.

A Comparative Study of Subject Headings in University Libraries in Karnataka

Subject cataloguing is considered more intellectually intriguing than the descriptive cataloguing. Quality of subject catalogues have been the area of interest for researchers. The present study attempted to analyse the subject catalogue records from four university libraries in Karnataka. The result showed that the subject access to the holdings of the university libraries need to be improved. Subject cataloguers have to pay immediate attention in improving the subject access.