Casson Nanofluid Research Articles

Entropy generation on inclined magnetize double diffusive convective transportation of radiative Casson nanofluid in porous medium with source/sink

This research intends to investigate the entropy generation on the magnetized double diffusive heat and mass transfer flow of the Casson nanofluid under the influence of an inclined magnetic field in a porous medium. Additionally, the combined impact of heat absorption, chemical reaction, Brownian diffusion, source/sink, and thermophoresis phenomena is also taken care of. The fluid flow involves convective boundary conditions for both temperature and concentration instead of a constant value at the surface. The flow-regulating system involved nonlinear PDEs that are turned into nonlinear systems of ODEs by using scaling variables and then solved this system numerically in Matlab using the bvp4c strategy, which is a collocation technique based on the Lobatto 3-stage FDM algorithm. Graphical representations illustrate the behavior of fluid velocity, entropy generation, concentration, and temperature in response to changes in flow parameters. Physical quantities like skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number have been investigated using 2D and 3D plots. Here, we concluded that the inclined magnetic field decimates the flow velocity gradually and greater values of the magnetic field lead to an increased rate of entropy generation. Furthermore, it has been noted that the temperature profile improves as the Brownian motion of particles increases, and the distribution of energy also enhances with larger values of the thermophoresis. The obtained key findings are discussed in a physical manner using graphic representation.

Melting heat transfer and entropy analysis of ternary Casson nanofluids flow with second slip conditions: Application on rocket engine cooling

Heat transfer analysis of Casson nanofluid flow with single and multi-walled carbon nanotubes and Al2O3 or GO nanoparticles, which are suspended in kerosene oil, is elucidated. The impact of second slip conditions on the flow system’s velocity, temperature, and solutal is considered, along with the effect of melting heat transfer and nanoparticle shape factor. The appraisal’s novelty is the incorporation of second slip conditions on kerosene oil flow containing with new three distinct nanoparticles. Similar variables are used to convert the governing equations into ordinary equations which are then solved using homotopy perturbation method (HPM). The profiles of velocity, temperature, concentration, and Bejan number are estimated for various values of relevant parameters. Results demonstrate that the Bejan number declines due to enhance the first thermal parameter and second velocity parameter, while the contrary tendency is examined by raising the Casson fluid parameter and first velocity parameter. Al2O3-SWCNT-MWCNT TNF responds more strongly than GO-SWCNT-MWCNT TNF when the temperature is coupled with (nanoparticles volume fraction, first thermal parameter), axial velocity with (nanoparticles volume fraction, first velocity parameter, first thermal parameter), and Bejan number with melting parameter. This study is to help rocket engine designers identify the optimal nanofluids for cooling and fuel.

Novel Numerical Investigations of Some Problems Based on the Darcy–Forchheimer Model and Heat Transfer

In this study, we introduced a new type of basis function and subsequently a Chebyshev delta shaped collocation method (CDSC). We then use this method to numerically investigate both the natural convective flow and heat transfer of nanofluids in a vertical rectangular duct on the basis of a Darcy–Brinkman–Forchheimer model and the electroosmosis-modulated Darcy–Forchheimer flow of Casson nanofluid over stretching sheets with Newtonian heating problems. The approximate solution is represented in terms of Chebyshev delta shaped basis functions. Novel error estimates for interpolating polynomials are derived. Computational experiments were carried out to corroborate the theoretical results and to compare the present method with the existing Chebyshev pseudospectral method. To demonstrate our proposed approach, we also compared the numerical solutions with analytic solutions of the Poisson equation. Computer simulations show that the proposed method is computationally cheap, fast, and spectrally accurate and more importantly the obtained approximate solution can easily be used by researchers in this field.

Heat Transfer of Casson Nanofluid Flow Between Double Disks: Using Buongiorno Model

Purpose: Fluid thermal efficiency is crucial in major industrial sectors. Traditional fluids often lack the heat transmission needed for various operations. To address this, researchers introduced metallic and non-metallic nano additives, creating a new type of fluid called Nanofluid. This article explores the squeezing flow of Casson nanofluid between parallel disks, considering suction/injection, thermophysical impacts, thermal radiation, and chemical reaction. Methodology: The study uses the Buongiorno nanofluid theory to analyze thermophoresis and Brownian motion, reducing partial differential equations to ordinary differential equations. Numerical technique (shooting approach) is employed to solve these equations, and the results are presented graphically. Conclusions: The study reveals that axial velocity decreases as the Casson fluid parameter increases. Near the intersection point of the velocity field with varying magnitudes of the linear thermal convection parameter, radial velocity increases. It is observed that the thermal field intensifies with a higher linear thermal convection parameter. Additionally, elevated values of the thermal radiation parameter lead to an increase in temperature distribution estimates. Applications of Current Model: Casson fluid, classified as a non-Newtonian fluid, exhibits characteristics of both an elastic solid at low shear strain and a Newtonian fluid at high stress. It is characterized by infinite viscosity at zero shear rate and infinite viscosity at infinite shear rate. Examples of Casson fluids in everyday life include tomato juice, human blood, soup, and orange juice.

Computational Analysis of Magneto Bioconcvection Casson Nanofluid Flow Containing Gyrotactic Microbes: A Bio-Microsystemtechnology and Bio-Fuel Cells Application

Scientists and researchers have been captivated by the field of nanotechnology research, drawn to its diverse applications such as cancer treatment, pharmaceuticals, aircraft manufacturing, nano-robot technology, bionano advancements, heat exchange instruments, engine coolant use, microelectronics, water distillation, pharmaceutical procedures, and rubber materials. Incorporating gyrotactic microbes into nanoparticles is crucial for enhancing the thermal efficiency of various systems, including microbial fuel cells, bacteria-powered micro-mixers, micro-volumes such as microfluidic devices, enzyme biosensors, and chip-shaped microdevices like bio-microsystems.This study focuses on investigating the bioconvectional flow of Casson nanofluid, incorporating nano-particles, gyrotactic micro-organisms, and thermal radiation, passing through a needle. The bioconvection fluid is formed through the combined effects of Lorentz forces, a magnetic field, and the interaction of motile micro-organisms with nanoparticles. The governing partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations using resemblance transformations, and the solution is obtained through the BVP4C solver shooting technique. The numerical results are presented using MATLAB, depicted in figures and tabular formats. The findings, interpreted from a physical standpoint, reveal that fluid flow decreases with an increase in bioconvection Rayleigh number and buoyancy ratio parameter. Thermal flow, on the other hand, increases with a rise in Brownian motion parameter and thermophoresis effect parameter. Concentration profiles decrease with an increase in thermophoresis parameter and Lewis number, while motile microorganism profiles decline with an augmentation in Peclet number and bioconvection Lewis number.

A study of electro-magneto Darcy-Forchheimer Casson nanofluid flow under the effects of Cattaneo-Christov double diffusive model over linear vs nonlinear stretching sheets

The present study reveals that the two-dimensional incompressible Casson nanofluid saturated the porous media in the presence of Darcy-Forchheimer medium over a non-linear sheet stretching. It has immense practical applications in engineering, like paper production, solar receivers, aluminous plate cooling, plastic sheet extrusions, petroleum resources, soil physics, etc. Here, non-linear stretching is supposed to be the driving force. The electro-magnetized Cattaneo-Christov double diffusion model was imposed to enhance the heat and mass transfer along with the influences of ist order chemical reactions, Brownian diffusion, thermophoresis motion, internal heat source viscous-ohmic dissipation, and thermal radiation. The electro-magnetic impacts are uniformly normal to the direction of flow. The governing flow model, a system of highly coupled and non-linear partial differential equations, is converted into ordinary differential equations imposing appropriate similarity transformations, and solved analytically (differential transformation method via MAPLE) and numerically (Bvp4c via MATLAB). The final results are tabulated and demonstrated graphically for different control parameters. In addition, the contour graphs have been prepared. For engineering and industrial importance, a significant difference can be observed in the enhancement of heat and mass transfer through temperature and concentration profiles and tables of Nusselt as well as Sherwood numbers. Through histograms, it is concluded that the nonlinear stretching sheet provides a better heat and mass transfer rate as compared to the linear stretching sheet. The rate of heat transfer in the linear vs nonlinear stretching sheet is 25–75%, but the rate of mass transfer is 30–70%.

Sensitive analysis of heat transfer enhancement in ternary Casson nanofluid flow between a conical surface and disk

This study explores the ternary nanofluid flow within the canonical gap between a cone and a disk with particle deposition and magnetic field effects. Reduced titanium dioxide, magnetite, and graphene oxide are used as nanoparticles in the base fluid ethylene glycol. The governing equations of the problem are in the form of partial differential equations, which are converted to nonlinear ordinary differential equations by using appropriate similarity transformations, and they are solved numerically by using Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg fourth fifth-order (RKF 45) technique. The main agenda of this work is to discuss the impacts of parameters on three cases. The effects of essential aspects on fluid flow, heat and mass transfer rates were studied and analyzed using a graphical representation. Additionally, the response surface methodology and sensitivity analysis are carried out to enhance the importance of the heat transfer rate. The results reveal that the flow field increases significantly with increased Reynolds numbers for both cone and disk rotations. It is observed that the sensitivity analysis of the Nusselt number toward the Eckert number is more for all the radiation parameter values and the Eckert number’s middle level.

Three-Dimensional Stretched Boundary Layer Flow of Casson Nanofluid in Rotating Frame with Bio-convection Phenomenon

Three-Dimensional Stretched Boundary Layer Flow of Casson Nanofluid in Rotating Frame with Bio-convection Phenomenon

Linear and nonlinear stretching sheet for enhanced heat and mass transfer in Casson nanofluid with activation energy

In this study, we delve into the magnetohydrodynamic heat and mass transfer flow of a Casson nanofluid over specifically chosen linear and nonlinear stretching surfaces embedded in a porous medium to understand their distinct effects on fluid behavior. By focusing on the influences of Brownian motion, thermophoresis, thermal radiation, and chemical reactions, we transformed nonlinear partial differential equations into ordinary differential equations, leveraging the Runge-Kutta method and Shooting Techniques for numerical solutions of momentum, temperature, and concentration profiles under predetermined boundary conditions. Our results, depicted in both graphical and tabular forms, shed light on how various parameters, including the Casson fluid characteristics, magnetic fields, buoyancy ratio, and mixed convection effects, influence fluid dynamics. A notable finding is that an increase in the Brownian motion parameter intensifies the fluid velocity and temperature profiles, but reduces its concentration profile, unveiling complex interactions within the nanofluid dynamics. This investigation underscores the importance of linear and nonlinear stretching surfaces in mimicking practical industrial scenarios, thereby providing insights that are crucial for optimizing processes such as coating, cooling of electronic devices, and in the manufacturing of thin plastic films, where precise control over heat and mass transfer is essential.

Chemically radiative and magnetised Casson nanofluid due to Arrhenius kinetics with heat source/sink

ABSTRACT The current investigation aims to study the Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Casson nanofluid model to simulate the thermo-solutal-free convection chemically with heat source/sink and radiation. The present flow situation is driven by Arrhenius kinetics in the energy equation. The considered flow situation is reduced via similarity transformations and further solved numerically by the Runge–Kutta with shooting scheme. The flow features of velocity, energy, and concentration are derived, and the results are presented through graphs.

Spectral quasi-linearization approach for the swimming of motile microorganisms on the bio-convection Casson nanofluid flow over a rotating circular disk

The ability of motile microorganisms is used to design of biomedical nanofluidic devices that utilize for targeted drug delivery, to influence heat transfer in nanofluids that are applied to the optimization of cooling system, in biotechnological processes where precise control over fluid flow, etc. However, based upon the several facts, the current investigation lead to propose the heat transfer characteristic of motile microorganisms swimming in a flow of bio-convection nanofluid over a rotating circular disk. The proposed study explores the impacts of dissipative heat generated by the movement of microorganisms, thermal radiation, and chemical reactions. The impact of cross-diffusive property organized by the implementation of Brownian motion and thermophorsis energies the flow phenomena of bio-convection. The set of coupled nonlinear system of non-dimensional equations is obtained by the implementation of similarity rules and further quasi-linearization method is utilized for the solution of this system. The characteristics of diversified parameters are presented through graphs with the variation of the proposed factors within their certain limitations and thee discuss briefly. Further, the important outcomes of the study are presented as; the fluid velocity decelerates due to the enhanced non-Newtonian Casson parameter, whereas the radiating heat for the inclusion of thermal radiation and coupling parameter, that is, Eckert number boosts up the heat transport phenomena.

Bioconvective flow of thermally radiative Casson nanofluid with aerobic microorganisms over a stretching surface

A mathematical model is proposed to analyze the flow characteristics of a thermally radiative, chemically reacting Casson nanofluid incorporating aerobic microorganisms over a stretching sheet. Nonlinear dimensionless ordinary differential equations are formulated through suitable similarity transformations. The resulting coupled system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations is numerically solved using the finite difference method with the bvp4c routine in MATLAB. The verification of the numerical solution’s accuracy is conducted by comparing it with previously established results under specific conditions pertinent to the present investigation. Skin friction coefficients, local Nusselt number, and Sherwood number are computed for various parameters and their implications for engineering applications are discussed. The investigation also explores the impact of different dimensionless parameters on velocity, temperature, mass concentration, motile microorganism density, and oxygen concentration profiles for both Casson and Newtonian nanofluids, offering a comprehensive analysis. The study highlights that suspending non-Newtonian nanofluids with fast-moving aerobic microorganisms and nanoparticles results in enhanced heat transfer rates, thus presenting potential benefits for practical applications such as the manufacturing of biofilms.

Numerical analysis of non-linear radiative Casson fluids containing CNTs having length and radius over permeable moving plate

Abstract Casson fluids containing carbon nanotubes of various lengths and radii on a moving permeable plate reduce friction and improve equipment efficiency. They improve plate flow dynamics to improve heat transfer, particularly in electronic cooling and heat exchangers. The core objective of this study is to investigate the heat transmission mechanism and identify the prerequisites for achieving high cooling speeds within a two-dimensional, stable, axisymmetric boundary layer. This study considers a sodium alginate-based nanofluid containing single/multi-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs/MWCNTs) and Casson nanofluid flow on a permeable moving plate with varying length, radius, and nonlinear thermal radiation effects. The plate has the capacity to move either parallel to or perpendicular to the free stream. The governing partial differential equations for the boundary layer, which are interconnected, are transformed into standard differential equations. These equations are then numerically solved using the Runge–Kutta fourth-order scheme incorporated in the shooting method. This research analyses and graphically displays the effects of factors including mass suction, nanoparticle volume fraction, Casson parameter, thermal radiation, and temperature ratio. Additionally, a comparison is made between the present result and the previous finding, which presented in a tabular format. The coefficient of skin friction decreases in correlation with an increase in Casson fluid parameters and Prandtl number. Heat transfer rate decreases with a variation in viscosity parameter, while it is increasing with an increase in Prandtl number. In addition, this study demonstrates that heat transfer rate for MWCNT is significantly higher than that of SWCNT nanoparticles. Thermal radiation and temperature ratio reduce the heat transfer rate, whereas nanoparticle volume fraction and Casson parameter enhance it over a shrinking surface.

Investigating radiative heat transfer, varied wall thickness, and slip effects on Casson nanofluid flow over a stretched sheet with heat source

ABSTRACT Understanding the intricate interplay between variable fluid properties such as slip and thermal conductivity when flowing over porous surfaces is of utmost importance for a wide range of engineering applications. This investigation delves into this uncharted territory, connecting the analytical capabilities of HAM (Homotopy Analysis Method) to reveal captivating insights into the impact of these variables on the dynamics of Casson nanofluid flow. Besides, we documented the flow aspects which include thermal radiation, heat source, variable wall thickness and chemical reaction. We alter the partial differential flow-related conditions into nonlinear ordinary ones employing the similarity transformation approach. Then, using a popular semi-analytical technique known as the Homotopy Analysis Method (HAM), we were able to untangle them. This method yields to power series solutions to nonlinear differential equations. To illustrate the impact of the velocity, temperature and concentration profiles, parametric research has been done using tables and diagrams. In the limiting sense, the numerical results of our methodology are in great association with the outcomes of previous research. Finally, it is noted that higher values of the velocity slip parameter cause an enhancement in fluid velocity, while escalating values of the thermal slip parameter cause a decline in temperature distribution.

Analytical Solution for MHD Casson Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer due to Stretching Sheet in Porous Medium

The feature of having a surface that can stretch has garnered attention in numerous industrial and engineering fields because of its advantages. Nevertheless, most fluid mechanics simulations for stretchable surfaces have predominantly relied on numerical solutions, with a notable lack of theoretical investigations into this matter. Consequently, the current research aims to contribute a theoretical exploration of heat transfer and boundary layer flow for Casson nanofluid on a linearly stretching sheet, considering the existence of porosity and magnetic field effects. Two distinct types of water-based nanofluids containing aluminium oxide and silicon dioxide are examined. By employing similarity transformations, the governing momentum and energy equations undergo transformation and subsequent analytical resolution using Laplace transformations. The resulting solutions are graphically presented to examine the influence of key parameters on temperature and velocity distribution. The analysis indicates that heat transfer is improved by the inclusion of nanoparticles, porosity, and a magnetic field. However, the velocity distribution slows down as a result of higher nanoparticle volume fraction, porosity, and magnetic field imposition.

Numerical modeling of mixed convective nanofluid flow with fractal stochastic heat and mass transfer using finite differences

This study presents the first comprehensive numerical simulation of heat and mass transfer in fractal-like mixed convective nanofluid flows. The flow of non-Newtonian nanofluids over flat and oscillating sheets is modelled mathematically, and a finite difference scheme is used to solve this model. The two-stage scheme can tackle fractal and fractal stochastic mathematical models of partial differential equations. The consistency in the mean square is proved, and Fourier series stability analysis is adopted to find stability conditions for fractal stochastic partial differential equation. The scheme is applied to solve the unsteady Casson nanofluid flow over the flat and oscillatory sheet, which affects thermal radiation, heat source, and chemical reaction. The existence of the solution is also provided for the Navier-Stokes equation of the considered flow model using fractal time derivative. The graph illustrates that the proposed fractal technique achieves faster convergence than the Crank-Nicolson approach. Applications in energy systems, materials science, and environmental engineering are just a few of the domains that could benefit from a better understanding of mixed convective nanofluid flows with fractal features, and that is what this research study hopes to accomplish. Scientists and engineers may better develop efficient and environmentally friendly systems by simulating and analyzing these complicated processes with the suggested finite difference technique.

Mixed convective flow of engine oil-based non-Newtonian tri-hybrid nanofluid across a porous rotating disk

Purpose Flow induced by rotating disks is of great practical importance in several engineering applications such as rotating heat exchangers, turbine disks, pumps and many more. The present research has been freshly displayed regarding the implementation of an engine oil-based Casson tri-hybrid nanofluid across a rotating disk in mass and heat transferal developments. The purpose of this study is to contemplate the attributes of the flowing tri-hybrid nanofluid by incorporating porosity effects and magnetization and velocity slip effects, viscous dissipation, radiating flux, temperature slip, chemical reaction and activation energy. Design/methodology/approach The articulated fluid flow is described by a set of partial differential equations which are converted into one set of higher-order ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by using convenient conversions. The numerical solution of this transformed set of ODEs has been spearheaded by using the effectual bvp4c scheme. Findings The acquired results show that the heat transmission rate for the Casson tri-hybrid nanofluid is intensified by, respectively, 9.54% and 11.93% when compared to the Casson hybrid nanofluid and Casson nanofluid. Also, the mass transmission rate for the Casson tri-hybrid nanofluid is augmented by 1.09% and 2.14%, respectively, when compared to the Casson hybrid nanofluid and Casson nanofluid. Originality/value The current investigation presents an educative response on how the flow profiles vary with changes in the inevitable flow parameters. As per authors’ knowledge, no such scrutinization has been carried out previously; therefore, our results are novel and unique.

Effects of double diffusion and induced magnetic field on convective flow of a Casson nanofluid over a stretching surface

Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flows have several applications in a wide area of engineering such as industrialized processes, including generating MHD electrical power, processing of magnetic materials, etc. The present examination focuses on incorporating the induced magnetic field (IMF) and multiple slips on the convective MHD Casson nanofluid flow over an elongating sheet with Brownian motion and thermophoresis effects. Heat source/sink, non-linear radiation, and suction/injection impacts are added to strengthen the study. The governing equations are framed with the above assumptions and converted from PDE to ODE using a suitable transformation. The MATLAB solver “bvp5c” is engaged to solve the governing equations and the results are depicted through graphs and tables. Moreover, a good agreement is found while comparing these results with pre-existing results. It is established that an increase in the Casson fluid parameter diminishes the fluid's velocity. Also, the induced magnetic field plays a vital role in decreasing the speed of the fluid. Further, with an increase in the double-diffusive parameters, the temperature rises. As the chemical process and Schmidt number parameter elevate, the concentration drops. The convective parameter and the velocity slip parameter both enhance skin friction. The Nusselt number rises when the Prandtl number gets larger. This investigation makes major contributions to reactor safety devices, crystal growth in liquids, chemical-catalyzed reactors, geophysics, solar technology, etc.

Couple-stress nanofluid flow comprising gyrotactic microbes subject to convective boundary conditions: Numerical solution

Couple-stress nanofluids have multiple potential applications in numerous industrial and engineering sectors, such as energy production, medical diagnostics, thermal control systems, and the aerospace industry. Couple-stress nanofluids have the ability to improve the heat exchange properties and elevate the performance of nuclear power plants, solar panels, and other renewable energy sources. Therefore, in the current analysis, a non-homogeneous nanofluid model is considered to examine the non-Newtonian Casson nanofluid flow across a prolonging sheet. The flow has been studied under the significance of generalized Fourier’s and Fick’s laws, convective boundary conditions, and the heat source/sink. The modeled equations are simplified into a dimensionless lowest-order system of ordinary differential equations by using similarity transformation. The numerical outcomes are achieved by using the “ND-Solve” approach. It has been noticed that the energy field decreases because of the Prandtl number’s impacts, whereas it increases with the increase in the heat radiation parameter. The couple-stress nanoliquid’s velocity decreases vs increasing values of the magnetic field and mixed convection parameter. The influence of thermal relaxation and couple-stress parameters falls off the energy field. Furthermore, the intensifying effect of Rayleigh number and buoyancy ratio increases the fluid temperature.

Analysis of MHD Casson Nanofluid Flow over a Nonlinearly Stretching Surface with Joule Heating, Radiation and Suction Effects

Analysis of MHD Casson Nanofluid Flow over a Nonlinearly Stretching Surface with Joule Heating, Radiation and Suction Effects