Cashew Varieties Research Articles

Sustainable livelihoods through cashew cultivation: insights from smallholder farmers in the southern region of India

Cashew cultivation has emerged as an important agricultural activity in promoting sustainable livelihoods for smallholder farmers. The present study investigates the impacts of cashew cultivation on sustainable livelihoods of smallholder farmers in the Southern region of India, addressing a significant research gap in the understanding of how this crop affects various aspects of farmers' lives. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study reveals that, cashew farming significantly increases farmers’ income, leading to improvements in food security, education, social status, and standard of living. These findings contribute to new insights into the socio-economic and environmental dimensions of cashew cultivation, offering a holistic understanding of its role in rural development. Additionally, the study also emphasizes the need for government policies supporting smallholders in cashew farming, including training, access to quality seeds, and best agricultural practices. Social welfare initiatives and cooperatives can improve the overall well-being of cashew farming communities. Research and development should prioritize climate-resistant cashew varieties to address environmental challenges linked to cashew cultivation. The study’s results also provide a foundation for future research and policy formulation aimed at enhancing the practice of cashew farming for sustainable livelihoods.

Sustainable ruminant nutrition in West Africa by in vitro characterization of cashew apple by-products

Cashew trees (Anacardium occidentale L.) are planted for primarily their nuts, but they also generate apples which are mostly thrown away due to their astringent taste. The current study aimed to explore the possible utilization of cashew apple by-products (CABP) in West Africa as an alternative feedstuff for small ruminants’ nutrition. To achieve this aim, five parts of cashew apple by-products (whole, up, down and middle part, and pomace) of two cashew varieties (red and yellow) were collected in two different agroecological zones (Sudanian Zone, SZ and Sudano-Guinea Zone, SZ) to be characterized for the chemical composition, including polyphenols and sugars, and the in vitro fermentation pattern. In general, the results showed that CABP characteristics depend more on sampling area than on variety. The dry matter (DM) in SZ and SGZ varied from 12.76 to 26.10 % and 7.41–22.9 %, respectively. The pomace showed the highest crude protein, lipids, and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content (SZ: 9.48, 3.94 and 31.66 % DM; SGZ: 14.03, 4.94 and 34.12 % DM, respectively) but the lowest nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) and sugar for both zones. Regarding the in vitro fermentation, the organic matter degradability (dOM) was higher in the middle part (73.73 %) and whole apple (61.62 %) of SZ and SGZ, respectively. In contrast, the pomace from both zones showed the lowest in vitro fermentation parameters. The total polyphenols were more concentrated in the CABP from SZ (whole: 2736 μg/g DW; pomace: 3813 μg/g DW) compared to those from SGZ (whole: 1755 μg/g DW; pomace: 1374 μg/g DW). Results suggest that CABP should be collected in each cultivation zone regardless of variety, separating pomace from other by-products and may be used as alternative feedstuff for small ruminants during the dry season in the West Africa region.

Effect of two amendments on seedling growth of two cashew varieties

Cashew, Anacardium occidentale L., is considered a promising crop for many regions in Colombia, requiring further research on new varieties and technologies. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of two organic amendments on two cashew varieties under nursery conditions in Puerto Carreño, Vichada department. A factorial experiment (3 organic amendment treatments x 2 varieties) with 4 replications was conducted. The treatments for the first factor were: chicken manure (30%), bovine manure (30%), and no amendment. The varieties used were Yucao and Mapiria. Emergence, survival, and morphometric variables such as stem length, stem diameter, and number of leaves were evaluated, as well as disease incidence and severity. Results showed that seedling emergence and survival were more influenced by the addition of organic amendments than by varieties. Stem length of cashew seedlings was influenced by the addition of bovine and chicken manure and their interaction with the two varieties until week 7, while stem diameter was influenced until the end of the nursery cycle. Neither variety nor treatment influenced the number of leaves. Anthracnose was primarily influenced by the variety factor, with Mapiria being more susceptible to both disease incidence and severity. Overall, both organic amendments had a significant effect on the development of cashew seedlings in both varieties studied.

Assessment of adaptability of cashew varieties to changing environmental conditions of Odisha

The present challenges faced due to climate change necessitates the development of cashew varieties with wider adaptability for nut yield. This study was therefore undertaken to assess the performance of twenty-five varieties of cashew for nut yield, stability and adaptability over six years. Statistical analysis indicated presence of significant differences among the varieties for their mean performances for nut yield. The genotype-environment interaction was also highly significant. Stability in nut yield was predicted using both parametric and non-parametric measures. Among the varieties BPP-8 recorded highest nut yield (11.81 kg tree−1) over six years followed by Vengurla-7 (10.12 kg tree−1) and Bhaskara (7.47 kg tree−1). However, average sum of ranks computed by integrating all the parametric and non-parametric stability measures indicated that the varieties Bhubaneswar-1, Vengurla-4 and Dhana recorded consistency for nut yield over six years. Interrelationship analysis among the parametric measures indicated Wricke (Wi2) measures had a total correspondence with Shukla (σ2i) statistic, while among the non-parametric measures, highest positive correlation was observed between Si(6) and NP(4) (r = 0.97) followed by Si(1) and Si(2). Nut yield was highly positively correlated to bi, Si(1) and Si(2). Thus, the measures Wi2, σ2i, Si(6) and NP(4) are useful to predict the genetic stability for nut yield in cashew. The cashew variety Bhubaneswar-1 was found to be stable with relatively high average yield over changing environmental conditions and can be considered as a stable variety for cultivation in Odisha.

Pollen morphological study and temperature effect on the pollen germination of cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) varieties

Temperature is one of the main environmental factors that affects plant growth and development. Flowering phenology mainly pollination is highly sensitive to temperature extremes. Thus, pollen tests can be used as a tool to screen temperature tolerant crops. In present study, the in vitro pollen germination method was used for screening cashew varieties at different temperatures. The pollens of five cashew varieties comprising three early (VRI-3, Vengurla-4 and Ullal-3), one mid (Bhaskara) and one late (Madakkathara-2) were screened in field (in vivo) as well as at controlled temperatures from 5 to 50°C. The morphological features of pollen grains were also studied using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Significant differences in polar axis (P), equatorial axis (E) and P/E ratio were observed among five cashew varieties. Early varieties had high P and E. Pollen germination under in vivo was high for early types with optimum temperature (Topt) of 25°C while it was low in mid and late types with Topt of 30°C. The in vitro study further confirmed this finding, pollen germination at 25°C was 75% in early types while it was 57.8 and 50.5% for mid and late types respectively at 30°C. However, mid and late varieties exhibited better tolerance to high temperature beyond 40°C suggesting their wider adaptability to high temperature. The high reducing sugars mainly glucose and fructose in pollens of early varieties may be correlated to high pollen germination in response to temperature. Overall, the varietal differences in pollen behaviour can be used to select cashew varieties for evaluating their adaptability to temperature extremes during flowering across various regions.

Effects of Climatic Factors On Different Cashew (Anacardium Occidentale L.) Varieties

To know the impacts of climate change on cashew production, the correlation study of different climatic factors and growth and reproductive characters of different released varieties of cashew was conducted. Grafted plants of 24 released cashew varieties developed by different cashew research stations of India were planted at the semi arid regions of West Bengal, India in 2010.Maximum temperature and relative humidity during the pre-flowering stage has strong positive correlation with flowering intensity. Relative humidity is the major factor influencing different reproductive characters of cashew nut. Vengurla-7, Bhaskara, Ullal-3, BPP-8 and Madakkathara-II were found to be suitable for the semi arid climate.The varieties Like Bhaskara, Vengurla-7, VRI-3, BPP-6, Madakkathara-1, Kanaka, Vengurla-1, Vengurla-6, Ulla-3 and UN-50 are the varieties which were found to be more susceptible to yield loss due to less relative humidity (%) and it is better to recommend those varieties for the coastal areas. NRCC-2, Jhargram-1, Vengurla-4, BPP-4, Ullal-4, Madakkathara-2, Bhubaneswar-1, K-22-1, Chintamani-1, Goa-1, BPP-8 and Dhana may be recommended for the places where relative humidity is less during the fruiting period. Bangladesh J. Bot. 51(3): 527-539, 2022 (September)

Screening of cashew varieties to identify tolerant or resistance types against apple and nut borer, Citripestis eutraphera (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in maidan parts of Karnataka, India

Screening of cashew varieties to identify tolerant or resistance types against apple and nut borer, Citripestis eutraphera (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in maidan parts of Karnataka, India

Changes in Growth and Developmental Stages of Nuts of Selected Cashew (Anacardium occidentale) Varieties in West Coast Region of Karnataka

Changes in Growth and Developmental Stages of Nuts of Selected Cashew (Anacardium occidentale) Varieties in West Coast Region of Karnataka

Effect of Two Drying Methods on the Bioactive Cashew Apple Varieties Consumed in the City of Garoua (Northern Cameroon)

Aims: The cashew tree (family Anacardiaceae) grows widely in many parts of African countries, including Cameroon. Its fruit and nut are used for food and several studies have shown their beneficial effects on health. This work aimed to evaluate the impact of two drying methods on the content of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity.
 Methodology: Four varieties (VAR 1, VAR 2, VAR 3, VAR 4) of cashew apple samples were collected and drying using sun-dried and oven-dried to a constant weight, and then ground in a blender to a powder, the fresh one was cut up and crushed in a blender. All sample were reconstituted with distilled water and polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids contents, and antioxidant activity through different mechanisms (DPPH radical, FRAP and TAC assays) were assessed.
 Results: Alkaloids ranged from 1.50 mg EQui/g MF to 5.69 mg EQui/g DM for fresh and oven-dried VAR 1 respectively, polyphenols ranged from 786.15 mg EAG/g MF to 2836.92 mg EAG/g DM for fresh and oven-dried VAR 1 respectively, flavonoids ranged from 8.18 mg EAG/g MF to 295.45 mg EAG/g DM for fresh and oven-dried VAR 2 respectively. TAC values ranged from 13.09 mg EAA/g MF to 67.06 mg EAA/g for fresh and oven-dried VAR3 and VAR2 respectively. The highest DPPH radical scavenging value (86.25%) was obtained with fresh VAR 4 and the lowest (25.67%) with fresh VAR 1. The highest ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) was obtained with fresh VAR 1 and VAR 3 (0.27 mg AAE/g MF) and the lowest with VAR 3 and VAR 4 oven-dried (0.23 mg AAE/g MF).
 Conclusion: In conclusion, the different cashew varieties studied in this work are a good source of antioxidants. The drying method significantly affects bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities. A weak but not significant correlation was obtained between the number of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities.

Broadening the Gene Pool of Cashew (Anacardium occidentale) for Survival and Precocity

The narrow genetic base of cashew cultivars limits productivity. A germplasm exploration survey (2006–2008) was undertaken to select high-yielding cashew trees (candidate trees) on farmer’s fields across three contrasting agro-ecological zones over a longitude of 6° S and 10° N and a latitude of 4° W and 2° E. High-yielding trees (candidate plus trees) from different zones were grafted and evaluated (2009–2015) with four best clones recommended for farmers for survival, vigor, nut yield and nut weight at Bole (marginal environment) and Wenchi (near-optimal environment) using RCBD with four replications. Shannon–Weiner diversity index (H′) for nut yield among candidate trees was higher (p < 0.001) in the semi-deciduous zone (3.0) than Forest transition (2.6) and Guinea savannah (2.5) zones. There were significant clone × location interaction effects for all traits. Survival ranged from 26.1 to 90%, while nut yields varied from 160.8 to 825 kg/ha/year. The genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation for various traits ranged from 12.6–59.01 to 6.23–18% while heritability (h2bs) and genetic gains varied from 0.21–0.48 to 5.0–39%, respectively. The genotypic correlation coefficients between traits at Bole and Wenchi varied from 0.33–0.98 to 0.07–0.77 respectively. Based on survival and precocity traits at Bole, the top five best-performing clones were BAMBOI7, BAME7, IDDM29, KT4, and KT5 collected from farmer’s fields. The identified clones constitute a suitable genetic resource pool for breeding resilient cashew varieties to increase production.

Potentials of two varieties of cashew apple pulp as feedstuff for ruminants

The study was aimed at assessing the effects of two varieties of cashew (Anacardium occidentale) apple pulp as feedstuff for ruminants. Samples of the yellow and red varieties of cashew apple pulp were collected, processed and analysed for mineral, crude fiber fraction and pH. Results showed that sodium value in red variety was significantly higher (P&lt;0.05) than that of the yellow variety. Potassium value in red variety was significantly higher (P&lt;0.01) than that of the yellow variety. Values for calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus in the yellow variety were significantly higher (P&lt;0.01) than those of the red variety. Values for cellulose, hemicelluloses and neutral detergent fibre in the red variety were significantly higher (P&lt;0.01) than those of the yellow variety. Acid Detergent Lignin value for the yellow variety was significantly higher (P&lt;0.01) than that of the red variety. Values for acid detergent fibre, crude protein, carbohydrate and pH were not significantly affected (P&gt;0.05). Yellow cashew apple pulp from the results of this study is richer in minerals when compared to the red variety. Results from the crude fibre fraction suggest that the yellow cashew apple pulp variety may have a better digestibility when compared to the red variety. Although the values of the various parameters from the 2 varieties show that they are fit to be used as feeding stuff for ruminants, the yellow variety appears to be better on the general basis.

Performance of cashew (Anacardium occidentale) varieties under different planting density for growth and yield traits

Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L) is an important tropical tree crop revered for its economic and nutritional needs. The demand for cashew is increasing significantly in both domestic and international markets. Planting density and tree canopy influence the yield performances of tree crops. Planting of trees at higher densities in orchards offers high yield potential. In the current study, a field experiment was conducted to study the effect of planting density on growth and yield of different varieties of cashew during 2013-14 to 2017-18. The three varieties, viz. H-130, NRCC Sel. 2 and Bhaskara were planted at three different planting systems, viz. ultra density (2.5 × 2.5 m), high density (5.0 × 5.0 m) and normal density (7.5 × 7.5 m) and evaluated for growth and yield traits. The heading back was carried out in ultra density planting during the last week of May in all the years. The results revealed significant differences for yield and related traits among cashew varieties under different plant densities. The maximum yield was recorded in variety H-130 planted at 2.5 × 2.5 m spacing during second year (1248 kg/ha), third year (2234 kg/ha) and fourth (2432 kg/ha) year of planting and minimum (154 kg/ha) was observed in variety Bhaskara at 2.5 × 2.5 m spacing. The variety H-130 performed well in all the three different planting systems compare to NRCC Sel. 2 and Bhaskara due to positive response of pruning.

The hydraulic redistribution on cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) at nursery stage

Cashew plants can distribute soil water vertically from waterier subsoil to drier topsoil, called as hydraulic lift (HL). There is no report on its ability to distribute soil water laterally or hydraulic redistribution (HR). This study was conducted at ISMCRI greenhouse from March-October 2018. Cashew varieties B-02 were planted in pot, then set in three treatments : (1) two parts of the roots in water sufficient (WW), (2) one part of the roots in drought stress and one part in water sufficient (WD), and (3) both parts of the roots put in drought stress conditions (DD). The study was arranged in a complete randomized design, nine replications. The results showed proportion of root biomass in drought stress to total root biomass was relatively same between WD and DD (0.4). The soil moisture value in WD plants were significantly higher than that of DD (1-3%) for 7 days period. Water status in plant tissue presented by the leaf water potential, showed the same tendency. The leaf water potential value of WD plants was between DD and WW. These indicated that cashew plants possessed HR ability, being able to transfer soil water laterally and maintained relatively high soil moisture in the roots.

Growth and Yield Characters of Two Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) Cultivars at Different Ages in Baubau City, South-East Sulawesi Province

Baubau City is one of the cashew (Anarcadium occidentale L.) producer area in Southeast Sulawesi with area of 820 ha. This large area of cashew cultivation was not compensated with the productivity caused of low production. An effort to overcome this problem is identifying the growth and yield characters of cashew to apply the good agricultural practices for cashew plantation. The objective of this research was to determine the growth and yield of two cashew varieties at different tree ages; and to identify the relationship between the characters and the productivity of cashew trees in Baubau City. This research was arranged by oversite design with 2 varieties (the cashew with red pseudo-fruit and the cashew with yellow pseudo-fruit), 4 ages of cashew plant (5 years old, 17 years old, 26 years old, 37 years old) and 5 replications. The results showed that both varieties had no significantly different on growth and yield characters. At 37 years old, cashew trees still demonstrated the increasing of the productivity due to the increasing of growth and yield component i.e. plant biomass, the number of flower, the number of cashew nut per plant and cashew nut weight per kernel.

Modulation in certain biochemical constituents of cashew as influenced by tea mosquito bug Helopeltis antonii

The tea mosquito bug (TMB) Helopeltis antonii Signoret is a major constraint in cashew cultivation. Exploring host plant resistance will open up new avenues to manage this. The present study is the on biochemical changes occurring in four cashew varieties belonging to highly susceptible and less susceptible categories towards tea mosquito bug. The results reveal that total leaf protein was found to be more in the less susceptible variety Damodar (0.9925 mg g−1) and the least with the highly susceptible Madakkathara-1 (0.6729 mg g−1). Likewise, the total phenol and tannin were more in the less susceptible Damodar (69.834 mg g−1 and 4.276 mg g−1, respectively) and Raghav (67.207 mg g−1 and 4.420 mg g−1, respectively); with the least values being in the highly susceptible Anagha and Madakkathara-1. The activity of polyphenol oxidase was more in Damodar (0.003158 EU g−1min−1) and the least with Anagha (0.001406 EU g−1min−1). These observations on the biochemical changes conclude that there is significant variation in the infestation reactions of TMB in the highly susceptible and less susceptible cashew varieties. Also, the defensive molecules such as tannin, phenols and the defensive enzymes like polyphenol oxidase and phenyl alanine lyase were more in the less susceptible varieties Damodar and Raghav.

Evaluation of cashew varieties for RTS beverage and jam

Cashew apple, weighing 8–10 times that of nut is usually wasted even though it is highly nutritious, with a few exceptions in places like Goa. The present study conducted at Cashew Research Station, Madakkathara, during 2016–17, aimed at screening varieties suitable for the preparation of cashew apple RTS drink and jam. Thirteen cashew varieties were selected for the study of which twelve varieties released from Kerala Agricultural University namely Madakathara 2, Damodhar, Amrutha, Poornima, Priyanka, Sulabha, Kanaka, Panama, K-22-1, Dharasree, Dhana and Raghav, and one variety Vridhachalam-3 from Tamil Nadu Agricultural University), and products were prepared. The qualitative analysis of fresh cashew apple, products and sensory evaluation of the two products using 9-point Hedonic scale were carried out. The results revealed that the variety Vridhachalam-3 contained the highest TSS (14.2 oB); Amrutha, the lowest amount of tannin (0.23%); Panama, the lowest titrable acidity (0.25%); Sulabha, the highest vitamin C (295.70mg/100g) and K-22-1, the maximum juice yield (95.75%). When products were subjected to qualitative analysis, it was found that for RTS drink, variety Dhana gave the maximum TSS (23.2 oB); K-22-1, Amrutha, Dharasree and Madakkathara-2, the minimum acidity (0.26%) and K-22-1, the highest vitamin C (61.72 mg/100g). In case of jam the variety Dharasree had the highest TSS (80 oB), Amrutha, Raghav and Poornima had the minimum titrable acidity (0.26%) and Panama had the highest vitamin C (18.60mg/100g).

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Mechanical Properties of Cashew Nut Under Compression Loading at Varied Moisture Contents

In the present study, the moisture-dependent mechanical properties, i.e. rupture force, deformation and rupture energy along three different axes (i.e. L, B, T), of the cashew (Anacardium occidentale) varieties (Vengurle 1, Vengurle 3, Vengurle 4 and Vengurle 7) were studied at 17–85% db under compression loading. The rupture force decreases linearly (r2 ≥ 0.752) with the increase in moisture content from 17 to 85% db, for Vengurle 1 along length, width and thickness of 15,080–3467, 17,000–4275 and 21,014–3388 g; for Vengurle 3 along length, width and thickness of 25,090–4031, 26,000–3851, 31,256–3449 g; for Vengurle 4 along length, width and thickness of 22,000–3342, 21,000–3360, 27,000–3725 g; for Vengurle 7 along length, width and thickness of 20,900–5542, 25,080–5542 and 29,000–7009 g, respectively. The deformation at rupture increases linearly (r2 ≥ 0.671) with the increase in moisture content from 17 to 85% db, for Vengurle 1 along length, width and thickness of 2.1–2.98, 2.42–3.56 and 3.4–6.21 mm; for Vengurle 3 along length, width and thickness of 2.8–4.73, 2.65–4.3 and 4.21–6.16 mm; for Vengurle 4 along length, width and thickness of 4.2–6.89; 2.81–5.35 and 5.6–6.7 mm; for Vengurle 7 along length, width and thickness of 4.56–7.8, 3.2–5.56 and 6.2–7.27 mm, respectively. The rupture energy decreases linearly (r2 ≥ 0.720) with increase in moisture content from 17 to 85% db for Vengurle 1 along length, width and thickness of 143–36.58, 108–56 and 123–80.38 mJ; for Vengurle 3 along length, width and thickness of 271–59.54; 82.00–33.68 and 265–101 mJ; for Vengurle 4 along length, width and thickness of 136–80.96, 58.54–23.32 and 154–96.74 mJ; for Vengurle 7 along length, width and thickness of 273–98.26, 123–21.22 and 255–151 mJ, respectively. The rupture force was higher along thickness and decreases along width and length, and it was maximum for Vengurle 3 followed by Vengurle 7, Vengurle 4 and Vengurle 1. The deformation at rupture was higher along the thickness and decreases along width and thickness and was maximum at Vengurle 7 followed by Vengurle 4, Vengurle 3 and Vengurle 1, respectively. The rupture energy was higher at length for Vengurle 7 and decreases at Vengurle 3, followed by Vengurle 1 and Vengurle 4 along length of the cashew nut.

Performance of released cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) varieties under hot and humid climatic zone of Odisha

The wide gap between the present level of productivity and potential productivity (2 ton ha-1) of cashew nut in the country as well as in the state of Odisha is due to use of traditional varieties of low yield potential and non adoption of scientific orchard management practices. To address the issue of low productivity of cashew in the state, a multi locational trial was laid out during the year 2008 using clonal planting materials of twenty five released cashew varieties collected from different co-operating centres of AICRP on Cashew, India. The collected grafted plants were planted at a spacing of 7.5 m x 7.5 m following Randomized Block Design (RBD) having six plants per treatment and replicated twice. Recommended package of practices were adopted uniformly to raise a good crop. Data recorded on various vegetative growth parameters, yield attributing traits and nut yield of different cashew varieties revealed that Vengurla-7 recorded maximum for the vegetative parameters like tree height (5.45m), trunk girth (84.05cm) and canopy spread in North-South direction (8.75m) while canopy spread in East-West direction was recorded maximum in variety, BPP-8(8.75m). Maximum number of flowering laterals m-2 was recorded in variety, Chintamani-1(28.87) while BPP-8 recorded maximum nuts m-2(46.0). Number of nuts panicle-1 recorded maximum in variety, Bhubaneswar-1 (9.0). Nut weight(9.6 g) as well as kernel weight(3.02g) was recorded maximum in variety, Vengurla-7. Variety, Kanaka recorded highest shelling(32.76%) among the tested varieties. Nut yield was significantly maximum in variety, BPP-8 (16.75 kg plant-1) while that of lowest in variety Jharagram-1(1.60kg plant-1) at 7th harvest. TSS was recorded maximum in variety Bhubaneswar-1 while acidity was maximum in variety, Vengurla-4(0.22%). Yield is the ultimate target for any evaluation programme. From the study, it is be concluded that among the twenty five tested released varieties, BPP-8 was the best performing cashew variety under hot and humid climatic zone of Odisha.

Evaluation of locked nucleic acid and TaqMan probes for specific detection of cashew nut in processed food by real time PCR

Cashew (Anacardium occidentale) nut can trigger serious reactions in allergic patients, including anaphylaxis and death. Labelling the presence of cashew nuts in food products is mandatory and consequently, sensitive and specific analytical methods must be developed. In this study, Ana o allergen coding sequences have been sequenced in several cashew varieties. Two hydrolysis probes, locked nucleic acid (LNA) and TaqMan, have been designed and their efficiency, sensitivity, limit of detection and specificity for Ana o 1 coding-sequence detection have been compared. Reliable Real Time PCR assays to detect and quantify up to 10 ppm of cashew nuts in complex mixtures have been developed. Moreover, the influence of boiling and autoclave treatment on cashew nut detectability has been analysed by qPCR, showing both probes similar performance. This analytical method was able to detect up to 1000 ppm with good functionality in autoclave treated samples. Boiling did not affect cashew nut detectability. Both hydrolysis probes are suitable for Ana o 1 coding sequence detection. Applicability of the assay has been studied by analysing several food products, and comparing the results with those of a commercial ELISA kit.