Cash Services Research Articles

Влияние бизнес-модели коммерческого банка на организацию работы с корпоративными клиентами

The study focuses on a business model that fully defines the approaches and methods of work of a commercial bank with corporate customers. The customer base of particular credit institutions changed considerably in 2022–2023, while the structure of the cumulative balance did not experience profound changes. Thus, PJSC JSCB Avangard’s focus on corporate services led to substantial changes in the liability structure, causing an outflow of funds from individuals. The authors analyzed the business model of Avangard in comparison with the activities of banks operating under the Tochka brand. The financial strategy of Avangard is to increase risk-free (transaction) income and liquid assets on the balance sheet while reducing the accepted credit risk. A special feature of the business model of Avangard is the fact that the majority shareholder takes an active part in resolving not only strategic but also major operational issues. Avangard is a member of a large financial group, which includes organizations in the agricultural, industrial, economic, and investment sectors and services their functioning, without placing much emphasis on attracting clients external to the group. According to the study, the business model of working with corporate customers of the classical bank PJSC JSCB Avangard has the main advantage of maintaining its traditionalism, while also being flexible in digital development, immediately adapting to the turbulence of the financial market, and developing its technological effectiveness. This model of a classic bank, focused on the quality of cash services, will be in demand among corporate customers in the coming years, and, perhaps, even more viable than the Tochka ecosystem models. The shortcomings of the business model of Avangard are the low level of involvement in the competition for servicing small and medium-sized businesses corporate segment, which is reflected in unfavorable tariffs, underdeveloped affiliate programs and digital areas of banking business, in comparison with the activities of Tinkoff Bank JSC, VTB Bank (PJSC), Alfa-Bank JSC and Sberbank PJSC.

Budget Law Regulation of Treasury Services for the Budgets Performance of Constituent Entities of the Russian Federation and Municipal Entities

In 2021, new provisions of the budget legislation concerning treasury services for the execution of budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and municipal entities came into force. Due to the emergence of the treasury payments system, full-fledged servicing of the single budget account was carried out not by the Bank of Russia, but by the Treasury in the treasury payments system. Thus, the function of providing cash services to the budgets of the budgetary system of the Russian Federation has undergone a substantial transformation and has acquired a new name — treasury service of the budgets of the budgetary system of the Russian Federation. At the same time, approaches to the establishment of budget execution options by the Treasury of Russia have been changed in terms of implementation of certain functions of the financial bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation (municipal entities) for the budget performance.The paper examines the ways how the budgetary and legal tasks that arose during the introduction of treasury services for the execution of budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation (municipal entities) were solved.

The role of the state treasury service in solving problem issues of control over the execution of the state budget of Ukraine

The paper reveals the role and problems of determining the peculiarities of solving the problems of the State Treasury Service of Ukraine to ensure control over the implementation of the state budget of Ukraine as one of the conditions for the development of a modern democratic society. In this area, a rather important role is played by the State Treasury Service, which has been working in the field of public finances since the first days of its operation, and aims to achieve a clear and well-organized control over funds, which will certainly put a lid on their misuse. The state treasury, whose purpose is to serve people and through which economic and social issues are to be resolved, is worthless if there is no order in the circulation of its funds. Currently, our country uses the treasury system of cash service of state and local budgets. Its functioning makes it possible, on the basis of clearly defined amounts of real needs, to optimize budget flows in the most rational way, to ensure uninterrupted financing of all participants in budget relations, to execute the budget transparently and efficiently. The organization of a set of measures to ensure the full and timely implementation of the state budget revenue and expenditure plan is extremely important for the organization of the life activities of our state. The Treasury in its activities is guided by the Constitution and laws of Ukraine, decrees of the President of Ukraine and resolutions of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine adopted in accordance with the Constitution and laws of Ukraine, acts of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, other acts of legislation, as well as instructions of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine and the Minister of Finance. The State Treasury Service of Ukraine performs important functions in servicing the revenues of the state and local budgets. These functions include work on the recording of budget revenues, their distribution and return, as well as accounting for these operations and control over their implementation. It is safe to say that the introduction of treasury service of state and local budgets contributed to the strengthening of discipline in the financial sphere.

ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННЫЕ МЕХАНИЗМЫ РАСЧЕТНО-КАССОВОГО ОБСЛУЖИВАНИЯ В БАНКЕ

At the moment, being in the market of commercial banks, we are facing increasing competition. The study of the organization of cash services in the bank seems relevant, since most of the operations and settlement mechanisms of economic entities are carried out in a cashless manner through banking structures. The issue of choosing a banking structure in which an economic entity will be serviced at a suitable tariff is becoming increasingly important. The article presents the regulatory regulation in relation to cash services; the list of the main services included in the package of settlement and cash services has been formed. The main criteria for choosing a bank to connect a salary project are considered; the mechanisms for providing self-collection and acquiring services are analyzed. The strengths and weaknesses of the offered banking products are revealed.

Современные проблемы организации расчётно-кассового обслуживания юридических лиц коммерческими банками на рынке цифровых финансовых технологий и инноваций

At this point, the bank's services of settlement and cash transactions on the orders of legal entities are imperfect. There are problems that need to be solved. Improving the quality of service to enterprises in credit institutions will lead not only to improvement of the legal entity's activities and its loyalty increase, but also to profit increase of the credit institution itself due to larger funds turnover that it can use to carry out active banking operations. Besides, the number of customers will increase who will conclude banking agreement, and will accordingly bring additional funds. The immediate purpose of the activity of any credit institution is to make a profit, after all. The purpose of the study is to identify modern problems of settlement and cash servicing of legal entities by commercial banks in the market of digital financial technologies and innovations. Materials and methods used are: statistical data analysis, questionnaires and surveys, expert interviews, literature review, comparative analysis, use of analytical tools, and collection of user experience data. As a result, modern problems of settlement and cash services of legal entities by commercial banks in the market of digital financial technologies and innovations were identified. Banking sector evolution and active introduction of digital innovations have positive impact on the economy and the level of customer loyalty, especially enterprises. Thus, modern banking services for legal entities are undergoing fundamental changes, and successful banks are striving to adapt their services and processes on the basis of the latest technologies and customer needs. Banks and legal entities should actively work on innovative solutions, improving cybersecurity, compliance with legislation and adaptation to the changing financial landscape. Understanding and responding to these challenges are the key factors for successful cash and settlement services in the market of digital financial technologies and innovations.

Optimization of the structure of modern money circulation in the context of the role of cash payments

Introduction. The dynamics of the economic development of any country largely depends on the state and efficiency of money circulation, the functioning of which could not be untouched by modern trends of virtualization of the economic environment and digitalization of interaction between market entities. Under such circumstances, determining the role and place of cash payments in the general system of monetary relations, the development of which is significantly influenced by digital technologies, should be considered as an urgent task in the view of maintaining the stability of monetary circulation as one of the important tasks of the state regulatory policy.Purpose. Research of the conditions of organization and ensuring the stability of modern money circulation, taking into account the role and place of cash in it. Proving the impossibility of completely replacing cash with non-cash payments in modern conditions.Methods. General scientific and empirical techniques and tools of economics, methods of analysis and synthesis, comparison, compilation and grouping are used.Results. Despite the development of modern banking technologies and the spread of non-cash payments, it is premature to talk about the complete replacement of cash with electronic money. Cash and non-cash forms of money circulation will coexist for a long time. Cash remains an important instrument of payments, taking into account a number of shortcomings inherent in electronic payments. The possibilities of implementing the concept of “cashless society” in practice are currently unattainable, and cash retains a number of advantages over the other payment instruments. Therefore, proper providing of cash flow in the economy is a necessary condition for financial stability and efficiency of the organization of money circulation.Prospects. Studying, taking into account the experience of the banking systems of developed countries, possible directions for improving the organization of cash circulation by bettering the technical conditions of banks, minimizing cash service costs and creating optimal opportunities for all economic agents to freely choose the forms and methods of using money as means of payment.

RISKS OF THE BANKING SYSTEM OF UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF MARTIAL LAW

Introduction. The peculiarities of the manifestations of credit, market and currency risks, liquidity risks and risks of "state failure" for the functioning of the banking system of Ukraine in the conditions of martial law were examined the article. Recommendations are offered for minimizing existing risks and restoring the functionality of the banking system in the context of performing financial intermediation functions. Methods. Traditional methods of scientific knowledge were used in the article. In particular, methods of analysis and synthesis, as well as a graphic method for visualization and comparison of trends of certain indicators, were used to study the main trends of the risks of banking activity under martial law. Methods of generalization and abstraction were used to formulate recommendations for minimizing banking risks during martial law. Results. In the course of the study, it was proved that the credit risk in the conditions of martial law is minimal for the banking system of Ukraine, because as a result of ineffective monetary policy, the credit burden on the national economy is minimal and insufficient for its recovery. The negative impact of currency and market risks on the functioning of the banking system of Ukraine is substantiated. It is proved that due to the use of the monetary regime of inflation targeting, the banking system of Ukraine has lost the ability to implement the investment function and the functions of financial intermediation in general. Disscussion. As a result of the state of war and the negative expectations of economic agents, the short-term deposit base of banks will increase, and the volume of deposits will decrease, which may lead to a liquidity crisis in the banking system, however, the uninterrupted functioning of the banking system of Ukraine in terms of settlement and cash services will be preserved due to the high level of concentration of capital and banking assets owned by the state. In order to minimize the negative impact of banking risks, the NBU should resort to the use of mechanisms for targeted cheap long-term refinancing of banks under specific economic development programs, which will allow restoring the intermediary functions of the banking system. Keywords: credit risk, currency risk, liquidity risk, market risk, “state failure” risk, refinancing, lending, monetary policy.

An Assessment Of Mobile Money Service Adoption In Ghana

Mobile money in Ghana has opened diverse opportunities in the financial sector and has become the catalyst in financial inclusion in emerging economies. The study adopted the survey methodology and limited to the two commercial banks in Ghana (to be identified as Bank A and Bank B), with a sampling size of 188 using the convenience sampling technique. The findings revealed consumer demands for mobile cash services are varied activities like withdrawing of cash among others, as it remains key reasons for the adoption of mobile money service in banks. Furthermore, stakeholders in mobile money and providers of mobile money considers customers' intent to use mobile money and its associated challenges to improve its use and encourage its general acceptance within the banking sector. The study suggests that, to boost growth and adoption, it is imperative to have guidelines that supports the ease and usefulness of mobile money service adoption.

Improvement of Cash and Settlement Services of Legal Entities to Ensure Competitiveness of Commercial Banks in the Regional Market

Improvement of Cash and Settlement Services of Legal Entities to Ensure Competitiveness of Commercial Banks in the Regional Market

MOBILE MONEY: CONCEPT AND BENEFITS AND CHALLENGES ASSOCIATED WITH MOBILE MONEY

Mobile money could be a recent innovation that gives money dealings services via transportable, as well as to the unbanked international poor. The technology has unfolded speedily within the developing world, “leapfrogging” the availability of formal banking services by finding the issues of weak institutional infrastructure and also the value structure of typical banking. Mobile money may be a technology for grouping, saving, and pocket money on a mobile phone. Mobile cash may be a common various to cash and banks as a result of a transportable signal is simple to use, safe, and use anyplace. These users can win monetary lives, magnified monetary inclusion, economic direction, and economic process. This review provides a summary of the processes and impacts of mobile cash transfers in the developing world as well as the advantages and challenges facing this new technology. Over the past decade, mobile cash services have become a current tool in some developing economies, allowing people to interact with cash digitally while they do not have formal bank accounts.

The Banking Sector's Financial Performance in January-July 2021: Profit Growth

In January-July 2021, the banking sector’s profit hit the record-high of Rb1.4 trillion on the back of a pickup in lending volumes and simultaneous reduction in loan-loss provisions. Growth in revenues from commission operations owing to increased income from settlement and cash services and intermediary services on the financial market had a positive impact on the consolidated financial result.

Технология эквайринга и проблемы его регулирования в России

This paper examines the evolution of merchant acquiring in Russia. Initially, the term was purely professional and meant the involvement of “service points” in accepting cards. Today it denotes the whole range of business for the creation and development of the infrastructure of non-cash settlement and cash services in trade and service enterprises using payment cards. Technological innovation has spurred the development of acquiring tools. However, today, when the number of non-cash transactions is steadily growing and has almost reached the number of transactions using cash, the issue of acquiring fees is still a burning issue between retail and banks. The authors consider the positions of the two parties to the dispute, and also draw conclusions about the possible consequences if the requirements of retail or banks are satisfied.

DETERMINANTS OF THE FINANCIAL SERVICES MARKET FUNCTIONING IN THE ERA OF THE INFORMATIONAL ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT

The financial services market is an integral part of the national economy of any country. This causes the existence of the objectively available interconnection between the said systems. That is why, by the transformation of the outlined market, some changes in the functioning of the national economy and vice versa take place. The outlined processes become the most comprehensible in the process of studying of issues of the financial services market development in the environment of the active introduction of the information technology by financial companies in their work, that is, generally in the era of the information economy development. That is why, in view of the above, within the work, the purpose of the study was defined as follows: the identification and substantiation of the determinants of the financial services market transformation within the information economy. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set and solved: to define the essence of the information technology market; to identify the nature of the information economy; to substantiate the advantages of information technologies introducing in the field of the financial services for their consumers and producers; to find out the main transformational processes in the financial services market functioning, which occur as a result of the active introduction of new information technologies in the field of financial services provision. Method. The classic methods of scientific research are used in the article, among which are the following: observation, abstraction, comparison, systematic approach, analysis, and synthesis. Results. The peculiarities of the financial services market development in Ukraine are investigated; the characteristic features of the influence of the information technologies introduction in the sphere of providing the financial services on their consumers and producers activity are analysed. The main determinants of the financial services market functioning during the era of the information economy development were also identified, which include the following: the introduction of the online platforms for the customers servicing, improving the quality of the banking settlement and cash services, change in the process of granting loans to the economic actors. The reasons for such changes and their peculiarities are substantiated. Practical implications. The obtained results form the theoretical basis for the knowledge of the financial services market transformations in the process of the active development of information technologies and allow determining the basic trends of such changes. Also, the results of the study provide an opportunity to identify further trends in the changing financial services market, models of the financial intermediaries’ functioning, and use this knowledge by planning and forecasting the financial intermediaries’ activities. Value/originality. The conducted research is relevant, taking into consideration the total impact of the information technology on the development of all spheres of the society, takes into account the peculiarities of the financial services market development under the pressure of such technologies. This research was carried out within the framework of the scientific work implementation of the Department of Finance, Banking, and Insurance of Chernihiv National University of Technology (No. 0115U001149) on the topic: “Financial stability of the economic systems in the crisis conditions of management”.

АНАЛИЗ РЕЗУЛЬТАТОВ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ПАО «СБЕРБАНК РОССИИ»

Public joint-stock company (PJSC) "Sberbank of Russia" is one of the leading credit institutions in the Russian Federation. This is achieved through wise managerial decisions and a successful management system. PJSC "Sberbank of Russia" is a universal commercial bank that provides its clients with more than 100 various services related to raising funds for deposits: lending, cash and settlement services, dealing, brokering, securities transactions, etc. All the main financial indicators that characterize the activities of PJSC "Sberbank of Russia" for the reporting year demonstrate a steady growth. The analysis allows to conclude that the financial state of PJSC "Sberbank of Russia" are stable, and the positions taken in the banking service market are the leading ones.

Effect of Interest Rates on Business Investment Performance of Selected Commercial Banks in Kisii Town, Kisii County, Kenya

Investors borrow money from banks and other financial institutions. The response of investment expenses changes keenly with interest rate which is at the mind of money-making analysis. Interest rates is the other strong factors that affect financial policies as well as weaker financial payments in guiding principles of investors, it facilitate investment if the high interest rate is applicable on savings. Interest rate influences savings practically all commercial banks commencing macroeconomic theories. The negative influence of higher investment rate inhibits the macroeconomic effect of interest rate policy. Interest rate is the money charged on loan of money. Investors borrow money from banks for investment. As a result of this encouragement, the bank lenders are competent to attain repayment of each and every loan by means of high prospect. As soon as it comes in the direction of mortgage contracts (if a borrower discards mortgage repayment), the loan official once more plays the central role by means of warning as well as if necessary authorize non-payment clients. Apart from the danger of advertising the security within a small number of days, they can slash off borrowers commencing extra way in to loans. The response of investment expenses changes with interest rates of having a loan from banks. The main objective of the study was to investigate the effect of interest rates on business investment performance. The specific objectives of the study was to find out the effects of cash lending on business investment, to evaluate the effects of loan repayment of on business investment performance and to examine the outcome of domestic savings on business investment performance. The literature review was viewed from other related studies. The conceptual framework had two variables according to the topic under study. The independent variable was interest rate and dependent variables were business investment. The study area was in Kisii town. The target population was all employees of 18 commercial banks more so branch managers, head of units and credit managers. The researcher was select 6 commercial banks to represent 30% of the target population 18 commercial banks. The systematic stratified sampling was used to get the sample size which was arrived at through census and it comprised of 482 respondents of commercial banks. The data were collected by questionnaires as the research instruments. Data were analyzed by the use of descriptive statistics and it was presented the analyzed in figures and frequency tables. The study wanted to investigate whether loan repayment affect investment performance the determinant of credit analysis used before granting cash services to the clients. The findings showed that there was influence of loan repayment on financial performance in banks. The study wanted to indicate techniques of credit analysis used before granting credit services to the investment and found out that Firm undertakes legal action for clients who fails to repay with the least mean of the evaluation is done on credit worthiness of clients and determinants of loan repayment in microcredit are still debatable among different researchers that might be due to situational factors like country level factors, bank level factors and the condition of legal and regulatory framework of the country. Thus, these debates can only be resolved through quantitative analysis on the determinants of loan repayments. The study suggested for further studies.

Additional Credit for Liquidity-Constrained Individuals: High-Interest Consumer Credit in Korea

ABSTRACTWe find that the delinquency probability on formal sector debts of private loan borrowers in Korea increases from 2.4% to 20% in the first year after the borrowing and to 32% in the second year. This increase happens despite private loan borrowers trying to rebuild their financial health by reducing formal sector debts, credit card cash service balances, and credit card purchases during the post-borrowing period. This limits the possibility of moral hazard driving the results. Private loan amounts are positively associated with the delinquency probability after controlling other commonly used variables, suggesting that they contain additional information on the worsening financial situation of an individual.

Does Collateral Value Affect Asset Prices? Evidence from a Natural Experiment in Texas

Assets provide many benefits in addition to their cash flow or service flow. For example, assets can be used as collateral for different types of loans. It is difficult to quantify the impact of these embedded real options on asset prices. This paper exploits law changes in Texas which legalized HELs, HELOCs and reverse mortgages beginning 1998 to study the impact of collateral value on house prices. Texas house prices rose an extra 2-5% over 5-7 years after the laws. Prices rose 1.6-3.4% more in zip codes with relatively inelastic housing supply.

P016 BASHH MSM SIG Clinic Survey; Holistic and inclusive care

Background/introduction MSM experience a disproportionate burden of ill health in relation to sexual health, mental health and substance use. Aim(s)/objectives Our aim was to investigate practice across the UK in aspects of the clinical care of MSM where evidence is absent, or guidance varies. Methods An online questionnaire was distributed to BASHH, FSRH members and CSP audit sites for one month to 31 st October 2015. Questions covered assessment of risk factors for STIs and HIV and other elements of holistic care. Results There were 149 complete responses. A written policy on obtaining a history of alcohol or recreational drug use was reported by 62% and 66% of respondents respectively. 58% and 57% had a documented pathway for alcohol or drug use problems. 67% had dedicated services for behaviour change interventions, but only 20% had dedicated sexual dysfunction services. HPV vaccination and PrEP were provided in some form (including with charges, or by private prescription) by 13% of clinics, but 58% and 45% reported no local discussion yet on HPV vaccination or PrEP for MSM. Support for local CaSH & Youth services in providing care for MSM was given through a formal arrangement or MCN by 30% of respondents and informally by a further 47%. Discussion/conclusion There is considerable variation in the breadth of clinical holistic care offered across the UK, suggesting missed opportunities to address the interrelated health inequalities experienced by MSM. GUM clinics may be under-utilised as a source of local expertise in the care of MSM.

P84 National hiv testing week 3: finding the hard to reach and building on success: Abstract P84 Table 1

<h3>Background/introduction</h3> The third National HIV Testing Week (NHTW) was in November 2014. <h3>Aims</h3> To build on our previous success of testing the most-at-risk populations (MARP), focusing on outreach. <h3>Methods</h3> A third sector organisation, primarily targeting gay communities, provided club and bar outreach and offered point-of-care testing (POCT) on-site and at 2 saunas. A second third sector organisation, targeting African communities, offered POCT at 6 venues, including local markets, an asylum-seeker centre, pharmacies, health centres and an African football match. CASH services offered POCT at 3 clinics across the city. GUM and Leeds City Council staff volunteered to provide outreach and testing support for the 12 different testing sites across the city. <h3>Results</h3> 167 people tested (126 in 2013, 94 in 2012). 71% were from MARPs, unchanged from 2013. 1 female black African and 1 MSM tested HIV+ve, the first HIV diagnoses resulting directly from NHTW initiatives in our city. 74% of people who tested were sensitised through community outreach. Over 90% of people tested were given advice on PEP, repeat testing, STI screening and offered condoms. <h3>Discussion</h3> Two undiagnosed HIV+ve people were identified as a result of NHTW efforts, and both are now in HIV care. A greater population, including those from MARPs tested. Of the MARPs, a higher percentage were testing for the first time. This may reflect decreased overall testing in MARPs, or that our NHTW 2014 campaign was more successful at reaching and testing people who are less likely to attend more traditional testing sites.

Abstracts of Posters

OBJECTIVES: This project sought to define a model of sexual healthcare provision for substance-misusing women (SMW), as they are known to experiencedisproportionate sexual health morbidities. METHOD: Model development followed the first stage of the MRC Framework for developing and evaluatingcomplex interventions. The model was developed in four sequential steps. Firstly a survey and qualitative interview study were conducted with SMW to determine sexual health needs and barriers to service use. Secondly these data were used to informally model services by determining critical service components and how they would inter-relate.Next, guidance on sexual health service standards and supporting at-risk and disenfranchised populations were reviewed to ensure the draft model was congruent with recommended policy and service delivery. Finally expert panel consultations were convened to 'trouble shoot' problematic elements of the model and to identifyfeasibility issues; before finalising the model in a commissioning framework format to facilitate uptake. RESULTS: The finalised model comprises: 1. Opportunistic fast-track single-site access to a range of sexual health interventions through CASH and GUM services, walk-in centres and GP surgeries where certain criteria are met. 2. Training in sexual health discussion and sign-posting, to drug workers and other non-sexual health providers who regularly engage with substance misusing women 3. Sexual health role expansion for drug workers and other non-sexual health providers who regularly engage with substance misusing women 4. Training for sexual healthcare providers in specific issues and barriers to sexual healthcare engagement affecting substance misusing women 5. Outreach sexual health (female) nurse services (including administration of contraception and pregnancy testing) to substance misusing women 6. Targeted and sustained advertisement of sexual health services and promotion messages through poster campaigns and ‘Women's Health cards' 7. Travel reimbursement for substance misusing women attending sexual health services and Sexual Assault Referral Centres (SARCs) 8. Provision and advertisement of washing facilities at sites where genital examination may be required CONCLUSIONS: The model carries a strong policy and evidence base, with clear actions and anticipated outcomes. The model highlights the importance of joined-up provision and skill sharing by substance misuse and sexual health service providers and practitioners; and the importance of emotional and practical support in enabling access to sexual health services for SMW.Further researchto test the effectiveness of model provision should investigate which model components carry specific effects in improving service uptake and health outcomes; and explore the potential value of extending the intervention to other disenfranchised populations.