Between 1955 and 1979, arts organizations thrived as recipients of contributions, particularly when compared with churches, schools, and other recipient organizations. Three-quarters of donations to arts organizations came from individuals, and the rest from corporations, foundations, and bequests. In an era of economic malaise, growth in arts funding clearly cannot be sustained at former levels. Tighter budgets warrant more innovative giving programs as well as shrewder financial management among recipients. Chemical Bank, for example, has instituted two giving programs that feature unrestricted, longer-term grants. It expects that recipients will have the flexibility of applying funds where they are needed most, and also the ability to spend more time pursuing their main objectives instead of fund raising. The bank has also expanded such giving techniques as on-site management consulting, in-kind contributions, and diagnostic workshops, Much of the bank's thinking regarding the management of nonprofit organizations stems from its experience in providing them with cash management and other services. If tailored by other corporations to their own geography and style, such programs could benefit American culture significantly.