Caseous Pneumonia Research Articles

Acute Consolidations of the Lung

FOR the X-ray diagnosis of any lung condition, two things are essential: first, a thorough acquaintance with all stages of the pathological process involved, not only from the radiological standpoint, but also from the standpoint of gross and microscopic pathology; and second, a knowledge of the clinical symptoms accompanying the diseases. The gross and microscopic pathology of the various lung diseases have been studied and are well known in all of their stages. This same information from a radiological standpoint can be secured by serial radiographic examinations of chest conditions following the pathological processes from their inception to their termination. This paper will be confined to the radiographic consideration of acute consolidations of the lung and their differential diagnosis. 1. Pneumonias (Pyogenic). (a) Lobar. (b) Hilus. (c) Broncho. 2. Acute Caseous Tuberculous Pneumonia. 3. Lung Abscess. Lobar pneumonia starts as a consolidation in the hilus region, rapidly spreading toward the periphery to involve one or more distinct lobes of the lung. This spread may be so rapid that at first examination, a few hours after the original chill, an entire lobe may be involved. If at first examination the consolidation is confined to the hilus region, re-examination after twenty-four hours should reveal an extension of the process to full lobar consolidation. The characteristic appearance of lobar consolidation of the various lobes is as follows: upper lobe consolidations show a marked increase in density, uniform in character, involving the entire upper half of the chest on one side or the other. The lower border of the shadow is abrupt and sharply outlined, and extends transversely across the lung field from the hilus to the periphery. Middle lobe consolidations occur on the right side and are characterized by a much less extensive shadow, having a straight line upper border, coincident in position with the lower border of the upper lobe consolidation. The lower border of the middle lobe consolidation shadow is hazy and “feathers out” into the normal lung field. Lower lobe consolidations are much larger and occupy the lower three-fourths of the chest, “feathering out” above as well as below. The costophrenic angle is the last part of the lower lobe to become consolidated. With establishment of full consolidation there is little, if any, change in the radiographic picture until after the crisis. At the time of the crisis there is no apparent change in the radiographic findings, but immediately following the crisis a marked change takes place. Resolution occurs very rapidly by absorption of the pneumonic exudate, with a re-appearance of the normal lung structure. Almost complete resolution may occur within three days after crisis. Such rapid resolution is unusual, however, seven to ten days being the usual time for complete resolution.

A diplococcus associated with caseous lymphadenitis and pneumonia of sheep

A diplococcus associated with caseous lymphadenitis and pneumonia of sheep Get access Robb Spalding Spray Robb Spalding Spray Department of Hygiene and Bacteriology of the University of Chicago Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 33, Issue 2, August 1923, Pages 161–168, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/33.2.161 Published: 01 August 1923 Article history Received: 03 May 1923 Published: 01 August 1923

A STUDY OF THE FERMENTS AND FERMENT-INHIBITING SUBSTANCES IN TUBERCULOUS CASEOUS MATERIAL

1. Caseous matter obtained from lymph glands which have not become secondarily infected contains substances which inhibit enzyme activity. These substances consist chiefly of soaps of the unsaturated fatty acids. 2. The inhibiting substances are present in relatively smaller amounts when the caseous matter has become secondarily infected. This is probably due to the dilution and washing out of the soaps. 3. Ferments are either entirely absent or present in very small amounts, unless the caseous matter has become secondarily infected. 4. Caseous material from the lungs contains smaller amounts of the inhibiting substances. This may be due to the acuteness of the process, which does not permit an accumulation of the soaps, or to the binding of the soaps with the ferments. 5. Ferments are present in caseous pneumonia. In the whole emulsion the ferments are less active in an alkaline than in an acid reaction; but removal of the soaps shows that those active in an alkaline reaction are also present in considerable amounts. 6. The previous treatment with iodin of caseous matter from both lymph glands and lungs increases the action of the trypsin.