Case Study Research Design Research Articles

Transitioning wastewater treatment plants towards resource recovery: Challenges and opportunities in Zvishavane, Zimbabwe

ABSTRACT Developing countries still lag in transitioning wastewater treatment plants towards resource recovery. This study assessed the challenges hindering and opportunities enabling the implementation of resource recovery from municipal wastewater treatment in Zvishavane town, Zimbabwe using the descriptive case study research design to collect data from selected key informant interviewees. Findings highlighted that resource recovery from Zvishavane’s Mabula wastewater treatment plant was at a nascent but dormant stage. Policy, economic, technological factors and lack of expertise were identified as limiting the transition towards resource recovery in Zvishavane. On the other hand, findings indicated that several enabling factors could enable the transition of the Mabula wastewater treatment plant into a resource recovery facility. These included the presence of entrepreneurs working in the resource recovery sector, university-utility collaboration and a vast raw material base. A stakeholder interaction model was developed to create pathways towards resource recovery in Zvishavane.

Peran Kepala Sekolah dalam Mengelola Sumber Daya Manusia untuk Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan di SMAN 5 Payakumbuh

Efficient human resources management is essential for the effective functioning of educational institutions. Therefore, it is essential for the head of school to have a clear approach to managing human capital effectively within educational institutions. It is essential to improve educational standards and enable institutions to effectively compete with others in the field of technological advances and contemporary developments. The study uses descriptive qualitative methodology, specifically using case study research design. The location of this research is in SMAN 5 Payakrasuh. The analysis revealed that the head of school carefully implemented a series of actions to establish a human resource management strategy for teachers. The first step involves developing a strong character, understanding the purposes and objectives of the institution, enhancing the expertise of the instructor, encouraging partnerships with other institutions, and building efficient communication with student guardians. One measure involves enhancing human resource development by conducting workshops and courses, both inside and outside the institution. The main emphasis lies on the methodology used by the head of school in overseeing instructors to improve the caliber of secondary education institutions. Quality education strategies in educational institutions are developed by involving instructors and implementing internal and external initiatives. The main challenge faced by school administrators in implementing their strategy is the existence of instructors who are satisfied with their existing level of expertise and resist to acquire new knowledge. Therefore, teachers must have strong motivational abilities to inspire these educators to enhance their talents, along with a deep understanding of their psychological conditions to optimize their performance.

The Complexities of Managing a Multigenerational Academic Workforce in the South African Higher Education Sector

This study examined the human resource management challenges faced by heads of departments in managing a multigenerational academic workforce in the South African higher education sector. A qualitative research approach was followed, and a multiple case study research design was applied. A purposive sampling technique was used to select 16 participants. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews, and it was analysed thematically with the aid of Atlas.ti. The study revealed several challenges related to the management of a multigenerational academic workforce, namely, differences in career expectations, skills, and experience among generations; conflict management; implementation of plans and strategies; succession planning; and teamwork. The findings have implications for higher education institutions as different generations have varying expectations for career development. Human resource departments should establish clear and transparent career pathways to meet these expectations. The study also provides supporting evidence for the dimensions outlined in the framework for understanding generational identities in organisations. Exploring generational diversity in workplace relationships and interactions within the education context complements the existing research focused on pedagogical aspects and cultural characteristics in academic settings.

Assessing the Human-Wildlife Conundrum in Zimbabwe: Implications for Social Work Practice

Human-wildlife conflict is a global crisis that has significantly impacted the local livelihoods of the rural populace of the world. This study aimed to examine the consequences and effects of human-wildlife conflict in Mbire District, Ward 1, Zimbabwe. This paper analysed a range of issues, including human-wildlife conflict, poaching, habitat loss, and socio-economic impacts, all of which intertwine to create a complex web of challenges with severe consequences for both humans and wildlife alike. The study was informed by the Musha/Nyumba and social conflict theories. The research used the qualitative method, where structured face-to-face interviews were conducted. Data was gathered from a sample of thirty participants and three key informants who were purposively selected to participate in the study. The study utilized a case-study research design. Data collected from the interviews were analysed to identify categories, emerging themes, and areas of agreement or disagreement in relation to the research questions. The study revealed that the consequences of human-wildlife conflicts include competition for resources, threats to human safety, crop and livestock damage, conservation concerns, and disruption of ecosystem balance. The paper concluded that human-wildlife conflict is a serious global threat to sustainable development, food security, wildlife conservation, and health, a concern that is negatively affecting people, wildlife, and the achievement of sustainable development goals. Evidence-based recommendations were provided to policymakers and stakeholders, including education initiatives, compensation and insurance schemes, land use planning, community engagement, and the development of early warning systems. This paper contributes to the ongoing debate on the economics of human-wildlife conflict and the contribution of wildlife to local livelihoods. Keywords: Human-Wildlife, Conflict, Wildlife, Zimbabwe

Teachers’ Views on the Conduct of Class Observation: The Philippine DepEd Setting

The Philippine Department of Education (DepEd) reiterated the need to conduct class observations to help ensure the delivery of quality basic education to all learners. It developed the Results-Based Performance Management System (RPMS) Manual for Teachers and School Heads, aligned with the Philippine Professional Standards for Teachers (PPST). The manual provides school heads and other raters with a detailed reference to help understand the tools and the different phases of assessment within the various cycles of RPMS, ensuring that mechanisms are in place to support teacher performance (DepEd, 2018). It is on this premise that this study is conducted. Primarily, it aimed to ascertain the elementary teachers’ views on the conduct of the class observations. Likewise, it also identified the factors necessary for the smooth conduct of the class observations. This study utilized the case study research design. It involved eighteen (18) elementary teacher participants and three (3) school principals, utilizing a purposive sampling design. The interview guide was used to gather the data, which was analyzed using the Collaizzi’s method. The study found that the elementary teachers’ views are characterized as systemic and observer expertise. The factors necessary for the smooth conduct of the class observations are: (1) observe honesty, confidentiality, and collegiality; (2) provide actionable feedback; and (3) support productive collaboration among teachers. Future researchers may duplicate this study on a national scale to validate the study’s findings.

Analysis of Implementation of Doctor's Practice Licensing Policy in 2021: Qualitative Study

Background: Based on the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 2052/Menkes/Per/X/2011 concerning License to Practice and Implementation of Medical Practice states that doctors and dentists who already have a License to Practice (SIP) and provide medical services or provide expertise consultation in the event requested by a health service facility. However, there is a problem that some practices do not have a SIP. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the license policy of doctors to practice in Bekasi using the van meter van horn approach Methods: This qualitative research is descriptive evaluative with a case study research design. The research location is in Bekasi Regency. Policy evaluation uses van meter van horn approach by identifying several aspects, namely performance indicators, human resources, clarity of purpose, accuracy and consistency of communication, bureaucratic structure, understanding of policies and responses to policies, social influences, political influences and economic influences on the implementation of medical practice licenses in Bekasi Regency. Results: Results obtained by 12 informants from different agencies. Performance indicators show that licensing carried out by the Investment and One-Stop Integrated Services Agency (DPMPTSP) takes a long time. In terms of human resources, almost all informants stated that there was a difference between HR needs between before and during Covid. Communication indicators show that there are obstacles in the form of double communication. Policy indicators obtained results that have been carried out well and there is no policy rejection given by the government. Meanwhile, it was found that there was no social, economic and political influence with the implementation of the current policy. Conclusion: The performance indicators of the Hospital doctor's license are clear, the performance achievement of the doctor's practice license policy is good, but in the implementation of the doctor's practice license, the obstacle faced is the lack of implementing human resources.

Performance of Governance by ABC Mosque Management: A Case Study of Historic Jami' Mosques in the Special Region of Yogyakarta

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of mosque management practices from the perspective of stewardship theory. This research discusses the governance of routine and incidental activities that mosque management organizes. Methodology: This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study research design. The qualitative approach is used to gain an in-depth understanding of the phenomenon under study. In contrast, the case study design allows researchers to develop an in-depth analysis of the events that occur. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and document analysis. This research was conducted at two mosques in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, with the research subjects including mosque management (takmir). Findings: The research examined the management practices of Masjid ABC and found that it follows a traditional and simple governance structure. Applying stewardship theory is crucial to clarifying the dynamics of mosque fund management. Novelty: This research uses the stewardship theory perspective to see the resilience of traditional mosque management in maintaining its commitment to the congregation.

Analisis Ancaman Penipuan yang Terjadi pada Penjual dalam E-comerce Bagi Dunia Bisnis di Tahun 2024

This research aims to investigate the experiences and protection strategies against fraud in digital business, focusing on Anafoya store that sells clothing products. The study reveals various challenges faced by sellers in dealing with fraud in the context of digital business. This study employs a qualitative approach with a case study research design through in-depth interviews. The interview results highlight several common forms of fraud, such as non-payment in COD transactions and returns of goods that do not match their condition. To address these challenges, Anafoya store has implemented proactive protection strategies, such as strengthening payment verification procedures and tightening return policies.

Monetary and Non-Monetary Rewards for Employees Motivation in Tanzania Public Sector: The Management Perspectives

The study on monetary and non-monetary rewards for employees’ motivation in Tanzania public sector was done in Kakonko district council. A case study research design, mixed research approaches were used and eighty employees participated. Both qualitative and quantitative data was collected. Close ended- questionnaire, documentary review and documentary review guide were used to collect data. Quantitative data was analyzed by using descriptive statistics, Spearman’s correlation and regression methods while qualitative data was analyzed by using contents analysis method. The study reveals that paid leave, merit pay and salary increments were among monetary rewards provided to employees. It was also revealed from the study that promotion, appreciation, training and development were non-monetary rewards provided to employees. It was also revealed from the study that salary increment and merit pay had positive and significant effects on employees’ motivation while paid leave had negative and significant effect on employees’ motivation. Also, appreciation and promotion had positive and significant effect on employees’ motivation. It was also revealed from the study that training and development had no significant effect on employee’s motivation. Conclusively, there is no significant difference in motivational effects between monetary and non-monetary rewards among employees and it is therefore recommended that the integration between monetary and non-monetary to be emphasized and provided equally to employees.

Exploring teacher understanding of curriculum and assessment policy statement document implementation in South African schools

Preparing subject teachers for understanding and implementation of curriculum and Assessment policy statement in schools has become a concern in nations as a way to strive for excellence. Yet, there is a little known about the understanding of curriculum policy than its effectiveness in the school. This study explored teacher understanding of Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS) document implementation. The study employed a qualitative approach, utilizing a case study research design. The interpretivism paradigm was applied to gain an in-depth understanding secondary of teachers’ perspectives on the implementation of the CAPS. The population of the research study consisted of 100 teachers in Capricorn District, and the sample of this study consisted of ten (10) teachers who were selected using a convenient sampling technique. Data was collected using individual, semi-structured interviews and focus group interviews, and was analyzed using thematic data analysis method. The study concluded that internal and external workshops could serve the purpose of implementing the CAPS document in the classroom. In addition, movable resources, for better implementation of the CAPS document in the classroom. Lastly, for researchers, these findings may help with further research on strategies to be implemented in schools to encourage constant use of the CAPS document. The unique contribution of this article to existing research on the classroom implementation of CAPS guidelines is to address the gap identified by ineffectiveness of the subject policy to the secondary teaching.

Marketing Communication Approach in Indonesian Banking Industry: Research Study on Indonesia's Largest Private Bank

Integrated Marketing Communication is one strategy that can be used to create, maintain and improve the positive image and reputation of the company included banking industry. This research will find the marketing communication approach used by PT XYZ as the biggest private bank in Indonesia. This research refers to the concept of five aspects of Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC). The research method used is the qualitative research method with a case study research design accompanied by series of observations and interviews. The results showed and concluded that the marketing communication approach in the banking industry implements five aspects of IMC, which is advertising, sales promotion, public relations, events & experiences, and direct marketing. The approach of private bank XYZ is aimed at creating long-term relationships, and enhancing reputation.

Leveraging digital data spaces in purchasing and supply management: Paving the way to the circular economy exemplified by Catena-X

The transition to a circular economy (CE) is increasing the complexity of data processing for purchasing and supply management (PSM), necessitating the adoption of digital technologies. In particular, digital data spaces (DDSs) have gained prominence for facilitating data sharing and collection and allowing secure data exchange. This study explores the information processing capabilities critical for PSM when using DDSs. Using a single case study research design, the study focuses on the DDS Catena-X. Through 20 semi-structured interviews with experts from 12 participating companies, the research explores organizational information processing theory as a theoretical foundation. The results show that DDSs support PSM within the CE by connecting the various actors and through extensive data exchange along the value chain. In addition, the findings identify two critical sets of information capabilities necessary for the effective use of DDSs in PSM: inter-organizational process capabilities and inter-organizational IT-based capabilities. This study contributes to theoretical knowledge within the supply chain management domain by 1) exploring how DDSs benefit the informational capabilities of PSM in CE, 2) investigating the inter-organizational capabilities PSM needs to fully leverage DDSs while 3) introducing the OIPT to the field of circular PSM utilizing DDSs.

Mechanisms of Organizational Mindfulness on Employee Well-Being and Engagement: A Multi-Level Analysis

This article investigates the currently limited multidisciplinary research front in emerging areas of mindfulness practice, employee well-being, and engagement. This evidence-based study aims to explore multifaceted mechanisms on how an organizational mindfulness development may affect well-being and engagement at multiple levels. This study employed a qualitative case study research design using Nvivo 12 software for a data analysis. The job demand–resource (JD-R) model was adopted as a theoretical framework. In-depth interview data were collected from diverse multi-stakeholders, including management and employees, in a Thai manufacturing company. Our findings uncover that the organizational mindfulness program can improve employee’s psychological capital, emotional intelligence, and perceived resources, and alleviate perceived demands. The result implies the importance of the mindfulness practice since it can support well-being and engagement at multiple levels, specifically from individual work and a collective team of colleagues, and toward enhanced organizational performance. Our proposed emergent model also advances the JD-R theoretical framework, by adding mindfulness and emotional intelligence as essential components to enhance engagements at three levels (i.e., work, team, and organizational engagement). Overall, the result critically provides the theoretical development and insightful managerial implications for professional and organizational development.

The Effectiveness of Using Toontastic-Based Animated Learning Media on Students' Interest In Learning Indonesian Language Indonesia Students at MTs Sheikh Yusuf Gowa

Indonesian language learning at MTs Sheikh Yusuf is fairly low due to the use of inappropriate learning media which results in students not understanding Indonesian language learning. Isn't it with the existence of various learning media that students are able to have many choices of learning media to use in the learning process according to their personal characteristics. to find out the Effectiveness of Using Toontastic-Based Animated Learning Media on Indonesian Learning Interest of MTs Sheikh Yusuf Gowa Regency Students. The type of research used in this study is a type of quantitative research with an experimental method with a pre experimental method using a one shot case study research design. This shows that the hypothesis test as evidenced by the statistical analysis of the correlation test which states a significant value of 0.040 <0.05. The results of the analysis can also be seen from the value of r count which is 0.371> r table 0.355 so that it can be interpreted that there is a correlation relationship between the use of toontastic-based animated learning media and student learning interest, which means that the use of toontastic-based animated learning media on student learning interest is effective in Indonesian language subjects class VII.A at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Sheikh Yusuf Gowa Regency. The suggestions for future research are expected to make the results of this study a reference for conducting better research by maximising the use of media as a means in the learning process in the classroom.

Interrogating Chinese going global policy in Nigeria: Implications for Neo-colonialism

The study sets out to examine Chinese going global policy in Nigeria in the context of the four key strategic objectives of the policy- resource seeking, market seeking, asset seeking and political gains- and how these have had some neo-colonial ramifications on the Nigerian state, based on the degree to which the Nigerian state asserts its agency in its relations with the Chinese State. By adopting a qualitative case study research design, documentary method of data collection, and theory of neo-colonialism, the study discovered that Chinese infrastructure aid and investment packages to Nigeria have aided the achievement of the Chinese strategic objectives in its going global policy to the detriment of Nigeria’s political and economic independence in a neo-colonial fashion, with little or no remediation from the Nigerian state or its agency. The study concludes and recommends that China and other great powers will continue to have a neo-colonial experimentation with Nigeria if it fails to assert its agency with such powers.

Ubuntu or Compliance? Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Owners of Small- Medium-Sized Enterprises in Johannesburg, South Africa Regarding Corporate Social Responsibility

ABSTRACT There is a paucity of studies demonstrating how small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) adopt CSR interventions to enhance social and economic conditions of communities within which they operate. There is also a prevailing stereotype that Corporate Social Responsibility is only applicable to big, multinational companies. The study therefore explored the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of 10 owners of SMEs in Johannesburg, South Africa regarding CSR. Guided by a social development lens, the study adopted a qualitative case study research design. Thematic analysis of interview responses revealed that most of these owners considered their SMEs to be practising CSR, and were motivated primarily by the intrinsic spirit of Ubuntu rather than extrinsic compliance with regulatory requirements. While some CSR interventions (such as skills-transfers as empowerment) were found to be consistent with the social development approach, others, such as philanthropy, were not necessarily developmental but nevertheless important in a developing country such as South Africa with its high levels of poverty. The key contributions of the study to knowledge are first, that it debunks the misconception in the literature that SMEs are too small and financially incapable of implementing CSR interventions; and second, that it enhances understanding from a developing world perspective of the factors motivating SME owners to engage in CSR.

Strategies to support rural-based schools in teaching and learning during COVID-19: The case of the Maune circuit in the Capricorn North district

With this study we investigated strategies to support rural-based schools in teaching and learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research was conducted in 6 secondary schools in the Maune circuit, Capricorn North district of the Limpopo province, South Africa. A qualitative research approach using a case study research design was followed in the study. The population consisted of 42 school management teams (SMTs) and school governing bodies (SGBs) in the Maune circuit. Purposive sampling was used to select 18 participants. Data were collected through individual semi-structured interviews. A thematic approach was used to analyse the data. The social realist theory was adopted as theoretical framework using the concepts of structure, culture and agency as theoretical lenses. We found that the Department of Basic Education did not train SMTs and SGBs, which affected teaching and learning. We concluded that due to the unavailability of ICT infrastructure within the Maune circuit, teaching and learning during strict lockdown (coronavirus disease [COVID-19]) were impossible and difficult when learners were rotating attendance. We recommend a shift from a blanket approach to school support to conducting an intensive needs analysis for each school in order to provide appropriate and relevant support. A social realist approach to school support is also recommended, where structure and culture are considered critical attributes for school development. It will be good for policy makers, role players and stakeholders to work together towards a common goal and carry out their agential role in ensuring that the needs of marginalised learners are met in schools.

Tactile materials as correlates of performance in mathematics among learners who are blind: The case of Thika high school for the blind, Kiambu County, Kenya

The purpose of the study was to assess the use of tactile materials as correlates of performance in Mathematics among learners in Thika High School for the Blind. The objectives were to: identify the tactile Mathematics materials used by teachers while teaching learners who are blind, explore the adequacy of the tactile teaching and learning materials, and identify the challenges that teachers face in adapting Mathematic tactile teaching materials. This study adopted social constructivism theory and used a case study research design. Target population was 85 respondents comprising 5 Mathematics teachers and 80 learners who are blind in the school. Purposive sampling technique was used to select Mathematics teachers while stratified random sampling was used to select the learners who are blind according to class and gender. Thereafter, simple random sampling was used to select 24 learners. Questionnaires were used to collect data. Quantitative data was collected, coded and organized. Data analysis was through descriptive summaries and correlational analyses. From the findings, most essential tactile materials for teaching Mathematics were not available in the school. Some teachers were not proficient in Braille Mathematics, thus a major hindrance for them to teach effectively. Many respondents recommended that the government should set aside more funds for Mathematic teaching and learning resources since their use in teaching was of uttermost importance. Therefore, this study recommends a need for the Ministry of Education to introduce AT courses in teacher training colleges. In addition, more time should be allocated in the school timetable for effective use of materials in teaching Mathematics to learners with visual impairment. Also, there is need for proper planning; preparation, presentation, appropriate application and essential follow up make the use tactile Mathematics materials ineffective by the teachers.

Learner perception on tactile materials as a correlate of performance in mathematics: The case of Thika high school for the Blind, Kiambu County, Kenya

Mathematics is considered the foundation of scientific and technological growth, making one of the most important subjects taught in formal schools. Yet learners with visual impairment continue to perform poorly in Mathematics due multiple factors, among them unfavorable perceptions on the subject. Drawing from the social constructivism theory, this study aimed to establish learner perception on tactile materials as a correlate of performance in Mathematics among learners in Thika High School for the Blind. The objectives were to investigate general performance of mathematic among the learners who are blind and assess learners’ perception on the mathematic tactile learning materials in relation to their performance in Mathematics. This study used a case study research design. The target population comprised 80 learners who are blind in the school. Stratified random sampling was used to select the learners 24 who are blind according to class and gender. Questionnaires were used to collect data. Quantitative data was collected, coded and organized. Data analysis was through descriptive summaries and correlational analyses. There was a weak positive relationship between learners’ perception in learning Mathematics and performance in Mathematics (r = 0.203, p = 0.342). The majority the students indicated doing their homework daily when given by the teacher, getting homework marked daily, and doing homework alone daily. Therefore, this study recommends the need for the Ministry of Education to initiate strategies to enhance positive perceptions toward Mathematics among learners who are blind.

Medication Adherence Behavior Among Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) in West Sumba

The recovery of Tb patients depends on medication adherence. Drug side effects, duration of treatment, health control, and social stigma towards Tb patients influence adherence. The assumption that Tb is a hereditary disease, a curse, and challenging to cure makes patients unmotivated to take medicine and reluctant to go to health services because of shame. These factors are at risk of increasing drug resistance rates and hindering the recovery process in Tb patients. The purpose of this study was to describe drug compliance in patients with pulmonary Tb in West Sumba. This study used a descriptive qualitative method with a case study research design and an indepth interview technique. The sample selection was made by purposive sampling with the age 20-45 criteria. Data analysis was done by reducing, presenting, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that drug adherence behavior in TB patients was influenced by treatment routines, barriers during treatment, and emotional, informational, and financial support from the social environment. According to the community, Tb is a curse, contagious and dangerous disease, not a cursed one. Therefore, the results of this study should serve as a basis for health workers and health policymakers in the West Sumba region to design health promotion programs on the importance of social support on treatment adherence of Tb patients so that Tb patients can maintain treatment adherence.