Qualitative Case Study Research Research Articles

Social Educators’ initial and in-service training: community projects as promoters of professional development

ABSTRACT Promoting social justice, fighting against social inequalities, and minimizing the risks and dangers faced by society’s most vulnerable groups are the aims of socio-educational intervention actions promoted by Social Educators in community projects. Using a qualitative and interpretative case study research methodology, this study sought to understand, from the perspective of Social Educators (n = 13) who graduated from a university in the north of Portugal between 2018 and 2022, how and if the experience of working in a community project during initial and in-service training enriches and/or alters their work. The results showed that the participation of Social Educators in community projects deconstructs an excessively individualistic view of intervention, with Social Educators highlighting the social and educational conditions that shape the target audiences in an action that is required to be holistic and legitimized by the members of the communities in which they operate.

Seeds of Change: Exploring Plant-based Livelihood Diversification for the Poultry Sector in India

Poultry farming is a cornerstone of India’s agricultural sector, providing livelihoods for millions. However, the industry faces disease outbreaks, birds' and humans' health welfare concerns, and environmental challenges. To formulate a sustainable resolution, this review explores livelihood diversification within the Indian poultry farming sector. It examines current practices, opportunities, and obstacles, providing insights into sustainable agricultural practices and rural development strategies. By studying socio-economic factors, emerging trends in agrarian entrepreneurship, and the impact of diversification on rural livelihoods, the paper offers comprehensive recommendations for policymakers, stakeholders, and practitioners. This review also employs a multidimensional approach, utilizing qualitative and quantitative research case studies to present a holistic understanding of diversification in the Indian poultry sector. It aims to foster resilience among poultry farmers through practical recommendations and policy implications, promoting sustainable development and diversified livelihoods.

Seeds of Change: Exploring Plant-based Livelihood Diversification for the Poultry Sector in India

Poultry farming is a cornerstone of India’s agricultural sector, providing livelihoods for millions. However, the industry faces disease outbreaks, birds' and humans' health welfare concerns, and environmental challenges. To formulate a sustainable resolution, this review explores livelihood diversification within the Indian poultry farming sector. It examines current practices, opportunities, and obstacles, providing insights into sustainable agricultural practices and rural development strategies. By studying socio-economic factors, emerging trends in agrarian entrepreneurship, and the impact of diversification on rural livelihoods, the paper offers comprehensive recommendations for policymakers, stakeholders, and practitioners. This review also employs a multidimensional approach, utilizing qualitative and quantitative research case studies to present a holistic understanding of diversification in the Indian poultry sector. It aims to foster resilience among poultry farmers through practical recommendations and policy implications, promoting sustainable development and diversified livelihoods.

Barriers and Challenges in Implementing Clinical Pathway of Sectio Caesarea for Health Workers in a Private Hospital

Clinical pathway (CP) is one of the requirements required in hospital accreditation standards. It has an important role in controlling quality, and costs and supporting patient safety, especially in cases that have the potential to consume large amounts of resources, one of which is a sectio cesarean (SC). Apart from being able to reduce maternal mortality due to normal childbirth, SC procedures can also cause post-operative injuries. This research explores the barriers and challenges to implementing the sectio caesarean clinical pathway among health workers in hospitals. This qualitative case study research recruited 10 informants consisting of 3 obstetricians, 2 executive nurses, the head of the inpatient room, the head of the operating room, the deputy director of medical services, and 2 patients who had undergone SC at the hospital purposively. In-depth interviews were conducted in March 2024 at a private hospital in Bandar Lampung, Indonesia. Thematic analysis was used for data analysis. Several themes emerged as obstacles to the implementation of CP SC in this research, namely: 1) individuals, 2) patients, 3) infrastructure, and 4) hospital management support. Apart from that, the challenges faced include the need to carry out socialization, monitoring, and evaluation activities, as well as collaborative activities between health workers and hospitals to share experiences to increase compliance in implementing CP SC. Hospital management is expected to provide regular outreach, training, and personal approaches to health workers regarding the implementation of CP SC. Collaboration between professionals and hospitals is also needed to share experiences regarding the implementation of sectio caesarean clinical pathways in hospitals.

Evaluasi Program Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Masyarakat Pesisir Dalam Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Nelayan (Studi Kasus Desa Sekunyit Kecamatan Kaur Selatan Kabupaten Kaur)

This study aims to describe and analyze (1) the accuracy of the coastal community economic empowerment program in Sekunyit village, south Kaur district, Kaur district and (2) to analyze the inhibiting factors of the coastal community economic empowerment program in Sekunyit village, south Kaur district, Kaur district. This research is a qualitative case study research. The data sources in this study were the chairman of the maritime mina cooperative, the secretary of the maritime mina cooperative, and the treasurer of the maritime mina cooperative. The data collection method used in this research is the method of interview, observation, and documentation. Data processing is carried out through three stages, namely: data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study are (1) the results of research regarding the evaluation of the economic empowerment program of coastal communities in order to improve the welfare of fishermen, (2) the achievement of the coastal community economic empowerment program (PEMP) in Sekunyit Village, (3) the accuracy of the achievement of the objectives of the coastal community economic empowerment program (PEMP). ) in Sekunyit Village, and (4) Inhibiting factors in Achieving the Objectives of the Economic Empowerment Program for Coastal Community (PEMP) in Sekunyit Village. The results of this study are useful for fishermen, schools, and other researchers..

Hijab Fantasy on Instagram: Community Fantasy Theme for Vanilla Hijab Brand

In the contemporary era, the hijab is no longer exclusively associated with a specific demographic. Its meaning has evolved and is now widely accepted within the community. While the hijab is a mandatory practice for Muslim women, it has also become a fashion statement. The growing acceptance of hijab has led to the emergence of local hijab brands. This article examines the use of social media, particularly Instagram, to examine communication between groups of hijab users, focusing on customers of a particular brand of hijab, namely Vanilla Hijab. Observing this group behavior used fantasy, emphasizing how individuals achieve a shared reality through communication. Individuals in the group conducted shared reality-seeing behavior among individuals guided by stories that reflect how reality is confirmed. The reinforcement of shared reality is repeated through personal, group, or community achievements and takes the form of stories or tales. In examining the theme of hijab customer group fantasy, the researcher employed a qualitative case study research method by conducting interviews with female Vanila Hijab customers. Producers use Instagram social media not only to inform the public about Vanilla Hijab's activities and introduce its products but also to build community involvement and receive input from a segmented audience. The findings indicate that group members added numerous fantasy themes to maintain group communication and foster group culture.

NGO Trend Asia's Efforts in Controlling Transboundary Air Pollution in Jakarta: A Case Study of the Suralaya Steam Power Plant

The problem of poor air pollution quality is becoming more serious often in big cities, especially in the capital city of DKI Jakarta. Apart from vehicle emissions, there are other problems that are also important due to the use of Steam Power Plants (PLTU) around the Jakarta area. PLTU Suralaya in Banten is one of the largest sectors that emits the amount of emissions that have an impact on the surrounding area. This study aims to provide a description of the strategy carried out by the Non-Government Organization (NGO) Trend Asia as an effort to control air pollution pollution in Jakarta through transboundary emissions by the Suralaya PLTU. This research uses qualitative case study research methods and will be strengthened by the theory of environmental NGO strategy by MC. Cormick as an analysis knife of this study. The results of this study explain the strategies used by Trend Asia in efforts to control transboundary emission pollution of the Suralaya coal-fired power plant from nine MC strategies. The relevant Cormick used six strategies, namely Working with Elected Officials, Undertaking Research, Campaigning and Organizing Public Protests, Promoting Media Coverage of Environmental Issues, Information Exchange, and Generating Local Community Involvement in Environmental Protection.

What drives Indian ethnic entrepreneurs’ success in the UAE? A case study

Purpose The United Arab Emirates (UAE) offers a level playing field to all ethnic entrepreneurs (EE’s) operating from within it. The purpose of this qualitative research case study is to explore the reasons underpinning the relatively greater success that Indian-origin EE’s in the UAE have been enjoying for sustained periods – and across diverse industries – relative to their counterparts belonging to several other nations. Design/methodology/approach Qualitative research case study that draws from data gathered through 30 interviews of participants identified through expert sampling. Findings Whereas the UAE treats all its ethnic entrepreneurs (EE’s) alike and provides them with a level platform to operate from, the EE’s from India have consistently been outperforming those from all other nations, particularly within the context of the UAE’s large businesses spanning diverse industries. Three features seem to explain their success: their high tolerance for ambiguity; thriftiness; and intercultural competence. Research limitations/implications Two key limitations were faced: firstly, the negligible research literature on ethnic entrepreneurship in the UAE, and related official statistics such as details (by ethnicity/nationality) of EE-owned businesses, and secondly, the industry-wise break down of such businesses and their performance, as available in other developed nations hosting EE’s. Resultantly, alternate sources of data have been used to complete this research. Practical implications Given the UAE’s national-level institutionalised efforts to promote entrepreneurship amongst its citizens and wider populace, there are many implications that this study holds for existing and future entrepreneurs. Originality/value While on the one hand, the UAE and the wider Gulf Cooperation Council region have been witnessing frenetic ethnic entrepreneurial activity in the past decade, the research literature on the regions’ ethnic entrepreneurship is extremely patchy. This case study serves to significantly bridge this gap, and to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first work, that extensively explores the entrepreneurial trajectory of Indian EE’s in the UAE, and the factors driving their success.

Adoption and diffusion of organizational innovation, the winning mantra for growth: A case of manufacturing SMEs in Pakistan

This multiple case study qualitative research examined the impact of adoption and diffusion of innovation on Small and Medium Enterprises (SME’s) growth in the hostile business landscape of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. This research is intended to investigate research data and consequent findings based on an interview protocol that was purposefully developed from extant literature, complemented by an initial pilot study of two pharmaceutical SMEs. The researcher conducted 20 interviews, guided by the semi-structured interview protocol offered to the respondents beforehand after sorting their informed consent. The 20 participants represented the different hierarchal levels of the 08 case study of pharmaceutical from the two industrial clusters of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, located at the Hayatabad Industrial Estate, Peshawar, and the Rashkai Industrial Estate, Nowshera. The analysis of the data presented findings and corroborated the research propositions that those SMEs that are structurally entrepreneurial and adopt innovation amenably, are open to mobility and tourism, yield satisfactory results in terms of their growth as compared to those that are inertial and unentrepreneurial. Similarly, the results offer confirmation that the effectiveness of government agencies that are explicitly formed to address the problems of small businesses is insufficient. They rather create hindrances than assistance due to the excessive delays in approving innovative ideas and conceptions by these related organizations and ministries. Moreover, the proposed framework offers pragmatic recommendations to contextualize entrepreneurial culture and innovative structures in SMEs and their essential factors in critical environmental circumstances.

Interrogating Chinese going global policy in Nigeria: Implications for Neo-colonialism

The study sets out to examine Chinese going global policy in Nigeria in the context of the four key strategic objectives of the policy- resource seeking, market seeking, asset seeking and political gains- and how these have had some neo-colonial ramifications on the Nigerian state, based on the degree to which the Nigerian state asserts its agency in its relations with the Chinese State. By adopting a qualitative case study research design, documentary method of data collection, and theory of neo-colonialism, the study discovered that Chinese infrastructure aid and investment packages to Nigeria have aided the achievement of the Chinese strategic objectives in its going global policy to the detriment of Nigeria’s political and economic independence in a neo-colonial fashion, with little or no remediation from the Nigerian state or its agency. The study concludes and recommends that China and other great powers will continue to have a neo-colonial experimentation with Nigeria if it fails to assert its agency with such powers.

Ubuntu or Compliance? Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Owners of Small- Medium-Sized Enterprises in Johannesburg, South Africa Regarding Corporate Social Responsibility

ABSTRACT There is a paucity of studies demonstrating how small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) adopt CSR interventions to enhance social and economic conditions of communities within which they operate. There is also a prevailing stereotype that Corporate Social Responsibility is only applicable to big, multinational companies. The study therefore explored the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of 10 owners of SMEs in Johannesburg, South Africa regarding CSR. Guided by a social development lens, the study adopted a qualitative case study research design. Thematic analysis of interview responses revealed that most of these owners considered their SMEs to be practising CSR, and were motivated primarily by the intrinsic spirit of Ubuntu rather than extrinsic compliance with regulatory requirements. While some CSR interventions (such as skills-transfers as empowerment) were found to be consistent with the social development approach, others, such as philanthropy, were not necessarily developmental but nevertheless important in a developing country such as South Africa with its high levels of poverty. The key contributions of the study to knowledge are first, that it debunks the misconception in the literature that SMEs are too small and financially incapable of implementing CSR interventions; and second, that it enhances understanding from a developing world perspective of the factors motivating SME owners to engage in CSR.

Self-Acceptance of Parents with Hearing Disability Child

Parents sometimes must face the reality that their child is different with other children. One of it is hearing disability. Mostly children with hearing disability also have difficulties in producing sound and even speak. That makes the parents can’t understand their children. This is a qualitative research (case study) that was made to try to understand the struggle of parents who have child with hearing disability. While both of the parents were “normal” how they can accept the condition of their child and also how they see themselves. The result shows that the parents try their best to accept the situation. They even try to give the best therapy and facility that can help their child. All the things that they do is a kind of compensate for their child condition. During their struggle to accept the condition of their child, they also need support from people around them.

Personal Guidance Service to Enhance The Independence of Children with Multiple Disabilities with Visual Impairment

This study aims to identify, analyze and interpret the process of providing personal guidance services carried out by classroom teachers to children with MDVI barriers at SLB A Bartemeus Manado. This research uses case study qualitative research methods. The subject in this study amounted to one person, and the sampling in this study was purposive sampling. The methods used in collecting this data are observation, interview, and documentation. The results showed that the subject experienced very significant changes after receiving personal guidance services, such as HP being able to walk alone, mastering Mobility Orientation in the orphanage and school environment, being able to cook, iron, wash clothes, wash dishes, be more confident and independent so that he does not feel afraid in carrying out his daily activities.

Exploring Students' Difficulties in Answering Reading TOEFL Section Test

Test of English Foreign Language (TOEFL) is widely used as a measurement for standardized English competencies. This study attempted to explore EFL learners' difficulties in dealing question of reading section in TOEFL test. Qualitative case study research design and semi-structured interview as instrument to gain the data. In this study with four participants were purposively selected from the English Education Department of Private University of Jember who has passed the TOEFL test. The findings revealed that there were two factors that become difficulties or obstacle faced by the TOEFL test-takers in completing TOEFL reading questions. First, the factor that is caused from several kind of questions that are difficult to answer for the participants, including; unstated detail question, implied detail question, and vocabulary in context question. Second, the factor that is caused by each participant personally, including ; lack of mastering vocabulary, limitation of time, and unfamiliar vocabularies. The result of this study are expected to have practical contribution on determining the appropriate strategies employed to minimize students' error during answering the TOEFL test.

LEADERSHIP CHALLENGES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A CASE STUDY OF PAKISTANI HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOLS

The main objective of the research was to explore public school principals’ leadership problems and the techniques they used to overcome those problems. A qualitative research case study was conducted involving 10 public school principals (5 male and 5 female) from district Mardan of Pakistan. The data were gathered through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using the thematic analysis process. The results show that public school principals in Pakistan face multiple problems, including lack of authority, insufficient assistance from higher authorities, lack of resources, and teacher recruitment and retention issues. Additionally, the research also found that public school principals in Pakistan combat their problems with a variety of techniques, including creating a friendly rapport with teachers, engaging the community in the educational process, seeking help from higher authorities, and effectively leveraging resources. Moreover, this research has also examined Pakistani female public school principals’ problems and tactics. The results show that female public-school principals in Pakistan experience typical male principals’ problems, including lack of autonomy, insufficient resources, and support from higher authorities, as well as gender inequity. The results of the study have significant implications for policy and practice as the results of the study can inform specific policies and practices that can help in enlightening public schools’ leadership in Pakistan to improve the quality of education for students.

Peranan Sistem Pengawasan Keuangan Desa Dalam Mendukung Efektivitas Audit

This study aims to determine the role of the Village Financial Supervision System in supporting audit effectiveness at the Inspektorat Daerah Kabupaten Banyumas. This research uses case study qualitative research. The population in this study are 43 users of the Village Financial Supervision System (Siswaskeudes) then a sample of 12 people take using purposive sampling method. Data analysis using qualitative data analysis is the process of selecting, sorting and organizing data that researchers have collect from several sources including field notes, interviews, observations and documentation and the research theory that researchers use is UTAUT and Luder Contigency Model. The results of this study indicate that the role of the Siswaskeudes Application in supporting audit effectiveness at the Regional Inspectorate of Banyumas Regency is to determine priority villages for audits (based on risk analysis), Produce Audit Work Programs and Audit Working Papers automatically and standardized, Audit becomes effective and efficient, easy access to village government financial reports and formulate problem maps as a basis for further action. The driving and inhibiting factors in the use of the Siswaskeudes Application in supporting audit effectiveness at the Regional Inspectorate of Banyumas Regency using the Luder Contigency Model, The stimulant in using the Siswaskeudes Application is the number of villages that must supervise are 74,961 villages but the number of APIP is only 9,124 people. Social Structural Supporting Factors from the user's side, obstacles in Implementation from the user's side of the Siswaskeudes Application including.

Technological Innovation in Chinese Digital Drama: A Case Study on the Posthuman Transformation of the Performing Subject – Digital Mei Lanfang Analysis

In the global artistic arena, digital performance, a fusion of art and technology is increasingly garnering attention. Accompanied by rapid technological advancements, Chinese performing arts are in a state of continual boundary expansion and exploration of new possibilities. This art form is undergoing a profound and revolutionary transformation with the infiltration and advancement of digital technology. This article, titled "Technological Innovation and Chinese Digital Drama: The Post-Human Transformation of the Performing Subject," delves into how digital technology is innovating traditional Chinese drama by transforming the performing. Centering around the Digital Mei Lanfang project as a pivotal case study, the research demonstrates how digital technology is redefining the subject of drama performance, thereby further redefining the scope and essence of theatrical performance. Employing qualitative research methods, literature reviews, and case study analysis, the article assesses the impact and value of the shift from Natural Human to Posthuman entities as performing subjects in Chinese theatrical arts, driven by digital technology. The research underscores the significance of post-human entities in protecting and disseminating cultural heritage in the digital era. This article aims to expand the boundaries of dramatic artistic expression through the study of posthumans becoming dramatic performing subjects and to provide theoretical foundations and practical references for the future development of dramatic arts. Consequently, this fosters the further development of Chinese dramatic arts in the digital age without losing their original characteristics.

Exploring the significant problems confronting secondary schools history education: a baseline study

The purpose of this baseline study is to determine the significant problems confronting history education in secondary school. The researchers employed qualitative research methods and case study design. The techniques that were employed to acquire credible data were document analysis, interviews, and classroom observation. Six experienced history education teachers and eight top-ten students from Sebeta town public secondary school were interviewed, and academic achievement statistics of 174 students in history education were analyzed. In addition eight lesson observations were carried out to validate the information gleaned from the interviews and document analysis. The study's findings show that the primary challenges influencing history education in Sebeta town public secondary schools were teaching strategy, a lack of awareness about implementing participatory teaching methods, a lack of comprehensiveness of the contents of history education teaching materials, and the issue of the bulkiness and scope of history education texts being covered on time. The findings also indicate the significance of training history education teachers to use participatory teaching tactics, as well as the need for curriculum experts to better coordinate the range of history education content and teaching strategies. The findings of this study will help teachers, practitioners, scholars, policymakers, and educational professionals find solutions to significant problems in secondary school history education, as well as develop effective techniques for teaching history education in secondary schools that involve twenty-first century skills and abilities.

Optimizing the Economic Independence of Sharia-Based Islamic Boarding Schools

Introduction: The independence of Islamic Boarding Schools is a necessity because pesantren can be seen through the process of establishing pesantren which usually uses Kiyai's funds and assistance from the surrounding community. The irony is that there are still many pesantren that still depend on the injection of outside funds. Objectives: This study aims to find out how business strategies are applied to the Islamic Boarding School of Darul A'mal Lampung to accelerate the economic independence of sustainable Islamic Boarding School. Method: By using qualitative research methods and case study approaches (field research). Data were obtained through direct observation, and in-depth interviews with related parties (Foundation administrators, heads of cottage business units, teachers, and students). Results: The findings in this study are steps to optimize the pesantren business that can be done to realize the independence of pesantren optimally by strengthening pesantren management, optimizing existing business potential, expanding cooperation, and opening public spaces in terms of business, improving the ability of human resources in sharia-based business management. Implications: This study reaffirms the steps that can be taken to optimize the independence of pesantren through strengthening pesantren management, equalizing the perceptions of all pesantren stakeholders about the vision and mission of pesantren, together continuing to learn by providing training, as well as implementing policies well and followed by in-depth evaluation on an ongoing basis. So that the results of this research can be used as a reference for optimizing the pesantren business in realizing sustainable pesantren independence.

Designing Holistic and Multivoiced Online Learning: Higher Education Actors’ Pedagogical Decisions and Perspectives

Higher education has witnessed continuous growth in online learning, further catalysed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Moving forward, it is important to transition from remote teaching to sustainable, high-quality and mature online learning practices for impactful student learning. This paper presents the findings of a qualitative multiple case study research that investigated the pedagogical decisions and rationales of educators and digital learning professionals in deliberately designed online learning contexts. Data were collected through 31 interviews, observations and documents from seven interdisciplinary design teams across six UK universities over an extended period. Three themes were constructed to convey key research insights including: (1) embracing a multi-level view of student learning journeys, (2) embedding multiple and diverse ‘voices’ and (3) creating a complex web of social learning opportunities and ‘spaces’. The findings from this study offer a revitalised understanding of pedagogies suggesting holistic and multivoiced approaches to online learning. Findings pointed to the need for narrative-based approaches to online learning design, attention to purposeful hybrid learning spaces and an expansive view of educators’ role. The insights presented in this paper can be enlightening for educators, teaching teams, digital learning teams, academic developers, researchers and university leadership, opening up dialogue and new directions for online learning practices and research.