Case Study Of Organization Research Articles

Indicators for effective visiting primary care services: A case study.

The objective of this study was to assess the clinical utility of a model of seven principles for effective visiting primary care services and to determine how it could be conceptualised as a tool for evaluation. The research was undertaken in the context of visiting primary care services with an agency, Outback Futures, selected as a case study. Three executive staff with Outback Futures participated in the research. The case study design involved data collection by four group interviews conducted between July and November 2021. The interview data were analysed using thematic analysis. This case study is additional evidence for the clinical utility of the model of seven principles. The results reinforce the importance of a community-focussed approach to assess the impact of visiting service organisations on rural and remote communities. A comprehensive approach to evaluation is required to justify the investments made and safeguard the health and well-being of rural and remote residents. A self-assessment protocol has been established from the model for use by visiting services. Furthermore, three themes were drawn from the data: relationship is fundamental, the importance of co-design, and being effective as a visiting service is challenging. The model is appropriate for the case study organisation, and has clinical utility and implications for other visiting services. A self-assessment protocol has been developed. Future research should apply the model and protocol self-assessment tool in an effort to construct a consistent and credible approach to evaluation of visiting primary care services.

Artificial Intelligence and the Indian Media Industry: the Future is Now

The Indian media industry is currently undergoing a significant transformation with the advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI). AI has the potential to revolutionize the way news stories are produced and consumed, providing new opportunities for innovation and growth. However, it is also important to consider the challenges that come with implementing AI in the Indian media industry. This research aims to provide a comprehensive examination of the future of the Indian media industry in the age of AI. The study will analyse the current state of AI in the Indian media industry, focusing on its impact on efficiency, cost-effectiveness, personalization, multilingual news production, real-time news generation, and combat against misinformation. Additionally, the research will also explore the challenges that come with the adoption and implementation of AI in the Indian media industry, such as job losses, ethical concerns, lack of understanding, data, and infrastructure. The study will use both primary and secondary data sources, including interviews with industry experts, case studies of media organizations that have implemented AI, and a review of relevant literature. The research will provide valuable insights for media organizations, policymakers, and researchers on the opportunities and challenges of AI in the Indian media industry, and how it is shaping the future of the industry.

‘Getting our voices heard in research: a review of peer researcher’s roles and experiences on a qualitative study of adult safeguarding policy

BackgroundHistorically, disabled people have been marginalised in research that traditionally adopted a medical model perspective. Since the 1970’s, there has been a shift from research on disabled people to research with disabled people with a strong emphasis on co-produced participatory research. Co-production involves disabled people working with academics to produce research and outcomes which are informed by the end user. This paper reflects on the role and experiences of peer researchers in co-producing a recent UK-wide research project called ‘Getting our Voices Heard’. This project sought to identify the best approaches for people with a learning disability and their supporting organisations to influence adult safeguarding policies, across the four jurisdictions of the UK.MethodsA co-produced participatory design was used to address the project aims; achieved through the establishment of a collaborative research team comprising academic researchers, key stakeholders and six peer researchers, each of whom had a learning disability. Semi-structured interviews were completed with senior policy makers. Following this, in each of the four Nations, an organisational case-study was completed (four in total). Organisations were purposively sampled to identify one organisation in each country which was recognised as being successful in influencing adult safeguarding policy. Data were gathered through focus groups discussions and semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders. Findings were developed into an Impact Strategy and Action Plan. Co-production methods were used throughout.ResultsSix individuals with a learning disability were recruited and trained to work as peer researchers, involved at key stages of the project, working alongside a wider research team. The role and experiences of the peer researchers in the context of policy are presented. Peer researchers provided largely positive first-hand accounts of their experiences. The importance of collaboration, the invaluable role of Learning Disability support organisations, and the need for additional time and resources to facilitate co-production, was noted.ConclusionWhilst peer researchers were positive about their experiences, some success in promoting co-produced research and areas for improvement were evident. Collaboration at all stages would have been strengthened with research funding which enabled involvement of all team members in all research activities.

Politics Against (De)politicization: The Basis and Crisis of Contemporary Student Movements in India

In the context of worldwide student protests against neoliberal economic agenda and depoliticizing market rationality, the essay seeks to understand the basis of ongoing student protests in India. On the basis of a case study of a radical left student organization from the state of West Bengal, India, the essay demonstrates that the dynamics of student protests in India is rooted in resistances against a state-sponsored depoliticization. The resistance is also against a structure of domination, legal and extra-legal that sustains such depoliticization in campuses as well as in the society at large. Borrowing framework from the studies in subjectivity, the essay argues that the basis of Indian student protests is anchored in a historically grounded subjectivity where students have often been called upon as a young citizen, responsible to the nation and people. At the same time, the crisis of these protests is born out of the lack of having a contemporary form of the said political subjectivity, enabling a re-articulation of the historical relationship between student, people and state-nation.

‘Things Won’t Improve if they’re Just Left to Fester’: A Qualitative Study Exploring How UK Care home Staff Perceive and Experience Engagement in Health Research

<strong>Context:</strong> Care homes are challenging environments in which to conduct research and are under-represented within research literature compared to healthcare settings. This is concerning as research can improve organisational and individual outcomes. Evidence is scant on exploring how care home staff perceive and experience research engagement; the topic requires further inquiry. <strong>Objective(s):</strong> To generate additional insights into how care home staff perceive and experience research engagement. <strong>Methods:</strong> A phenomenological approach using structured micro-interviews with a convenience, snowball sample of 26 care home staff in one care home. An inductive approach using thematic analysis was employed to analyse interview data. <strong>Findings:</strong> Most participants were unfamiliar with research, and cited time constraints, workload, and a lack of opportunity as barriers to participation. Despite their unfamiliarity, participants understood research to mean the attainment of knowledge and recognised positive and tangible outcomes as markers of successful research. Staff were generally unsure what would facilitate their engagement with research, although a few participants highlighted the role of the researcher as a determinant. Many care home staff in this study did not consider research to be part of their responsibility. <strong>Limitations:</strong> The study was limited by being based on one case study organisation, possible selection bias amongst participants, and the inability to transfer findings beyond Cornwall. <strong>Implications:</strong> More needs to be done to engage care home staff in research to improve their overall representation within research. More research is needed across different localities to replicate and validate the findings from this study.

Organizational Distance Also Matters

Geographically distributed teams often face challenges in coordination and collaboration, lowering their productivity. Understanding the relationship between team dispersion and productivity is critical for supporting such teams. Extensive prior research has studied these relations in lab settings or using qualitative measures. This paper extends prior work by contributing an empirical case study in a real-world organization, using quantitative measures. We studied 117 new research project teams from the same discipline within an industrial research lab for 6 months. During this time, all teams shared one goal: submitting research papers to the same target conference. We analyzed these teams' dispersion-related characteristics as well as team productivity. Interestingly, we found little statistical evidence that geographic and time differences relate to team productivity. However, organizational and functional distances are predictive of the productivity of the dispersed teams we studied. We discuss the open research questions these findings revealed and their implications for future research.

Using Programme Theory to evaluate Lean interventions in healthcare

Lean in healthcare has continued to attract practitioner and research interest over the past two decades yet lacks evidence of sustained application. This longitudinal case study examines Lean healthcare interventions through the lens of Programme Theory, to provide an understanding of the design and implementation of a Lean programme. Through a qualitative single case study of an NHS organisation implementing Lean, content analysis of 70 reports from a 6-year period was undertaken and supported by interview data from 12 respondents involved in Lean initiatives. Through Programme Theory, we identify contextual moderators, internal and external, informing the design and development of Lean efforts. The key to successful and sustained Lean efforts is staff acceptance of the Programme Theory for delivering and maintaining outcomes. This has been identified as a key social determinant for Lean sustainability. Results from the research provide practical implications for designing a programme that accommodates resource challenges while incorporating multiple contextual drivers. The case study highlights an organisation’s Lean journey and the best practices that evolved; however, further longitudinal investigations are required to validate the findings.

The Affective Dimension of Social Protection: A Case Study of Migrant-Led Organizations and Associations in Germany

This article follows the recent ‘affective turn’ in social sciences and migration scholarship by analyzing the role of emotions in the handling of social risks by people with different migration biographies. The study is based on large-scale research with migrant organizations in Germany, which are important, though often neglected, sources of social protection, identity development, and community building. Interviews and egocentric network diagrams with people using services in various organizations demonstrate the impact of emotions on social protection practices. Contrasting these practices among adult movers, the German-born, and the 1.5 generation with different migration biographies, we shed light on the processual, material, and relational nature and the emotional dimensions of dealing with social risks. In doing so, this work aims to engage in discussions on emotions in migration and settlement processes and to increase the understanding of their impact on social protection.

Physiotherapy as part of primary health care, Italy.

To describe the Family and Community Physiotherapist model, which aims to incorporate rehabilitation services within primary health care in Tuscany, Italy. The Department of Health Professions of the Central Tuscany local health authority designed the model during 2020-2021. We describe the four phases of the organizational case study implementation of the model, namely: (i)analysis of the political and organizational framework, as well as determination of changing health-care needs; (ii)model co-design and training of multiprofessional health-care workers (local general practitioners, physiatrists and geriatricians); (iii)delivery and surveillance of rehabilitation services; and (iv)evaluation. During the initial roll-out of the project in April-December 2021, general practitioners referred 165 patients with a mean age of 83.7years (standard deviation: 11.1) to the Family and Community Physiotherapist. Interventions were mainly activated for patients with comorbidities (64/165; 38.8%), followed by those with long-term immobilization issues (36/165; 21.8%). The most commonly provided intervention was counselling, contributing to the achievement of objectives for 127 patients (77.0%). A full rehabilitation path was proposed for only 10 patients (6.1%). No additional costs were incurred by the health authority during the implementation of the model. Our model facilitated the provision of rehabilitative care in the community, preventing the exacerbation of chronic conditions and meeting the population health needs in non-hospital environments. The model overcame the typical lack of integration within health-care services with flexibility, promoting care proximity solutions to cope with health challenges such as an ageing population and the coronavirus disease.

Implementing Agile Testing Methodologies in Banking Software Project

Agile software development has been increasingly popular in a number of sectors in recent years. Financial businesses are used to this tendency since it requires them to respond to changes in their business environments more swiftly. Agile approaches have emerged to address the limitations of old ones. In response to the ever-changing and dynamic nature of the business environment, software development businesses are increasingly implementing agile methodologies. The word "Agile" originally arose in the disciplines of software development and project management around thirty years ago. It is used to research with wide-ranging implications, and it is utilized at different levels and in different circumstances. Scrum, kanban, large-scale scrum (LeSS), spotify model, continuous integration, Scaled Agile Lean Development (SCALeD), and many more variations of the agile methodology have emerged. Initially implemented at the individual software development and team level, agile has developed into projects, programs, solutions, and portfolios over time, ultimately reaching full-service growth into an enterprise level framework. In order to examine agile methodologies, models, and practices in a less researched area of the banking and financial services industry—from software development and modelling to large-scale case study organization levels—a unique methodology to surveying the literature has been presented in this paper. The study's conclusion outlines the contributing variables, best practices, advantages, and lessons that professionals in the banking and financial services industries may apply to create a simplified, agile deployment.

“One of these things is not like the others”: the role of authentic leadership in cross-cultural leadership development

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to explore a possible relationship between the presence of authentic organisational leadership and the leadership development experience.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a qualitative exploratory hybrid research design which draws on data from multiple sources. Data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews, document analysis and non-participant observations across two case study organisations in Saudi Arabia.FindingsThe authors' findings suggest that the presence of authentic leadership (AL) within an organisation is a significant factor in the leadership development experience. This study also highlights the key importance of advancing leadership development theory that is holistic and comprehensive.Research limitations/implicationsThe study was conducted as case studies within a specific social context. Findings cannot be generalised but offer valuable direction for future research.Originality/valueThe research advances leadership development theory by highlighting the inadequacy of the person-focussed perspective and offering exploratory evidence for the role of social context, organisational leadership and organisational artefacts in the leadership development process.

Resilient supply management systems in times of crisis

PurposeThis study investigated how organizations can maintain their supply chain (SC) resilience in situations where high-impact shocks cannot be absorbed and what capabilities are needed. The article is an empirical exploration of a socio-ecological view of resilience in the SC context.Design/methodology/approachThe case under study in this article is that of Médecins sans Frontières (MSF) and MSF's reconfiguration of its supply management processes in response to the supply shocks during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In total, 503 internal documents and ERP extractions from six databases from late 2019 to September 2020, 43 semi-structured interviews and a 3-round policy Delphi process were used to investigate this phenomenon.FindingsThe authors' results show that throughout the pandemic, MSF adapted its procurement and supply processes to cope with supply shortages at both the international and local levels of the SC. This was possible due to the organization's capacity to use its exploitation and exploration capabilities of the organization at the same time.Research limitations/implicationsThis research is based on the single in-depth case study of a medical aid organization. Further research should investigate this phenomenon in commercial companies with similar or different organizational structures.Originality/valueThis study constitutes a first attempt to empirically demonstrate that the four phases of the adaptive cycle put forth in the panarchy theory constitute a suitable representation of the reconfigurations that SCs follow in response to a high-impact shock. The study also adds to the growing body of knowledge on resilience by including ambidexterity as a mechanism to achieve resilience.

Sustainability objectives and collaboration lifecycle in cluster organizations

In our paper, we combine two issues, collaboration in cluster organizations and sustainability, aiming to answer the question: Does complex governance structure of cluster organizations support members in formulating and reaching sustainability objectives? Based on four case studies of cluster organizations and a still novel abductive approach, we present the ways in which sustainability was executed in their functioning. Our study shows that the role of cluster organizations in formulating and reaching sustainability objectives varied with regard to their collaboration life cycle. The “Formation” stage laid the foundations for collaboration and relational governance, the “Growth” stage aimed at improving the economic performance of cluster members, while the “Extension” stage impacted more cluster stakeholders with regard to the economic, social and environmental sustainability objectives. Nevertheless, stakeholders’ self-interest induced collaboration, whereas relational governance was its essential feature. Moreover, the potential of cluster organizations’ governance structures was not fully exploited in the context of sustainability, their structures have played a role in raising awareness, but it was more the competitive factors that drove companies to engage in an activity because they wanted to stay in the market, change the conditions and keep up with trends. Our research also provides practical implications for various cluster organizations’ stakeholders.

Staff perceptions of organisational performance measurement implementation in a health charity.

The non-acute health charity sector forms part of the global health services industry. Organisational Performance Measurement (OPM) is fundamental for modern business to achieve sustained excellence yet is under-utilised by non-acute health charities. The Non-Acute Health Charity Performance Implementation Framework (NCPI Framework) was developed to support non-acute health charities undertaking OPM. A non-acute health charity case study undertook a 12-month OPM implementation process using the NCPI Framework. This study had three aims. Firstly, to understand the perceptions of staff employed by the case study organisation regarding their experience of the 12-month NCPI Framework implementation process, secondly to identify whether an interrelationship existed between the NCPI Framework's implementation elements and the staff's perspectives, and thirdly, identify areas of strength and improvement which could enhance the NCPI Framework's effectiveness. Data were collected post implementation and analysed thematically from open-ended question responses from an anonymous survey and semi-structured interviews. Participants supported the introduction of OPM and valued the NCPI Framework's structured implementation guidelines. Six interrelated themes were identified: clarity, adaptability, alignment, transparent communication, capability and accountability. Participants suggested adaptations to enhance the NCPI Framework's impact. A culture aligned with organisational learning was identified as potentially having a positive impact on the NCPI Framework's implementation. The NCPI Framework may also have relevance and application to the non-profit industry beyond non-acute health care and for use in program development and service quality initiatives.

Quality Management System in Education: Application of Quality Management Models in Educational Organization—Case Study from the Slovak Republic

The main mission of the internal quality system in educational institutions is to develop the importance of quality in all processes, create suitable conditions for increasing the loyalty and professional development of faculty staff, continually improve student satisfaction, and achieve recognition of educational institutions in the eyes of the public. In the Introduction, this paper covers the current state of the field of quality assurance of higher education in Slovakia. Quality management models that can be used appropriately and effectively in university conditions are identified in the next section. The aim of this overview section was to summarize the advantages and disadvantages resulting from the implementation of quality management models. The paper also includes a case study in which selected models of quality management implemented at a private university in Slovakia are described, especially the process model ISO 9001 and the common assessment framework (CAF) model. The self-assessment within the CAF model was carried out by a questionnaire survey; the obtained data were assessed by classical CAF scoring. The aim of the self-assessment was to identify problem areas and opportunities for improvement and to propose corrective actions. The specifics of the implementation of quality management models at a private university and the benefits resulting from the application are also been defined at the end of the article.

Managing business model innovation uncertainties in 5G technology: a future‐oriented sensemaking perspective

It is well‐established that technology – and particularly the uncertainties caused by emerging disruptive technologies – has an impact on industrial dynamics, forcing organizations to reimagine their business models. The in‐depth qualitative case study of a Nordic telecom organization shows that the uncertainties created by disruptive technologies initiate a process of sensemaking and business model innovation, while the new business model becomes manifested at the final phase of the process (i.e., enactment). The newly developed business model has three dimensions reflecting value‐centric activities, internal changes, and attempts to capitalize on external opportunities. Investigating the way in which managers handle uncertainties related to 5G, this research argues that business model innovation emerges from a future‐oriented sensemaking process. The process model developed in this study entails three distinct phases disaggregated into eight underlying dimensions. The present study contributes in two ways: first, it advances our understanding about managing future uncertainties regarding business model innovation by identifying future‐oriented sensemaking as a mechanism to manage these uncertainties. Second, it sheds light on the process model underpinning future‐oriented sensemaking for business model innovation.

Investigating the ‘Mission and Profit’ Paradox: Case Study of an Ecopreneurial Organisation in India

Based on a case study of a waste management services provider in India, this paper sets out to investigate how an ecopreneurial organisation balances the competing demands of environmental mission and profit generation. Results indicate that two internal organisational mechanisms, namely Leadership, and Organisational Processes, are instrumental in achieving the dual goals. The paper highlights the role of contextual factors in supporting such organisations, and in doing so, it responds to the call for research to examine social entrepreneurship in wider contexts including Asia, Latin America, and Africa, to address ‘marginalisation’ of studies in the field.

Exploring the work and organisation of local Healthwatch in England: a mixed-methods ethnographic study

BackgroundLocal Healthwatch organisations are an important part of the landscape of health and care commissioning and provision in England. In addition, local Healthwatch organisations are a key means by which users of services are given voice to influence decisions about health and care commissioning and provision.ObjectiveWe aimed to explore and enhance the operation and impact of local Healthwatch in ensuring effective patient and public voice in the commissioning and provision of NHS services.DesignWe used mixed methods, including a national survey (96/150 responses, 68%); actor network theory-inspired ethnographic data collection in five local Healthwatch organisations (made up of 75 days’ fieldwork, 84 semistructured interviews, 114 virtual interviews, observations during the COVID-19 pandemic and documentary analysis) and serial interviews about experiences during the pandemic with 11 Healthwatch staff and four volunteers who were members of a Healthwatch Involvement Panel (which also guided data collection and analysis). Finally, we ran five joint interpretive forums to help make sense of our data.SettingOur five Healthwatch case study organisations are of varying size and organisational form and are located in different parts of England.ResultsWe found significant variation in the organisation and work of Healthwatch organisations nationally, including hosting arrangements, scale of operations, complexity of relationships with health and care bodies, and sources of income beyond core funding. Key points of divergence that were consequential for Healthwatch activities included the degree of autonomy from host organisations and local understandings of accountability to various constituencies. These points of divergence gave rise to very different modes of operation and different priorities for enacting the nationally prescribed responsibilities of Healthwatch organisations locally. Large variations in funding levels created Healthwatch organisations that diverged not just in scale but in focus. As the COVID-19 pandemic unfolded, Healthwatch found new approaches to giving voice to the views of the public and formed effective relationships with other agencies.RecommendationsWe identified generalisable principles of good practice regarding the collection and communication of evidence. Policy implications relate to (1) the overall funding regime for Healthwatch and potential inequalities in what is available to local populations and (2) the development of Healthwatch’s role given the evolution of local health and care systems since 2012.Future workFuture studies should explore (1) the consequences of the development of integrated care systems for local Healthwatch organisations, (2) Healthwatch in an international comparative perspective, (3) how the response to the COVID-19 pandemic has reconfigured the voluntary sector locally and (4) how Healthwatch responds formally and informally to a newly emerging focus on public health and health inequalities.LimitationsThe survey sought only self-reported information on impact and we were unable to recruit a Healthwatch that hosted several contracts.ConclusionsThe diversity of the Healthwatch network belies its otherwise unitary appearance. This diversity – especially in differential funding arrangements – has considerable implications for equity of access to influencing health and care planning and provision for residents across England.FundingThis project was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health and Social Care Delivery Research programme and will be published in full inHealth and Social Care Delivery Research; Vol. 10, No. 32. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.

Recovery Colleges Characterisation and Testing in England (RECOLLECT): rationale and protocol

BackgroundRecovery Colleges are a relatively recent initiative within mental health services. The first opened in 2009 in London and since then numbers have grown. They are based on principles of personal recovery in mental health, co-production between people with lived experience of mental health problems and professionals, and adult learning. Student eligibility criteria vary, but all serve people who use mental health services, with empirical evidence of benefit. Previously we developed a Recovery College fidelity measure and a preliminary change model identifying the mechanisms of action and outcomes for this group, which we refer to as service user students. The Recovery Colleges Characterisation and Testing (RECOLLECT) study is a five-year (2020–2025) programme of research in England. The aim of RECOLLECT is to determine Recovery Colleges’ effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, and identify organisational influences on fidelity and improvements in mental health outcomes. MethodsRECOLLECT comprises i) a national survey of Recovery Colleges, ii) a prospective cohort study to establish the relationship between fidelity, mechanisms of action and psychosocial outcomes, iii) a prospective cohort study to investigate effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, iv) a retrospective cohort study to determine the relationship between Recovery College use and outcomes and mental health service use, and v) organisational case studies to establish the contextual and organisational factors influencing fidelity and outcomes. The programme has been developed with input from individuals who have lived experience of mental health problems. A Lived Experience Advisory Panel will provide input into all stages of the research.DiscussionRECOLLECT will provide the first rigorous evidence on the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of Recovery Colleges in England, to inform their prioritising, commissioning, and running. The validated RECOLLECT multilevel change model will confirm the active components of Recovery Colleges. The fidelity measure and evidence about the fidelity-outcome relationship will provide an empirically-based approach to develop Recovery Colleges, to maximise benefits for students. Findings will be disseminated through the study website (researchintorecovery.com/recollect) and via national and international Recovery College networks to maximise impact, and will shape policy on how Recovery Colleges can help those with mental health problems lead empowered, meaningful and fulfilling lives.

Guiding organisational decision-making about COVID-19 asymptomatic testing in workplaces: mixed-method study to inform an ethical framework

BackgroundWorkplace programmes to test staff for asymptomatic COVID-19 infection have become common, but raise a number of ethical challenges. In this article, we report the findings of a consultation that informed the development of an ethical framework for organisational decision-making about such programmes.MethodsWe conducted a mixed-method consultation – a survey and semi-structured interviews during November–December 2020 in a UK case study organisation that had introduced asymptomatic testing for all staff working on-site in its buildings. Analysis of closed-ended survey data was conducted descriptively. An analysis approach based on the Framework Method was used for the open-ended survey responses and interview data. The analyses were then integrated to facilitate systematic analysis across themes. Inferences were based on the integrated findings and combined with other inputs (literature review, ethical analysis, legal and public health guidance, expert discussions) to develop an ethical framework.ResultsThe consultation involved 61 staff members from the case study organisation (50 survey respondents and 11 interview participants). There was strong support for the asymptomatic testing programme: 90% of the survey respondents viewed it as helpful or very helpful. Open-ended survey responses and interviews gave insight into participants’ concerns, including those relating to goal drift, risk of false negatives, and potential negative impacts for household members and people whose roles lacked contractual and financial stability. Integration of the consultation findings and the other inputs identified the importance of a whole-system approach with appropriate support for the key control measure of isolation following positive tests. The need to build trust in the testing programme, for example through effective communication from leaders, was also emphasised.ConclusionsThe consultation, together with other inputs, informed an ethical framework intended to support employers. The framework may support organisational decision-making in areas ranging from design and operation of the programme through to choices about participation. The framework is likely to benefit from further consultation and refinement in new settings.