Case Study Of House Research Articles

Life Cycle Assessment of Building Materials for a Single-family House in Sweden

The Nordic countries have shown great interest in using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) in the building sector compared to the past years. Sweden has set up an objective to be carbon neutral (no greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere) by 2045. This paper presents a case study of a single-family house “Dalarnas Villa” in the region Dalarna, Sweden within a 100-year perspective. The assessment is implemented using a new software based on hard data agreed by Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs). It focuses on building materials, transport distances of the materials, and replacement of essential construction materials. The LCA in this study demonstrates the environmental impact related to building materials from production and construction phase including transport, replacement and deconstruction phase. The study does not cover energy use and water consumption. The results show that the building slab made by concrete is the part of the construction most contributing to CO2e, while the wood frame and cellulose insulation have low environmental impact. Replacement of materials takes nearly half of total environmental impact over 100 years. Having a large share of wood-based products, make greenhouse gas emissions remains low.

Effect of alternative walling material on indoor temperature

This paper demonstrates the effect of an alternative walling element on the indoor temperature through a case study of a slum house. Using locally available biobriquette ash (BFA), cellular lightweight (CLW) bricks were developed and compared with conventional fly ash (FA) bricks. Two double-storey representative models (FA bricks and BFA-CLW bricks) were constructed in Trnsys software to analyse the indoor temperature. The estimated peak temperature reductions for the ground and first floors of the BFA-CLW model are 4·2 and 1·9%, respectively. Reductions in the area under the curve of the BFA-CLW model are 2·6 and 1% (year) and 20 and 9% (summer) for the ground and first floors compared to those of the FA model. The cost comparison for BFA-CLW brickwork showed 28% reduction compared to that for FA brickwork, while the embodied energy of the brickwork is equivalent. The application of the proposed bricks shows advantages over FA brick and, thus, can be adopted for sustainable construction practices.

Assessing overheating risk and thermal comfort in state-of-the-art prototype houses that combat exacerbated climate change in UK

There is growing evidence that terraced houses—thermally lightweight, well insulated, naturally ventilated with three exposed wall surfaces—are at risk of overheating, especially in south-eastern England. The aim of this study is to evaluate the building performance and develop a reliable building simulation, which will be employed in the second phase of the study: developing affordable and feasible passive design strategies to support the energy-efficient building systems of the construction industry. This paper reports on the results from the first phase of the study where a quantitative methodology, including indoor and outdoor environmental monitoring, in-situ measurements and building simulation modelling, was adopted. The performance of a case study was modelled and simulated via employing Integrated Environmental Solutions (IES) software suite.The results from the base-case were analysed according to the adaptive thermal comfort of Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers (CIBSE) Technical Memorandum 52 guidelines: The Limits of Thermal Comfort—Avoiding Overheating in European Buildings. The spaces studied within the case study house were observed to exceed the acceptable limits of thermal comfort; particularly, the large bedroom within this zone exceeded the upper limit for overheating up to 11 h daily. Furthermore, the results from the monitoring study indicate a high risk of summertime overheating across all the case study settings, especially during short-term peaks in outdoor temperatures. The main reasons for the problematic thermal performance were identified as well-insulated and fully air-tight building fabric, the lack of sufficient ventilation through the living spaces and excessive heat gains through the composite cladding material.

Assessment of Adaptive Reuse Practices through User Experiences: Traditional Houses in the Walled City of Nicosia

The conservation of traditional residential architecture is crucial in terms of sociocultural continuity. When the traditional houses are no longer used for residential purposes, new functions should be assigned to them for the continuity of the heritage buildings. However, new functions should respect the originality of the heritage building. This research focuses on the conservation and reuse of traditional houses located in the walled city of Nicosia. The walled city is divided into two parts as north and south with a buffer zone between the two. This paper includes case studies of re-functioned traditional houses from the two parts. The study questions the appropriateness of the new functions that have been assigned to the traditional houses both in the northern and southern parts of the city. This research aims to measure and compare the success of the adaptive reuse practices through user experiences. As the method of study, the literature survey was carried out to identify different aspects of adaptive reuse projects. Then, selected buildings were observed through site surveys in order to discover the current condition of the adaptive reuse projects. The third step was to complete the questionnaires with different users in order to question the success of the adaptive reuse projects through the user experience. Finally, the collected data were evaluated and discussed. The respondents were asked to answer questions about each building, which are organized under the three categories of sociocultural, economic, and physical aspects of the heritage buildings. As observed with the evaluated case studies, heritage buildings that are re-functioned with the public use, such as commercial, cultural, and educational use, are more successful in contributing to the sociocultural and economic development of the city. The preservation and reuse of abandoned traditional houses in the walled city contribute to the continuity and livability of the city. For the continuity of the heritage buildings, sociocultural, economic, and physical aspects should be taken into consideration with a holistic approach.

Effects of Building Microclimate on the Thermal Environment of Traditional Japanese Houses during Hot-Humid Summer

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of building microclimate on the indoor thermal environment of traditional Japanese houses, focusing especially on the shading effect of trees as well as the cooling effect of spraying water. Basically, the indoor thermal environment was found to follow the outdoor conditions due to the open-plan and lightweight wooden structure. Nevertheless, air temperatures of the living rooms in the two case study houses were lower than the corresponding outdoors by approximately 0.5 °C and 2 °C, respectively. It was found that the semi-outdoor spaces acted as thermal buffers for promoting cross-ventilation as well as pre-cooling to provide “warm but breezy” conditions to the surrounding indoor spaces. The results showed that the surface temperature of semi-outdoor spaces can be reduced by shading and water spraying, among which shading has prolonged effects and water spraying can reduce the surface temperature during peak hours and the following night.

Assessment Of Morphological Analysis Of Iraqi Traditional Courtyards Houses

The traditional Iraqi courtyards house demonstrates fundamentals principles in term of construction, its spatial organization and design can be compared with the modern home. The research claims the current housing design in Iraq does not fulfill the cultural and the social need of their residence; the traditional courtyard houses have manifested that in the uniqueness form in the plan. This research attempts to analyze the historical and traditional courtyard house as the arisen construction of houses in Iraq. The research objective is to document the architectural forms of the courtyards houses in Iraq. The form of the house is one of the aspects to be studied and understood as it measures and establishes the architecture design concept of these dwellings. Morphological study on the form of eight case studies of the Iraqi Traditional Courtyards Houses has been utilized. The aim is to discuss and inspect the uniqueness of these units that served their residences for decades. Additionally, the author used computer software (AutoCAD and 3d Max) to redraw the cases to be more representative. The study’s significance is to add a distinct understanding among designers, planners and decision-makers to put into consideration the future architecture of houses design and to preserve the traditional houses from vanishing. The findings revealed that privacy has a great influence on the design layout of the traditional house which presented in the simplicity of design and the separation between zones.

1인 노인가구와 반려견의 공생을 위한 주택사례 연구

1인 노인가구와 반려견의 공생을 위한 주택사례 연구

Termografía infrarroja para el diagnóstico térmico confiable con alta replicabilidad y bajo costo de viviendas en Mendoza, Argentina

The aim of the paper is to assess the usefulness of infrared thermography for a quick diagnostic of the thermal performance of the existing building stock. A representative housing case study in the city of Mendoza (32o40’SL, 68o51’WL, 750m above sea level) was selected and infrared imaging was carried out with a low cost thermograph camera (FLIR i3) at two times every day, in the late evening (8 pm) and in the early morning (7 am), for avoiding possible mistakes due to incident direct solar radiation. Emissivity was introduced in the camera according with local material studies. At the same time continuous measurement of air temperature inside and outside were taken with data-loggers with the objective of examining in detail the obtained results by the thermographic survey. Because the case studied has a high thermal inertia the survey in the evening shows better the different behaviour of construction materials. It is concluded that the thermogaphic survey resulted a valuable tool for quick thermal diagnostic in building certification if a specific protocol is followed in order to obtain accurate results.

Investigating the effect of family structure changes on houses' spatial organization using grounded theory: A case study of the houses of Yazd

Investigating the effect of family structure changes on houses' spatial organization using grounded theory: A case study of the houses of Yazd

Developing an optimized strategy achieving design flexibility in small-area units: Case study of Egyptian economic housing

Some countries, especially Egypt, have sought to use small housing units as a solution for housing financial problems. Unfortunately, householders faced various problems with units’ design which obliged them to either leave their units, modify them to meet their needs, or live in their poorly designed units. The current work aims at obtaining an optimized design strategy through applying the “design flexibility” concept on economic housing units. The achieved strategy was investigated on a selected case study in Egypt, namely: Mubarak housing for youth. This strategy led to area optimized utilization. Hence, involving design flexibility makes the units more suitable and affordable for individuals, Fundable for the economy and friendly for the environment (reduce wasted material and energy). Therefore, design flexibility matches the sustainability principles (social, economic and environmental).

Ambiente bioclimático de la vivienda residencial en el Municipal de Juárez, Nuevo León

Introduccion: El clima exterior conjuntamente con el diseno arquitectonico, los materiales de la vivienda residencial en zona suburbana en el Municipio de Juarez, Nuevo Leon y el sistema de construccion determinan el rendimiento termico y su capacidad para ofrecer condiciones comodas al usuario. La vivienda residencial debe proporcionar un ambiente interior comodo que debe estar razonablemente asegurado independientemente de las fluctuaciones climaticas del exterior. El objetivo de investigacion es determinar en el ambiente interior oscilaciones de temperatura temporales en verano de la vivienda residencial, estableciendo el grado del ambiente bioclimatico. Metodo: Se implemento el tipo multimodal y por triangulacion, ya que los diferentes metodos aplicados ofrecen el acercamiento cuantitativo del objetivo de investigacion, facilitando el analisis del estudio de caso y asi poder evaluarlo. Al mismo tiempo, la presente investigacion se apoya en varios tipos de estudio para lograr resultados idoneos como el descriptivo, bibliografico y de campo. La investigacion es un procedimiento que permite centrar la atencion en el comportamiento de la vivienda residencial estudio de caso, para obtener informacion amplia y profunda, para contrastarla bioclimaticamente. Resultados: Se fortalecio con mayor detalle la evaluacion climatologica de los ultimos 25 anos para determinar la temperatura ambiental media anual-mensual del Municipio de Juarez, Nuevo Leon y en el ambiente interno de la vivienda residencial mediante graficos bioclimaticos y su discusion en tablas del ambiente bioclimatico, dependiendo de la zona de comodidad de temperatura del estudio con un modelo de variacion horaria de los limites comodos que tendria ventajas termicas, algunas de ellas relacionadas con los estudios sobre la adecuacion climatica en vivienda residencial. Para identificar los efectos de cada variable constructiva sobre la comodidad ambiental o sobre la eficiencia energetica de la vivienda residencial en el Municipio de Juarez, Nuevo Leon, generalmente se calculo, en dias-hora-grado, los valores termicos por temperatura a lo largo de los dias del mes y del dia tipico, considerando el mes critico de temperaturas altas a agosto en 2017. Conclusion: Explica los resultados cuantitativos y las manifestaciones que perfeccionan la comprension del tema del ambiente bioclimatico en la vivienda residencial.

Electricity Consumption Estimation of the Polymer Material Injection-Molding Manufacturing Process: Empirical Model and Application

Polymer injection-molding is one of the most used manufacturing processes for the production of plastic products. Its electricity consumption highly influences its cost as well as its environmental impact. Reducing these factors is one of the challenges that material science and production engineering face today. However, there is currently a lack of data regarding electricity consumption values for injection-molding, which leads to significant errors due to the inherent high variability of injection-molding and its configurations. In this paper, an empirical model is proposed to better estimate the electricity consumption and the environmental impact of the injection-molding process. This empirical model was created after measuring the electricity consumption of a wide range of parts. It provides a method to estimate both electricity consumption and environmental impact, taking into account characteristics of both the molded parts and the molding machine. A case study of an induction cooktop housing is presented, showing adequate accuracy of the empirical model and the importance of proper machine selection to reduce cost, electricity consumption, and environmental impact.

Linking design and operation performance analysis through model calibration: Parametric assessment on a Passive House building

Efficient buildings are an essential component of sustainability and energy transitions, which represent today a techno-economic and socio-economic problem. New paradigms are emerging both for new and existing buildings (e.g. NZEBs) and passive design strategies are becoming increasingly common. However, the adoption of these strategies in mild climates has to be carefully evaluated to prevent overheating in intermediate seasons and increasing cooling loads in summer, considering also climate change scenarios. Additionally, optimistic assumptions about building technology performance are often considered and the variability of occupant comfort preferences and behaviour is generally neglected in the design phase. The research presented aims at verifying the suitability of a simple, robust and scalable calibration approach (based on multivariate linear regression) to link design and operational performance analysis transparently, using a Passive House case study building. First, the original baseline design configuration is compared with a larger spectrum of data generated by means of parametric simulation, following a Design of Experiment (DOE) approach. After that, regression models are trained first on simulation data and then progressively calibrated on measured data during a three year monitoring period. The two fundamental objectives are evaluating the robustness of design phase performance analysis through parametric simulation (i.e. detecting potentially critical assumptions) and maintaining a continuity with operation phase performance analysis (i.e. exploiting the feed-back from measured data).

Zoning Transformation at Sport Center and Its Influence Toward Housing-Case Study: Arcamanik Sport Center and Arcamanik Housing in Indonesia

Housing and settlements in Indonesia continue to grow to meet the needs of people in their homes. This increase is growing with other facilities, to become a sports facility, as happened in Arcamanik settlement, in city of Bandung, Indonesia. In development of its housing function, there are other function changes that occur in the residential building. That is a change of dwelling house that develops as a place of business. These housing and settlements prioritize quality of community life by building public and social facilities, especially in the health sector such as the Sport Center area. Activity of this sports center is growing up to the national game in Indonesia. By doing research on the activities of the sports center that occurred, and development of changes in function of housing, the resulting transformation zoning that occurs. Expected to improve the health and success of urban areas.

Cultural Heritage Transfer of the Traditional Thai House: Usiri Family Houses

Traditional Thai house architecture is a significant part the Thai culture and heritage. One unique attribute of traditional Thai house construction is the modular, pre-fabricated wood components, with non-permanent connections. This allows the house to be dissembled and reassembled in a new location without damage. This is a case study of Thai-style houses built and owned by six generations of the Usiri family. Their houses have been passed down from the first to subsequent generations. From only two Thai-style houses 130 years ago, there are now eleven houses as part of an expanding cultural inheritance.Keywords: cultural heritage; traditional house; preservation; living environment.eISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i13.143

The role of the Entrepreneurial House in spreading entrepreneurial culture and thought in the university milieu as a tool to solve the problem of unemployment among university graduates - a case study of the Entrepreneurial House of Mila University Center

This Article aimed to clarify the role of Entrepreneurship House indissemination the entrepreneurship culture in the universities, and try to findout the causes of high unemployment among graduate students, in order tomake proposals to reduce them. The study focused on EntrepreneurshipHouse at the university centre ABDULHAFID BOULOSOUF - Mila2 The descriptive approach was used by describing the most importantconcepts related to this study, and then presenting the important activities thatwere organized by Entrepreneurship House, and showing their impact on thedissemination the entrepreneurship culture at university centreABDULHAFID BOULOSOUF – Mila. It was found that the main reason for the high unemployment rateamong graduate students is due to the policy of the state in this field, inaddition to the lack of awareness among students about the importance ofinvestment orientation, and the necessary to adoption of entrepreneurialthinking as a new alternative to career, The Entrepreneurship House attachesgreat importance to spreading this awareness through the activities itorganizes annually for the benefit of students. 

Towards net zero energy modular housing: a case study

The paper summarizes an investigation of the performance of container based housing units developed by Ladacor Ltd, and compares this performance to traditional housing constructed according to existing standards and codes. The results indicate that the case study housing system can reduce thermal loads (heating and cooling) by about 57% as compared to the same house designed according to the code. Implementing additional efficiency measures and solar design strategies such as increased south window size, suitable shading devices, thermal mass, and more airtight construction, leads to improved performance. This enhanced scenario can reduce the thermal load by 72% as compared to the code scenario and by about 35% as compared to the original case study system. Achieving a net-zero energy status can be reached by integrating photovoltaics on the south roof of the single-family housing designed with Ladacor roof, assuming energy efficient appliances, lighting and domestic hot water. The optimal case can reach a net positive energy status, with a PV system integrated on the south facing roof surface. Results from this investigation can serve in developing innovative design concepts and guidelines for the design of low cost, self-sufficient modular housing.

Social perception of urban agriculture in Latin-America. A case study in Mexican social housing

Food security is at the heart of governmental agendas of developing countries. In Latin America, urban agriculture (UA) offers an interesting alternative to ensuring a sufficient, safe and nutritious food supply for urban populations. However, Latin American cities have been subject to radical transformations in the last decades, most apparently through the expansion of social housing. The main objective of this research is to analyze the social perceptions and feasibility of UA in Mexican social housing neighborhoods.The Mérida city was used as a representative case study. Structured interviews were given to 65 key stakeholders across different categories (residents, urban government officials and technical experts). The results indicate a nonexistent perception of UA in Mérida, despite the secular agricultural tradition of the Yucatan region. Nevertheless, respondents agreed in their interest in potentially developing UA activities to improve diets, increase green areas, support local economies, and reduce CO2 emissions. The main perceived barriers for UA are the prevalent model of housing, with a very limited floor area, and the current approach to urban planning, which lacks non-built-up areas. Significantly, large artificialized zones create suitable areas to implement UA on extended rooftops.Finally, stakeholders demand the intervention of authorities at different levels (Federal [national], State [regional] and local) as a requirement to develop UA properly. The main pathways for this support should be to prepare new urban and housing policies and introduce economic incentives.

Carbon Reduction Measures-Based LCA of Prefabricated Temporary Housing with Renewable Energy Systems

Temporary housing plays an important role in providing secure, hygienic, private, and comfortable shelter in the aftermath of disaster (such as flood, fire, earthquake, etc.). Additionally, temporary housing can also be used as a sustainable form of on-site residences for construction workers. While most of the building components used in temporary housing can be manufactured in a plant, prefabrication technology improves the production efficiency of temporary housing; furthermore, integrated renewable energy systems, for example, solar photovoltaic (PV) system, offer benefits for temporary housing operations. In order to assess the environmental impacts of prefabricated temporary housing equipped with renewable energy systems, this study first divides the life cycle of temporary housing into six stages, and then establishes a life cycle assessment (LCA) model for each stage. Furthermore, with the aim of reducing the environmental impacts, life cycle carbon reduction measures are proposed for each stage of temporary housing. The proposed methodology is demonstrated using a case study in China. Based on the proposed carbon reduction measures, the LCA of a prefabricated temporary housing case study building equipped with renewable energy systems indicates a carbon emissions intensity of 35.7 kg/m2·per year, as well as a reduction in material embodied emissions of 18%, assembly emissions of 17.5%, and operational emissions of 91.5%. This research proposes a carbon reduction-driven LCA of temporary housing and contributes to promoting sustainable development of prefabricated temporary housing equipped with renewable energy systems.

PEMANFAATAN SIKLUS PEMBUANGAN AIR TERHADAP SISTEM DRAINASE PERUMAHAN KOTA

Flooding as one of the big problems in Jambi City can be overcome by arranging drainage and drainage system for flood control. However, excess water during floods and used in anticipation of water shortages during the dry season has not been widely studied. The basic principle of water utilization is the engineering into a system of absorption wells or also known as water conservation which aims to prevent or minimize the lost water as the flow of the surface and store it as much as possible into the earth. The study was conducted in Jambi City, taking a case study of housing by conducting engineering to the housing drainage system so that new designs are emerging. The analysis is in the form of field observation and data analysis. This residential location is located in Paalmerah Village with 78/105 building type and there are 23 units of buildings with garden facilities and security. The results show that based on the intensity of rainfall, the dimensions of absorption wells and reservoirs can be determined for Jatayu housing. The dimension of absorption well is with the diameter of circle 1m and height 1.89 m while for the storage tub dimension is rectangular cross section with size 2m x 1.5 m x 1.5 m.Keywords: rainfall, water conservation, efficiency