Case Study Of City Research Articles

Community-Focused Renewable Energy Transition with Virtual Power Plant in an Australian City—A Case Study

The global transition to a renewable-powered economy is gaining momentum as renewable energy becomes more cost-effective and energy-efficient. Renewable-energy-integrated Virtual Power Plants (VPPs) are capable of facilitating renewable transition, reducing distributed generator impacts, and creating value for prosumers and communities by producing renewable energy, engaging in the electricity market, and providing electricity network functions. In this paper, we conducted a case study in the City of Greater Bendigo to evaluate the challenges and opportunities of the community-focused renewable energy transition through establishing VPP with community-based renewable generators and storage systems. A reinforcement learning algorithm was formulated to optimise the energy supply, load shifting, and market trading in the VPP system. The proposed VPP system has great potential to improve the economic value and carbon emission reduction performance of local renewable resources: it can reduce 50–70% of the case study city’s carbon emissions in 10 years and lower the electricity price from the current range of 0.15 AUD/kWh (off-peak) −0.30 AUD/kWh (peak) as provided by Victorian Essential Services Committee to 0.05 AUD/kWh (off-peak) (peak). Overall, this study proposed a comprehensive framework to investigate community-based VPP in a complex urban environment and validated the capability of the VPP in supporting the renewable transition for Australian communities.

Decent Housing Rights Handling Related to Backlog During Covid-19 Pandemic: Samarinda City Case Study

Background: Backlog issues were the main problems during the pandemic. Samarinda City Government is trying to overcome this by presenting affordable housing with the concept of the welfare state (wohlfahrtsstaat). However, this has not been realized, especially for the homeless and People with Social Welfare Problems (PMKS). Aim: This study aims to analyze the Samarinda City Government’s effort to overcome the backlog issue to fulfill the right to decent housing for PMKS. Method: This research used a juridical normative method by statute and a case study approach with legal sociological. Findings: The results show the housing rights fulfillment in Samarinda City has not been fulfilled as a crucial issue to mitigate the spread of Covid-19. The policy implications are still in conflict with constraints such as land availability and are not yet equity-oriented. It is necessary to synchronize policy arrangements with the fulfillment of rights through human rights conventions which are ratified by the Samarinda City Government on availability, affordability, and sustainability aspects.

Investigating and predicting Land Surface Temperature (LST) based on remotely sensed data during 1987–2030 (A case study of Reykjavik city, Iceland)

Investigating and predicting Land Surface Temperature (LST) based on remotely sensed data during 1987–2030 (A case study of Reykjavik city, Iceland)

A full permutation polygon synthetic indicator (FPPSI) approach for measuring and evaluating city prosperity: case study in Da Nang City, Vietnam

Economic growth has dominated development strategies and goals for many years, but prosperity encompasses more than that. In 2013, UN-Habitat proposed the City Prosperity Initiative (CPI) as a tool to quantify cities' prosperity and sustainable development. The CPI is accompanied by six essential components with 62 indicators associated with the urban settlement, incorporating productivity, infrastructure development, quality of life, social inclusion, environmental sustainability, and urban governance and legislation. The research aims to use the indicators of CPI and adopted the Full Permutation Polygon Synthetic Indicator method to measure and evaluate the level of prosperity of Da Nang City of Vietnam with data from 2004 to 2019. According to the findings of our study, the value of a synthetic indicator for the prosperity of Da Nang City increased, from 0.34 in 2004 to 0.36 in 2009, 0.43 in 2014, and 0.45 in 2019, which indicates a moderate level of wealth. On the one hand, Da Nang City has high levels of quality of life, equity and social inclusion, and urban governance and legislation. However, the city still has modest determinants of prosperity in terms of the environment, productivity and infrastructure. The Full Permutation Polygon Synthetic Indicator technique provides a comprehensive solution that illustrates the system integration idea. As a result, the proposed methodology offers a potential foundation for decision-making to promote sustainable urban development strategies and assess the effectiveness of these actions

Cultural Tradition as a Local Context for Sustainable of Urban Identity in Gianyar City Case Study

This study explores the role of cultural traditions in maintaining identity for the city’s sustainability by looking at the relationship between cultural traditions, conservation, and urban design. Local culture, customs, and traditions are recognized as forming the character of space that gives identity. So cultural sustainability becomes a higher emphasis in sustainable development activities. Tradition can be understood and even creates a sense of place for local communities towards their environment in globalization if the principle of cultural essence is not threatened. Gianyar City, Bali, was chosen as a case study representing other cities with possibly similar characteristics. This area has the potential to fulfill a sustainable urban revitalization initiative. The study shows three urban form determinants, the dominant characteristics that project the attributes of fixedness and permanence: (1) Desa Adat, (2) pempatan agung (catuspatha), and (3) spatial division based on direction orientation (mandala and luan teben). It proves that tradition can bridge the change and development of community culture by ensuring that the basic beliefs of a group can be expressed and maintained in a residential environment.

Smart City Solutions from a Societal Perspective—A Case Study

More and more cities are evolving towards the smart city concept, which brings about a tangible effect of raised life quality levels. This is confirmed by the satisfaction of inhabitants with the introduced smart solutions. It is their opinion on this issue that is crucial, as they are the main beneficiaries of these measures. This article presents a case study of a medium-sized city, which illustrates the smart city issue from an inhabitants' perspective. An analysis of objective indices classifies a city as smart, and it is included in European lists of smart cities. It is interesting, however, to see how the inhabitants themselves assess the city in the context of the smart solutions in place. Are they relevant to them? Has the quality of life increased? Are they satisfied with the individual aspects of city functioning? What solutions are they awaiting? What areas require changes? The involvement of inhabitants and the public participation level were also assessed. The questionnaire survey results indicated whether the city can be classified as a smart city of the future and identified the spheres of the city's activities that need improvement. The main conclusions are that inhabitants have a positive perception of a city's smart services provided that their implementation results in an enhanced quality of life. At the same time, even though inhabitants are aware of the smart services introduced, they do not fully use them, which may be due to their low attractiveness, a lack of promotion on the part of the city, or a lack of equipment readiness.

Investigating the Relationship between Tourism and Creating a Happy City: A Case Study of Chalous and Nowshahr Cities, Mazandaran, Iran

Investigating the Relationship between Tourism and Creating a Happy City: A Case Study of Chalous and Nowshahr Cities, Mazandaran, Iran

Automatic construction of POI address lists at city streets from geo-tagged photos and web data: a case study of San Jose City

Automatic construction of POI address lists at city streets from geo-tagged photos and web data: a case study of San Jose City

Spatial intelligence: integration of land use to connectivity in the context of eastern urbanism

PurposeThere is an urgent need to develop a systematic tool for urban design in the cities of the Klang Valley, Malaysia. Sustainable Development Goal 11 (SDG11) proposes ideas to make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable. This paper approaches this goal through land use, integrated into an effective connectivity network. It offers a scientific and systematic approach. The research employs Space Syntax of the University College London as a tool for urban analysis and the principles of Sustainable Street Networks developed by the Congress of New Urbanism to respond to connectivity issues.Design/methodology/approachThe paper employs empirical research through case studies. A systematic literature review is conducted on the diversified applications of the Space Syntax correlations, which steered the fundamental analysis of the elements of deconstruction to structure and land use. Space Syntax and Sustainable Street Network characteristics were the essential research methods. It is important to note that these data a new finding on the Syntactic Maps of the two case study cities.FindingsThe paper summarises a set of results on (1) international comparison of spatial intelligence, (2) patterns from the Eastern cases and (3) theoretical guidelines for spatial intelligence through the Syntax by offering key characteristics of the New Urbanism principles, which could be considered, while revitalising the cities in the Klang Valley, Malaysia.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings are specific and applicable to the oriental contexts. However, such results have been further compared to the Western context.Practical implicationsThe study develops a toolkit for urban planners and designers and architects in Klang Valley, Malaysia.Social implicationsThe research has focused and will add value for SDG11: Sustainable Cities and Communities. Theoretically, the paper offers insights to urban design readers.Originality/valueIt is important to note that the data itself is a new finding on Syntactic Maps of the two case study cities. The investigated setting is unique, and the first attempt in generating a Space Syntax map to the cities of Klang Valley, and the findings, therefore, offer a new set of knowledge-base to the city planners, urban designers, researchers and architects.

Construction of Urban Environmental Performance Evaluation System Based on Multivariate System Theory and Comparative Analysis: A Case Study of Chengdu-Chongqing Twin Cities, China.

Based on the related environmental data of Chengdu and Chongqing from 2011 to 2020, this paper constructs a multivariate environment performance evaluation system, combines the self-built indicator system determination criteria and rules, evaluates and compares the environmental performance of Chengdu and Chongqing, and also discusses the impact of COVID-19 on urban environmental performance. The research results show that the overall environmental performance increased from 2011 to 2020, but there are differences between different subsystems, mainly manifested in the best water environment performance, followed by air environment and solid waste; moreover, the noise environment maintains a relatively stable level. By comparing the average levels of various subsystems of the Chengdu-Chongqing dual cities from 2011 to 2020, it can be seen that Chengdu City has better environmental performance in air environment and solid waste, while Chongqing City has better environmental performance in the water environment and noise environment. In addition, this paper also found that the impact of the epidemic on urban environmental performance mainly comes from the impact on the air environment. At present, the overall environmental performance of the two places has shown a trend of environmentally coordinated development. In the future, Chengdu and Chongqing should further optimize and improve their relatively weak environmental subsystems, deepen the joint action mechanism between the two places, and build a green and high-quality development economic circle for the Chengdu-Chongqing twin cities.

Assessment and Prediction of Air Quality Level Using ARIMA Model: A Case Study of Surat City, Gujarat State, India

Air quality has recently been a huge concern as it directly affects people’s lives. An air quality level assessment and prediction system is essential to keep track of air quality. Therefore, developing an efficient air quality assessment and prediction system has become one of the most important concerns. In the present work air quality level of Surat city, India is assessed and predicted for the period from 2020 to 2023 using the Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model. Experimental results show that the ARIMA model outperforms the other models. According to the findings, the maximum quantity of SO2 and NO2 present in the air in 2020 is 37 mm and 18 mm, respectively, with a maximum of 27 mm and 31 mm in 2021. Thus, we can observe that even though SO2 has reduced a bit, the amount of NO2 has increased, thus degrading the quality of air.

Assessment of Groundwater and Surface Soil using Multivariate Statistical Techniques and Contamination Indices: A Case Study of Gurugram Millennium City, Haryana, India

Abstract Pollution of various environmental components, such as air, water, and soil, is caused by industrialization and urbanization in urban agglomerates. This study provides information about groundwater quality and the levels of heavy metals in the surface soils of Gurugram city. The groundwater and soil samples were analyzed for various chemical parameters. Heavy metals in groundwater and soil were measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Groundwater samples show higher electrical conductivity (EC), bicarbonates (HCO3-), and chlorides (Cl-). Water quality index (WQI) indicates that groundwater is not suitable for drinking purposes. Most of the groundwater samples surpassed the prescribed limits for heavy metals. While in the case of soil, Cd, Ni and Cr were found above the average background value for soils. Contamination factors (CF) and Pollution load index (PLI) for various heavy metals in soil were found to vary from 0.006 to 20.9 and 0.64 to 1.93, respectively. The 70% of samples found with PLI >1, indicate deterioration of soil quality. Three soil samples have a high ecological risk index (ERI) with values of more than 600. Average value of geo-accumulation index (Igeo) varies in the order Cd>Pb>Cu>Zn>Ni> Cr>Fe with average value 3.43, 1.73, 0.86, 0.029, -.23, -1.2 and - 7.14, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA), a multivariate statistical technique, shows that the first three principal components (PC) account for 84.99% of the variance in groundwater samples. In soil samples, the first two PCs account for 76.97% of the variance. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) shows three clusters for groundwater samples and two clusters for soil samples. The study area shows higher pollution levels and needs an improved environmental management plan.

What effect has Covid-19 had on changing household food consumption? A case study of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Four waves of the Covid-19 epidemic have drastically affected consumer behaviors in Vietnam, particularly during the period of social distancing in the second half of 2021. This study was done to investigate changes in household food acquisition and consumption patterns in Ho Chi Minh City. During the most severe wave of Covid-19 in Vietnam, an online poll was used to collect data from 130 customers in Ho Chi Minh City. Before Covid-19 (before January 2021), food was primarily purchased from traditional markets and other direct methods. After Covid-19 occurred (since January 2021), changes in food acquisition methods were found as 52% of respondents went to the grocery stores, traditional markets, and supermarkets less often. Moreover, consumers have changed their online shopping behaviors as 48% bought more food online compared to pre-Covid-19 periods. Since Covid-19, surveyed households consumed less food, specifically fresh produce (44.6%), fast food (60.8%), canned food (37.7%), prepped meals (60.8%), grains (43.1%), and snacks (43.8%). In opposition, more frozen foods (46%) and more meat (47%) were consumed since the pandemic. From the estimated ordinal probit regression, the study found that the determinants that most explain changes in food consumption are age, household size, education, income, affected income, workplace status, and the afraid of food shortage.

The effects of climate change on the energy demand of residential buildings: A case study of a coastal city

The effects of climate change on the energy demand of residential buildings: A case study of a coastal city

Does Urban Agriculture Have a Positive Impact on Food Security? (The case study of Tehran city)

Does Urban Agriculture Have a Positive Impact on Food Security? (The case study of Tehran city)

Analysis of the spillover characteristics of cooling effect in an urban park: A case study in Zhengzhou city

Urban parks include water bodies, non-hardened ground, and a variety of vegetation, whose shading and evaporation effects form a “park cold island.” A park effectively cools the surrounding environment through heat exchange. This phenomenon is called spillover of park cooling effect (PCS) and plays an important role in regulating the microclimate of cities. Although PCS was extensively documented in previous studies, the effects of park landscape features on PCS still need to be further explored, especially in China with rapid urban expansion. The severe scarcity of urban land resources heightens the necessity to clarify the relationship between park patch size and cooling efficiency. Therefore, in this study, we chose Zhengzhou city (the capital of Henan province, in the central region of China) as an example, which has experienced rapid urban land expansion and urban population and high spatiotemporal aggregation of heatwaves–drought–rainstorms. We used Landsat 8 imagery and high score data in the summer of 2019 to retrieve the characteristics of land surface temperature (LST), and then we extracted 36 city parks and identified the spillover distance of the park cooling effect (PCSD), spillover strength of the park cooling effect (PCSS), spillover rate of the park cooling effect (PCSR), and 11 park landscape indexes. We calculated the area threshold when a park achieves the highest cooling efficiency, and the PCS characteristics of each park also were quantified. The results showed that the average LST of urban parks was 2.3°C lower than that of the entire study area; PCSS was 4.61°C at a maximum; PCSD was between 31 and 370 m, and the average value was 179 m; the average PCSR was 0.957°C/100 m. For the relationship of PCS with the 11 park landscape indexes, we found park area (AREA), park green space area (AREAg), and park perimeter (PERIM) contributed the most to PCS. Shape of impervious surface (LSIi) and percentage of water body (Pw) also significantly contributed to PCS. The ratio of perimeter to area (PARA), edge density (ED), edge density of the green space (EDg), and patch density (PD) were significantly and negatively correlated with PCS. For the relationship between park area and PCS, the result was that the park with an area of 6–8 ha and an internal green area of not less than 5–6 ha has the highest PCS effect. This study can expand our scientific understanding on the influences of park landscape characteristics on PCS and provide a scientific basis for formulating reasonable and effective urban parks and spatial layout planning to cope with the urban heat island effect.

Evaluating the stability of the relationship between land surface temperature and land use/land cover indices: a case study in Hyderabad city, India

ABSTRACT The study focuses on evaluating the relationship between land surface temperature (LST) with four land use/land cover (LULC) indices (MNDWI, NDBaI, NDBI, and NDVI) in Hyderabad City of India using four Landsat 8 data from the winter season of 2020–21. Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient method is applied in determining the correlation analysis. The results represent a stable status of the indices in the winter season as the range of the mean is significantly low (0.04 for MNDWI, 0.04 for NDBaI, 0.02 for NDBI, and 0.05 for NDVI). All the LULC indices are very stable with each other. Moreover, these indices also build a stable relationship with LST. The indices respond differently to the change of LST. LST builds a neutral relationship with NDVI (average r = −0.07), a moderate negative relationship with MNDWI (average r = −0.57), and a moderate positive relationship with NDBaI (average r = 0.48) and NDBI (average r = 0.55). The dry winter season affects the vegetation life and generates a neutral relationship between LST and NDVI. Built-up and bare land surfaces enhance the LST while water surface reduces the LST. The study is suitable for a stable land use planning system.

On comprehensive application of seismic reflection and MASW method for investigation of urban subsurface active faults and underneath structures: A case study in Haikou city of Hainan province, China

Tectonically, northeast of Hainan Island belongs to the south part of Lei-Qiong sag, and experienced a great subsidence process during the Cenozoic. It is likewise the strongest earthquake activity area on Hainan Island. In 1605, an M7.5 earthquake occurred in the northeast of Hainan Island, which caused a large area of land subsidence into the sea, and initially formed the present pattern of Dongzhaigang Bay in northeast Hainan Island. Previous studies have shown that the seismogenic fault of this earthquake was the Maniao-Puqian fault. About this fault, there has been a lack of in-depth research on the fault activity, the controlled subsidence process, and the state of the underground structure in this area since the late Cenozoic. To investigate the latest active age and the specific location distribution of the Maniao-Puqian fault, and the influence of its normal fault on the subsidence of the Dongzhaigang area, detailed investigation work has been done on this fault area, through the near-surface seismic reflection and Multichannel Analysis of Surface Wave (MASW) method. The results of near-surface seismic exploration showed that the Maniao-Puqian Fault belt is composed of a group of north-dipping normal faults with a near east-west distribution, which was named Maniao-Luodou fault, Guilingyang-Qiaotoucun fault, and Xixiu-Puqian fault. This differs from previous research that the Maniao-Puqian Fault belt is an en echelon type fault. This work redefines the nature and distribution of active faults in Haikou City, which can provide important technical support for the site selection of critical infrastructure construction in the Jiangdong New district of Haikou City.

Spatial-temporal evolution of urban form resilience to climate disturbance in adaptive cycle: A case study of Changchun city

In an era of global climate change, urban form has significant impacts on resilience and vulnerability to uncertain climate disturbances. However, spatially quantifying urban form resilience across different adaptive phases is still in the exploratory stage. This study presented a general framework to build a bridge between the analysis of urban form resilience and climate disturbances. After transforming this general framework into the specific framework for urban form resilience at the mesoscale to climate disturbances in winter city, an evaluation index system comprised of three dimensions of “Absorption-Adaptation-Recovery” was constructed to investigate the evolution of urban form resilience to climate disturbances in Changchun city, which experienced a progression from exploitation (r) phase to conservation (k) phase over the past 100 years. The morphological region was adopted as the basic unit for resilience evaluation. The results showed that, from r to k, almost all urban form regions represented a significant decline in absorption capacity and a dramatic rise in recovery capacity. The adaption capacity also experienced a decreasing trend, but it was not prevalent in every urban form region. The increase in resilience gained by the enhanced recovery capacity could not offset the decrease in resilience caused by the weakened absorption capacity and adaption capacity. In different periods, the emphases of resilience control for urban form regions were different. This study hopes to provide scientific guidance for resilience management in cities.

The Integrated Development of Culture and Tourism in Historical and Cultural Ancient Cities from The Perspective of Low-carbon Economy

The integration of culture and tourism has become an important development direction for many historical and cultural ancient cities. At the same time, developing a low-carbon economy has become a global trend. This article discusses the path of cultural and tourism integrated development in historical and cultural ancient cities from the perspective of a low-carbon economy based on four aspects: resource allocation, development model development, integration mode and level of integration. Research methods include a literature review and field survey, and a case study of the ancient city of Shaoxing on history and culture.