Business Case Study Research Articles

Decentralized governance and artificial intelligence policy with blockchain-based voting in federated learning.

Fruit losses in the supply chain owing to improper handling and a lack of proper control are common in the industry. As losses are caused by the inefficiency of the export method, selecting the appropriate export method is a possible solution. Several organizations employ only a single strategy, which is mainly based on a first-in-first-out approach. Such a policy is easy to manage but inefficient. Given that the batch of fruits may become overripe during transportation, frontline operators do not have the authority or immediate support to change the fruit dispatching strategy. Thus, this study aims to develop a dynamic strategy simulator to determine the sequence of delivery based on forecasting information projected from probabilistic data to reduce the amount of fruit loss. The proposed method to accomplish asynchronous federated learning (FL) is based on blockchain technology and a serially interacting smart contract. In this method, each party in the chain updates its model parameters and uses a voting system to reach a consensus. This study employs blockchain technology with smart contracts to serially enable asynchronous FL, with each party in the chain updating its parameter model. A smart contract combines a global model with a voting system to reach a common consensus. Its artificial intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things engine further strengthen the support for implementing the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) forecasting model. Based on AI technology, a system was constructed using FL in a decentralized governance AI policy on a blockchain network platform. With mangoes being selected as the category of fruit in the study, the system improves the cost-effectiveness of the fruit (mango) supply chain. In the proposed approach, the simulation outcomes show fewer mangoes lost (0.035%) and operational costs reduced. The proposed method shows improved cost-effectiveness in the fruit supply chain through the use of AI technology and blockchain. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method, an Indonesian mango supply chain business case study has been selected. The results of the Indonesian mango supply chain case study indicate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in reducing fruit loss and operational costs.

ANALISIS KELAYAKAN USAHA PENGOLAHAN IKAN SALAI DI KELURAHAN AIR DINGIN KECAMATAN BUKIT RAYA KOTA PEKANBARU PROVINSI RIAU (Studi Kasus Pada Usaha Ikan Salai Sedap Bakat)

This study aims to analyze the characteristics of entrepreneurs and smoked fish business profile; availability, acquisition, and use of raw materials and supporting materials for smoked fish processing business; non-financial business feasibility and financial feasibility of smoked fish processing business; and the sensitivity of the smoked fish processing business. The method used in this research was a case study in the processing business of "Spiced Fish Bakat" in Air Dingin Village, Bukit Raya District, Pekanbaru City, Riau Province. This research was carried out for six months starting from January to June 2022. The respondents in this study were entrepreneurs and four workers. Data analysis was performed using quantitative and qualitative descriptive analysis (market and marketing aspects, technical aspects, environmental aspects, legal aspects, and management aspects, and financial aspects using four investment criteria (NPV, Net B/C, IRR, and Payback Period) and sensitivity analysis with the Switching Value approach. The results showed that the characteristics of entrepreneurs belong to the productive age with 46 years of age, 16 years of education (graduate) with 12 years of business experience, and 4 family members. Salai Sedap Bakat fish processing business is classified as a small-scale and household business and still uses traditional technology in the production process. Non-financial feasibility from market and marketing aspects, technical aspects, legal aspects, and management aspects of the salai fish business was feasible. The environmental aspect was not yet feasible because there is no provision for waste treatment from the by-products of smoked fish processing. Meanwhile, financially the Salai Sedap Bakat fish processing business is feasible to be continued and developed because it is profitable based on 4 investment criteria with an NPV of IDR 50,086,397 > 0, Net B/C with a value of 1.43 > 1, an IRR value of 21% > i ( 6.69%) and Payback Period for 4 years 1 month 5 days < business life (10 years). Based on sensitivity analysis using the switching value approach, the profit of the Salai Sedap Bakat Fish Business was more sensitive to the decline in the price of catfish production with a decrease in the NPV value of 90.65% and a decrease in the production of smoked catfish with a percentage of 90.28% compared with an increase in operational costs with a percentage of 82.36% of the base value.

INSTRUMENTATION OF REGULATION IN THE ASPECT OF SNAIL BREEDING IN SPAIN AND ITS IMPACT ON THE COUNTRY’S ECONOMY

The paper explores the current state of snail farming in Spain, which includes production technologies, markets and the economic impact of the snail business. It includes an in-depth analysis of the methods used to optimize snail production as well as the challenges, and clarifies the issues faced by snail farmers such as feed costs, regulations and competition. The article discusses the competitors in snail farms and products in Spain, and highlights the ways in which Snail Paradise Farm is using to combat the competition. This study dives into the world of snail farming in Spain and explores its potential as a rapidly growing industry. We examine various aspects of the industry, including the marketing and advertising techniques businesses use to promote snail products to the market and an analysis of government support. We also look at the economic and environmental benefits of the snail industry in Spain and areas for further research and innovative development. This study also provides a case study of a successful snail farming business - Snail Paradise - and explores the different methods used by farmers to promote their products and stand out from the competition. In addition, we analyze the different methods used to reduce feed costs, increase production efficiency and overcome common challenges faced by snail farmers. Our research also explores the various regulations and legislation that ensure the safety, quality and compliance of snail farming methods. We also look at the role of marketing and business promotion in the success of snail farming in Spain. Despite the significant potential of the snail industry in Spain, there are challenges that need to be addressed, including standardization, low demand and competition. But, with proper investment and support, the snail farming industry can become an important source of income for Spanish farms and businesses, as well as provide jobs and contribute to the national economy. Unfortunately, low demand and competition are serious challenges for the industry, which requires marketing and advertising measures. However, proper standardization and product quality assurance can help increase demand for snail products and ensure their positioning in the market. The study includes an analysis of not only snail farming methods, but also their processing and use in the food and medical industries. The paper concludes with an overview of the potential economic and environmental benefits of the snail industry in Spain and areas for further research and innovation. This can serve as a basis for the development of new areas of snail cultivation and utilization, which has the potential to contribute to the creation of new jobs and the development of innovative technologies. To summarize, this study has great potential for the development of the snail farming industry in.

Design Get up E-commerce based Marketplace Sale Chips Web Based In Padang City

This web-based e-commerce is designed to help chip manufacturers sell their products and make it easier for consumers to get chips through internet technology. The web design method uses the prototype method starting with conducting needs analysis, interface design and programming and utilizing PHP programming as a programming language, MySQL as a database, XAMPP as a server and the Codeigniter framework version 4. Chips are a food that is much loved by people of all ages. This has caused many people to start a business selling chips, ranging from home industries to larger production. However, not a few of the chip entrepreneurs have difficulty managing the sale of their chip products to chip consumers such as students, workers and the general public. This is also a result of the outbreak of the Covid-19 virus which is experienced globally, including Indonesia, making it difficult for chip manufacturers to market their products and manage their sales. On the chip consumer side, they also find it difficult to get chips amidst pandemic conditions and busy activity. The difficulties of chip manufacturers and chip consumers can be overcome by developing a system in the form of e-commerce that can be accessed by chip consumers by adapting internet technology. The results of this design produce a web-based e-commerce selling chips by taking a case study in the chips business in Padang City, West Sumatra Province.

Cyber Risk Assessment and Optimization: A Small Business Case Study

Cyber Risk Assessment and Optimization: A Small Business Case Study

Journal of Forest Business Research: an online scientific journal devoted to the science and practice of sustainable business in the forest sector

On behalf of our authors, reviewers, editors, scientific board members, and supporting institutions – we warmly welcome you to the inaugural issue of The Journal of Forest Business Research (JFBR). Establishing a new journal that addresses serious issues in academic publishing requires some explanation and justification. In this editorial feature, we describe the purpose and focus of the JFBR; and discuss the benefits of being a Journal reader; reviewer; and prospective author of scholarly research articles, review articles, and opinion pieces. Our goal is to accelerate scientific and practical discourse around local and global forest business issues by creating a unique platform for exchanging ideas supported by high standards of the peer-review process. Since we committed to doing a lot of hard work to make this Journal a success, we hope that our efforts will contribute to the further development of the bioeconomy based on science-based management and the use of forest resources in meeting global society goals. Our goal for the JFBR is to become the premier applied scientific journal that covers forest investments, finance, and economics. This would be a unique applied forest investment journal in the modern era, drawing from broader approaches such as U.S. journals of applied forestry, European forest economics journals, and classical business management and case study journals. JFBR would be dedicated to the application of forest finance and business management to investments in forests for traditional commodity markets to new emerging objectives such as nature-based solutions, environmental, social, and governance (ESG) components, carbon offsets, or net zero market development. The next section describes why we decided to open a new journal. Then we summarize all the papers included in our first inaugural issue. Finally, we indicate how you can support our efforts.

The mathematical models as a decision support tool for the oil transportation business: A case study of an oil business in Thailand

The mathematical models as a decision support tool for the oil transportation business: A case study of an oil business in Thailand

Breaking with the Past to Face the Future? Organizational path dependence in family businesses

This study adopts a qualitative approach in order to determine why and how the idiosyncrasies of family business influence path formation and path-breaking (and their outcomes) in strategically persistent family businesses. Findings are based on an analysis of six in-depth case studies of family businesses from Switzerland’s textile industry, including interviews with family and nonfamily firm members, archival data and expert interviews. The study finds that idiosyncrasies rooted in power hierarchy, chronicle orientation, and network embeddedness spur self-reinforcing mechanisms – in particular expectation effects and learning and investment effects – in path formation. However, at a later stage, they may become drivers of path-breaking. The study contributes to research on organizational path dependence by illuminating the role of power hierarchies in path formation and breaking. Path-breaking requires certain shifts in formal and informal power hierarchies; such shifts of power happen not only with respect to individual family members but also between family subgroups and nonfamily members. The study further identifies different strategic outcomes of path-dependent processes: protecting by renewing, pivoting and perfecting. While protecting by renewing and pivoting encompass path-breaking, perfecting occurs within the framework of a strategic path by leveraging incremental changes. In the case of protecting by renewing, businesses develop new revenue streams detached from the previous core business; these are partly used to subsidize the remains of the previous core business, thereby accepting inefficiencies for parts of the business. Pivoting refers to changing the business model without accepting inefficiencies. Implications for family and nonfamily businesses are discussed.

The paradox between monitoring and entrenchment in a two-tier family business: The contribution of the external commitment theory

The literature on family business governance has increased greatly over the past 20 years but few studies on management entrenchment mechanisms have been published. The objective of this paper is to analyze the mechanisms of entrenchment of a successor in a family business and the influence the leadership structure has on it. Using an in-depth longitudinal case-study approach, we look at the entrenchment process in seven longitudinal family business case studies through a processual approach. We find strong evidence that the entrenchment process is different in family firms and is based on the paradoxical use of managerial control. We extend the theory of family business by identifying managerial succession bifurcation bias as a determinant of the choice of the two-tier system and we build a model representing this theory.

Actor’s Social Actions and Their Dynamics in The Social System: A Case Study of Traditional Charcoal-Making Business in The Livelihood of The Akit Community

The Akit community generally uses mangrove wood as raw material for charcoal. The purpose of this study was to analyze (a) the development of the charcoal-making business, (b) the type of social action in the Akit community's charcoal-making business, and (c) the dynamics of the charcoal-making business. This research was conducted using an ethnographic approach. The results: from the 1980s to 1994, production was initially regulated solely to meet local needs. In the era of 1995 to 2005, it experienced a high market demand for mangrove charcoal along with a flourishing business network with Malaysian toke. After 2005 the charcoal business dimmed again due to government regulations. The actors involved in the charcoal business are workers, owners of very small panglongs, and owners of small panglongs (tokes). The social action run the panglong business as an effort to meet their family needs, and thus they worked based on instrumental rationality. These charcoal-making entrepreneurs operated their businesses based on instrumental and traditional actions. The social action of the toke actor is instrumental rationality and value-oriented rationality. The dynamics of the charcoal business in the Akit community have experienced ups and downs.

Performance Measurement Using the Balanced Scorecard and Business Intelligence in Logistics Companies

Smart companies should have technological advantages to improve their performance. The research used is a case study of courier and cargo business in collaboration with a rail transportation company. The existing data is processed by applying a Balanced Scorecard and Business Intelligence which aims to support decisions and get great benefits for the company. Data is retrieved for 3 months in the data warehouse. Data operations and processing are carried out to determine which perspectives have a great influence and will help stakeholders in the company get accurate results from patterns. The use of decision tree c 4.5 is used to support the analysis and result in an accuracy of more than 70%. The Kimball Method is used to assist in performance monitoring of data warehouses, customer and financial analysis as well as learning before decision making is made.

What Made Me an Entrepreneur?

Purpose: The purpose of the paper is the presentation of creation and development of entrepreneurship by giving evidence on the influence of determining factors. In this context, the issues of this study can serve as motivation for young people to believe in their personal abilities and engage in entrepreneurial activities to influence economic growth in the country.
 Design/Method/Approach: The study considers the previous studies for the entrepreneurship/ The paper focus is a business-case study/ Business activity is analyzed in some aspects based on data collected through questionnaires.
 Findings: Some of the most important findings are an entrepreneur’s personality characteristics, his previous experience in the relevant field, the prominent initiative and high level of risk taking, his open-mindedness, the entrepreneur takes care of creation and preservation of business reputation under the slogan: Family, work, and satisfaction as important conditions for the establishment of good human relationships.
 Theoretical Implications: From the theoretical point of view, the paper evidences the fact that entrepreneurship is a study field relatively new. Therefore, every study is important because they increase the number of theoretical studies in this field which is multidisciplinary.
 Practical Implications: The paper reflects the successful path of an entrepreneur who, despite some hardships, realizes an individual vision and fills in the needs he sees in society bringing new products or services into the marketplace.
 Originality/Value: The paper analyzes the birth, growth and development of a concrete enterprise in given conditions, and this emphasizes the deeply original character of the study.
 Research Limitations/Future Research: The paper analyzes a concrete case, and it constitutes a limitation. However, it refers to a certain period of time, concretely the post-dictatorial period, with worsened macroeconomic parameters, which should be considered by future researchers.
 The change of the socio-economic development strategy in Albania was reflected in the environment that creates opportunities and responsive perspectives for human resources with a long-term outlook. Engaging in long-term productive economies is a risky occupation. The risk is conditioned by time, individual effort, available information and space. This paper is based on the results generated from surveying the occupation of one of the most successful enterprises that started its activity in the first years of the change of the socio-economic system. Through a case study, the paper also discusses theoretical problems of entrepreneurship over the years, as well as possible methods of managing an enterprise. In conclusion, it shows how individuals who are creative and motivated to find new ways to enter a market are the main support to business success.
 Paper type: Empirical

Setting the Grounds for the Transition from Business Analytics to Artificial Intelligence in Solving Supply Chain Risk

As supply chains (SCs) become more complex globally, businesses are looking for efficient business analytics (BA), business intelligence (BI), and artificial intelligence (AI) tools for managing supply-chain risk. The tools and methodologies proposed by the supply-chain risk management (SCRM) literature are mostly based on experts’ judgments, their knowledge, and past data. The expert evaluation-based approach could be partly or fully replaced by AI solutions, increasing objectivity, impartiality, and impersonality, reducing sources of human mistakes, biases, and inefficiencies in SCRM. However, the transition from BA to AI in SCRM is not a self-contained process; though attractive as a vision, it is not straightforward as a management or implementation process. The purpose of this research is to explore and define the conceptual grounds for transitioning from BA to AI in SCRM. The conceptual SCRM structure, its AI suitability, and implementation terms are defined theoretically based on a literature review. A single, in-depth business case study is employed to explore the theoretically defined terms of AI-based SCRM implementation. The proposed conceptual AI-suitable SCRM structure is defined by five principal building blocks: risk events, risk-event indicators, data-processing rules and algorithms, analytical techniques, and risk event probability forecasts. The study concludes that the business environment meets AI-based SCRM-implementation terms of data existence and access. Since data on risk events and negative outcomes are limited for machine learning, experts’ experience and knowledge might be utilised to build initial rules and data-processing algorithms for AI.

The quality of case studies on new product development: state of the art and future prospects

PurposeThe desired outcome in the new product development (NPD) effort is the timely commercialization of a profitable product. Whether marketing can benefit from the NPD case study is a critical but underresearched issue. The purpose of this study is to investigate the usage and quality of NPD case studies in business and industrial marketing.Design/methodology/approachTo investigate the prevalence and research quality of case studies on NPD in business and industrial marketing, 317 case studies published in mainstream journals over the past decade (2010–2020) are reviewed.FindingsThis study finds that the distribution of quantity and quality of case studies fluctuates across journals. The scores on the evaluation template for the different case study stages vary widely across journals. This indicates that different journals have different criteria and priorities for NPD case studies. By focusing on different issues, enterprises can quickly find appropriate journals and case results according to their own needs.Originality/valueThis paper can help spark a debate about the implementation and quality of NPD case studies, including future studies and practical applications. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no similar study has been found in existing studies.

TEACHING ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE THROUGH THE CASE METHOD

Teaching at university level has evolved in recent years towards teaching methodologies in which the student has an increasingly active role in their learning, being the protagonist together with the teaching staff. The use of techniques in which students put into practice and reflect on the theoretical contents has benefits both for the acquisition of knowledge and for the development of competences. In the field of business administration, business reality is a continuous source of information for putting this type of methodology into practice. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to achieve, through the case method, that the students of the subject " Organizational Structure and Behavior" of the degree in Business Administration and Management assimilate, understand and put into practice the concepts acquired in the theoretical classes, favoring autonomous learning, cooperative learning, dialogue and peer learning. Specifically, lectures have been replaced by a set of individual and group activities around a business case study designed by the teaching staff. The use of the case method has been adequate to achieve the objectives set at the beginning of the activity. Students have expressed a high satisfaction with the learning process, a higher perceived quality of learning, and increase of digital competences and an improvement of the evaluation processes. In addition, this methodology has increased their interest in the subject and its contents and has improved their autonomy in the learning process.

Case Studies of Robots and Automation as Health/Safety Interventions in Small Manufacturing Enterprises.

This paper reviews the experiences of 63 case studies of small businesses (< 250 employees) with manufacturing automation equipment acquired through a health/safety intervention grant program. The review scope included equipment technologies classified as industrial robots (n = 17), computer numerical control (CNC) machining (n = 29), or other programmable automation systems (n = 17). Descriptions of workers' compensation (WC) claim injuries and identified risk factors that motivated acquisition of the equipment were extracted from grant applications. Other aspects of the employer experiences, including qualitative and quantitative assessment of effects on risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders (MSD), effects on productivity, and employee acceptance of the intervention were summarized from the case study reports. Case studies associated with a combination of large reduction in risk factors, lower cost per affected employee, and reported increases in productivity were: CNC stone cutting system, CNC/vertical machining system, automated system for bottling, CNC/routing system for plastics products manufacturing, and a CNC/Cutting system for vinyl/carpet. Six case studies of industrial robots reported quantitative reductions in MSD risk factors in these diverse manufacturing industries: Snack Foods; Photographic Film, Paper, Plate, and Chemical; Machine Shops; Leather Good and Allied Products; Plastic Products; and Iron and Steel Forging. This review of health/safety intervention case studies indicates that advanced (programmable) manufacturing automation, including industrial robots, reduced workplace musculoskeletal risk factors and improved process productivity in most cases.

Business Case Study for the Cycler: A Circumlunar Vehicle for Development of Space Tourism and Lunar Infrastructure by 2030

Cislunar space tourism is still a futuristic concept. However, the thrill and innovation that it offers has the potential to attract the attention of High-Net-Worth Individuals. As a result, developing regular tourist-focused cislunar transportation could be an opportunity for space entrepreneurs. Moreover, once established, cyclic lunar transportation might be a factor that could improve lunar business and infrastructure such as those considered for Moon Village. Today, the commercial development of cislunar vehicles is limited by costs and long duration research and development programs, while, the commercial benefits of a reliable transportation system of crew, tools, materials, and supplies are not fully understood. Consequently, the authors present the commercial viability of a cislunar space tourism vehicle utilizing the cycler concept. This article presents a business case for such a cislunar transportation vehicle and a related portfolio of services that might be realized by 2030. The business case expands previous studies on the Cycler concept proposed by Bombardier, Farr, and Peraldi in 2016. The commercial viability of this cislunar vehicle offers the opportunity for international collaboration as well as the potential for providing access to spaceflights for the space emerging nations. The cislunar space tourism Cycler is envisaged as a modular vehicle that will orbit the Earth and the Moon on a free return trajectory in a 7-day crewed journey (based on a study by Genova and Aldrin). The modular structure provides comfortable to premium travel conditions for 8 paying customers and 3 crew members as well as transporting goods using a cargo unit and a dedicated module to conduct scientific experiments. The article proposes a vehicle architecture using available components with the current Technical Readiness Levels of 6 or higher. This approach identifies technology gaps that need to be addressed to develop cislunar tourism and transportation and demonstrates the limited number of nations that are currently involved in developing these components. Furthermore, the article introduces a risk assessment of the envisaged civil cislunar transportation system, a dedicated financial modeling tool together with potential approach for financing the system through International public–private partnerships.

Tensões dinâmicas no sistema orçamentário de empresa familiar e a dualidade da estrutura

ABSTRACT This article aimed to understand the dynamic tensions in the budgetary system of a family business based on the duality of structure perspective. The research on dynamic tensions in the budgetary system of family businesses is inconclusive. Dynamic tensions are explored in light of traditional theories, and few studies use Simons’ (1995) four levers of control. Moreover, the management control systems (MCSs) of family businesses have particularities that need to be explored. These particularities of family businesses provide different explanations for the dynamic tensions in the budgetary system. Duality of structure enables an understanding of the interaction between the structure and agents’ actions in the production and reproduction of the social order of a family business, within a context of dynamic tensions in the budgetary system. The research revealed the dynamic tensions in the budgetary system of a family business in one budgetary cycle. The findings are relevant since, based on a duality of structure perspective, they present indications that these dynamic tensions are associated with positive forces (belief and interactive control systems) in interaction with negative forces (boundary and diagnostic control systems). This is a single case study in a medium-sized family business engaged in the production and sale of foods. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews, observations, and documents, and analyzed based on discursive textual analysis. The evidence suggests that the social order of the family business is produced and reproduced with the dynamic tensions that occur in the planning and control stages of the budgetary system. The study contributes to the literature on dynamic tensions in the budgetary system of a family business by addressing what they are and how these tensions occur based on the duality of structure perspective. It contributes to practice, as it enables an understanding and better management of these tensions and the achievement of budgetary goals and objectives.

Kinerja Finansial Usaha Distribusi Sayur (Studi Kasus: Wijaya Vegetables di Kecamatan Baturiti Kabupaten Tabanan Provinsi Bali)

Financial Performance Of Vegetable Distribution Business (Case Study: Wijaya Vegetables In Baturiti District, Tabanan Regency, Bali Province). One of the current problems in the agricultural sector is unjust trade caused by long supply chains. Wijaya Vegetables has succeeded in innovating to shorten the market chain so that its business model and financial analysis are important to be understood. Wijaya Vegetables is a sociopreneurship that distributes fresh vegetables directly from farmers in Baturiti District, Tabanan Regency, Bali Province. Financially, Wijaya Vegetables has a relatively increased profit. Asset composition which is dominated by current assets shows good business activity. The R/C ratio value of 1.28 indicates that the business is financially viable, and the average monthly profit margin of 40% indicates that the business has healthy growth. The allocation of profits used for social aspects should be reconsidered considering the amount is quite large. Utilization of debt should also be maximized. Further research that discusses the social aspects and business model of Wijaya Vegetables is important to do.

Sharia business resilience during the covid-19 pandemic : A case study of Indonesian sharia banking business

This study aims to uncover the empirical reasons for the resilience of the Islamic banking business in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia. The Islamic banking business is a business model built with the concept of integration between spriritual awareness and contemporary business concepts. This integralistic result gave birth to the concept of a profit-sharing business. Although currently the transaction volume of the Islamic banking business is considered small, it can survive and grow positively in its financial performance in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic for the 2019-2021 period. To achieve this goal researchers use digital methods of hermeneutic phenomenology. This method sees that the experience of an individual's life in the virtual world is a continuous interpretive process that comes from the individual's life experience in the real world. This research site is a website that presents the business life experiences of banking actors in Indonesia. The results showed that the resilience of Islamic business is the consistency of Islamic Banks in internalizing Sharia values. First, all things belong to an absolute God, and man is entrusted to manage them. Second, man maintains a balance of spiritual well-being and the preservation of nature. Third, man avoids the accumulation of property by giving up part of his property. Fourth, competition is still important in a business but is still based on cooperation in kindness.