Case Research Method Research Articles

Sustaining Family Business: Unveiling the Resilience of Majuli Potters in Assam, India

The Kumars of Salmora village in the south-eastern part of Majuli, Assam, India, are an example of a family managed business of handcrafting river clay pots. Salmora became the Kumhar village as a result of clay, which became the primary reason for the settlement of potters in the area. The hand-beaten pottery is a cottage industry of Majuli and has been passed down through generations. Currently, the policy restrictions and the dying art form have made people think about how to sustain the handicraft, their livelihoods woven around this art form, and continue their passion/skill in the given challenging situation. This makes it interesting to adopt the case research method to examine the struggle of small businesses to sustain their livelihoods, on the one hand, and the limited alternative sources of livelihood, on the other hand, thus making the survival and sustenance of the family business a challenge, where pottery was their family business for generations. The case discussion revolves around the problems, concerns and causes for the deterioration of the art forms and highlights the issues and challenges. It contributes to the resources in the emerging family business management literature and also the family businesses to strategise in similar contexts.

IMPLEMENTING MERIT-BASED POSITION PROMOTIONS IN MALANG DISTRICT, EAST JAVA PROVINCE

The merit system stands as a cornerstone in human resource management, emphasizing qualifications, competencies, and performance across various facets such as planning, recruitment, payroll, development, promotion, retention, discipline, and retirement of employees. However, the implementation of this system within the Malang Regency Government reveals gaps, particularly in the fulfillment of positions, notably within sub-districts and kelurahans. This research delves into the challenges surrounding the promotion of civil servants in echelon III and IV positions based on the merit system. The aim is to scrutinize the promotion process and Strategies adopted by the Malang Regency government, East Java Province. Employing a qualitative approach with a case research method, primary data is gathered from interviews with informants, complemented by secondary data derived from documentation. Through techniques such as interviews, documentation, and observation, qualitative data analysis is conducted. The promotion strategy is further evaluated using a SWOT analysis, pinpointing strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Findings reveal that vacancies in sub-districts stem from employees' educational levels, often limited to high school qualifications, leading to the appointment of personnel through PLT. The Department of Human Resources (BKPSDM) endeavors to incentivize employees to pursue higher education. Notably, nine key indicators—honesty, discipline, work performance, cooperation, proficiency, loyalty, leadership, communication, and education—emerge as crucial in promotion evaluations, though challenges persist, particularly in meeting education and discipline requirements. The SWOT analysis aids in identifying priority programs and activities essential for advancing promotion based on the merit system in Malang Regency, East Java Province.

Optimization And Implementation of Waste Management Planning on Indonesian Flag Non-Convention Ships Sailing in Indonesian Waters

Abstract Waste is one of the objects of concern on ships, especially in terms of its storage and disposal, where more attention must be given to all ships with a gross tonnage of one hundred or more. Every ship certified to carry fifteen people or more, and every fixed or floating platform must have a waste management planning on ship, which includes written procedures for minimizing, collecting, storing, processing and disposing of waste including the use of equipment on the ship. In discussing this material, the researchers analyze the procedures and handling of waste disposal on Indonesian-flagged non-conventional ships. The method used in this research was the case research method. Data collection techniques included observation, interviews and library research methods. The research results show that on Indonesian-flagged non-conventional ships entering the Port of Makassar, there was still waste thrown into the sea, especially by crew members who did not comply with the waste management procedures regulated in The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships Annex V. Ships - Non-conventional ships had not handled waste in accordance with The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships 73/78 regulations due to various factors, one of which is that there is no equipment for handling waste in the ship and the lack of understanding of ship crew members in protecting the maritime environment. It is recommended that the company supervise the handling of waste in the ship and on the other hand, the port management must prepare waste storage facilities.

Agtech platforms: complementors and value propositions

ABSTRACT Traditionally regarded as one of the least digitised industries, agriculture is now transforming due to the emergence of digital platforms and ecosystems. Extant literature underscores Agtech platforms as business solutions capable of remedying operational inefficiencies, diminishing transaction costs, enhancing information exchange, mitigating spatiotemporal disparities, facilitating market integration, and generating novel forms of value. Nevertheless, persistent ambiguity surrounds the identification and assessment of the functional roles of peripheral actors, referred to as complementors, who play a pivotal role in engendering network effects. Grounded in network externality theory and platform value proposition framework, this study seeks to comprehensively discern complementors, lead firms, and end-users associated with Agtech platforms and their overarching value propositions. Employing the case research method, we synthesise existing literature and review archival sources while focusing on four illustrative cases: Dehaat, Agrielevate, IFFCO Bazar, and KRIBHCO-CSC-eGov. The analysis was further strengthened through consultation with domain experts, facilitating triangulation and validation. This study offers insights into complementor-core, lead firm, and end-user groups within Agtech platforms, thus deepening our epistemic comprehension.

360-degree Strategy for TV Broadcasters in New Media Era: TRT Case Research

Television broadcasting develops new forms of distribution with the technological developments. With the inclusion of online opportunities in distribution, new strategies gain importance and current broadcasting activities require a 360-degree strategy. Broadcasters continue to operate on multiple platforms and adopt a 360-degree strategy in order to adapt to changing conditions. This study aims to reveal the activities and broadcasting strategies of the Turkish public service broadcaster TRT in the changing conditions of the sector. The importance of the study is to determine the impact of technological developments on the broadcasting industry. The literature review section analyses the 360-degree strategy and transformation of public service broadcasters with online distribution. Based on the previous studies in the literature, the public service broadcaster TRT from Turkey was taken as a sample. The case research method was used to study the TRT sample. Categories of broadcast distribution formats were created within the framework of the defined 360-degree strategy, and TRT's broadcasting activities were examined under these categories. The most general result obtained as a result of the research is that TRT broadcasts in a wide distribution network and uses on-demand services at a high rate.

An overlap function-based three-way intelligent decision model under interval-valued fuzzy information systems

One of the expression forms of uncertain information are interval-valued fuzzy information systems (IFISs). Whereas, psychological experiments show that psychological behaviors of decision maker (DM) affect the decision results under uncertain information. Consequently, the main research objectives of this paper are two-fold: 1. To study how to portray the influence of psychological behaviors on decision-making under IFISs, so that the decision-making process is more realistic. 2. To investigate how to efficiently solve decision-making problems in the context of IFISs. Three-way decision (3WD) theory and fuzzy rough sets (FRSs) are effective tools for solving uncertain information. For that reason, this paper develops a 3WD model based on prospect theory (PT) under IFISs, which can provide the best decision action for objects from a viewpoint of optimization. First, an attribute-oriented interval fuzzy set is introduced, which establish a bridge between the state sets in 3WD and the reference points in PT. Furthermore, conditional probability of an object is reasonably estimated by interval-valued fuzzy rough sets (IVFRSs). Meanwhile, an attribute-oriented relative value model is proposed, which can get the prospect values of an object under each action. Second, an intelligent 3WD model is developed from a viewpoint of information granularity. Finally, through the search of the existing literature, relevant research data is obtained, and then case research method, qualitative and quantitative combination method, control variable method are adopted in turn to design the case study, comparative and experimental analyses. In short, the developed model not only expands the development of related theories, 3WD, PT, FRSs, but also offers new methods for solving the decision-making problems under IFISs, which has important practical guidance significance.

The paradox of supplier development in technology-based luxury supply chains

PurposeThis paper aims to examine how collaborative supplier development (SD) activities, supplier capabilities and buyer–supplier relationship interrelate in technology-based, luxury product business contexts characterized by small volumes, difficult targets and resource constraints relative to those targets.Design/methodology/approachUsing inductive case research method, the authors investigate multiple embedded cases involving six dyadic buyer–supplier relationships of two luxury product manufacturers in the motorcycle and automotive industries. Each dyad represents an important sub-system for which the buying firm committed significant SD efforts to help the supplier successfully achieve difficult targets.FindingsThe analysis reveals how paradoxical tensions might emerge as the firms engage in successful SD activities, which could lead to decreasing relationship commitment ultimately resulting in the termination of the relationship. The authors utilize the “value co-creation and value capture” paradox framework to understand the SD and relationship dynamic and characterize it as developing-leveraging paradox to explain its dualities, i.e. commitment-based SD efforts (increasing value co-creation), and unilateral leveraging of the newly acquired capabilities (increasing value capture) by both the buyer and the supplier. Overemphasis on value capture by one of the exchange partners spurs a detrimental vicious cycle leading to the decline of the relationship.Research limitations/implicationsThe study explains the paradoxical dynamics that may emerge in SD activities of innovative, technologically complex, luxury product firms. The findings contribute to the SD literature by highlighting how learnings from SD activities could contribute to the dark sides of buyer–supplier relationship. The technologically complex, luxury product contextual characteristics of the study may limit the generalizability of the study findings.Originality/valueThe study provides novel insights into the emergence and management of paradoxes in buyer–supplier relationships, in terms of virtuous and vicious dynamics of developing-leveraging.

An adaptable end-to-end maintenance performance diagnostic framework

PurposeThis paper proposes a progressive, multi-level framework for diagnosing maintenance performance: rapid performance health checks of key performance for different equipment groups and end-to-end process diagnostics to further locate potential performance issues. A question-based performance evaluation approach is introduced to support the selection and derivation of case-specific indicators based on diagnostic aspects.Design/methodology/approachThe case research method is used to develop the proposed framework. The generic parts of the framework are built on existing maintenance performance measurement theories through a literature review. In the case study, empirical maintenance data of 196 emergency shutdown valves (ESDVs) are collected over a two-year period to support the development and validation of the proposed approach.FindingsTo improve processes, companies need a separate performance measurement structure. This paper suggests a hierarchical model in four layers (objective, domain, aspect and performance measurement) to facilitate the selection and derivation of indicators, which could potentially reduce management complexity and help prioritize continuous performance improvement. Examples of new indicators are derived from a case study that includes 196 ESDVs at an offshore oil and gas production plant.Originality/valueMethodological approaches to deriving various performance indicators have rarely been addressed in the maintenance field. The proposed diagnostic framework provides a structured way to identify and locate process performance issues by creating indicators that can bridge generic evaluation aspects and maintenance data. The framework is highly adaptive as data availability functions are used as inputs to generate indicators instead of passively filtering out non-applicable existing indicators.

Innovation in micro and small businesses: how inbound open innovation and dynamic capabilities work together to explain innovation performance

Purpose: This study examined how inbound open innovation and dynamic capabilities (sensing, seizing, and transforming capacity) work together to explain innovation performance. Methodology: The study used a case research method that involved interviewing ten purposively selected managers of micro and small furniture industries in Arusha, Dar es Salaam and Mbeya cities of Tanzania. Subsequently, the study used illustrative and content analysis methods to compare and align predetermined theoretical relationships on how dynamic capabilities and inbound open innovation explain innovation performance to empirical results.Originality: The use of illustrative analysis to compare extant theoretical relationships between dynamic capabilities, inbound open innovation, and innovation performance to case studies’ processes in this study is novel to the open innovation literature. Also, the resultant conceptual framework and relationships linking inbound open innovation to innovation performance through systematic processes of dynamic capabilities are novel.Main results: This study showed that inbound open innovation explains innovation performance through systematic complementary processes of dynamic capabilities. Moreover, the study showed that if inbound open innovation generates complex external ideas, micro and small firms adopt coupled open innovation as a predecessor of dynamic capabilities to unlock complexity.Theoretical contributions: This study has integrated the theories of open innovation and dynamic capabilities by developing a conceptual framework and relationships that show how inbound open innovation explains innovation performance through dynamic capabilities.Practical contributions: This study has revealed alternative combinations of dynamic capabilities that business managers need to benefit innovation performance from inbound open innovation.

MASALAH PRIORITAS DALAM USAHATANI KANGKUNG ORGANIK DI KELOMPOK TANI NEKAF MESE BAUMATA TIMUR KECAMATAN TAEBENU KABUPATEN KUPANG

This research aimed to determine the ability of farmers in applying the methods or techniques of kangkung cultivation and the priority issues faced by kangkong farmers. Kupang Regency was chosen as a research site because there were kangkong farmers working with markets. This research used a case research method, and the type of data collected consists of primary data and secondary data, the data collection starts from December to January 2021, the data analysis uses Likert scaling analysis. The measured variables were problems related to aspects of kangkong cultivation. The results showed that the cultivation of kangkong (Ipomea reptans poir) at the research site was not done well, as it was still being grown seasonally and using only farmland. So it really needs agricultural extension when applying these 7 aspects. The eradication of pests and diseases was a priority problem for farmers in organic Kangkung vegetable cultivation in Baumata Timur Village, Taebenu District, Kupang Regency, where the mean level of interest was above the All Mean value (2.56 > 2.48) and the average ability level was lower than the overall average skill level (2.36 < 2.4).

Sustainable Strategic People Management: A Confucian Perspective on Chinese Management

This paper examines the strategic management of people within enterprises as a driver of sustainable growth. As strategic people management (SPM) is founded on the Eastern knowledge workers’ perspective, we integrate SPM with the Confucian perspective to analyze the factors underlying the sustainable success of Chinese management. In so doing, we review the literature on sustainability, SPM, Chinese management, and the integration of Confucian cultural values. We utilize the qualitative case research method to examine 20 successful Chinese enterprises across five sectors. The results of the case analysis reveal three types of sustainable SPM associated with Confucian values: responsible people management, paradoxical people management, and humanistic people management. We propose a conception of sustainable SPM combined with Confucianism to be relevant in the Chinese business context, where a high degree of dynamism can be seen. The findings of this study could be extended through analyses conducted in other contexts with a high level of complexity, such as emerging markets, disruptive technology, unexpected crises, or any aggregated interactions of such contexts.

Exploring colliding logics of supply chains and business ecosystems in purchasing and supply management

PurposeA shift in supply management is underway. Nonlinear connections of buyers and sellers in business ecosystems challenge conventional supply management practice. Digital technologies and network connectivity lower the costs of connecting and collaborating with loosely related external parties. This paper aims to explore how this challenges conventional purchasing and supply management (PSM) practice.Design/methodology/approachThis paper builds on the extended case research method. It is based on a theoretical conceptualization, which is explored through a case study.FindingsThe authors find that both supply management’s contribution to value creation, value appropriation and collaborative interfaces change with the emergence of multifaceted business systems.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper is developed within a specific industrial context, and the findings are not directly transferrable to other contexts. However, the authors believe that on an analytical level, there is value in transferring the insights into other manufacturing contexts.Practical implicationsManagers must challenge the taken-for-granted thinking that follows from linear supply management practices and start rehearsing the role of PSM when dealing with supplies from business ecosystem lead firms.Originality/valueThis research takes up a novel issue, highly relevant for PSM practitioners as well as for theory. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, nothing has been written about the colliding business logics of conventional PSM and that of business ecosystems.

“Norms” as the noumenon, “functions” for use: A new idea of cultivated land administrative protection in China

In the 70 years since it has been founded, China’s cultivated land protection work has made remarkable achievements: less than 10% of the world’s cultivated land has fed 22% of the world’s population and 900 million peasants have the foundation on which to survive and develop. However, under the strictest protection system such as “Grow Teeth” (GT), there is still a deviation of “norm-value” and “demand-efficacy” in the Administrative Protection of Cultivated Land (APCL) at this stage. This paper uses normative analysis method, similar case research method as well as value analysis method to find that the legitimacy of the current APCL system is insufficient: on the one hand, under the perspective of functionalist “needs and efficacy”, the existing Cultivated Land Protection Law (Draft) (CLPL) and other normative documents cannot meet the needs of APCL penalties, relief, public welfare, etc.; On the other hand, from the perspective of normative “value legitimacy”, APCL legitimacy value foundation is lacking due to the limitations of overall value fragmentation, insufficient compatibility value and fragile defensive value. Therefore, the value base of APCL should be dismantled under the guidance of “function for use” to disassemble the functions of punishment, relief and public welfare, so as to specifically realize the construction of CLPL subjects, the inheritance of regulations, the transformation of responsibility subdivision, and the Land Administration Law and other regulatory continuations, to carry out protective measures such as clarifying the scope of punishment and giving compulsory force after coordination to cultivated land protection inspection recommendations, so as to give full play to the efficacy of APCL.

무용 창작과정에서의 DMT 프로그램 적용 사례연구

The purpose of this study is to research and analyze cases applying to the DMT(Dance Movement Therapy) program in the process of creating dance. Each session of the program that consisted of a total of 8 sessions was carried out in 60 minutes per week. The qualitative case research method was conducted based on accumulated date such as research participants(dancers)’ self-reports on each session, video records, in-depth interviews, and group discussions. The research results showed that the DMT program applying to Whitehouse’s active imagination was divided into 3 main areas and 12 sub-areas. Research participants’ physical perception(physical discomfort, physical transformation), emotional perception(trust, stability, responsibility, vividness, happiness, inspirational motivation, positive feeling, sorriness), and thinking perception(expansion of self-perception, expansion of creative· autonomous thinking perception) were drawn from the research. Through these research results, this study got developmental outcomes in expanding dancers’ physical, emotional, and thinking perception, in being specific about sending work images through integration, and in conveying physical meaning in the creation process. It is expected that follow-up studies continue as being interested in applicability of the DMT program in the process of creating dance.

Managerial Pattern and Work Relations at Traditional Pond in Pangkajene and the Island District (Milkfish Aquaculture Case in Bonto Manai Village)

Improving the quality of traditional farmers on a technical, social and economic scale, is strongly influenced and determined by the capacity to carry out pond business activities related to managerial patterns and work relationships that are formed. This research was conducted in October – December 2021. Milkfish (Chanos-chanos) aquaculture business in Bonto Manai Village was chosen as the case, because the aquaculture system managed by the community is dominated the traditional aquaculture system. The purpose of this research is to analyze the knowledge of traditional aquaculture as a technical practice in managing aquaculture businesses, as well as to analyze the work relations of traditional aquaculture businesses which are internalized in the local culture of the community. The methodology used is a case research method with a descriptive qualitative data analysis approach described in the life history of the informants. The results showed that traditional farmers in milkfish (Chanos-chanos) aquaculture in Bonto Manai Village have acquired knowledge gained through experience passed down from generation to generation, starting from the construction and management of pond subgrade, seed stocking, rearing, harvest and post-harvest. Accompanied by rituals based on belief as a traditional value. The managerial pattern and work relations in the management of traditional pond business have three types of management, namely; aquaculture business which is self managed by the owner of the aquaculture land with involving two to three workers, aquaculture business which is managed based on a leasing system, and aquaculture business which is managed by a rapture system. Keywords: Managerial Pattern, Work Relations, Traditional Pond, Milkfish

Tax Obligations for Small and Medium Micro Enterprises (Umkm) References to PP Number 23 of 2018 (Case Study on Sharia Cooperative Business 45 in Mataram City)

This study takes the title: “Tax Obligations for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) based on PP Number 23 of 2018 Application of Government Regulation Number 23 of 2018 (Case Study on 45 Sharia Cooperative Businesses in Mataram City). The objective of the financial writer in this study is to analyze reports on the acceptance and competition of Sharia Cooperatives 45 and the calculation of Income Tax Article 4 Paragraph (2) of Government Regulation Number 23 of 2018 in fulfilling tax obligations on Sharia Cooperatives 45 in the city of Mataram. This study uses a case research method, namely the case that occurred in the 45 Sharia Cooperative for the fulfillment of tax obligations in the 2020 fiscal year. Based on and discussion, relating to the Calculation, Deposit, & Reporting Procedures for Islamic Cooperative Income Tax 45 are as follows: To find out the procedure for calculating, depositing and reporting PPh of Sharia Cooperative Board of Directors 45 has been carried out in accordance with the basics of recording/booking data of Sharia cooperatives 45 to deposit the amount of income tax payable of Rp. 357,886 and carry out annual SPT reporting e. Establish To compare between Government Regulation Number 23 of 2018 regarding Income Tax article 4 (paragraph 2) implemented by Sharia Cooperatives 45 in accordance with existing provisions. 45 Sharia Cooperative Enterprises has carried out its tax obligations by making payments and reporting taxes using the Annual Tax Return (SPT) on time.

Empowerment of Cash Waqf in the Agricultural Sector

Waqf has become the world's attention because this instrument can be utilized as a solution to world crisis problems. One of the countries with the most significant potential for waqf is Indonesia, which is based on a large number of followers of Islam. The number of adherents of Islam in Indonesia alone reaches 209.1 million adherents of Islam and makes the potential for Indonesian waqf very large. This type of research is descriptive qualitative, using the case research method and collecting data in this study through observation and in-depth interviews with research objects. The technique used in this research is critical and interpretative analysis. Cash waqf can be distributed to beneficiaries for business capital in the agricultural sector as a family food security distribution scheme with several models: first, a profit-sharing method (Mudharabah). Second, a 0% loan (Qard Hasan)"; third, business strengthening (Musyarakah); fourth, alms and grants (khairiyah). The agricultural system is developed into a culture for every family to become food security by implementing an integrated farming system. Agricultural system, "low external input and sustainable agriculture," at home and group/production scale. With this system and a touch of technology, the future is projected as a comprehensive agricultural center. Production and marketing are carried out simultaneously by building an "agricultural industry" and an "agricultural market." Apart from that, it can also be used as an educational, tourism, and cultural village. The academic village is intended as a research and training/educational practicum place. The tourism village is defined as agro-tourism which has high economic value

Importance of Socioemotional Wealth in Indian Family Business Group: The Case of Tata Group

This article tests the application of the socioemotional wealth concept in an Indian family-owned business group. The focus of the study is the Tata Group and the events that led to the dismissal of its chairman Mr Cyrus Mistry in 2016. Using the case research method, the article analyses the reasons for the abrupt removal of the chairman, who was not from the Tata family. The data were collected from official filings/letters by group firms/officials and articles on the Tata Group. FIBER scale is used to explain the socioemotional wealth of the Tata Group. The analysis establishes that the leadership change initiated by family patriarch Mr Ratan Tata was because of socioemotional wealth reasons, rather than financial performance. Hence, the article provides evidence that the Indian family-owned business groups consider socioemotional wealth more important than financial interests.

Joint and Several Liability sebagai Bentuk Mitigasi Risiko pada Bank Wakaf Mikro di Era Pandemi Covid-19

The Covid-19 pandemic has harmed the global economy, Indonesia and Islamic microfinance institutions are also inseparable from the impact of the pandemic. Bank Wakaf Mikro (BWM) is a sharia microfinance institution registered and supervised by the Financial Services Authority (OJK). BWM represents financial institutions, government, and pesantren as the economic base of Indonesian Muslims. The purpose of the existence of BWM is to be able to alleviate poverty by providing financing to the productive poor through a routine assistance program whose target is the poor who cannot access formal financial institutions to assist the capital aspect of small businesses. This study aims to explore the risk of BWM financing in the Covid-19 pandemic era. By using a single case research method at BWM Sinar Sukses Bersama An-Nur II Al-Murtadlo Bululawang, Malang Regency. BWM is believed to be able to increase financial inclusion, especially for the community and Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) for easy access to capital. And it was found that Joint and Several Liability was a form of risk mitigation in the Covid-19 pandemic era. This research has implications for increasing the scientific repertoire of risk management, especially the systemic risks faced by Islamic microfinance institutions, while the managerial implications of this research are to become a reference in managing BWM to become a healthy Islamic microfinance institution. From the results of this study, it is hoped that there will be further multi-case studies or quantitative methods to confirm the results of this study.

The Impact of COVID-19 on the Italian Footwear Supply Chain of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs)—Evaluation of Two Case Studies

This paper aims to provide a case study related to two small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) of the Italian footwear supply chain, comparing sales and production data from pre-pandemic years with those affected by the COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. Specifically, two Tuscany companies in the world of fashion footwear sector have been assisted in the analysis of their supply chains. In particular, the case research method has been employed for theory building to evaluate how companies reacted to the disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic to focus on potential resilience strategies that could be adopted to deal with a disruption, such as that caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, in order to understand the dynamics of the supply chains, the standard production processes were initially studied and mapped, analyzing in detail the planning, programming, and control phase. After conducting a descriptive analysis of the data, possible resilience factors of SMEs’ fashion supply chains have been extracted, and strategies that SMEs could adopt to better cope with the disruption caused by the pandemic have been suggested. The outcomes of this study can be used by decision-makers to predict the operative and long-term impacts of epidemic outbreaks on the supply chains with some suggestions of potential resilience improvement strategies. The paper is concluded by summarizing the most important insights and outlining future research agenda.