Infant Mortality Cases Research Articles

Implications of child poverty reduction targets for public health and health inequalities in England: a modelling study between 2024 and 2033.

We investigated the potential impacts of child poverty (CP) reduction scenarios on population health and health inequalities in England between 2024 and 2033. We combined aggregate local authority-level data with published and newly created estimates on the association between CP and the rate per 100 000 of infant mortality, children (aged <16) looked after, child (aged <16) hospitalisations for nutritional anaemia and child (aged <16) all-cause emergency hospital admissions. We modelled relative, absolute (per 100 000) and total (per total population) annual changes for these outcomes under three CP reduction scenarios between 2024 and 2033-low-ambition (15% reduction), medium-ambition (25% reduction) and high-ambition (35% reduction)-compared with a baseline CP scenario (15% increase). Annual changes were aggregated between 2024 and 2033 at national, regional and deprivation (IMD tertiles) levels to investigate inequalities. All CP reduction scenarios would result in substantial improvements to child health. Meeting the high-ambition reduction would decrease total cases of infant mortality (293; 95% CI 118 to 461), children looked after (4696; 95% CI 1987 to 7593), nutritional anaemia (458, 95% CI 336 to 574) and emergency admissions (32 650; 95% CI 4022 to 61 126) between 2024 and 2033. Northern regions (eg, North East) exhibited the greatest relative and absolute benefit. The most deprived tertile would experience the largest relative, absolute and total benefit; under high-ambition reduction, total infant mortality cases were predicted to fall by 126 (95% CI 51 to 199) in the most deprived tertile compared with 71 (95% CI 29 to 112) in the least between 2024 and 2033. Achieving reductions in CP could substantially improve child health and reduce health inequalities in England.

Penerapan Model Regresi Hurdle Binomial Negatif Menggunakan Algoritma Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno pada Data Jumlah Kematian Bayi di Kota Makassar Tahun 2017

Poisson regression is a nonlinear regression method used to analyse the relationship between discrete response variables. Equidispersion is the assumption that must be met in the Poisson regression. Furthermore, there are cases in which the equidispersion assumption is invalidated when using the Poisson regression model to analyze data. One such case is overdispersion, which occurs when there is an excess of zero. As a result, the Negative Hurdle Binomial (HBN) regression is implemented to solve the overdispersion issue. Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) with the Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (BFGS) algorithm was applied in this study to perform parameter estimation. In addition, the HBN regression model was used to analyze the data on the number of infant mortality cases in Makassar in 2017 with the variables assumed to be significant with infant mortality. The percentage of infants who were exclusively breastfed was the variable that had a significant impact on the outcome of HBN regression on the data on the number of infant mortality that experienced overdispersion.

PERSPECTIVES OF TRADITIONAL MARKET WOMEN ON EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING IN THE WORKING AREA OF DELI TUA HEALTH CENTER WORK AREA YEAR 2023

Abstract&#x0D; One of the fundamental steps toward a healthy and productive life is breastfeeding, which is in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) or Sustainable Development Goals 2030 (Bennett et al., 2020). Low rates of exclusive breastfeeding lead to various infant health problems. The North Sumatra Provincial Government has recorded 299 cases of infant mortality until July 2021. Records from the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, as many as 31.36% of 37.94% of children are sick, because they do not receive exclusive breastfeeding. The prevalence of stunting in Indonesia is currently at 27.67%. The low coverage of exclusive breastfeeding is influenced by various obstacles to optimal breastfeeding, one of the biggest obstacles is working women, especially those who work in the informal sector. The purpose of this study was to determine "The perspective of women informal workers in exclusive breastfeeding in the working area of the Deli Tua Health Center. This research is a qualitative study with a descriptive phenomenological approach. The participants in this study were mothers of traditional market traders as many as 7 participants who were obtained using nonprobality sampling technique with purposive sampling type. The instrument used in this research is an interview guide. In collecting data, this study used the in-depth interview method to collect data. The location of this research is Deli Tua Tax in the working area of the Deli Tua Health Center. The results of the research conducted obtained the results of a description of the factors that influence the perspective of traditional market trader mothers in exclusive breastfeeding, namely knowledge, work, husband support and socio-culture.

Association of vitamin D deficiency and preterm birth

In 70 % of cases of neonatal death, in 36 % of cases of infant mortality, in 25–50 % of cases of long-term neurological consequences in children, one of the causes is preterm birth. The course of pregnancy depends on the availability of vitamin D. The aim of the study was to determine the level of vitamin D and to analyze the obstetric and gynecological history in patients with preterm labor. Materials and methods. The study included 35 patients with preterm delivery and 30 women with the physiological course of labor. In the surveyed, vitamin D sufficiency was assessed by the content of 25(OH)D in blood serum, which was determined according to the clinical recommendations of the Russian Association of Endocrinologists, using the enzyme immunoassay method. Results. In patients with preterm labor, vitamin D deficiency and a high level of chronic inflammatory diseases of the respiratory, kidney and pelvic organs were revealed. Conclusions. Therefore, when managing pregnant women, it is necessary to take into account their availability of vitamin D and, possibly, recommend taking vitamin D preparations from the period of preconception preparation and during gestation.

LITERATURE REVIEW BAYI BERAT LAHIR RENDAH

Indonesia is one of the developing countries with the highest maternal mortality and infant. The infant mortality cases in 2015 as many as 33,278 cases decreased compared to the year 2015 of 32,007 and in 2017 in the first semester as many as 10,294 cases. One of the causes is the incidence of Low Birth Weight (LBW) of 38.85%. LBW is the birth weight less than 2,500 grams. The review of LBW is done by literature review from DOAJ, Pubmed, Scholar and Garuda portal. The literature search using several keywords is "Low Birth Weight ", "risk factors" with four literature publications from 2007-2017. LBW incidence is influenced from maternal demography status, maternal health status, condition of pregnancy and baby. The four journals DOAJ, Pubmed, Scholar and Garuda portal described risk factors of LBW occurrence include sociodemography (maternal age &lt;18 years and&gt; 34 years, education level, occupation type, family income, kin), maternal health status obstetric history, parity, birth spacing, anemia, history of diabetes, malaria, baby malpresentation history, Premature Rupture Of The Membrane, maternal nutritional status, infections, diseases and complications of pregnancy), status of ANC (frequency and quality of care, health worker, site of pregnancy examination, history of unchecked pregnancy, irregular ANC).

Proposal to expand the definition of intrauterine growth restriction and introduce two new screening methods

The authors of this publication have developed a new screening method to evaluate the physical development of infants, which identifies growth and developmental restrictions based on their gestational age, gender, weight and length standard positions and nourishment status. This so-called MDN-method (MDN = Maturity, Development, Nourishment) offers several benefits: 1. It enables the expansion of the scope and definition of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and the establishment of five separate condition subtypes. 2. It facilitates the study of the risk of mortality of infants based on their development and nourishment status. 3. The method is suitable for the screening of high-risk IUGR infants and neonates. 4. The MDN method allowed for the development of a new ultrasound screening methodology for high-risk IUGR infants and neonates, based on abdominal circumference (AC) and femur length (FL) standards, which correlate the most with the weight and length of the fetus. The data of 1,244,918 Hungarian live and stillbirths recorded during 2000-2012 were used for these studies. It is believed that these new screening methods may have a significant impact on reducing the frequency of IUGR-related stillbirth and infant mortality cases.

INVERSE GAUSSIAN REGRESSION MODELING AND ITS APPLICATION IN NEONATAL MORTALITY CASES IN INDONESIA

Inverse Gaussian Regression (IGR) is a suitable model for modeling positively skewed response data, which follows the inverse Gaussian distribution. The IGR model was formed from the Generalized Linear Models (GLM). This study aims to model the IGR with applied to model the factors influencing the infant mortality cases of provinces in Indonesia. Estimation of the IGR model parameters was employed by the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) and Fisher scoring methods. The Likelihood Ratio Test (LRT) and Wald test were used for hypothesis testing of significance parameters. The IGR model was applied to the infant mortality cases of provinces in Indonesia in 2020. The data for modeling infant mortality cases using IGR were obtained from the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia and the Central Bureau of Statistics. The result shows that the factors influencing the infant mortality cases of provinces in Indonesia based on the IGR model were: the percentage of pregnant women who received blood-boosting tablets, the percentage of low birth weight, the percentage of complete neonatal visits (KN3), the percentage of toddlers who received early initiation of breastfeeding, the percentage of toddlers who are exclusively breastfeeding, the percentage of toddlers who received complete primary immunization, the percentage of households with access to adequate drinking water, and the percentage of households with access to appropriate sanitation.

Impact of COVID-19 infection during pregnancy on maternal and fetal outcomes

Objectives: The objective of this study is to assess the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection during pregnancy on maternal and fetal outcome in relation to gestational age. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted between May 2020 and July 2021. Sixty-five women infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and hospitalized at a quarantine hospital were included. Thirty-four women received prenatal care at the hospital until delivery, while 31 dropped out from the study due to COVID-19 recovery and discharge before delivery. Results: COVID-19 was found in 83% of the pregnant women after 20 weeks of pregnancy. The most common symptoms were cough and fever. Medical complications included severe pneumonia and thrombosis. The maternal mortality rate was 9.2%. Premature rupture of membranes and severe hypertension during labor affected nearly 9% of the pregnant women who completed prenatal care until delivery at the hospital. Preterm labor occurred at a rate of 38.2%. There were seven (20.8%) stillbirths and two cases of infant mortality. Conclusion: Hospitalized pregnant women who have coronavirus infection, lymphopenia, and a high C-reactive protein level were at a higher risk of developing severe illness, which can lead to maternal and neonatal complications.

Herpesviruses 6 and 7 types: the view of a pediatrician

Herpetic diseases are widespread among cancer patients and are of interest to specialists in various fields. It is herpetic infections that are often common among cases of infant mortality. The main causative agents of herpetic phenomena in humans are manifested by the 8 most studied types of the virus. The article presents a review of modern scientific literature on herpetic diseases caused by herpes viruses 6 and 7. The issues of the history of the study of diseases, etiology, features of the distribution, the pathogenesis of diseases, a wide manifestation of manifestations in childhood, diagnosis, and tactics of managing patients are outlined.

Comparison of Negative Binomial Regression Model and Geographically Weighted Poisson Regression on Infant Mortality Rate in South Sulawesi Province

The number of infant mortality cases is an important indicator to assess the quality of a country's public health. A number of studies argue that the case of infant mortality has a close relation to the living area condition and the social status of the parents. Indirectly, the quality of life of babies in a country will impact the nation's quality of life in general. Therefore, many efforts are required to reduce the infant mortality in Indonesia. One of the steps that could be done to overcome this issue is to analyze the causative factors. The statistical method that has been developed for data analysis taking into account current spatial factors is the Geographically Weighted Poisson Regression (GWPR) with a weighted Bisquare kernel function. Based on the partial estimation with the GWPR model, there are seven groups based on significant variables that affect the number of infant deaths in South Sulawesi Province. Of the seven groups formed, the first group is the Selayar Islands where all variables have a significant effect. This needs to be a concern for the South Sulawesi provincial government to improve facilities and infrastructure in the Selayar Islands, of course the location which is very far from the city center can affect access to drug reception, medical personnel and so on. Based on the results of the analysis of the factors that affect the number of infant deaths in South Sulawesi Province using a negative binomial regression approach and GWPR with a bisquare kernel weighting, it can be concluded that the GWPR model used is the best for analyzing the number of infant deaths in South Sulawesi Province because it has an AIC value. The smallest is 167.668.

Determinants of Neonatal Mortality: A Case Study in Sleman District

Background: Neonatal mortality is a significant global health problem. Most of the cases occur in low and middle-income countries including Indonesia. In Sleman District, Yogyakarta for the last five years, the neonatal mortality rate has not improved and remains high. This research aimed to identify the root causes of newborn deaths in Sleman District.Methods: A case study approach was used with qualitative methods to describe and discuss five infant mortality cases in Sleman District. This study involved in-depth interviews with 3 mothers of neonates as the main informants, three public figures as society representatives, and other health stakeholders represented by local midwives in Sleman District.Results adn Discussion: There were 12 sub-themes identified in this study that reflected 3 main themes associated with neonatal mortality which are: 1) the neonates’ condition: premature birth, pneumonia, low birthweight, and immaturity of vital organs; 2) the maternal factors: psychological stress, hypertension, diabetes, and obesity; and 3) the healthcare system: midwives’ roles, village cadre roles, and health data collection of mothers and children.Conclusion: Generally, the causes of neonatal mortality were due to prematurity and multiple fetuses; therefore, in-depth screening is needed to prevent neonatal mortality.Keywords: Determinant; Neonatal Mortality; Healthcare System; Case Study.

DETERMINAN KEJADIAN ASFIKSIA DI NEONATORUM DI RSUD SIJUNJUNG

Asphyxia. In 2015, there were 33,278 infant mortality cases and in 2016, 32,007cases. in Sijunjung District, the infant mortality rate is 50 per 1,000 live births in2018. The main cause is Asfiction This study aims to determine the factors thatcause the incidence of asphyxia neonatorum in Sijunjung District Hospital in2019. Factors studied were KPD, Postterm, age mother, LBW, premature andinduction. This type of research is descriptive correlation with a retrospectiveapproach. The sampling technique in this study was total sampling, that is, theentire population of patients treated in the perinatology room were 179 samples.Data analysis was performed by univariate analysis and bivariate analysis bymeans of the Chi-square test. The results showed 53.1% incidence of asphyxia,48% had KPD, 20.7% had postterm pregnancy, 32.4% of mothers at risk, 48%had LBW, 35.8% of babies born prematurely, 20.1% of births with induction. Theconclusion of this study is there is a relationship between KPD, Postterm,maternal age, LBW, Premature, labor induction with the incidence of asphyxianeonatorum in Sijunjung Regional Hospital in 2019. It is recommended thathealth workers can be used as input in the early detection of risk factors that affectthe incidence of neonatal asphyxia so that the neonatal asphyxia incident occurs.Effective steps can be taken to prevent neonatal asphyxia in newborns, namely byincreasing ANC services by providing counseling that is expected to increaseawareness of pregnant women routinely examining pregnancy.&#x0D; Keywords: Asphyxia, newborns.

PERBANDINGAN MODEL REGRESI BINOMIAL NEGATIF BIVARIAT DENGAN MODEL GEOGRAPHICALLY WEIGHTED NEGATIVE BINOMIAL BIVARIAT REGRESSION (GWNBBR) PADA KASUS ANGKA KEMATIAN BAYI DAN KEMATIAN IBU DI JAWA TENGAH

Infant mortality (0-11 months) and maternal mortality (during pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum) are significant indicators in determining the level of public health. Central Java Province which has 35 regencies/cities is included in the top five regions with the highest number of infant and maternal mortality in Indonesia. The data characteristics of the number of infants and maternal mortality are count data. Therefore, the Poisson Regression method can be used to analyze the factors that influence the number of infants and maternal mortality. In Poisson regression analysis, there must be a fulfilled assumption, called equidispersion. Frequently, the variance of count data is greater than the mean, which is known as the overdispersion. The research, binomial negative bivariate regression is used as a solutions to overcome the problem of overdispersion in poisson regression. This method produce a global model. In reality, the geographical, socio-cultural, and economic conditions of each region will be different. This illustrates the effect of spatial heterogeneity, so it needs to be developed into Geographically Weighted Negative Binomial Bivariate Regression (GWNBBR). The model of GWNBBR provides weighting based on the position or distance from one observation area to another. Significant variables for modeling infant mortality cases included the percentage of obstetric complications treated (X1), the percentage of infants who were exclusively breastfed (X3), and the percentage of poor people (X5). Significant variable for modeling maternal mortality cases is the percentage of poor people (X5). Based on the AIC value, GWNBBR model is better than binomial negatif bivariat regression model because it has a smaller AIC value.

Increase Breast Milk Production for Postpartum Mothers with Oxytocin Massage Using Innovative Massage Tools

Background: Goal 3 of Global commitment of 2015-2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) program is to ensure a healthy life and to promote well-being for all people at all ages in the 2nd achievement indicator targeting by 2030. It is hoped to end infant and under-five mortality that can be avoided, with all countries trying to reduce the Neonatal Mortality Rate to at least 12 per 1,000 KH and the Toddler Mortality Rate by 25 per 1,000 KH. Infant mortality cases caused by nutritional factors reached 53%. Several diseases that arise due to malnutrition include pneumonia (13.2%), diarrhea (17.2%) and perinatal problems (36%). Breast milk is the best food for babies and has the right balance of nutrients, is bioavailable, easy to digest, protects babies from disease, and has anti-inflammatory properties. This study aims to analyze the difference in the volume of breast milk before and after the mother received oxytocin massage with the Effleurage technique and a combination of innovative massage tools. Subjects and Method: This research is a quasi experiment. The study was conducted in the City of Kediri from August to September 2020. The sample used was post partum women on days 4 to 10 using simple random sampling technique. The dependent variable is the volume of breast milk. The independent variable is the type of oxytocin massage treatment with effleurage technique, and the combination of oxytocin massage with efflurage technique and innovative massage tools. Data analysis per treatment and control groups used the one-way annova test with 95% CI. Results: There was no difference in the mean volume of breast milk in mothers who received lactation massage using the innovative massage method (Mean= 21.65; SD= 15.43; p= 0.994), conventional Efflurage massage (Mean= 22.15; SD= 15.43; p= 0.330), and in control group (Mean= 20.50; SD= 15.43; p=0.386). Conclusion: There was no difference in the mean volume of breast milk in each group and this result was not statistically significant.

FACTORS RELATED TO FIRST ANTENATAL VISITS IN PREGNANT WOMEN

AbstractBackground: Pregnancy is a physiological event but in its developmen it has risks. In Nagekeo district in 2018 and 2019 there were 6 cases of maternal death and 121 cases of infant mortality with 52 deaths occurring antepartum. There were 10 infant deaths at the Boawae Health Center in 2019 with 5 cases of death occurring antepartum. In addition, there is a gap in achieving the first antenatal visit target of 19% and 14.8% in 2018 and 2019 where not all pregnant women have had their first pregnancy examination in the first trimester. Several factors can influence the behavior of pregnant women in conducting the first antenatal visit such as education level and cost. The importance of carrying out a pregnancy check in the first trimester allows for early detection of disease, administration of folic acid, communication and health information as well as management of problems found. This study aims to analyze the factors associated with the first antenatal visit in pregnant women. Methods: This type of research is observational analytic with a cross sectional design. The sample in this study were all pregnant women in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters who were in the working area of the Boawae Health Center. Data collected through questionnaires were then processed and analyzed by frequency distribution and cross distribution as well as Multiple Logistics Regression analysis with a significance level of 5% (p = 0.05). The research sample size is 86 respondents. The sampling technique is non-probability sampling with consecutive sampling. Bivariate data analysis using chi square and multivariate test using multiple logistic regression. Results: The results showed that the factors associated with the first antenatal visit were maternal health status with a p-value of 0.001 (p &lt; 0.005), husband's education with a p-value of 0.000 (p &lt; 0.005), pregnancy complications with a p-value of 0.001 (p &lt; 0.005), costs with a p-value of 0.002 (p &lt; 0.005) and the presence of a companion with a p-value of 0.000 (p &lt; 0.005). Multivariate analysis showed that the most dominant factor influencing was the cost and presence of a companion, so it can be concluded that pregnant women who have KIS and are supported by a companion are more likely to have their first visit in the first trimester of pregnancy. Conclusion: There is a relationship between health status, husband's education, costs, presence of companions, pregnancy complications with the first antenatal visit.

Development and Performance Study of Temperature and Humidity Regulator in Baby Incubator Using Fuzzy-PID Hybrid Controller

Technological developments in the health sector for the safety of neonates are essential. Such efforts are needed to curb the increase in premature infant mortality cases caused by bacteria, asphyxia, infections, and poor management of facility equipment. Furthermore, preterm and other at-risk babies have low ability to regulate temperature and produce body heat as characterized by their dry skin conditions; hence, the need for baby incubators. For their operation, these baby incubators provide strict regulated energy change that is influenced by heat transfer caused by the surrounding atmospheric temperature and humidity. This paper presents the design, construction, and performance study of a proposed Fuzzy-PID hybrid control system for regulating temperature and humidity in a baby incubator. To accomplish its goal, the proposed controller must be able to distribute heat and maintain humidity in the incubator under fluctuating atmospheric conditions to keep the baby’s body warm. Performance tests of the proposed hybrid controller were conducted by comparing temperature and humidity outputs in the baby incubator against predetermined expected values. Results show that the proposed controller is able to successfully achieve and maintain the temperature and humidity set points. Further examination also suggests that the proposed Fuzzy-PID hybrid control offers an improved overall system response performance compared to the PID controller.

Infant Mortality Based on Causes, Age, Place and Referral Case High Risk in East Sumba District

Maternal mortality can almost certainly also mean death in infants who are conceived or born. Reportedly, 75% of babies born who lost their mothers will die before celebrating their first birthday. East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) is one of the regions with the highest infant / neonatal mortality rate in Indonesia, Infant mortality rate in East Sumba is one of the highest in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) province and continues to fluctuate in the last five years from 2011 to 2015 and the number is 61 - 99 - 122 - 108 and 99. The research objective was to identify the cause, age, place of death of infants and referral cases in 2011 – 2015. This type of research was descriptive, cross sectional method, the total population of infant mortality cases in 2011 - 2015 was 30 cases. The sample selection used was simple random considering the time and funds as well as access to the respondent's location so that the latest infant mortality data in 2015, for which data exists, parents still remember the incident. Collection using a questionnaire for mothers / fathers / families with midwives in the village and coordinating midwives who handle ANC and case referrals. The data were processed and analyzed descriptively. The cause of infant mortality over the last 5 years in East Sumba district was 66.7% Pneumonia, as many as 46.7 percent of infants died at the age of 1 month. Based on the place of infant mortality, 80 percent of infants died at home because they were not referred and 20 percent died in PHC or Hospital for late referral. Keywords: infant mortality; risk factors; East Sumba

HUBUNGAN USIA IBU DENGAN TINGKAT HEMOGLOBIN WANITA HAMIL TRIMESTER KETIGA DAN BERAT LAHIR DI RSAL DR. R. OETOJO SORONG TAHUN 2019

Relationship Between Maternal Age and Hemoglobin Levels of Third Trimester Pregnant Women And Birth Weight In RSAL Dr. R. Oetojo Sorong In 2019 Background: The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the health and welfare sector (SDGs 3), have a target to be achieved in 2030 to reduce the Infant Mortality Rate to 24 per 1,000 live births. Most cases of infant mortality occurred in the City of Sorong with 36 cases of infant mortality in 2018. Birth weight is an indicator of newborn health. Several factors affect birth weight, including age and hemoglobin levels of pregnant women. Objective : This study was to determine the relationship between maternal age and hemoglobin levels of third trimester pregnant women with birth weight at RSAL dr. R Oetojo Sorong in 2019. Methods: This study used a cross sectional design, a sample size of 173 respondents, the sampling technique used the simple random sampling method. Master table research instrument with data analysis using the chi square statistical test. Results: It showed that 14 mothers (35.0%) of reproductive age were at risk of giving birth to babies with abnormal birth weight. Analysis of the relationship between maternal age and birth weight (p = 0.000). Analysis of the relationship between hemoglobin levels of third trimester pregnant women with birth weight (p = 0.335). Conclusion: There is a relationship between maternal age and birth weight. There is no correlation between hemoglobin levels of third trimester pregnant women and birth weight at RSAL dr. R Oetojo Sorong in 2019.

ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERISTICS OF INFANT DEATH RATE (2015-2019) IN UPTD PUSKESMAS JAPARA KUNINGAN DISTRICT, 2020

Infant mortality is a death incident that occurs in newborns up to &lt;1 year of age. Infant mortality is measured as the infant mortality rate, which is the number of deaths for children under 1 year of age per 1000 births. According to WHO, the infant mortality rate in Indonesia reaches 27/1000 live births. Based on the health profile of West Java, the number of infant deaths in 2017 reached 3.4 / 1000 live births. In the UPTD Puskesmas Japara there are 34 cases of infant mortality. Infant mortality is caused by several factors, including maternal age, education, birth attendants, and parity. The research objective was to determine the analysis of the characteristics of the incidence of infant mortality in 2015-2019 at the UPTD Puskesmas Japara, Kuningan Regency. The research method used was quantitative with a retrospective design, taken from secondary data 2015-2019, the population in the study was all infant deaths in the UPTD Puskesmas Japara, amounting to 34 people. Selection of a sample of 34 people using the total sampling technique. The statistical test technique uses the Chi Square test. The results showed that there was a relationship between parity (p-value = 0.006) and there was no relationship between maternal age (p-value = 0.129), education (p-value = 0.156), birth attendants (p-value = 0.781) and death. babies in 2015-2019 at UPTD Puskesmas Japara, Kuningan Regency. It can be concluded that the incidence of infant mortality occurs in some mothers with no risk age, some mothers with primary education, some mothers with multiparity parity. Suggestions for health centers are expected to increase the priority of health programs in an effort to reduce the incidence of infant mortality.

The Analysis of Factors Related to the Incidence Of Low Birth Weight In dr. Ben Mboi Ruteng Hospital, Manggarai Regency

ABSTRACT&#x0D; LBW is considered the leading cause of infant mortality, especially in the first month of life. The incidence of LBW in Indonesia has a prevalence of 10.2% and most of the LBW infants who died during the neonatal period. According to the health profile of the East Nusa Tenggara Province, the number of infant mortality cases in NTT Province in 2018 was 1,265 cases, the factors causing infant mortality in this case were dominated by LBW and Asphyxia. Based on data obtained from dr. Ben Mboi Ruteng Hospital, LBW cases in 2019 totaled 640 cases. LBW is one of the risk factors that have a contribution to infant mortality during the neonatal period. Until now, LBW is still a problem that causes morbidity and mortality in newborns. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors associated with the incidence of low birth weight babies (LBW) in dr.Ben Mboi Ruteng Hospital. This type of research is a quantitative study with a cross sectional research design. The population in the study was 2.480 mothers giving birth and the sample size obtained was 96 respondents with a sampling technique, namely purposive sampling. The results of statistical tests using Chi Square with a significance level of 0,05 indicate that maternal age has a p-value of 0,004 (p&lt;0,05), gestational age has a p-value of 0,004 (p&lt;0,05) and parity has a p-value value 0,704 (p&gt;0,05. The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant relationship between maternal age and gestational age with the incidence of LBW and there is no relationship between parity and the incidence of LBW in dr. Ben Mboi Ruteng Hospital. &#x0D; Keywords: age, parity, gestational age, LBW