Case Of Cerebellitis Research Articles

Neurological complications of rotavirus infection in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

To systematically review the clinical features and outcomes of pediatric patients developing neurological complications associated with a rotavirus infection. A systematic literature review and meta-analysis was performed, including articles published from 1984 to 2020. Neurological complications were classified into four groups: encephalitis, cerebellitis, encephalo-cerebellitis and benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis (CwG). Out of 68 reports that fulfilled the research criteria, 99 cases of CwG, 39 cases of encephalitis, 18 cases of encephalo-cerebellitis and five cases of cerebellitis were collected. Ninety-five patients were from Asia. Median age was 22 (IQR 14-29) months, and the children who developed CwG were significantly younger (19, IQR 12-24 months, p<0.0001) than the others. Status epilepticus was observed in 23% and 5% of the encephalitis and CwG groups, respectively. The most frequently described neuroimaging finding were lesions of the splenium of corpus callosum. Four deaths were reported in the encephalitis group, whereas no fatal events were described in the other groups. Among the surviving children, the encephalo-cerebellitis group showed the most severe long-term outcome. All cases of CwG recovered completely. Older age at diagnosis and the development of encephalo-cerebellitis are associated with a higher risk of long-term complications.

Flutter-like oscillationを認めた急性小脳炎例

We report herein on our experience in one case of cerebellitis in which the presence of flutter-like oscillation (FLO) helped in the diagnosis and treatment. A 59-year-old man underwent a medical examination for gait impairment. He presented with transient, horizontal and pendular ocular oscillation. This abnormal eye movement was diagnosed as flutter-like oscillation (FLO). The abnormal ocular motion was a characteristic finding in his neuro-otological findings, and although cell counts and protein concentration in his cerebrospinal fluid were significantly elevated, the results of his blood test and brain MRI findings (diffusion-weighted image, Gd-enhanced T1-weighted image) were unremarkable. Brain perfusion scintigraphy revealed modest increase in cerebellar blood flow. After treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin and immunoadsorption therapy, the FLO disappeared. FLO is a rapid abnormal ocular movement to the left and right of the transient lasting for a few seconds. These are important findings when making the diagnosis. FLO has been reported to be mostly due to a cerebellar deficit. Cerebellitis is a disease that is mainly associated with trunk ataxia, poor coordination of the extremities, dysarthria, and abnormal ocular movements. In many cases, cerebellitis is preceded by symptoms of infection symptoms preceding, but many cases have also been reported where such symptoms are unclear. As for the pathogenesis of cerebellitis, direct bacterial and viral infection, a post-infection-associated immunological mechanism of and activation of a subclinical virus have all been considered. We could not find any obvious signs of a preceding infection in our case and various virus antibodies were also negative. Although the findings of protein cell dissociation were recognized in the cerebrospinal fluid examination carried out as one of the assessments, the cerebellitis in this patient was identified by immunologically. Our results suggested that a diagnosis of cerebellitis could be important for the observation of ocular movement.

Spontaneous Recovery From Severe Encephalitis Involving Cerebellar Gray Matter

We report a case of cerebellitis displaying a severe neurologic onset but with spontaneous recovery, challenging the use of immunomodulatory treatment.

Encefalitis equina venezolana. Epidemia de 1995: perfil clínico de los casos con compromiso neurológico

Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus has caused periodic epidemics and epizootics in the American continent since the 1920s. Such events have been profusely documented from the epidemiologic point of view, however, reports concerning the clinical features of this disease are rather scarce. To analyze the clinical characteristics evidenced by Venezuelan equine encephalitis patients from Zulia state (western Venezuela) studied during the outbreak that occurred in Colombia and Venezuela in 1995. These cases, classified as complicated, were hospitalized at the Hospital Universitario de Maracaibo, state of Zulia, Venezuela. The clinical charts of 313 Venezuelan equine encephalitis patients hospitalized during the period January 1st 1995-March 31st 1996 were reviewed. These cases accounted for 2.82% of 11,072 patients that were medically assisted during the outbreak. The following variables were analyzed: age, gender, signs and symptoms, contact history, complications and evolution. Intracranial hypertension signs became eloquent in 55.9% of these patients. Neurologic complications were represented by two cases of cerebellitis, two cases of meningoencephalitis and one case of encephalomyelitis. The mortality rate was 1.7%. Our results corroborate the benign evolutionary profile that is typical of this entity.