Objective: To understand the status of antiretroviral treatment (ART) referred by the case reporting institutions among HIV/AIDS cases and influencing factors in Beijing. Methods: From June 1, 2017 to April 30, 2019, the data of 4 917 people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) collected from National HIV/AIDS Information System and ART institutions were used to understand the status of ART and influencing factors. No records of ART was defined as referral failure and an interval of more than 15 days between diagnosis of HIV infection and ART initiation was defined as delayed ART. Results: Among the 4 917 HIV/AIDS cases, 16.53% (813/4 917) had referral failure. Among the 4 104 PLWHA who received ART, 30.63% (1 257/4 104) had delayed ART, the median of the interval was 27 days (P(25)-P(75):19-42 days). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that HIV/AIDS cases who were reported by comprehensive hospitals (compared with ART servicers, OR=1.65, 95%CI: 1.30-2.08), in HIV phase (compared with AIDS phase, OR=1.68, 95%CI: 1.34-2.11), with educational level of junior middle school or below (compared with colleague graduate or above, OR=1.42, 95%CI: 1.13-1.79), unemployed (compared with civil servants or staffs, OR=1.32, 95%CI:1.02-1.70), infected through heterosexual behavior (compared with homosexual behavior, OR=1.40, 95%CI: 1.15-1.72), diagnosed in special survey (compared with testing and counseling, OR=1.87, 95%CI: 1.34-2.60) or blood donation (OR=3.52, 95%CI: 1.79-6.92), were more likely to have referral failures. And the PLWHA who were reported by CDCs (OR=1.43, 95%CI: 1.07-1.92) or comprehensive hospitals (compared with ART servicers, OR=1.62, 95%CI: 1.32-1.98), reported by rural reporting institutions (compared with urban reporting institutions, OR=1.24, 95%CI: 1.01-1.52), in HIV phase (compared with AIDS phase, OR=1.42, 95%CI: 1.19-1.70), non-Beijing residence (compared with Beijing residence, OR=1.26, 95%CI: 1.07-1.48), diagnosed in blood donation examination (compared with STD clinics, OR=2.74, 95%CI: 1.21-6.22) were more likely to have delayed ART. Conclusions: The rate of referral failure and delayed ART varied among HIV/AIDS cases with different characteristics. It is still necessary to take effective measures to promote ART in order to reduce referral failure and delayed ART.