Case Of Acute Monocytic Leukemia Research Articles

Dermal monocytic sarcoma/monoblastic tumour: report of two cases of acute monocytic leukemia with initial dermal manifestations only

The clinical and pathological findings in 2 patients with acute monocytic leukemia (AMOL) presenting initially as multiple monoblastic tumours of the skin (monocytic sarcoma) were reviewed. The skin biopsies were originally interpreted as malignant lymphoma and the diagnosis of AMOL was established when overt bone marrow and/or peripheral blood involvement was detected. The time interval from initial skin biopsy to either blood or bone marrow involvement by AMOL was 2 and 18 mth. After diagnosis of extracutaneous dissemination, survival was less than 1 mth. Cytochemistry, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy can aid in the diagnosis of a monocytic sarcoma. Generally, the most practical way to confirm the diagnosis, in everyday practice, on fixed paraffin-embedded tissues is the demonstration of alpha-1-antitrypsin (A1AT) and/or lysozyme by the immunoperoxidase technique.

Killer cell activity of human monoblastic leukemia cells as detected with a monocyte-specific target cell

Peripheral blood leukemia cells from patients with acute monoblastic leukemia (AMoL) were tested for killer cell activity against target cells that detected natural killer cell-mediated or monocyte-mediated spontaneous cytotoxicity. The fibrosarcoma cell line Wehi 164, pretreated with actinomycin D to induce susceptibility to lysis, specifically detects the activity of unstimulated human monocytes. In four of six cases of AMoL, high killer cell activity could be measured against this target. In three of these four cases, the killer cell activity could be assigned exclusively to the leukemic clone, based on the high leukocyte counts and the resultant dilution of normal cells, as evidenced by marker and by functional analysis. While leukemic cells with killer cell activity against Wehi 164 contained 34% to 45% cells that were positive for binding of the 63D3 monoclonal antibody, the two leukemic samples without killer cell activity contained only 1% and 12% 63D3-positive cells. Cell sorting of 63D3-positive and -negative cells from two leukemias with killer cell activity demonstrated that the killer cell activity was restricted to the 63D3-positive fraction of AMoL cells. These data demonstrate that monoblastic leukemia cells can be potent killer cells and that killing activity is linked to the 63D3- defined cell surface molecule.

Killer Cell Activity of Human Monoblastic Leukemia Cells as Detected With a Monocyte-Specific Target Cell

Peripheral blood leukemia cells from patients with acute monoblastic leukemia (AMoL) were tested for killer cell activity against target cells that detected natural killer cell-mediated or monocyte-mediated spontaneous cytotoxicity. The fibrosarcoma cell line Wehi 164, pretreated with actinomycin D to induce susceptibility to lysis, specifically detects the activity of unstimulated human monocytes. In four of six cases of AMoL, high killer cell activity could be measured against this target. In three of these four cases, the killer cell activity could be assigned exclusively to the leukemic clone, based on the high leukocyte counts and the resultant dilution of normal cells, as evidenced by marker and by functional analysis. While leukemic cells with killer cell activity against Wehi 164 contained 34% to 45% cells that were positive for binding of the 63D3 monoclonal antibody, the two leukemic samples without killer cell activity contained only 1% and 12% 63D3-positive cells. Cell sorting of 63D3-positive and -negative cells from two leukemias with killer cell activity demonstrated that the killer cell activity was restricted to the 63D3-positive fraction of AMoL cells. These data demonstrate that monoblastic leukemia cells can be potent killer cells and that killing activity is linked to the 63D3-defined cell surface molecule.

呼吸困難（間質性肺炎）で発症し，診断に困惑した急性単球性白血病の1剖検例

呼吸困難（間質性肺炎）で発症し，診断に困惑した急性単球性白血病の1剖検例

Acute monocytic leukemia: a surface marker study.

Thirteen cases of acute monocytic leukemia (AMoL) were studied morphologically, cytochemically, and immunologically in an attempt to determine similarities and/or differences between acute monocytic and lymphocytic leukemias. Single class surface immunoglobulins (IgG kappa) were seen in six cases. These markers are thought to represent serum immunoglobulins attached to the leukemic monocytes via the receptors for the Fc portion of immunoglobulin and are not synthesized by the cells as is the case with B lymphocytes. Receptors for complement were also noted. It appears that surface immunoglobulins and receptors for the Fc portion of the immunoglobulin and complement, which are found on several classes of normal lymphocytes and monocytes, may also be found on leukemic monocytes. Antisera to B lymphocytes, detecting HlA-DRw antigens, also reacted with some of the leukemic monocytes.

Natural antibodies to the structural core protein (p24) of the human T-cell leukemia (lymphoma) retrovirus found in sera of leukemia patients in Japan.

In Japan, adult T-cell leukemias and lymphomas are more common than in the United States and Europe, and in the southwest part of Japan these T-cell malignancy cases appear in clusters. Therefore, we investigated the involvement in these leukemias and lymphomas of the human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) that was previously isolated in one of our laboratories from cultured T cells of some patients in the United States with leukemias and lymphomas involving relatively mature T cells. High titers of antibodies capable of quantitative precipitation of (125)I-labeled p24, a well characterized core protein of HTLV, were detected in 12 of 12 patients with untreated adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). (One negative was a patient on chemotherapy.) Ten of the 12 positive samples were from an area where the disease is endemic. Strong precipitating antibodies were also detected in five of seven cases of T-cell malignant lymphoma (TML) which differs from ATL by having fewer leukemic cells in the peripheral blood. High antibody titers were also observed in one of five cases of acute monoblastic leukemia and one of eight cases of chronic myelogenous leukemia in the blast phase of the disease. Low to moderate titers of antibodies were detected in several categories of leukemia (two cases of blast-phase chronic myelogenous leukemia, two cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia of the null-cell type, and one case of acute myelogenous leukemia). Among all categories of leukemias, except ATL and TML, more cases were negative than positive for anti-p24 activity. All of 79 sera from normal Japanese, including 39 collected from the endemic ATL area of southwest Japan, were negative for antibodies to HTLV p24. All the positive reactivities observed were highly specific to HTLV. The only competition observed in the precipitation of HTLV p24 was with HTLV or with cell lines expressing HTLV and not with various animal retroviruses or a large number of human and subhuman primate cell lines, not known to be producing HTLV. The data strongly indicate an association of HTLV with the increased incidence of ATL in parts of Japan, probably with other forms of leukemias in Japan, and, less commonly, with certain T-cell malignancies in the United States.

Translocation (9;11)(p21;q23) in three cases of acute monoblastic leukemia

A balanced translocation t(9;11)(p21;q23) was found in three cases of acute monoblastic leukemia (AMol or M5 according to the FAB classification). This translocation, which involves small chromosomal segments of approximately the same length, is difficult to recognize with certainty when techniques other than R-bands are used. A new specific association is proposed between this translocation and acute leukemia of the M5 type.

A Case of Acute Monoblastic Leukemia with Ribosome Lamella Complex-like Structure in Leukemic Cells

A Case of Acute Monoblastic Leukemia with Ribosome Lamella Complex-like Structure in Leukemic Cells

Positive monospot tests preceding the diagnosis of acute monocytic leukemia in two adolescents

The early detection and treatment of two cases of acute monocytic leukemia (AMoL) was hampered by the presence of positive slide tests for infectious mononucleosis (IM). This assumes great importance with the recent development of specific therapy, effective for certain subtypes of nonlymphocytic leukemia.

Cell Marker Analysis in Acute Monocytic Leukemias

Leukemic cells from nine cases of acute monocytic leukemia (AMoL) were characterized by multiple differentiation markers. Cells in most cases were phagocytic, carried an Fc receptor, and stained positively for alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase but negatively for naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase. However, subtle differences in marker expression were observed which suggested different degrees of leukemic cellular maturation or activation. Cell marker analysis proved to be a useful adjunct to conventional morphology in confirming the diagnosis and the recognition of the neoplastic cells in AMoL, and may ultimately provide insight into the functional state of these cells.

Cell marker analysis in acute monocytic leukemias

Leukemic cells from nine cases of acute monocytic leukemia (AMoL) were characterized by multiple differentiation markers. Cells in most cases were phagocytic, carried an Fc receptor, and stained positively for alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase but negatively for naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase. However, subtle differences in marker expression were observed which suggested different degrees of leukemic cellular maturation or activation. Cell marker analysis proved to be a useful adjunct to conventional morphology in confirming the diagnosis and the recognition of the neoplastic cells in AMoL, and may ultimately provide insight into the functional state of these cells.

A Case of Acute Monocytic Leukemia Treated with Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation from HLA Identical Sibling

A Case of Acute Monocytic Leukemia Treated with Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation from HLA Identical Sibling

An unusual case of acute monocytic leukaemia with otitis media and bilateral facial paralysis

An unusual case of acute monocytic leukaemia with otitis media and bilateral facial paralysis

A Case of Acute Monocytic Leukemia Complicating Pulmonary Tuberculosis

A Case of Acute Monocytic Leukemia Complicating Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Microscopic and Histochemical Studies on the Auer Bodies in Leukemic Cells

Abstract (1) Seventeen cases of acute leukemia with Auer bodies have been reported. Studies were carried out on 7 cases of acute monocytic leukemia and 3 cases of subacute myelogenous leukemia. (2) Histochemical studies showed the Auer bodies to be oxidase, peroxidase, and periodic acid-Schiff positive; sudanophilic, slightly metachromatic and to give positive tests for acetal lipids and ribonucleic acid. (3) The Auer bodies were negative for acid and alkaline phosphatase, lipase, glycogen, desoxyribonucleic acid and were non-birefringent. (4) A change in the chemical nature of the Auer body from an acid condition to a more neutral state was noted. This change corresponded with the changes of the normal cytoplasmic granulation of the myelocytes and monocytes during maturation. (5) The effects of cellular movements, trauma, and temperature changes upon the Auer bodies were studied. (6) Several leukemic cells, containing Auer bodies, were studied during the process of mitosis. (7) A theory as to the formation and disintegration of the Auer bodies has been presented.