Case Of Aceh Research Articles

Why vernacular language planning matters for preserving Acehnese languages?

Language planning policy is essential for language preservation, yet research rarely addresses vernacular or local languages specifically. This study examines how vernacular language planning policies can contribute to the preservation and revitalization of local languages, focusing on the case of Aceh, a province in Indonesia with a rich variety of local languages requiring preservation efforts. The study’s primary goal is to identify an effective framework for vernacular language planning in Aceh that can serve as a practical reference for language policymakers, planners, and researchers in Indonesia and beyond. Utilizing a systematic review method, this research analyzes literature on language vitality, endangerment, revitalization, and planning policy. Key findings reveal a newly developed vernacular language planning framework tailored to the current vitality status of Acehnese languages, offering a suitable model for their preservation and revitalization. This framework has the potential to serve as a foundational tool for efforts to sustain and revive Acehnese and other vernacular languages more broadly.

The Role of Mediation in Resolving Divorce Cases Due to Physical Incapacity in Indonesian Sharia Courts: Banda Aceh Case Study

This research examines the role of mediation in resolving divorce cases due to physical incapacity such as impotence at the Banda Aceh Sharia Court. With a qualitative approach and case study, this research explores the effectiveness of mediation supported by medical assessment in managing marital conflict. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and document analysis. The research results show that mediation is effective in reducing divorce rates and helping couples overcome impotence problems with appropriate therapy, while reducing social and psychological stigma. This research recommends integrating medical evaluation in mediation and increasing the capacity of mediators, emphasizing the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in mediation to support family well-being and integrity in Islamic family law.

Should Conflict Research End after Peace Achieved? The Case of Aceh

A large body of literature focusing on the Aceh conflict now exists as a result of the intellectual journey to comprehend Aceh separatism since it began in 1976. This essay discusses the evolution of research on the Aceh conflict and argues that research should continue, even though peace has prevailed since 2005. Aside from providing opportunities to obtain new evidence to challenge conventional explanations, conflict research also provides opportunities to acquire knowledge and wisdom from the past to support long-term peacebuilding. Research should be expanded, particularly on agendas that have received little attention but will significantly contribute to preserving collective memory, preventing recurring conflict, and handling conflict trauma.

Residents' involvement in disaster tourism as a practice: The Case of an Islam destination, Aceh

Residents' involvement is essential for destinations' post-disaster revival. Religion, as an ingrained value and ritual system, significantly affects residents' involvement in disaster tourism. Based on a case of Aceh, Indonesia, this study adopted a practice-based approach and investigated how religion conditions the practice of residents' involvement in disaster tourism. We conducted six focus-group interviews and practice theory–guided thematic analysis. We first identified the defining elements of residents' involvement practice and subsequent configuration. Then, we presented practice-arrangement bundles where the core practice was embedded. Finally, we discussed how religion provides an institutional context for intra-practice and cross-practice evolution. Our work contributes to a collective and sociological perspective on how the social phenomenon of residents' involvement in disaster tourism develops under religion.

Ghosts on the Scene of Gas

Abstract This article describes a vision of time (the past and the future) in post-industrial dynamics that the author and her co-researchers could gain through shooting a film in the region of Lhokseumawe, Aceh, a once fruitful site of extraction of natural gas subsequently planned to become a Special Economic Zone. It engages with the notion of “worlding” processes and pinpoints, in the ethnographic case of Aceh, the difficulty to access them through discourse because specific strategies of silencing and erasure are enforced throughout an emotional landscape. It is argued that it was the use of film-making as a relational tool aiming to create images that enabled the researchers to see through time and beyond regimes of invisibility. This is how they met ghosts on the gas scene. The steps in the making of an ethnographic film are used as a narrative lead. A scene is set up where the extractive economy of gas is linked to a global vision of development and prosperity as well as to present and past national politics, including a thirty-year-long war of resistance (1975–2005). The creation of a Special Economic Zone is shown to provide a relevant interpretive prism. Different styles of self-staging reveal cultures of suffering in North Aceh. It is argued that fear as a collective emotion takes different shapes across time and serves different political scenarios. Dispossession of land and under-remunerated work appear on the scene; the film’s feminine characters’ positive look to the future appears as an active effort of elaboration of the evolving context. The film Aceh, After is on free access at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SR89korhLwQ.

Dis/connection: Violence, Religion, and Geographic Imaginings in Aceh and Colonial Indonesia, 1890s–1920s

This article draws attention to the case of Aceh to analyse the mechanisms through which ideologically driven geographic imaginings obscured the role of place and class in colonial and anti-colonial violence in Indonesia. Its main perspective is the region's West Coast. In the course of the long and brutal Dutch-Acehnese war (1873–1942), the West Coast of Sumatra was transformed from a dynamic centre of trade, commerce, and religious renewal into a colonial frontier. Violent resistance persisted in this area as the Dutch involved themselves in and exacerbated local contestations for authority and resources. Colonial discourse worked to conceal these complexities, foregrounding an image of the West Coast as a remote, backwards, and inherently dangerous place, prone to a violent Muslim millenarianism.

Characteristics of building fragility curves for seismic and non-seismic tsunamis: case studies of the 2018 Sunda Strait, 2018 Sulawesi–Palu, and 2004 Indian Ocean tsunamis

Abstract. Indonesia has experienced several tsunamis triggered by seismic and non-seismic (i.e., landslides) sources. These events damaged or destroyed coastal buildings and infrastructure and caused considerable loss of life. Based on the Global Earthquake Model (GEM) guidelines, this study assesses the empirical tsunami fragility to the buildings inventory of the 2018 Sunda Strait, 2018 Sulawesi–Palu, and 2004 Indian Ocean (Khao Lak–Phuket, Thailand) tsunamis. Fragility curves represent the impact of tsunami characteristics on structural components and express the likelihood of a structure reaching or exceeding a damage state in response to a tsunami intensity measure. The Sunda Strait and Sulawesi–Palu tsunamis are uncommon events still poorly understood compared to the Indian Ocean tsunami (IOT), and their post-tsunami databases include only flow depth values. Using the TUNAMI two-layer model, we thus reproduce the flow depth, the flow velocity, and the hydrodynamic force of these two tsunamis for the first time. The flow depth is found to be the best descriptor of tsunami damage for both events. Accordingly, the building fragility curves for complete damage reveal that (i) in Khao Lak–Phuket, the buildings affected by the IOT sustained more damage than the Sunda Strait tsunami, characterized by shorter wave periods, and (ii) the buildings performed better in Khao Lak–Phuket than in Banda Aceh (Indonesia). Although the IOT affected both locations, ground motions were recorded in the city of Banda Aceh, and buildings could have been seismically damaged prior to the tsunami's arrival, and (iii) the buildings of Palu City exposed to the Sulawesi–Palu tsunami were more susceptible to complete damage than the ones affected by the IOT, in Banda Aceh, between 0 and 2 m flow depth. Similar to the Banda Aceh case, the Sulawesi–Palu tsunami load may not be the only cause of structural destruction. The buildings' susceptibility to tsunami damage in the waterfront of Palu City could have been enhanced by liquefaction events triggered by the 2018 Sulawesi earthquake.

Can post-disaster tourism development improve destination livelihoods? A case study of Aceh, Indonesia

Destinations are vulnerable to natural disasters, which can result in damage to infrastructure and built facilities, negative destination images, and a difficult time of recovery. Recently, a growing number of destinations have incorporated tourism development in their disaster relief efforts and used post-disaster tourism as a strategy to enhance local livelihoods and build community resilience. Guided by the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework for Tourism (SLFT), this study analyzed the case of Aceh, Indonesia, a destination that had been struck by a severe natural disaster and developed tsunami tourism as a strategy to recover. The data were collected through focus group interviews among local stakeholders. Based on the SLFT, this study employed a deductive approach to analyze the data and identified six themes. The findings not only validated the applicability of the SLFT to a post-disaster tourism development context, but also revealed how tourism could contribute to various community assets and a resilient destination in the aftermath of a crisis. The study also underscored the importance of local culture and religion during the recovery process. Based on the findings, further discussions are provided regarding the dynamics involving sustainable development, post-disaster tourism, and resilient destinations.

A Tsunami-Related Life History of Survivors in Banda Aceh, Indonesia and Sendai, Japan

In tsunami risk-reduction programs the survivors’ life history provides first-hand information about how they responded during and after a catastrophe. However, knowledge of tsunami-related experiences is not always systematically managed and institutionally communicated across generations. Some risk reduction programs lack of informed knowledge of tsunami-related experiences and consequently tend to be insensitive towards survivors’ life history. The aim of this paper is to examine how tsunami survivors constructed their tsunami-related knowledge and collective memories, taking the cases of Banda Aceh, Indonesia after the 2004 tsunami and Sendai, Japan after the 2011 tsunami. This paper, in particular, seeks to explore how the survivors’ experience helped to institutionalize their tsunami-related knowledge in a transferrable risk-reduction consciousness. Using first-hand interviews as well as interview recordings which were accessible online, this paper argues that in both cases of tsunami survivor cohorts, knowledge of tsunami-related experience was constructed through survival strategies and recovery processes in the aftermath of the events. Knowledge of survival strategies was constructed over time; and the longer period from the time of event, the more tacit the knowledge was. The process of knowledge construction was systematic in the Sendai case but was vernacular in the Banda Aceh case. However, in both cases the need for more engaged institutional communication between the government agencies and the people was evident.

ISLAM AND DISASTER: A REFINED CONCEPT THROUGH COMMUNITY’S DISASTER PERCEPTION OF POST THE 2004 INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMI

Purpose of the study:The purpose of this study is to present the Islamic conception on the disasters that accepted by the communityfrom a case of Aceh of post the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami.
 Methodology:The data was collected from several interviews with the key persons in tsunami-affected areas. The interviewed key persons wereTengkus or Ulamaswho havea role in constructing the community disaster perception, community members and related stakeholders. The interview results were identified and coded based on the similarity and related to the study purpose.
 Main Findings:The interpretation of disaster based on the religious context of post the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami has been trended negatively to construct the community’s disaster perception. The perceptions are most driven by the key person in society such as Tengkus or Ulamasbut it seems to be far from disaster risk reduction goals. The disaster risk reduction efforts should pay on this matter in order to make community more resilient to face future disasters.
 Applications of this study:This study can be useful as the important noted in strengthening and managing disaster risk perception through community disaster preparedness based on scientific explanation and its relationship to the religious perspectives. The findings from this study could be included through the disaster risk reduction effort, policy, programs.
 Novelty/Originalityof this study:The originality of this study lays on the fact that the religious leaders in the community such as Tengkusor Ulama of post the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami take roles in constructing the community disaster perceptions. Researchers have not yet fully studied the development process of disaster perception based on the religious perspectives of post-disaster and how to deal on it.

Provisional Notes on How “Hilarious” Living Under Sharia Law (The Case of Aceh)

Abstract
 Drawing upon anthropological theory of resistance and testing its limits, I will present a closer observation on how dissenting voices to the state project of Sharia in contemporary Aceh look on the ground. Without thereby renouncing its violent effects, some ethnographic stories I recount in this writing will reveal how the implementation of Sharia in contemporary Aceh has created inherently amusing situations and how it has occasionally become a humor producing machine.

Ontologies of Property: Land Titling after the Indian Ocean Tsunami Disaster

Abstract The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami killed over 150,000 people and displaced over 500,000 in Indonesia alone. In the worst hit province of Aceh, the disaster damaged or destroyed almost all land-related records. The response included a World Bank-designed systematic land titling project. The Aceh case highlights a number of ontological assumptions of titling projects in natural disaster contexts, including that states are able to replace heterodox local processes with law; and that titling is a depoliticised technical process for the evidencing of existing legal rights to land. The article highlights the way in which the ontological framing of land titling is misplaced in dynamic circumstances of disaster involving urgent needs for shelter, and associated reconfigurations of property and human settlements.

Heritage planning and rethinking the meaning and values of designating heritage sites in a post-disaster context: The case of Aceh, Indonesia

Heritage has become a driver of development as stated in the New Urban Agenda 2016 report. A starting premise of most recent studies of the concept of heritage suggests that its nature is not as a static inheritance with fixed and enduring values. Rather, the identification of sites as heritage requires a process of identification, or heritage creation. Heritage is a fluid phenomenon rather than a static set of objects or sites with fixed meanings. This paper uses theory from Smith [1] who argued that there is no such thing as a heritage; heritage is essentially a cultural custom and social process. Today, site-based heritage planning only considers the values of old towns and lacks clarity in terms of values that create criteria for the designation of cultural heritage sites in another context. Yet, this approach is needed as a way to maintain urban assets that significantly contribute to the establishment of values and quality parts of the city. Heritage planning is also the act of communicating and remembering the past for the present and the future in the public domain. This paper aims to formulate a conceptual heritage planning of designating heritage sites that challenges the traditional notion of heritage which considers age as a key element in heritage, the privileges monumentality and grand scale, with scientific/aesthetic expert judgment as a requirement of heritage designations. The limited idea of heritage based on exclusive values as something ancient, grand-scale, historical, and with other exclusive values has excluded many places as heritage in communities emerging from disasters. Debates within the critical heritage studies movement argue that heritage is a cultural product linked to activities of remembering and is an act of communication. The dominant hypothesis is that heritage values cannot remain to exist if the physical or material aspects of sites are destroyed and this hypothesis feels flawed. This paper asks us to acknowledge the importance of understanding how local values create heritage, that heritage is not only about material and physical aspects but it is also a cultural process. The methodology used is ethnography with in-depth interviews to uncover meaning and values in this context. This paper uses the examples of how the sites in Aceh that were affected by the tsunami disaster in 2004 such as the PLTD Apung ship and the Mosque of Ulee Lheue are sites that a mutual and role of historical city relating to the potential as signs of civilization, historical values, commemorative values, religious values, and values of consensus within the community as outstanding local values, as a basis of consideration in rethinking the designations of heritage sites of less than 50 years old.

Rehabilitating coastal agriculture and aquaculture after inundation events: Spatial analysis of livelihood recovery in post-tsunami Aceh, Indonesia

This paper presents GIS time-series land-use analysis of satellite images to quantify the recovery of rice cultivation and aquaculture following the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami in coastal communities in Aceh, Indonesia. We supplement this with qualitative data to illustrate the post-disaster challenges faced by residents, and the extent to which coastal communities have adapted to post-tsunami realities. Our analysis shows that the rehabilitation of rice cultivation and aquaculture in areas inundated by the tsunami has been limited by extensive degradation of land, diversion of labor by tsunami mortality and transition to alternative livelihoods, and re-purposing of rice fields for residential use during the reconstruction phase. This is especially prominent in areas where subsistence activities are not the primary source of livelihood. The Aceh case study shows that social, economic, and environmental factors can be stronger determinants of how coastal livelihoods rebound and change following destructive inundation events than livelihood rehabilitation aid. Additionally, our case study suggests the human impact of coastal hazards can be felt outside the physical extent of inundation.

The Preliminary Study on The Effect of Coarse Particles Content on OMC and Maximum Dry Unit Weight: A Case of Aceh’s Fill Materials

Empirical evidence suggests that the percentage of coarse fraction content on soil has an influence on the soil optimum moisture content (OMC) and soil maximum dry density (MDD). This phenomenon is used as a basis to examine the characteristics of Aceh’s fill materials. The major objective of the present study is to determine the relationship between coarse-grained content and OMC and MDD of the Aceh’s fill materials. This relationship is important in the justification of soil suitability as materials for engineering construction. Thirty (30) soil samples from various locations in the Province of Aceh have been collected and tested. The tests carried out include soil physical properties tests and standard compaction test. In the case of a relationship between soil coarse fraction content and soil OMC or MDD, two general findings have been deduced. The first finding of the present study shows that the soil OMC decreases when the content of coarse-grained particles in the soil increases. The later finding shows a positive correlation between coarse particles content and the soil MDD which the increase of the content of coarse-grained particles in the soil will increase the value of the soil’s MDD. In conclusion, the coarse particles content affects the OMC and MDD of Aceh’s fill materials

Mental health in Aceh – Indonesia: A decade after the devastating tsunami 2004

The province of Aceh has suffered enormously from the perennial armed conflict and the devastating Tsunami in 2004. Despite the waves of external aid and national concern geared toward improving healthcare services as part of the reconstruction and rehabilitation efforts after the Tsunami, mental health services still require much attention. This paper aims to understand the mental healthcare system in Aceh Province, Indonesia; its main focus is on the burden, on the healthcare system, its development, service delivery and cultural issues from the devastating Tsunami in 2004 until the present. We reviewed those published and unpublished reports from the local and national government, from international instances (UN bodies, NGOs) and from the academic literature pertaining to mental health related programs conducted in Aceh. To some extent, mental health services in Aceh have been improved compared to their condition before the Tsunami. The development programs have focused on procurement of policy, improvement of human resources, and enhancing service delivery. Culture and religious beliefs shape the pathways by which people seek mental health treatment. The political system also determines the development of the mental health service in the province. The case of Aceh is a unique example where conflict and disaster serve as the catalysts toward the development of a mental healthcare system. Several factors contribute to the improvement of the mental health system, but security is a must. Whilst the Acehnese enjoy the improvements, some issues such as stigma, access to care and political fluctuations remain challenging.

KANUNISASI FIKIH JINAYAT KONTEMPORER Studi Materi Muatan Qānūn Jināyat Aceh dan Brunei Darussalam

This article will view specifically codification of Islamic Criminal Law in `Muslim community, such as Brunei Darussalam, a country based on Islamic principles, and Aceh is a part of Indonesian territory administratively, granted special autonomy to implement Islamic Sharia. Despite having different qualities, -as a country and a province- both have in common as a political power which apply Islamic Criminal Law. Refer to both qānūn jināyat in Brunei and Aceh, the author’ll explain the substance of the criminal law in both area, while also reinforces the implementation of Islamic Criminal Law in the framework of a modern state. The article concludes that basically the application of Islamic Sharia, particularly the Islamic Criminal Law, is closely related to the situation and socio-political conditions of a community or country. The differences of political system, for example, has contributed to the difference in the output of product or policy made by a particular country or territory. On the other hand, Brunei and the Aceh case show that there has been adjustment Islamic Criminal Law specifically set forth in the books of fiqh (as illustration of the Qur'an and Sunnah) with the needs of the community itself

Conflict Transformation and Social Reconciliation: The Case of Aceh, Indonesia

This paper will discuss conflict transformation in Aceh and analyzes it in the international, structural, actor, issues, and personal contexts. The data show that the five contexts are supportive of the transformation of conflict from an armed rebellion and peaceful referendum to social reconciliation. The Aceh case shows also the complexity of the reconciliation that includes three parties: the GAM (Free Aceh Movement), which emphasizes politico-economic redistribution; the Islamic community, which demands the impelementation of Syariah (Islamic laws); and the central government, which determines to preserve the territorial integrity. The agreement and new law were impelemented and resulted in compromise and consensus in socio-political spheres in the new Aceh.

Experiments in Cross‐Scalar Labour Organizing: Reflections on Trade Union‐Building Work in Aceh after the 2004 Tsunami

Abstract: As part of the post‐tsunami reconstruction effort in Aceh, international labour movement organizations “jumped scale” in an attempt to revitalize a moribund local labour movement. This article provides a close analysis of the four internationally sponsored trade union building projects undertaken as part of that process. This unique intervention sheds light on the crucial role of local context and the extent to which the principles of international solidarity and the pragmatics of trade union diplomacy are mediated through money, institutions, individuals and day‐to‐day activities. The Aceh case underscores the importance of contingency and the agency of individuals in shaping an international intervention of this kind. In doing so it demonstrates how circuits of labour activism can be affected by constraints and opportunities unrelated to trade union politics or the relations of production.

Developing a Movement? Aid-Based Mediated Diffusion as a Strategy to Promote Labour Activism in post-Tsunami Aceh

Abstract In this article we examine the extent to which mediated diffusion through trade union development aid succeeded in helping to establish a labour movement in Aceh after the 2004 tsunami. The international labour movement organisations involved in the post-tsunami reconstruction effort in Aceh focused their efforts primarily on humanitarian aid, physical infrastructure and vocational education. However, they also supported trade union-building programs, which succeeded in strengthening individual trade unions and instilling a sense of shared identity amongst Acehnese labour activists but ultimately failed to ensure the sustainability of the movement. We argue that while the Aceh case highlights the importance of local context to the outcomes of such interventions, the constraints imposed on international labour donors and their local counterparts by their focus on reconstruction and the time pressures of the post-tsunami aid cycle raise questions about the efficacy of the aid model as a means of promoting the growth of a social movement.