Case-control Approach Research Articles

Hubungan Kadar Gula Darah Dengan Gangguan Neuropati Perifer Pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2

Objective: to identify the relationship between blood sugar levels and peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitusMethods: This article is a type of analytical research with a Case Control approach. The data analysis method used in this research is the Retrospective Approach method. To see the relationship between two variables, namely the independent variable and the dependent variable that occurred first. To test the hypothesis in this study, the Chi Square statistical test was used.Results: The results of the Chi-Square statistical test obtained P-Value = 0.000 (≤ 0.05) which means that there is a relationship between blood sugar levels and peripheral neuropathy disorders in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the Tiban Baru Health Center Batam City in 2021. The results of the close relationship analysis were obtained OR = 22.22 (95% CI 1.906 - 88.428) people at the Tiban Baru Health Center who suffer from type 2 diabetes who experience uncontrolled blood sugar levels have a 22.22 times possibility of experiencing peripheral neuropathy compared to type 2 DM patients who experience blood sugar levels controlledConclusion: From the correlation test, the value of OR = 22.22% means that uncontrolled blood sugar levels contribute 22.22% to peripheral neuropathy 77.78% is influenced by other factors

RISK FACTORS AFFECTING SCABIES IN BAUBAU CITY

Scabies is known as a contagious skin disease that attacks humans and animals. Data from the Baubau City Health Office of scabies has increased by 195 cases in January-May 2021. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors that influence the incidence of scabies in Baubau City. This type of research was a quantitative research with a case control approach, the number of samples is 92, with 46 case respondents and 46 control respondents. The technique for determining the number of samples was simple random sampling. Data processing using SPSS 22 with univariate and bivariate analysis. Based on the results of the bivariate analysis showed that knowledge p Value 0.0300.05 with OR value= 2.917, personal hygiene p Value 0.0350.05 with OR value= 2.731, and clean water facilities p-value 0.5720.05 with OR value= 1,622. The conclusion of this study was that there was an influence between knowledge and personal hygiene with the incidence of scabies and there was no effect of clean water facilities with the incidence of scabies in the working area of Betoambari Public Health Center.

Extrinsic factors of pressure injuries in patients during surgery: A frequency matched retrospective study.

This study was to clarify the connection between extrinsic factors and the risk of perioperative pressure injuries (PIs) through the case-control approach, which involved making the intrinsic factors of the patients in the control group with no PIs consistent with those of the case group with PIs. We collected samples from a teaching hospital in Taiwan. We found a total of 132 patients deemed to have developed perioperative PIs. Using 1:2 frequency matching, we matched these cases with patients who had not developed PIs by gender, age, and BMI. Binary logistic regression analysis of the odds ratios of the extrinsic factors and PI risk revealed that the independent variables with statistical significance included duration of anaesthesia 3h, amount of blood loss, use of electric blankets, diastolic blood pressure below 60 mmHg during surgery, and oxyhemoglobin saturation by pulse oximetry (SPO2 ) below 93% during surgery. Emphasis should be placed on cooperation among the medical team during surgery, less use of electric blankets, control over the duration of anaesthesia and blood loss, continuous monitoring of the patient during surgery for any emergencies, and the maintenance of patient diastolic blood pressure and blood oxygen levels to reduce the risk of PIs.

The Risks of Sexual and Reproductive Activity on the Occurrence of Cervical Cancer in Central Sulawesi Province: Case Study of patients of Undata Hospital

This study aimed to determine the risk of age at first having sexual intercourse, parity, use of hormonal contraception, and exposure to cigarette smoke for the incidence of cervical cancer in Undata Hospital. This type of research was a quantitative method with a case-control approach. Case samples were 48 people, and control samples were 48 people with matching ages. Sampling was done by purposive sampling. The data source used secondary data from medical record records for 2021-2022 and primary data obtained through interviews with questionnaires. Data analysis used the odds ratio test, and the results showed that age at first sexual intercourse (OR= 2.333; CI = 1.029-5.292), parity (OR= 4.000; CI = 1.712-9.346), use of hormonal contraception (OR= 2.600; CI = 1.130-5.984), and exposure to cigarette smoke (OR= 1.486; CI = 0.539-4.100), are risk factors for cervical cancer. To overcome the incidence of cervical cancer, women of childbearing age and sexually active are expected to be routinely screened by doing pap HPV smear and vaccination

Faktor Risiko Hepatitis B pada Ibu Hamil di Kota Semarang Tahun 2020-2021 (Studi Kasus di Puskesmas Genuk & Puskesmas Bangetayu)

Hepatitis B virus is a blood-borne pathogen that causes hepatitis B. Data from Semarang City Health Office showed that there were 359 and 181 cases of hepatitis B in pregnant women in 2020 and 2021. Genuk Public Health Center and Bangetayu Public Health Center have been in the top ten highest cases for two years in a row. The purpose is to determine the risk factors for the incidence of hepatitis B in pregnant women in the working area of Genuk Public Health Center and Bangetayu Public Health Center, Semarang City in 2020-2021. The type of research is observational analytical methods with case-control approach. This study used purposive sampling technique with sample size of 61 cases and 61 controls. The data analysis used is univariate, bivariate, and multivariate. Processing data using Chi-Square, Fisher, and logistic regression. The results showed that there is a relationship between parity (p=0.000), education level (p=0.025), age at first marriage (p=0.007), frequency of spouse's marriage (p=0.008), spouses’s hepatitis B status (p=0.001), history of spouse’s mobility (p=0.007), family history of hepatitis B (p=001), and history of needle use (p=0.013) with the incidence of hepatitis B in pregnant women. The suggestions are implementation of counseling on early marriage, family planning education, and strengthening surveillance and monitoring.

The Effect of Consumption Patterns and Sanitation of Vegetables and Fruits on Pesticide Residues in Mothers of Under-Two Years Short Toddlers in the City of Malang

Studies in Malang and Cianjur reported that there are pesticide residues from organochlorine, organophosphate and carbamate in agricultural products such as cabbage, carrots and tomatoes. A preliminary study on vegetable and fruit in the Malang City area described that 18 out of 25 mothers with under-two years toddlers did not sanitize vegetables and fruits properly. The study's purpose was to analyze the effect of consumption patterns and sanitation of vegetables and fruits on pesticide residues in mothers of under-two years stunted toddlers in the Malang City area. This was analytical research with a case-control approach. The population of study is all mothers of under-two years children in Malang City area. The respondents are 10 mothers which consist of 5 mothers of case and 5 mothers of control group. Data were collected by documentation and interviews; the pesticide's residue was measured by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometry method.

Oral conditions and other symptoms among older persons in long-term care facilities during the end of life.

The purpose was to examine the association between oral conditions and other symptoms in long-term care facilities during the last days of life. A retrospective case-control study approach was used in this study, with the Minimum Data Set (MDS, ver. 3.0 2015) that was maintained and administrated by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). Residents with oral conditions (n=4304) were selected with any oral conditions (e.g., ulcers, inflamed/bleeding gums, mouth/facial pain). The control cases (n=12912) were selected using propensity analysis. Oral conditions had significant impacts on depression, poor appetite, pain, shortness of breath, and constipation. Although no statistically significant differences in trouble sleeping, vomiting, internal bleeding, and dehydration were found between the cases with oral conditions and the control, more residents with oral conditions reported trouble sleeping and dehydration compared to the control. It is important to provide preventive and proactive intervention for oral conditions, not only to minimize the negative effects of oral conditions on other symptoms in long-term care facilities, but also to share philanthropic support with people who might be suffering other symptoms due to oral conditions at the end of life.

Relationship Of Nutritional Status With Acute Respiratory Infection Incidence In Toddlers

ARI (Acute Respiratory Infection) in Indonesia always ranks first as the cause of infant mortality as much as 32.1% of infant mortality in 2009, and 38.8% cause of death in under-fives in 2011. ARI is also often on the list of the 10 most common diseases in hospitals. Based on data from the disease eradication (P2) ARI Program the coverage of ARI patients exceeded the target, the target set was only 16,534 cases but the results obtained were 18,749 (13,4%). This research is a descriptive analytic study with a case control approach. The research was carried out at the Jambi Health Center. The population in this study was the number of toddlers who were at the Jambi Public Health Center on July 2021, 1,110 toddlers. The sample in this study were 89 toddlers using the Accidental Sampling technique. Collecting data using medical records and questionnaire sheets as research aids. Data were analyzed by univariate and bivariate. The results of statistical tests using Chi-square show a p-value of 0.00 0.05, meaning that there is a significant relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of ARI in children under five at the Jambi Public Health Center in 2021. Efforts to reduce the incidence of ARI are expected in undernourished toddlers, as health workers must be more active in providing counseling to mothers who have toddlers about nutritious food needed by toddlers, it doesn't need to be expensive, the important thing is that the nutrients needed are fulfilled like Balanced Nutrition.

HUBUNGAN IBU HAMIL SEBAGAI PEROKOK PASIF DENGAN BERAT BADAN LAHIR RENDAH

Smoking is a prohibited habit, both during pregnancy and not pregnant, both passive and active smoking. The negative impacts of cigarettes and their smoke on pregnant women and their fetuses include low birth weight (LBW) from normal (inhibited fetal growth) and this condition greatly affects the growth and development of the fetus. Abnormal body weight will easily cause growth and development obstacles. This study aims to determine the relationship between pregnant women as passive smokers with low birth weight at Syekh Yusuf Gowa Hospital. This research is a quantitative research with a case control approach which was carried out on March 17-April 17 2019 at Syekh Yusuf Gowa Hospital. The data obtained at Syekh Yusuf Gowa Hospital were 24 passive smokers and 6 non-passive smokers who experienced LBW incidents. Chi-square analysis found that 19 people (79.2%) experienced passive smokers with LBW events and 5 babies were born normal 20.8%) while non-passive smokers with LBW were 1 person (16.7%) and 5 people born normally (83.3%) obtained a value (ρ-value <0.5) with a value of ρ = 0.09 . The results showed that there was a relationship between passive smoking during pregnancy and low birth weight babies. The value of ρ = 0.009 is smaller than α = 0.05. From the results of the study, it is necessary to socialize in the community about the relationship between passive smoking during pregnancy and the incidence of LBW, so that pregnant women can find out the side effects due to exposure to cigarette smoke. In conclusion, there is a relationship between passive smoking during pregnancy and the incidence of LBW.

Prediction of pre-eclampsia complicated by fetal growth restriction and its perinatal outcome based on an artificial neural network model.

Objective: Pre-eclampsia (PE) complicated by fetal growth restriction (FGR) increases both perinatal mortality and the incidence of preterm birth and neonatal asphyxia. Because ultrasound measurements are bone markers, soft tissues, such as fetal fat and muscle, are ignored, and the selection of section surface and the influence of fetal position can lead to estimation errors. The early detection of FGR is not easy, resulting in a relative delay in intervention. It is assumed that FGR complicated with PE can be predicted by laboratory and clinical indicators. The present study adopts an artificial neural network (ANN) to assess the effect and predictive value of changes in maternal peripheral blood parameters and clinical indicators on the perinatal outcomes in patients with PE complicated by FGR. Methods: This study used a retrospective case-control approach. The correlation between maternal peripheral blood parameters and perinatal outcomes in pregnant patients with PE complicated by FGR was retrospectively analyzed, and an ANN was constructed to assess the value of the changes in maternal blood parameters in predicting the occurrence of PE complicated by FGR and adverse perinatal outcomes. Results: A total of 15 factors-maternal age, pre-pregnancy body mass index, inflammatory markers (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio), coagulation parameters (prothrombin time and thrombin time), lipid parameters (high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, and triglyceride counts), platelet parameters (mean platelet volume and plateletcrit), uric acid, lactate dehydrogenase, and total bile acids-were correlated with PE complicated by FGR. A total of six ANNs were constructed with the adoption of these parameters. The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of predicting the occurrence of the following diseases and adverse outcomes were respectively as follows: 84.3%, 97.7%, and 78% for PE complicated by FGR; 76.3%, 97.3%, and 68% for provider-initiated preterm births,; 81.9%, 97.2%, and 51% for predicting the severity of FGR; 80.3%, 92.9%, and 79% for premature rupture of membranes; 80.1%, 92.3%, and 79% for postpartum hemorrhage; and 77.6%, 92.3%, and 76% for fetal distress. Conclusion: An ANN model based on maternal peripheral blood parameters has a good predictive value for the occurrence of PE complicated by FGR and its adverse perinatal outcomes, such as the severity of FGR and preterm births in these patients.

Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Preeclampsia in Pregnant Women at Sibuhuan Hospital, Barumun District, Regency The Old Field in 2022

Preeclampsia is still the biggest cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality worldwide. One of the basic theories that is most responsible for the occurrence of this syndrome is endothelial dysfunction in placentation defects. (Keman, 2014). Maternal mortality in Indonesia is still dominated by the three main causes of death, namely bleeding, preeclampsia and infection. Preeclampsia affects 3-5% of pregnancies and is responsible for more than 60,000 maternal deaths and 500,000 fetal deaths per year worldwide. The purpose of this research is to find outFactors Affecting the occurrence of Pre-eclampsia in pregnant women in hospitals. Sibuhuan Barumun District, Padang Lawas Regency in 2022. The type of research conducted is analytic observational with a case control approach, the population in the study is 733 people and the number of samples is 27 people using the techniquepurposive sampling. The data collected in this study is secondary data, namely data obtained from medical records. The data analysis used was univariate analysis and bivariate analysis. The research results areFactors that do not influence the occurrence of pre-eclampsia are age, parity, spacing of pregnancies, history of diabetes mellitus, and factors that influence the occurrence of pre-eclampsia are factors of history of hypertension in pregnant women in hospitals. Sibuhuan, Barumun District, Padang Lawas Regency in 2022. It is hoped that all health workers inHOSPITAL. Sibuhuanexpected to be more active in providing counseling related tofactors that influence the occurrence of pre-eclampsia in pregnant women

The PRECISE-DYAD protocol: linking maternal and infant health trajectories in sub-Saharan Africa

Background: PRECISE-DYAD is an observational cohort study of mother-child dyads running in urban and rural communities in The Gambia and Kenya. The cohort is being followed for two years and includes uncomplicated pregnancies and those that suffered pregnancy hypertension, fetal growth restriction, preterm birth, and/or stillbirth. Methods: The PRECISE-DYAD study will follow up ~4200 women and their children recruited into the original PRECISE study. The study will add to the detailed pregnancy information and samples in PRECISE, collecting additional biological samples and clinical information on both the maternal and child health. Women will be asked about both their and their child’s health, their diets as well as undertaking a basic cardiology assessment. Using a case-control approach, some mothers will be asked about their mental health, their experiences of care during labour in the healthcare facility. In a sub-group, data on financial expenditure during antenatal, intrapartum, and postnatal periods will also be collected. Child development will be assessed using a range of tools, including neurodevelopment assessments, and evaluating their home environment and quality of life. In the event developmental milestones are not met, additional assessments to assess vision and their risk of autism spectrum disorders will be conducted. Finally, a personal environmental exposure model for the full cohort will be created based on air and water quality data, combined with geographical, demographic, and behavioural variables. Conclusions: The PRECISE-DYAD study will provide a greater epidemiological and mechanistic understanding of health and disease pathways in two sub-Saharan African countries, following healthy and complicated pregnancies. We are seeking additional funding to maintain this cohort and to gain an understanding of the effects of pregnancies outcome on longer-term health trajectories in mothers and their children.

Determinant Analysis of Early Neonatal Mortality at the Datu Beru Takengon General Hospital, Central Aceh Regency, in 2022

Background: Attention to efforts to reduce neonatal mortality is important because neonatal mortality contributes to 74% of under-five deaths in Aceh. Of all neonatal mortality, 81% occurred in the 0-6 day age group (early neonates). This study aims to determine the analysis of the determinants of early neonatal mortality at the Datu Beru Takengon General Hospital, Central Aceh Regency.
 Methods: The research design is an observational case-control approach. 84 case subjects and 84 control subjects were included in this study. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate data analysis was performed to determine the determinants of early neonatal mortality, p<0.05.
 Results: Asphyxia increases the risk of premature neonatal mortality by 6.8 times. Low birth weight infants increase the risk of early neonatal by 8.4 times. Prematurity increases the risk of early neonatal mortality by 7.1 times. A parity of more than 3 times increases the risk of early neonatal mortality by 8.9 times, and maternal gestational age of fewer than 20 years increases the occurrence of early neonatal mortality by 14.2 times.
 Conclusion: Asphyxia, low birth weight, prematurity, parity with risk, and a young mother's gestational age are risk factors that contribute to early neonatal mortality.

Body mass index, but not sex, influences exertional heat stroke risk in young healthy men and women.

Exertional heat stroke (EHS) remains a persistent threat for individuals working or playing in the heat, including athletes and military and emergency service personnel. However, influence of biological sex and/or body mass index (BMI) on the risk of EHS remain poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively assess the influence of sex and BMI on risk of EHS in the active-duty US Army. We analyzed data from 2016 to 2021, using a matched case-control approach, where each individual with a diagnosis of EHS was matched to five controls based on calendar time, unit ID, and job category, to capture control individuals who were matched to EHS events by location, time, and activity. We used a multivariate logistic regression model mutually adjusted for sex, BMI, and age to compare 745 (n = 61 F) individuals (26 ± 7 yr) with a diagnosed EHS to 4,290 (n = 384 F) case controls (25 ± 5 yr). Group average BMI were similar: 26.6 ± 3.1 (EHS) and 26.5 ± 3.6 kg/m2 (CON). BMI was significantly (P < 0.0001) associated with higher risk of EHS with a 3% increase in risk of EHS for every unit increase in BMI. Notably, sex was not associated with any difference in risk for EHS (P = 0.54). These data suggest that young healthy people with higher BMI have significantly higher risk of EHS, but, contrary to what some have proposed, this risk was not higher in young women.

Perceived Discrimination Among Adolescents in Ireland.

Adolescents belonging to minority or marginalized groups often experience discrimination, which may negatively affect their mental and physical health. Using the dataset of the 2018 Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) study, we analyzed perceived discrimination based on various grounds in four minority groups of schoolchildren in Ireland: sexual minority youth, youth living with a disability or chronic condition, immigrant youth, and youth belonging to the Traveller community. To minimize the potential confounding effect of psycho-social contextual factors, we used a case-control matching approach, comparing minority groups with their non-minority peers matched by gender, age group, and social class. Minority groups were significantly more likely than their matched non-minority counterparts to report discrimination, not only on the basis of their minority status but also on other grounds. These associations varied in their effect size. We discuss educational and policy implications of the findings for reducing discrimination and structural stigma in school settings.

Smoking as a major risk for heart disease in the covid-19 pandemic: A case-control study

Heart disease, which is on the rise, particularly in developing countries like Indonesia, is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Pandemic COVID-19 should cause concern for those who currently have cardiovascular disease as it may exacerbate their condition. This study aims at investigating how dietary and lifestyle factors influence the prevalence of heart disease during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study is analytical research embracing the case-control approach. There were up to 118 patients with heart disease in the population comprising 30 respondents from the control group and 30 from the case sample. The sample was withdrawn by accidental sampling and interviews. The findings of this study indicated a significant relationship between smoking and heart disease with an OR of 4.929 (p=0.004), suggesting that smokers have a five-fold increased risk of acquiring heart disease when compared to non-smokers. The frequency of heart disease is significantly influenced by the pattern of physical activity (p-value 0.007) and diet (p-value 0.018). Yet, coffee consumption have no significant relationship with the prevalence of heart disease (p-value 0.108 OR 0.419). It is preferable to give up on cigarettes. If quitting proves to be challenging, other options could include progressively lowering intake, engaging in regular exercise and consuming a lot of fruits and vegetables. It is also highly advised to maintain a healthy diet and undergo regular check-ups so that any health issues can be detected early and treated as necessary.

RISK FACTOR OF EXLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING AND INFECTIVE DISEASES ON STUNTING INCINDANCE

Background: Stunting one of the nutritional problems in the children under five wich has an impact on the distruption of children’s growth. The long-term impact will reduce the quality of Indonesian children in the future. Stunting is closed to first 1000 days of life. Many factos influence. Methode: The research method used in this research is observational analytic with case control approach. The sample was using simple random sampling. The number of sampels in the study were the age 6-36 month. 45 as cases and 45tooddler as control. The dependen variable in this study was stunting and the variable was history of exclusive breastfeeding, age of first complementary feeding, incidence of diarrhea and acut respiration disesase infection (ARI),. Collecting data through primary and secondary data. Statistis test by chi square, t-test Independen and regresi logistic Result: The result showed history of exclusive breastfeeding test a value of p=0,010, incidence of diarrhea with a value of p=0,017 and history of ARI disease with a value of p=0,017, it shows that there is a relationship between the incidence of stuntingnin children age 6-36 month. The multivariate analys with logistic regression test result showed that there was the most relationtship with stunting are between a history of exclusive breastfeeding with OR=0.042 history of diarrhea incidence with OR=0.042, history of ARI disease with OR=6.627 and Conclusions: The data on the result of the study showed that a history of exclusive breastfeeding, incidence of diarrhea, history of ARI disease has a significant relation with stunting.. keyword : stunting, exclusive breastfeeding, history of child infection.

Analysis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Incidence in The Community in The Talang Pangeran Health Center Area, West Pemulutan District, Ogan Ilir Regency in 2022

Pulmonary tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the physical condition of the house and the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the working area of the Talang Pangeran Public Health Center, Pemulutan Barat District, Ogan Ilir Regency. This research design uses a case-control approach in determining the sample using a total sampling technique for cases and purposive sampling for controls. The sample number was 96, with 32 cases and 64 control respondents. Based on bivariate using chi-square test. The variables that have a relationship with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in the work area of the Talang Pangeran Public Health Center, Pemulutuan Barat District, Ogan Ilir Regency, are temperature p-Value = 0.004 (OR= 5.073; 95%CI= 1.7-14.8), humidity p-Value = 0.016 (OR= 3.4; 95%CI= 1.3-8.7), lighting p-Value = 0.048 (OR= 4.081; 95%CI= 1.1-15), roof p-Value = 0.016 (OR= 3.182; 95%CI= 1.3-7.7). A variable that has no relationship with the incidence of tuberculosis is the type of wall p-Value = 0.828. The most dominant variable is house temperature. So that the temperature is normal, it is necessary to carry out home improvement interventions by the criteria for a healthy house. By expanding the size of the house, ventilating the house, and planting trees around the house.

Whole exome and targeted sequencing reveal novel mutations associated with inherited PCOS condition in an Indian cohort.

A cohort of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) women presents themselves with persistent abnormal reproductive hormone levels and has a familial representation of characteristics. In our study, we have aimed to identify genetic variants which are inherited across such PCOS families and also validate them among Indian population. Independent discovery was done by whole exome sequencing in a three-generation family (Family P01). Validation was done by targeted sequencing at 30,000x using HaloPlex panel in 9 families (P01-P09). The variants were filtered and reported according to American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines. Mutation burden analysis and in-silico functional analyses were performed. After careful annotation analyses, we report 24 likely pathogenic variants from 21 genes, out of which 8 are novel structural variants, 14 missense variants and 2 intronic variants. Out of these, 3variants from the genes FSHR, SCARB1, and INSR are involved in the ovarian steroidogenesis pathway and 5 variants from genes DFFB, ACTG1, GPX4, CYC1 and ALDOA directly or indirectly trigger the apoptotic pathways. Three ovarian steroidogenesis variants, FSHR, SCARB1 and INSR were screened among Indian women using a case-control approach to validate these variant's pathogenicity in Indian PCOS women. Variants of SCARB1 and INSR were found to be pathogenic to Indian PCOS women, while FSHR variants did not show significant association to PCOS cases.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING, LOW BIRTH WEIGHT, AND FOOD INTAKE WITH STUNTING INCIDENCE IN CHILDREN AGED 24-59 MONTHS

This type of research is quantitative analytic with a case-control approach. This study aimed to determine the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding, low birth weight, and food intake with the incidence of stunting in children aged 24-59 months in the Jambula Care Health Centre Working Area. This research was conducted in the working area of ​​Jambula Health Center with a sample of 60 children aged 24-59 months, consisting of 30 children aged 24 - 59 months (Case) and 30 children aged 24 -59 months (Control). The study's dependent variable was the incidence of stunting in children aged 24-59 months. In contrast, the independent variables were the history of exclusive breastfeeding, the history of LBW, and food intake. The results showed a significant relationship between a history of exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.000), energy intake (p = 0.000), and protein intake (p = 0.045) with the incidence of stunting in children aged 24-59 months in the Jambula Health Center Work Area, while the history of LBW (p = 0. 492) does not have a relationship with the incidence of stunting in children aged 24-59 months in the Jambula Health Center Work Area. It is recommended to mothers and the community to always pay attention to the nutritional intake consumed by children, including exclusive breastfeeding and various nutritious foods. In addition, the active role of Health Workers in Health Service Facilities needs to be increased to prevent and overcome stunting problems in the regions.