The current trend of urban sprawl in major cities is creating conditions for territorial injustice in the distribution of cultural assets. One of the key problems in the modern theater urban development of Moscow is associated with the uneven distribution of theater complexes between the city core and the periphery. The object of the study is the theater as an element of the cultural environment of urban space. The subject of the study is the spatial features of theater placement in the urban structure and its influence on shaping the city's cultural landscape, as well as the spatial evolution of the city itself. The research objective is to establish urban planning correlations between theater location in the city structure and the spatial development of the city through the evolution of theater placement in Moscow from the late 17th to the early 20th century. The research methodology during the historical phase is based on studying bibliographic sources and cartographic analysis. Examination of contemporary issues involved collecting, updating, and visualizing geospatial data on the present urban placement of theaters. The scientific novelty of the study lies in utilizing a spatial approach to examining Moscow's urban cultural environment retrospectively from the late 17th to the early 20th century. This spatial approach enables identifying the correlation between sociocultural phenomena and the structure of Moscow's urban space during this period. The research identified characteristic temporal stages in the evolution of theater placement in Moscow from the late 17th to the early 20th century, coupled with the city's immediate spatial development. The research results can serve as a starting point for developing a comprehensive urban strategy aimed at enhancing the quality of the city's cultural environment through the strategic placement of theater complexes.