Career Decision-making Styles Research Articles

The ripple prediction of ambiguity aversion in career decision-making.

While previous research has supported the role of ambiguity aversion in the career decision-making process, little is known about the relation between ambiguity aversion and the outcomes of career decision-making. Using a sample of U.S. employees (n = 288), the current study examined the prediction of ambiguity aversion for job and life satisfaction and the mediation of these relations through career decision-making style and perceived person-environment fit. The results support a sequential dual mediator model in which ambiguity aversion negatively predicts job and life satisfaction sequentially through a rational decision-making style and perceived person-environment fit. Additionally, the results support a single mediator model in which ambiguity aversion negatively predicts job and life satisfaction only in perceived person-environment fit. Therefore, the current study demonstrates a ripple prediction of managing ambiguity for the distal outcomes of job and life satisfaction and suggests a relational mechanism. The theoretical and practical implications of this study are discussed together with the limitations and suggestions for future research. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

Challenges and difficulties in career decision making: Their causes, and their effects on the process and the decision

Individuals are challenged by increasingly more career transitions in the 21st century. Each of these transitions entails making a career decision, typically by locating promising alternatives, collecting information about them, comparing the alternatives on the short list and choosing one. Finding the areas where individuals are experiencing difficulties in this process is important for helping them and facilitating their career decision making. The goal of the present review is to propose a taxonomy for analyzing, comparing, and classifying assessments of the career decision-making process in terms of three facets: (i) Antecedents – assessments of the challenges that may emerge prior to or during this process and cause difficulties, (ii) Effects of the challenges and difficulties on the process, namely, the individual's behavioral responses, and (iii) Effects on the decision, as reflected in individuals' career decision status and their feelings about the process and the outcome. Based on theoretical considerations and the constructs underlying the assessments, there are three categories of assessments in Antecedents: (1) Readiness includes assessments of dysfunctional beliefs about career decision making, career decision-making self-efficacy, willingness to engage in the process, and career indecisiveness; (2) Orientation includes assessments of career decision-making styles and profiles, ways of coping with career decision-making, and adaptability; and (3) Information includes assessments of difficulties that stem from feelings of Lack of information – about the self, the world of work, and how to make career decisions – or the Use of Information – unreliable information, internal conflicts, and external conflicts. The associations between Antecedents and their Effects on the Process and on the Decision are discussed. The psychometric properties of each assessment were evaluated, using the evidence-based assessment approach of Hunsley and Mash (2008). Inspecting and evaluating of the assessments show that most of them have a well-defined focus and evidence for acceptable reliability, but more evidence is needed for validity. The advantages of unidimensional/multidimensional and homogeneous/heterogeneous assessments are discussed. Ways of incorporating the assessments of the antecedents of career decision-making difficulties effectively into career counseling are suggested, to help career counselors better tailor their interventions to their clients' needs. The proposed categorization can also help researchers locate the most relevant career decision-making process-based assessments and decide how to use them to measure specific constructs.

Charting Your Own Course: Exploring How Values Drive Career Decision-Making

There is a common understanding that personal values play a part in career decision-making. Each of the papers in this symposium investigates the role that values play in different stages of career development. The first paper, by Kathryn Doiron, Ague Mae Manongsong, Wenhao Wang, Briana Pisauro, Kristine Powers, and Pooja Sathyanarayanan, investigates the use of two values-based interventions on the early career exploration of graduate students. The second paper, by Jeffrey Yip, Haoxiong Li, Ellen Ensher, and Susan Murphy, validates a scale for a new typology of career decision-making styles. The third paper, by Christopher Chen, Kathryn Doiron, Elizabeth Kolokowsky, and Brandon Sorenson, asks participants to recall a critical career- decision making incident and reflect on how values and related factors impacted the decision that was made. The final paper, by Molly Maymar, Shelby Kan, and Jake Gittleson, presents findings from a new performance management initiative at Accenture, where personal values and aspirations are used to judge performance. The symposium will conclude with comments by Dr. Douglas. T. Hall, from Boston University, who will use his expertise in careers research to comment across all four papers and facilitate questions from the audience. Value Affirmation and Future Best Self Interventions Impact on Graduate Student Career Exploration Presenter: Kathryn Doiron; Claremont Graduate U. Presenter: Ague Mae Manongsong; Drexel U. Presenter: Wenhao Wang; Claremont Graduate U. Presenter: Briana Pisauro; Claremont Graduate U. Presenter: Kristine Powers; Claremont Graduate U. Presenter: Pooja Sathyanarayanan; Claremont Graduate U. Beyond Logic and Intuition: Validating a Measure of Career Discernment Styles Presenter: Jeffrey Yip; Claremont Graduate U. Presenter: Haoxiong Li; Claremont Graduate U. Presenter: Ellen Ensher; Loyola Marymount U. Presenter: Susan E. Murphy; U. of Edinburgh Rethinking Values and Career Decision-making: Enriching Protean Career Orientation Theory Presenter: Christopher Legion Chen; Claremont Graduate U. Presenter: Kathryn Doiron; Claremont Graduate U. Presenter: Elizabeth Kolokowsky; Claremont Graduate U. Presenter: Brandon Sorenson; Claremont Graduate U. Recognizing the Whole Person: Integrating Work/Life at Accenture Presenter: Molly Maymar; Accenture Presenter: Shelby Kan; Accenture Presenter: Jake Gittleson; Accenture

The Relationship among the Parent-Adolescent Communication Styles, Self-Esteem, Depression and Career Decision-Making Styles Perceived by Middle School and High School Students

The Relationship among the Parent-Adolescent Communication Styles, Self-Esteem, Depression and Career Decision-Making Styles Perceived by Middle School and High School Students

대학생의 의사결정유형과 진로성숙도의 관계 -진로결정 자기효능감의 매개효과를 중심으로-

대학생의 의사결정유형과 진로성숙도의 관계 -진로결정 자기효능감의 매개효과를 중심으로-

간호대학생의 자기효능감, 진로의사결정 유형과 진로결정수준 관계

Purpose The purpose of this study was to contribute to career counseling and career guidance for nursing students by examining students’ career decision-making styles and career decision levels and the relationship between self-efficacy and career decision-making styles and career decision levels. Methods A descriptive survey design was used and data were collected using questionnaires from a sample of 469 nursing students. The data were analyzed using frequencies means, Kruskal-Wallis test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis with SPSS 21.0. Results Career decision level had a significant correlation with self-efficacy and decision-making styles. Self-efficacy (β=.143, p<.001), type of decision-making styles rational type (β=.180, p<.001), intuitive type (β=.137, p<.001), dependent type (β=-.236, p<.001) and sex (β=-.086, p=.023), school grades (β=.086, p=.033), and satisfaction of nursing major (β=.209, p<.001) were significant predictors of career decision level. Conclusion It is necessary to develop effective career support programs according to type of decision-making styles, sex, school grades, motivation to improve nursing students’ self-efficacy and satisfaction in the nursing major. Keywords: Self-efficacy, Career decision making type, Career decision level, Nursing students 주요어: 자기효능감, ì§„ë¡œì˜ì‚¬ê²°ì • ìœ í˜•, ì§„ë¡œê²°ì •ìˆ˜ì¤€, 간호대학생

The differences in self-efficacy in career decision-making and decision-making styles among secondary school students with different patterns of family attachment

The decision on the choice of profession is one of the most important life decisions, which is influenced by many factors. One of them which has a very important role is the family. The aim of this study is to examine whether there are differences in self-efficacy in career decision-making and decision-making styles among secondary school students who have different patterns of family attachment, as well as to determine whether self-efficacy in making career decisions can be predicted on the basis of different decision-making styles. The study included 216 fourth-year secondary school students, 39% of boys and 61% of girls. The questionnaire PAVb, made by Brenen and associates and modified by Kamenov and Jelic, was used for the evaluation of family attachment. Decision-making styles were operationalized through the scale of General Decision Making Styles Questionnaire by Scott and Bruce, while a shortened version of the Career Decision Self-Efficacy Scale, made by Betz et al., was used for measuring self-efficacy in making career decisions. The research results have shown that there are no significant differences in self-efficacy in making career decisions regarding the patterns of family attachment. However, there are significant differences in the styles of decision-making. The rational style is the most dominant among the students who have a secure form of family attachment, the avoidant style is characteristic of those with the occupied form, while the spontaneous style is most commonly used by the students who have the fearful form of family attachment. The results suggest that 31% of the variance of self-efficacy in making career decisions can be explained based on decision-making styles. The rational and intuitive styles of decision-making are positive predictors, while the dependent and avoidant styles are negative predictors of self-efficacy in making career decisions.

Exploring career decision-making styles across three European countries

Career decisions are amongst the most important we make. Unsurprisingly, much published research exists on this particular aspect of career behaviour. However, the overwhelming majority of studies have been carried out on young people making initial career decisions. This paper extends our understanding by examining how mid-career adults in three European countries (Denmark, France and Italy) actually make career decisions. Characteristic patterns of behaviour recur when individuals approach points of transition or of crisis; each of these transitioning styles is illustrated by an iconic case. Emergent findings support the growing body of evidence that challenges the dominant policy and practice orthodoxy, which places rationality at the centre of the process, by recognising the importance of emotion and context.

‘It's Been a Search for What I Wanted to Do’: Mid-Life Reflections on Career Transitions and Lifelong Learning

This Special Issue is compiled of articles that are all based on biographical data collected in a European research project designed, funded and steered by the European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training (Cedefop) and coordinated by the University of Warwick. Under the heading, ‘Learning for Career and Labour Market Transitions – individual biographies’, a group of researchers from Italy, Spain, Denmark, France and Germany collected 25 biographical interviews from mid-career adults in each country. The methodology applied, the recruitment of interviewees, the interviewing strategies and the foci of analysis differed between the countries as a result of varying historical, intellectual and cultural traditions which lead to a rewarding learning process among the researchers. The stories generated rich data which enabled comparisons to take place across the five countries. Overall, the study illuminates individuals' approaches to career transitions under different structural and individual conditions and reveals the complex processes of learning, labour market experiences and working-life transitions. The themes covered in this special issue are based on theoretical lenses, such as the interrelationship of agency and structure, career decision-making styles, the development of career adaptability, and gender, which the researchers in the various country teams used in their data analysis. The interdisciplinary and intercultural approach in this study ensured that the topic of career transitions and lifelong learning would be covered in its complexity within a European framework.

The Mediation Effect of Career Decision-Making Styles in the Relationship between College Students' Trait Anxiety and Career Indecision

The Mediation Effect of Career Decision-Making Styles in the Relationship between College Students' Trait Anxiety and Career Indecision

Character Strengths and Career Development of Academically Gifted Adolescents

The purpose of this study is to examine character strengths in gifted adolescents using the Values in Action (VIA) Inventory of Strengths (Peterson & Seligman, 2004) and to investigate the predictive contribution of strengths (e.g., Wisdom and Knowledge, Courage, Humanity, Justice, Temperance, and Transcendence) to two factors related to students` career development. Character strengths are new and important topics of inquiry in Positive Psychology. The study revealed that mean scores of 24 character strengths of participants (N = 149) are lower than previous studies in different countries. Measurement of VIA-Youth, career decision-making self-efficacy and career decision-making types did vary by gender, GPA, and annual household income. Courage and Transcendence strengths are significantly and positively associated with career decision-making self-efficacy. Students who showed more Wisdom and Knowledge strength reported higher rational career decision-making style and students with more Humanity strength reported higher intuitive career decision-making style. Implications of the major findings and recommendations for future research are discussed.

Research on the actual condition of career decision-making self-efficacy·career decision level and career preparation behavior on Department of Dental Hygiene, K university

진로결정자기효능감, 진로결정수준, 진로준비행동, 치위생학과, 조사Abstract The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of self-efficacy, career decision-making styles, and career decision-making level of the college the department of Dental Hygiene 1,2,3 students. The subjects of this study were 106 university students of the department of Dental Hygiene in K university. The instrument employed were the Career Decision Making Self Efficacy Scale, career decision level, career preparation behavior.The data collected were analyzed using Frequency analysis, t-test, Regression analysis and the pearson correlation of the spss 19.0 version.

대학생의 진로의사결정유형에 따른 진로의식성숙

본 연구의 목적은 대학생들의 진로의사결정유형과 진로의식성숙정도를 파악하고, 진로의사결정유형에 따른 진로의식성숙에서의 차이를 알아봄으로써 진로지도에 도움이 될 수 있는 지침개발의 기초자료로 제공하고자 함이다. 본 연구의 대상은 6개 대학에 재학 중인 대학생 223명이다. 대학생들의 진로의사결정유형에서 합리적 의사결정점수가 가장 높았고, 다음으로 직관적 의사결정, 의존적 의사결정 순으로 나타났다. 진로의식성숙에서 스스로 진로를 정하는 진로독립성, 진로관여성은 높은데 비해 직업선택에 대한 긍정적인 태도나 진로타협성은 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 학년에 따른 진로의식 성숙에서는 2, 3학년에 비해 1, 4학년이 진로결정성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 사회경제적 수준에 따른 진로의식 성숙에서도 상류층은 하류층에 비해 진로결정성이 높았으나 진로독립성은 낮았다. 진로의사결정유형에 따른 진로의식성숙에서는 합리적 의사결정유형집단이 의존적 의사결정유형집단에 비해 진로독립성이 높고 직업 선택의 태도가 긍정적이었다. 본 연구는 대학생의 의사결정유형에 따른 진로의식성숙의 차이를 보여 진로지도에서 의사결정유형의 중요성을 인식시켰으며, 더불어 대학교 취업교육현장에서 진로의식성숙을 함양하기 위한 개입 방안을 모색하는데 도움이 될 것이다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in university student's career maturity according to general characteristics(for example, gender, grade, and SES) and undergraduate student's career decision-making styles. A scale measuring the career decision-making styles(Harren, 1984) and career maturity(Crites, 1978) was administered to 223 university students around the capital city. The data were analyzed using Cronbach's <TEX>${\alpha}$</TEX> tests, means, standard deviations, One-way MANOVAs, and Multiple Discriminant Analyses. The results of this study were as follows: 1. There was not significant difference by gender in career maturity. But there were significant differences by grade and SES in career maturity. Freshmen and Senior exhibited higher career decision-making attitude than sophomores and juniors. High-SES group showed higher career decision-making attitude and lower career independence. 2. There were significant differences by career decision-making styles in career maturity. 51.1% of our samples were rational decision-making styles, 30.0% of our samples were intuitive decision-making styles, and 18.8% of our samples were dependent decision-making styles. Undergraduate students with rational decision-making styles showed more positive career choice behavior and higher career independence than undergraduate students dependent decision-making styles.

부모의 양육태도와 의사소통이 청소년의 진로의사결정유형에 미치는 영향

This study aims to demonstrate what effect of parental Rearing Attitudes and communication on adolescents` Career Decision-making Styles to present mothers` desirable parental Rearing Attitudes and fathers` communication types for reasonable Career Decision-making. As a result, when adolescents perceived mothers` parental Rearing Attitudes negatively, they tended to make dependent decisions. Fathers` open communication had a statistically significant effect on adolescents` reasonable decision while their trouble-type communication had a statistically significant effect on adolescents` dependent decision.

From career decision-making styles to career decision-making profiles: A multidimensional approach

Previous research on individual differences in career decision-making processes has often focused on classifying individuals into a few types of decision-making styles based on the most dominant trait or characteristic of their approach to the decision process (e.g., rational, intuitive, dependent; Harren, 1979). In this research, an alternative approach, which offers a multidimensional profile characterization of individuals’ career decision-making processes based on a simultaneous consideration of 11 dimensions, is presented. Thus, the proposed model refers to career decision-making profiles rather than career decision-making styles. The model, which emerged from a systematic analysis of previous research, was refined on the basis of preliminary empirical tests (five samples, N = 2764) using the Career Decision-Making Profile ( CDMP) questionnaire. Study 1 reports the psychometric properties and the results of an exploratory factor analysis of the CDMP questionnaire, in a sample of young adults deliberating their career decisions ( N = 285). Study 2 presents the results of a confirmatory factor analysis, based on Israeli ( N = 431) and US ( N = 208) samples of young adults. The results of both studies supported the hypothesized 11 dimensions. The implications for future research and for counseling are discussed.

Styles of Career Decision-Making

Distinctive styles of client decision-making have emerged from case study research into the effectiveness of career guidance. This paper explores some findings from the third year of a longitudinal study currently underway in England, which relate to the ways clients approach transitionpoints in their careers and make the decisions that move them on. Data analysis reveals four career decision-making styles: evaluative, strategic, aspirational and opportunistic. Overall, it is evident that the choices and decisions made as individuals progress towards longer-term career destinations are multi-dimensional, complex, sometimes being implemented over an extended time frame and not always rational. For practice, implications of these findings include the need for practitioners to place less emphasis on planning for certainty and more tolerance of undecidedness.

Evaluating DISCOVER's Effectiveness in Enhancing College Students' Social Cognitive Career Development

College students (20 women, 14 men) seeking career counseling services at a university career center participated in this exploratory investigation. A 2 (DISCOVER treatment) × 2 (counseling treatment) research design was used to evaluate the individual and combined effects of DISCOVER (ACT, 1998) and counseling on participants' career decision‐making self‐efficacy and career decision‐making attributional style. Findings revealed a significant effect of the use of DISCOVER on participants' career decision‐making self‐efficacy and their sense of control over the career decision‐making process. Results are discussed regarding the implications for career counseling and ideas for further research in this domain.

Making Career Decisions in a Relational Context

The authors describe the results of a discovery-oriented investigation in which they examined the role of relationships in career decision making. Using the responses of 58 young adults who were asked about their real-life career decision making in the course of the transition from school to work, the authors performed a qualitative analysis that addressed questions about the ways in which others are involved in individual decision making. Their analysis suggested 18 different categories and three overarching themes that show the ways in which others involve themselves (Actions of Others), are invoked by the decider (Recruitment of Others), or are excluded from an individual’s deliberations (Pushing Others Away). Examples of each category and theme are provided. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for existing career decision-making style taxonomies, for counseling practice, and for future research and theory.

Cultural Differences in Career Decision-Making Styles and Self-Efficacy

This study examined the cultural relevance of two important career constructs: career decision-making style and career decision-making self-efficacy. Two distinct cultural groups of college students, Americans (N = 540) and Taiwanese (N = 1026), participated in this cross-cultural study. Results suggested that career decision-making styles have differential impacts on career decision-making self-efficacy, depending on the cultural background of the individuals. Results also showed significant differences in career decision-making style and career decision-making self-efficacy as a function of nationality and gender. Counseling implications and suggestions for future studies are discussed.

Peeling Back the Onion: Personality, Problem Solving, and Career Decision-Making Style Correlates of Career Indecision

A model to predict affective and informational antecedents of career indecision was proposed. The model attempted to explicate paths between personality dispositions, appraisal of problem-solving skills, career decision-making styles, and antecedents of career indecision. Both personality and coping constructs were posited to examine the relative contribution of dispositional and perceived skill variables. Using a college student sample, results from a path analysis indicated that the disposition of neuroticism was a powerful predictor of perceived problem-solving skills, a dependent decision- making style, and both affective and informational antecedents of career indecision. The predicted effects of the coping constructs were of a much smaller magnitude. Directions for future research are discussed and several suggestions for career counseling assessment and intervention selection are made.