Career Counseling Process Research Articles

Doradztwo edukacyjno-zawodowe jako element zwiększania dostępności uczelni wyższych dla studentów z niepełnosprawnościami

Educational and career counselling as part of making universities more accessible to students with disabilities Every individual has a range of choices for their life path. It is largely dependent on family, environment, value system and a very important area for every individual - education. It is education that opens a window onto the world, helps us find our place, achieve success, but above all, education is an opportunity for an equal start in adult life for everyone, regardless of background, wealth or place of residence. This is particularly important in the case of people with disabilities who, as full members of society, constantly have to prove that they have the same rights, that they can and want to fulfil the same responsibilities. However, this is not always possible due to the full accessibility barriers that still exist. These also apply to public buildings and services, including education. Measures taken in recent years have significantly improved architectural and digital accessibility. This is also noticeable in higher education, which is increasingly inclusive. However, this support should be extended to assist students with disabilities in their transition to the labour market, so that the inclusion process also takes place after the end of education. It is the educational and career counselling process that responds to the needs of students with disabilities, where they not only receive support, but also have the opportunity to plan their individual career path according to their predispositions, abilities and limitations. The essence of everyone’s life is to flourish, to have new goals. A vocational counsellor focusing on the desirable aspects of the psychological and social functioning of a student with a disability not only participates in his/her vocational activation, but also levels the playing field on the open labour market.

대학생의 평가염려 완벽주의와 학업지연행동의 관계

Objectives This study was conducted to find out whether university students’ internalized shame mediates the relationship between evaluative concerns perfectionism and academic procrastination, and whether self-en-couragement moderates the mediating effect of internalized shame, the present study analyzed the moderated mediating model.
 Methods To this end, a total of 475 male and female students (male: 118, female: 357) attending four-year uni-versities and community colleges located in G Area were measured in terms of evaluative concerns perfection-ism, internalized shame, academic procrastination, and self-encouragement. Also this study followed the proce-dures proposed by Preacher, Rucker, and Hayes (2007) to sequentially analyze mediation effects, moderation ef-fects, and moderated mediation models.
 Results First, internalized shame was shown to mediate the relationship between evaluative concerns perfec-tionism and academic procrastination. Second, self-encouragement was shown to moderate the relationship be-tween evaluative concerns perfectionism and internalized shame. Third, the relationship between evaluative con-cerns perfectionism and internalized shame was shown to be moderated by self-encouragement and thus the moderated mediating effect of self-encouragement was found.
 Conclusions The present study promotes an integrated understanding of university students’ academic pro-crastination by verifying a comprehensive path where evaluative concerns perfectionism affects academic procrastination. Further, it presents implications for the possibility of positive intervention by identifying the role of self-encouragement as a coping strategy to reduce academic procrastination. This will serve as an important empirical basis to understand and provide effective intervention for the occurrence path of academic pro-crastination in the career and academic counseling process of university students.

Exploring the Need of Career Counselling for Choosing the Career at School Level in Pakistan: Parents and Teachers' Perception

This paper examines the current state of career counselling services in Pakistani schools and explores students' and parents' perceptions of these services. This paper provides an understanding of the challenges and opportunities related to career counselling in schools and recommends strategies to improve the delivery of these services. The paper highlights the limited availability of trained career counsellors in schools, the lack of awareness among students and parents about the benefits of career counselling, and the focus of the academic curriculum on traditional subjects rather than career guidance. The recommendations investing in training career counsellors, establishing dedicated career counselling centres in schools, revising the curriculum to include career guidance, launching awareness campaigns to educate students and parents, and involving parents in the career counselling process. By implementing these recommendations, stakeholders can work together to provide students with the necessary guidance and support to make informed decisions about their future careers and contribute to the country's economic growth and overall well-being.

The Effect of Chinese Coastal Areas Cosmetology Students' Major Selection Motivation on Career Decision Making and Major Satisfaction

Education is very important for cultivating personal ability and humanity, but choosing a major that suits the individual will improve learning ability and point out a specific direction for determining the future. In order to grasp the correlation and influence among Chinese Cosmetology students’ Major Selection Motivation, Career Decision Making and Major Satisfaction, this study used the survey conducted by WeChat and Wenjuanxing program from June 25 to July 25, 2022. A total of 180 copies were used for final analysis. Data analysis was conducted via SPSSWIN 21.0 with frequency analysis and factor analysis to test validity. Reliability was assessed by Cronbach‘s coefficient. Descriptive statistics analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were also conducted. The results of the study were as follows: female (gender), The 19-20 years old (age), higher vocational school (education), 1st grade (grade), skin care (major) . It shows the relationship between Major Selection Motivation, Career Decision Making and major Satisfaction had a positive (+) correlation. It also can be seen that the economic motivation factor of the Major Selection Motivation has a very high effect on the career plan and the career confidence factor of the career decision making . Based on the findings of the study, the personal motivation, economic motivation and social motivation of major selection motivation have a very high effect on all factors. The study found that the economic motivation of major selection motivation has the greatest impact on the career plan factor of career decision making and the social identity factor of major satisfaction. Therefore, cosmetology students recognize the importance of establishing career planning and social awareness in the career guidance and counseling process.

Multimedia use in career counseling: Is it useful?

This study aims to design multimedia materials to be used in career counseling and to test their effects on self-efficacy and learning. Multimedia Learning Theory and Cognitive Load Theory were used in the study as a theoretical framework. The students were provided to recognize their personality traits (interests and abilities) and almost 50 professions in the light of Holland's Theory. 68 eighth graders (34 experimental, 34 control) took part in the study. A statistically significant increase in the career decision-making self-efficacy scores was found for the students in the experimental group who received multimedia training. The material evaluation form revealed that the students in the experimental group found the material useful and effective. The learning test results suggested that the content presented in the materials was learned well. Based on these results; the video materials that allow individuals to get to know themselves and their professions more closely can be used as an effective way in the career counseling process.

Career guidance application: A digital approach to career planning for secondary level students

The growing number of educational options and job opportunities has made career planning increasingly complex and uncertain. To help students navigate these choices, this paper introduces Career Guidance Application (CGA), a tool designed to assist secondary level students (grades 9-12) in selecting their field of study based on their academic and professional interests. CGA provides access to information on subjects that lead to specific career paths, recommended higher education institutions, necessary entrance exams, available aptitude tests, and how to access them. Additionally, it offers a comprehensive career counseling process that includes social, financial, and personal considerations. The implementation of CGA is expected to reduce school and university dropout rates.

Kariyer Yapılandırma Görüşmesi ile Anlam Oluşturma: Bir Vaka Çalışması

This study examined (a) what changes career construction counseling used the Career Construction Interview (CCI), integrated with Interpersonal Process Recall (IPR) brought about on the client (b) how the IPR uncovered insights and unspoken inner experiences during career counseling, and (c) how the CCI prompted the solutions for client’s career problem. The study based on a case study with 24 years-old, the fourth-year student in a private university. Findings revealed that (a) examining role models, early recollections and motto during the CCI uncovered self-awareness and insights about the self, career indecision and motivation needed for the vocational future, (b) the IPR revealed values, the role of significant people on career decision process of the client and the need for approval from them, and (c) the CCI contributed the client’s career decision making process, motivation and taking an action. The study verified the use of the CCI and the IPR in career counseling process, theoretically and brought new, dynamic and meaning making methods to career counseling practices in higher education.

Attending to Clients' Psychological Needs During Career Construction Counseling

Attending to clients' psychological needs during career counseling merits more attention in career theory and practice. We describe how the elaboration of clients' needs during career construction counseling supports clients' problem formulation. After reviewing the literature on the psychology of needs, we present and illustrate an intervention strategy with a case example. Counseling vignettes from the initial counseling task of problem formulation illustrate how to facilitate clients' narrative symbolization of their emotional experiences and associated needs. We explain how this strategy contributes to deepening clients' understanding of their problems and facilitates both the rewriting of a career narrative and the construction of new career plans. Analysis of the possibilities and limits of this practice merits attention in career counseling process research.

Digital storytelling: a tool for life design career intervention

Life design is a postmodern paradigm in career interventions for which technology plays an important role in helping clients in career decision-making process. Accepting the role of technology and information technology in life, this study aims to investigate the effect of digital storytelling on career counseling process with life design paradigm. This is a quasi-experimental study with pretest, posttest, and follow-up with control group. For this purpose, 45 students in Tehran were randomly selected to participate in the labor market entrance course and they were assigned to (i) the digital storytelling (15 students), (ii) the face-to-face storytelling (15 students), and (iii) the control (15 students) groups. The career decision-making and the career decision-making self-efficacy questionnaires were completed in the pretest, the posttest, and the follow-up test. The findings showed that career decision-making and career decision-making self-efficacy of the subjects in the intervention groups increased relative to the control group and the group in which the digital storytelling was used for career interventions obtained higher career decision-making self-efficacy than other groups. According to the findings, it can be said that although no difference exists between students’ use of the digital storytelling and the face-to-face storytelling, the use of the digital storytelling results in higher career decision-making self-efficacy of students.

A Meta-Analytic Investigation of the Association Between Working Alliance and Outcomes of Individual Career Counseling

This article reports on the results of the first meta-analysis of the association between working alliance and outcomes of individual career counseling. This random-effects meta-analysis included 18 published and unpublished studies that produced a weighted mean effect size of r = .42. This effect size was heterogeneous across studies. Separate meta-analyses were conducted for several types of outcomes: Career outcomes, mental health outcomes, and client-perceived quality of the intervention. Average effect sizes for the association between working alliance and types of outcomes were .28, .18 and .62, respectively. Moderator analyses indicated that the overall mean effect size ( r =.42) varied in a large proportion as a function of the type of outcomes and the time of assessment of working alliance (first session, mid or at termination of the counseling service). Our results confirm that working alliance is associated to career counseling effectiveness and suggest that career counselors should emphasize on the working alliance during the career counseling process. In conclusion, this article provides suggestions for practice in individual career counseling and avenues of research on working alliance in this context.

Turning lack of motivation into a resource for the career counseling process

Les individus qui font appel aux services de conseil en orientation ne sont pas toujours intrinsequement motives a effectuer ou a concretiser un choix professionnel, ce qui peut entraver le bon deroulement des demarches entreprises. Ce faisant, cet article illustre comment le modele de la motivation de M. E. Ford peut etre utilise au sein d’une seance de consultation pour comprendre l’origine d’un manque de motivation et adapter le processus de conseil en consequence. Des pistes pratiques, issues de la recherche scientifique, sont proposees pour repondre de maniere ciblee et efficiente a chacune de ces causes possibles.

Integrating discursive validation in career counselling: an emancipatory strategy to foster decent working trajectories and social justice

ABSTRACT Social and political commitment has a key role in the career counselling process, but it has not advanced with practical proposals so far. Through multiple case studies, this paper aims to propose discursive validation as an intermediate strategy for career counselling to foster narrative changes and social repositioning. Based on the Innovative Moments Coding System (IMCS), the effectiveness of discursive validation was assessed by the analysis of changes in the clients’ personal narrative. The findings demonstrated emergence of innovative moments in the clients’ narratives and social repositioning. The limitations and potentialities of the proposed model are also discussed.

The Language Style of Prospective Counselors in Islamic Perspectives: Implications for Career Counseling

<p class="06IsiAbstrak"><span>Cultural diversity, especially language style becomes a color in everyday social life, this is important considering the exchange of knowledge (transfer of knowledge) and values (transfer of values) of each individual depends on the verbal ability of humans in explaining everything that is experienced. The main issue that has become an obstacle in the world of Guidance and Counseling to this day is the demand for Counselor performance which must be improved but not accompanied by the ability to use language properly and correctly. The purpose of this study is to determine the language style of prospective counselors in the IKIP Siliwangi environment, West Java</span><span lang="IN">. An ethnographic study was chosen as a research model that aims to describe the language style of counselors in the Islamic perspective and their implications in career counseling. The data analysis technique used is thematic ethnography to thoroughly describe the language style of prospective counselors in an Islamic perspective that influences their application in the career counseling process. Based on the results of observes conducted, the authors found several findings including research subjects preferring the use of socially-formed language and applying it in daily life including in the learning process rather than considering it in an Islamic perspective such as (1) <em>Tauqiify</em>, (2) <em>Ishtilah</em>, (3) <em>tauqiify</em> and <em>ishtilahy</em>.</span></p>

Career Counseling Process Quality Promotes Reemployment

One-on-one career counseling has been established as the most effective type of career intervention. Prior research results have suggested that process quality determines counseling success. In this multilevel study, career counseling process quality is validated as a predictor of job seekers’ reemployment at three Swiss job centers. Supervisors’ evaluations of the process quality of mandatory counseling sessions predicted faster reemployment of the 444 counseled job seekers by 18.9 working days on average. This effect equals yearly savings of 418 million Swiss Francs CHF (US$ 422 million) in Swiss unemployment benefits. While in many countries, the counseling of the unemployed is predominantly an administrative process, the findings should encourage investments in process quality of career counseling to promote reemployment. Furthermore, the study calls for further research on the underlying factors of career counseling process quality and the respective career counselor behaviors.

The Effect of Career Counselor Behavior on Reemployment

When looking at career interventions, one-on-one career counseling is one of the most effective and firmly established types of intervention. Furthermore, career counseling process quality has been validated as a predictor of job seekers’ reemployment. To elucidate the underlying components of a high-quality counseling process, the effects of counselor behavior in mandatory counseling sessions at three Swiss job centers are investigated. Based on a transfer of psychotherapeutic effectiveness research into the domain of career counseling, three behavior categories are proposed as components of a high-quality counseling process: providing structured guidance during the counseling process, providing personalized support, and activating job seekers’ resources. Scientific observers rated these counselor behavior categories in 32 counseling sessions. The ratings of “providing structured guidance” predicted job seekers’ reemployment speed at a correlation of .58. The measured effect equals yearly savings of 831 million Swiss Francs CHF (US$839) in Swiss unemployment benefits. The correlations with the other two behavior category ratings were in the same direction but nonsignificant.

The Career Decision‐Making Difficulties Questionnaire: A Case for Item‐Level Interpretation

The Career Decision‐Making Difficulties Questionnaire (CDDQ; Gati, Krausz, & Osipow, 1996) has long been demonstrated as a useful instrument for career counseling practice. Several case studies have demonstrated how and why using the CDDQ facilitates the career counseling process (e.g., Amir, Gati, & Kleiman, 2008; Gati & Levin, 2014; Levin & Gati, 2014). This study explores how an in‐depth analysis of a case study conducted at the item level can provide career counselors with a richer understanding of their clients’ needs. The case study also emphasizes how administering and providing feedback on the CDDQ in career counseling sessions is likely to foster working alliances. The study concludes by presenting an intervention map based on the CDDQ taxonomy.

Creative Use of the Career Construction Interview

Designed as part of an individual career construction and life design counseling intervention, the Career Construction Interview (CCI) and My Career Story (MCS) workbook aid career counselors and other career service providers in helping clients construct, deconstruct, and reauthor their career stories. Recently, some career counselors have developed ways of using the CCI and the MCS in group settings. In this article, the author offers 3 additional ways to use the CCI and, thereby, add creativity to the career counseling process. These 3 ways include use of written exercises, career collages, and career portfolios. The article concludes with a call for career practitioners to continue to think creatively in using the CCI with clients.

Career Counseling Interviewing: ThemeMapping a Client’s Story

Often, practitioners are reluctant to utilize client narratives due to a lack of training in detailed application concerning story construction and reconstruction and fear of moving into psychotherapy instead of career guidance or counselling (Lengelle & Meijers, 2012; Reid & West, 2011). In this article, wepresent a working process for organizing, mapping, and building viable co-constructions with clients.We offer theming strategies, schemes, and categories that practitioners can use during the career counselling process to help clients in gaining movement in their career trajectories.

Career Counseling Interviewing: ThemeMapping a Client’s Story

Often, practitioners are reluctant to utilize client narratives due to a lack of training in detailed application concerning story construction and reconstruction and fear of moving into psychotherapy instead of career guidance or counselling (Lengelle & Meijers, 2012; Reid & West, 2011). In this article, wepresent a working process for organizing, mapping, and building viable co-constructions with clients.We offer theming strategies, schemes, and categories that practitioners can use during the career counselling process to help clients in gaining movement in their career trajectories.

Building a solution-focused career counselling strategy for career indecision

The literature contains quite a few theoretical and case study articles with respect to the development and use of solution-focused brief therapy. However, very few of these studies focus on the effects of using solution-focused therapy principles and techniques in career counselling. This study is aimed to examine the effect of a five-session solution-focused brief career counselling on reducing a university student’s career indecision. A university student who had a career indecision problem participated in the research. The career counselling process was assessed by using pre- to post-test result changes of the counselee. In order to measure the career indecision level of the counselee, Career Decision-Making Difficulties Questionnaire was used. The Career Decision-Making Difficulties Questionnaire was administrated before the beginning of the first session and after the termination session as a pre- and post-test. At the end of the five-session solution-focused brief career counselling process, the results demonstrated that the client’s career decision-making difficulty level was reduced. The findings of the study were discussed based on the results of the research in the relevant literature.