Active Career Research Articles

Motivational Conflict and Volitional Career Actions in Young Adults: Ego Depletion as an Explanatory Mechanism

We assessed the underlying mechanisms through which career motivational conflict was related to career volitional action in young adults. We tested a model in which career motivational conflict (parent-child career incongruence and career goal progress discrepancy) was related to reduced career volitional actions (career decision self-efficacy and career engagement) via self-regulatory failure (ego depletion in reference to talking to parents about their careers or thinking about their careers). Participants were 260 young adults (75.8% female; M age = 19.89 years) enrolled at a large, multi-campus university in South-East Queensland, Australia. We confirmed greater career-related motivational conflict, in both forms, was associated with lower volitional actions. Furthermore, self-referenced depletion explained the relationships between career goal progress discrepancy and poorer career decision self-efficacy and less career engagement. These findings have implications for how counsellors might assist young people to improve their career volitional actions by reducing the effects of career motivational conflict.

Technological transformation and human resource development of early career talent: Insights from accounting, banking, and finance

AbstractThis paper provides insights into the opportunities and risks that the technological transformation of Human Resource Development (HRD) presents in the context of early career talent in the accounting, banking, and finance sector. Three research questions are explored. (1) What opportunities exist for organizations investing in technology as a talent management strategy for recruiting early career talent? (2) What are the risks or threats to organizations from investing in technology as a strategy for recruiting early career talent? (3) What role do meso‐level actors play in recruiting early career talent? More specifically, to what extent do the views of graduate recruiters and career advisors as agents of organizations and higher education institutions align or diverge? Thirty‐six semi‐structured interviews were conducted with graduate recruiters and career advisors. Thematic analysis was subsequently applied, identifying three themes (i) employer branding, (ii) virtual recruitment, and (iii) diversity and social inclusion agendas, each presented opportunities and risks. The theoretical contribution comes from advancing career ecosystems and the new psychological contract as a theoretical framework by focusing on technological transformation and capturing the dyadic relationship between the meso‐level actors. Our paper integrates three topic clusters of HRD interventions and outcomes, national HRD, and career development, while manifesting the role and importance of under‐represented career actors. Practical implications aim to help shape talent management strategies for recruiting early career talent. Capturing the views of career advisors in this study can help organizations identify blind spots and inform policy.

Analyzing Factors Influencing College Athletes’ Career Actions Using Social Cognitive Career Self-Management Model

This study examines the career actions of college athletes and factors influencing the process by integrating the concept of goal setting in a social cognitive career self-management model. The author used a questionnaire survey to collect data. In total, 675 valid questionnaires were returned. The data obtained were statistically analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results show that our career action model for college athletes has an acceptable fit with the sample data. The results reveal that career self-efficacy, outcome expectations, career goals, career barriers, and goal adjustment are keys in college athletes’ career actions. The findings can serve as a reference to develop career counseling strategies for college athletes. This study not only expands the scope of research on career development counseling for athletes, but also increases the applicability and explanatory power of CSM theory.

Academic independent directors in China: factors influencing career decision-making

PurposeThe board independence norm has shaped corporate governance globally, but research on the supply of independent directors (IDs) is limited. “New careers” studies suggest that dynamic non-conventional career paths are evolving, but empirical evidence is mostly limited to Western societies. The authors studied reasons for academics to consider taking on an ID role in firms in China.Design/methodology/approachEmploying a quantitative methodology, data were collected via a survey targeting 1,500 academics, representing a quarter of business-linked academics in China's National Key Universities. The response rate was 55% and, after eliminating irrelevant responses, the sample used comprised 581 academics, 111 of whom have taken on an ID role.FindingsCareer orientation and work attitudes play significant roles in decision-making around career success. Becoming an ID can be a rewarding and positive career path for academics who look for additional responsibility, income and impact. This new academic career path manifests in how career actors interact with each other to reach a state of equilibrium in a wider career ecosystem. Appointing academics with relevant knowledge and willingness to create impact can help organisations – both firms and academic institutions.Practical implicationsBecoming an ID can increase future collaborations and success in terms of research and corporate governance, and offer individuals another route to career success.Originality/valueThe results contribute to research on career studies and corporate governance, revealing a new source of talent for firms and a new career path for academics.

A Case Study of Creative and Convergence Approach Arts-oriented Liberal Arts Curriculum Management Based on the Need for University Education Innovation

In overcoming the structural limitations of university education in the market economy system, this study was required to improve liberal arts education through the design and operation of an art-oriented liberal arts curriculum with a creative and convergent approach. To this end, first, the basis and examples of the need to improve university liberal arts education were examined through prior research on how the liberal arts curriculum system should be implemented to change the paradigm of university education in the digital era. As a methodical alternative to this, a case of curriculum operation was presented as an integrated or comprehensive learning practice to cultivate students' future design and necessary competencies through the design of an art-oriented liberal arts curriculum with a creative and convergent approach. The case of creative and convergent approach ‘Arts and Culture Planning’ liberal arts curriculum design and curriculum operation provides improvement measures through the application of customized teaching methods to foster students' actual career choices and era-required creative and convergence skills amid the current population decline and changes in the social environment after COVID-19.</br>The results of this study suggest that art-oriented liberal arts courses can play a role in opening possibilities for students when it comes to their career development in a way linked to their major. Such courses can also cultivate their aesthetic sensibility, appreciation for culture, and planning capabilities demanded by the times.

Research on the Intelligent Career Framework: Where We Are and Where We Go from Here

The intelligent career framework emerged more than two decades ago when careers began to shift from long-term and secure to temporary and uncertain. Based on this framework, in taking career ownership, individuals develop knowing-why, knowing-how, and knowing-whom competencies that transcend any single employer. We synthesize previous research on this framework and develop a process model that unpacks how career actors make sense of the three ways of knowing in encountering career events and under the influence of situational factors. It also demonstrates the accumulation of the three ways of knowing through the links among them, based on which individuals enact and achieve sensemaking outcomes. Our review suggests directions for future research and has practical implications for career actors and organizations.

Macro Factors and Career Success: A Systematic Review and Future Research Agenda

While many review and meta-analysis studies have integrated the micro factors and organisational factors associated with career succss, studies investigating the role of macro factors in career success are yet to be reviewed. This paper presents a systematic review of fifty-eight studies that examine the links between macro factors and career success published from 1970 to 2021. Our review presents seven macro factors associated with career success; these are national culture, region, national economy, national labour market, national education system, national welfare regime, and historical events. Furthermore, adopting a career ecosystem theoretical framework, we develop an integrative model that identifies three pathways – predicting, moderating, and shaping – underlying the relationship between macro factors and career success. On the basis of these findings, our review offers implications for policymakers, multinational companies, and general career actors. We also propose a future research agenda.

The Influence of Role Modeling and Mentorship on Primary Care Career Choice: What Can Be Gleaned From 30 Years of Research?

Role modeling and mentoring are key aspects of identity formation in medical school and likely influence student specialty choice. No reviews have examined the ways that mentorship relationships impact primary care career choice. We conducted a systematic literature search to identify articles describing the influence of role models and mentorship on primary care interest, intention, or choice. A content analysis of the included articles determined which articles focused on mentorship versus role modeling and the definitions of each. We coded articles as groundwork, effectiveness, or impact depending on the methodology and outcomes of each study. Searches yielded 362 articles, of which 30 met inclusion criteria. Three offered definitions of role modeling, and one compared and contrasted definitions of mentoring; 17 articles laid groundwork that indicated that role modeling and mentorship are important factors in career choice and specifically in primary care. Thirteen articles reported the effectiveness and impact of role modeling and mentoring in influencing intent to enter primary care or actual career choice. Primary care and non-primary care physicians influenced student interest, intent, and choice of primary care careers; this influence could be positive or negative. Role modeling and mentorship influence primary care career choice. Very few articles defined the studied relationships. More work on the impact of mentorship and role modeling on career choice is needed.

Clifford Gleason: The Promise of Paint by Roger Hull

Reviewed by: Clifford Gleason: The Promise of Paint by Roger Hull Bruce Guenther CLIFFORD GLEASON: THE PROMISE OF PAINT by Roger Hull Hallie Ford Museum of Art, Salem, Oregon, 2020. Illustrations, photographs, index. 96 pages. $24.95 cloth. Once again Roger Hull and the Hallie Ford Museum of Art have published an essential building block for constructing a more complete and comprehensive history of visual arts in Oregon during the modern period. Attractively designed to privilege the artworks, Clifford Gleason: The Promise of Paint was published in conjunction with an exhibition at the museum of the artist's paintings and drawings, and it provides the first scholarly, researched biography and exhibition history of the artist in print. This beautiful book succeeds in documenting the trajectory of Gleason's artistic evolution from precocious student to committed professional artist. It also identifies the individuals and institutions who assisted and validated his considerable talent and illuminates some of the artist's financial and emotional struggles, including the impact on Gleason of the period's society-wide persecution of homosexuals. Considered an "artist's artist" for his independent aesthetic and painterly prowess, Oregon-born Clifford Gleason (1913–1978) was a life-long resident whose forty-year painting [End Page 220] career evolved from European modernism to a highly personal American abstract expressionism in the solitude of his successive studio situations in Salem and Portland; that evolution is handsomely evident in the volume's elegantly reproduced and sequenced artworks. Gleason earned early institutional support for his work from the Portland Art Museum and enjoyed successive representation throughout his career in the regional commercial galleries of the period. Hull gives graceful shape to the family and community the artist grew up in and to Gleason's early discovery of his life's passion in painting. The clearly written text illuminates the artist's development decade to decade, marching along without needlessly encumbering arcane art language, and is accompanied by wellselected historical photographs, paintings, and the commentary of Gleason's friends, patrons, and associates. Hull's skill in creating a portrait of the artist is grounded in deep research into public and private archives and the use of previously unpublished material, including a host of fresh interviews of surviving individuals who knew the artist in varied circumstances. One regrets that the fine Sources and Resources chapter does not include a traditional exhibition history that organizes a chronological summary of the artist's public and commercial exhibitions cited in the research notes. A concise exhibition history, preliminary as the reconstruction may be, would be another tool in understanding this neglected artist's actual career path. Similarly, given the rich discussion of the paintings, this reader notes that the discussions of Gleason's personal life — homosexuality and alcohol — are flawed by quotes from archival materials and interviews that reveal the heteronormative assumptions and anti-homosexual biases of the day. Unacknowledged and unchallenged, these sources distort and weaken the portrait drawn of the artist. It will be up to another generation of scholars to take on the untangling of those prejudices, evident even among Gleason's closest advocates, to bring forward a more balanced, fulsome understanding of the man, his life, and his important contribution to the art of Oregon. Bruce Guenther Portland, Oregon Copyright © 2022 Oregon Historical Society

Christian Bruhn (1868–1942) – ein unpromovierter Zahnarzt als Gründer der ersten deutschen Kieferklinik

Christian Bruhn founded the first maxillofacial clinic on German soil. In addition, he became the first full professor in this field in Düsseldorf—although he was neither a licensed physician nor did he have a doctorate or habilitation. But how can this striking discrepancy between his formal qualifications and his actual career be explained? To what extent can Bruhn be considered the doyen of maxillofacial surgery despite his purely dental training? And how did he behave politically in the Third Reich? The present article provides answers to these questions. The central sources are contemporary archival documents and printed writings. The analysis shows that Bruhn experienced an unsteady and difficult youth as an orphan. He developed into a socially maladjusted but eminently assertive advocate of his convictions and interests. As a scientist, he made contributions to “surgical” maxillofacial orthopedics and prosthetics. Even more significant, however, was his impact on professional policy: despite continued resistance, he achieved the affiliation of his clinic to the Düsseldorf Medical Academy. In addition, he led August Lindemann, the first maxillofacial surgeon in Germany, to a habilitation in maxillofacial surgery. Against the background of these achievements and accomplishments, Bruhn is to be regarded as a pioneer of today’s maxillofacial surgery—irrespective of his formally limited qualifications. In political terms, Bruhn belonged to those specialists who kept their distance from National Socialism. There is no evidence of his membership in Nazi organizations or political activities.

КАР'ЄРНІ ОРІЄНТАЦІЇ ІНОЗЕМНИХ СТУДЕНТІВ У КОНТЕКСТІ ЗМІН НА СУЧАСНОМУ РИНКУ ПРАЦІ

The article presents a theoretical analysis of scientific articles devoted to the study of career orientations of students in different countries of the world (Ukraine, Bulgaria, the Netherlands, Qatar, Colombia) over the past three years. The author uses general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis and generalization of published materials of the studied phenomenon, which made it possible to characterize the general trends of career orientations of modern youth in different countries of the world. Prognostic analysis - to identify ways of researching the career orientations of foreign students in the conditions of transformation of the labor market. It is assumed that the transformational changes in the labor market caused by the pandemic influenced the nature of students' career orientations. In particular, fierce competition on the market and the demand for talented personnel among employers should encourage students to acquire knowledge and competencies that would provide them with the opportunity to build a competitive career. It was revealed that there is a gap between the market requirements and the actual career orientations of students, who strive more for stability, security and autonomy than for obtaining the necessary competencies; career orientations are consumerist, which take precedence over educational benefits; they are "blurry" and "unformed"; making career decisions depends on the characteristics of national economies and the prestige of university diplomas; there is no interdependence between students' career orientations and academic performance, rather motivation for achievement affects career and personal growth. Informed career planning is possible thanks to the university's career coaching practices. Formation of career management skills in students can help to practice with various career-related problems, stimulate successful learning and involvement in the educational process. Foreign students at Ukrainian universities are no exception.

麗末鮮初 品官層의 정리와 재편: 과전법상 田地 분급과 侍衛 의무를 중심으로

Pumgwan , originally a general term for government officials, came to signify officials who did not have actual duties to perform in spite of holding office in the late Goryeo dynasty. The number of officials without actual duties increased because the number of honorary posts was too numerous. In local provinces, there were mainly two types of Pumgwan . Pumgwan (A) were actually former officials, and Pumgwan (B) were local functionaries who received honorary posts. The late Koryo government consistently tried to separate Pumgwan (A) and Pumgwan (B).<BR> The Gwajeon Act in 1391 mediated the loyalty between the king and his subjects through land allotment. In return for the lands, incumbent officials served in government posts, and former officials guarded the royal family. According to the Gwajeon Act, officials living in the capital received Gwajeon, and officials living in the local provinces only received a small Gunjeon. This act led many officials to come to the capital. However, officials without actual career could not receive lands, even if they went to the capital to apply for land. Therefore, Pumgwan (A) were more likely to go to the capital, and Pumgwan (B) were more likely to stay in the provinces. In this way, the government hierarchically reorganized the Pumgwan class in the late Goreyo and early Joseon period.

Exploring careers through a qualitative lens: an investigation and invitation

PurposeIn this paper, the authors investigate and celebrate the contributions that qualitative research has made to Career Development International (CDI) and careers scholarship over the past 25 years. The authors highlight the positive impact of understanding the “lived/emic experiences” of individual career actors using qualitative research designs and identify areas for future research.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employ multiple approaches in their investigation. The authors’ enquiry is part conceptual, part critical analysis and part bibliometric visualisation of qualitative papers published in CDI.FindingsThe authors identify the underlying ontological and epistemological assumptions of qualitative research, and the key tenets and contributions of qualitative research published in CDI. Their bibliometric analysis shows the interrelatedness and frequency of topics addressed by qualitative research and published in CDI, revealing areas for further research. While identifying some of the key criteria for rigor in qualitative research, the authors also engage with emerging calls to avoid rigid templates in how qualitative research is designed and implemented. In this regard, authors echo calls for “methodological bricolage” as an approach to qualitative research in the study of careers.Originality/valueThis is the first bibliographic and visual analysis of qualitative research published in a single journal. The authors offer this investigation as a way of looking back and as an invitation looking forward, encouraging further qualitative research in anticipation of future theoretical developments in career scholarship.

The Changing Landscape of Doctoral Education in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics: PhD Students, Faculty Advisors, and Preferences for Varied Career Options.

The landscape of graduate science education is changing as efforts to diversify the professoriate have increased because academic faculty jobs at universities have grown scarce and more competitive. With this context as a backdrop, the present research examines the perceptions and career goals of advisors and advisees through surveys of PhD students (Study 1, N = 195) and faculty mentors (Study 2, N = 272) in science, technology, engineering, and math disciplines. Study 1 examined actual preferences and career goals of PhD students among three options: research careers, teaching careers, and non-academic careers in industry, and compared the actual preferences of students with what they perceived as being the normative preferences of faculty. Overall, students had mixed preferences but perceived that their advisors had a strong normative preference for research careers for them. Moreover, students who ranked research positions as most desirable felt the most belonging in their academic departments. Further analyses revealed no differences in career preferences as a function of underrepresented minority (URM) student status or first-generation (FG) status, but URM and FG students felt less belonging in their academic departments. Study 2 examined faculty preferences for different careers for their advisees, both in general and for current students in particular. While faculty advisors preferred students to go into research in general, when focusing on specific students, they saw their preferences as being closely aligned with the career preference of each PhD student. Faculty advisors did not perceive any difference in belonging between their students as a function of their URM status. Discrepancies between student and faculty perceptions may occur, in part, because faculty and students do not engage in sufficient discussions about the wider range of career options beyond academic research. Supporting this possibility, PhD students and faculty advisors reported feeling more comfortable discussing research careers with each other than either non-academic industry positions or teaching positions. Discussion centers on the implications of these findings for interpersonal and institutional efforts to foster diversity in the professoriate and to create open communication about career development.

How wide is the gap? Comparing geography graduates’ labor market success with that of peers from business and computer science

ABSTRACT With growing numbers of university graduates, the choice of academic programs has gained in importance to enter the labor market successfully. Simultaneously, the link between the field of study and actual professional career is becoming increasingly blurry. This paper aims to contribute to a better understanding of these relations and to position geography in this wide spectrum. We develop a conceptual framework to systematically categorize the relations between academic programs and their associated labor markets. We employ this framework in a most-different-case design to quantitatively analyze the influence of the field on the graduates’ career prospects, using student records of several German universities linked with administrative biographical data from social security records. We find evidence that the influence of the field of study on full-time employment and wage is substantial, controlling for various factors. Geographers do face difficulties on the labor market, but the demand for their core competencies – interdisciplinary, spatially specific and sustainability-related thinking – is rising through current societal developments. Moreover, we find some indication that those performance gaps are not an exceptional phenomenon of geographers but also apply to graduates of different fields of study with multidimensional and indirect links to the associated labor markets.

Career regret and career sacrifice: the less examined yet ever-present career experiences

This symposium explores career regret and career sacrifice – phenomena experienced by many individuals throughout the course of their working lives. Career regret is the feeling of wishing to undo a past decision made in one’s career, whereas career sacrifice involves a decision to give something up in one’s career. These related career experiences have both been relatively under-explored in the field of careers and organisational behaviour (Byington, Felps and Baruch, 2019). However, their prevalence and their potential to impact on the careers and well-being of career actors, especially in the current turbulent climate, calls for a better understanding of these phenomena. Scholars in this symposium have been united in their motivation to further understand these phenomena and their individual and organisational consequences The Remains of the Day: Dealing with Regret in Later Career Presenter: John Blenkinsopp; Newcastle Business School, Northumbria U. Presenter: Shuo Wang; Newcastle Business School, Northumbria U. Presenter: Olaolu Eniola; Newcastle Business School, Northumbria U. Regret’s consequences: The performance of Regret Workers Presenter: Alexandra Budjanovcanin; King's College London Presenter: Chris Woodrow; Henley Business School, U. of Reading Higher role performance… but higher partner self-sacrifice too. Does worker self-sacrifice pay off? Presenter: Michael Clinton; King's College London Unpacking career sacrifice: From prosocial benefits to regret Presenter: Jelena Zikic; York U. Presenter: Soodabeh Mansoori; York U., Toronto

RETENTION OF IDENTIFIED PROFESSIONALS AS POTENTIAL SUCCESSORS

The implementation of the succession process as a strategy of mapping, development and retention of talent is gaining space in organizations. This article aimed to verify whether organizations have a structured process for retaining professionals identified as potential successors and whether there is differentiation according to the level of maturity of the succession process. A sample of companies seeking to differentiate themselves in terms of people management, consisting of 396 companies, was analyzed. For analysis, the Phi coefficient was used, and the survey results showed that a small number of organizations have a process of retaining professionals identified as potential successors, and that organizations that are more mature with respect to their succession process are more likely to work on retaining their talents in a structured manner, and the aspects that lead to most voluntary dismissals of professionals in the organizations surveyed are linked to compensation, career and development actions.

The role of schools during practicum in adapting to Vietnamese education innovation

School is a crucial component in teacher training. Schools are also the places where pre – service teachers practice manipulations, career actions, capacity development and career sentiments. The innovation of Vietnamese general education from content to competency approach has led to many changes in the schools, thereby requiring teacher training to be linked to educational practices in every school. The schools have just played the role of a unit that evaluates and tests the training quality of the pedagogical universities, and at the same time provides practical educational knowledge and educational innovation to supplement the theoretical knowledge in school offenses. This research aims at determining the role of schools during training pre – service teachers in Vietnam. Data was collected through questionnaires involving 390 participants comprising student teachers, lecturers from pedagogy universities and mentors of schools in Vietnam. The results showed that, in Vietnam, schools are lacking initiative in coordinating with teacher training institutions. The role of schools is still limited; the schools need to promote the initiative and be more active in the relationship with pedagogical universities so that the effectiveness of teacher training is the highest, adapting to the innovations of current Vietnam education.&#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords: practicum, role of schools, mentor, student teachers, pre-service teacher, teacher preparation

Newcomers, Migrants, Surgeons: Making Career in the Amsterdam Surgeons’ Guild of the Eighteenth Century

Like many modern organizations, the Amsterdam Surgeons’ Guild recruited its members during the eighteenth century from the ranks of locally born citizens as well as migrants. But how a surgeon’s migration status impacted his chances of being admitted by, and making a career within, the Surgeons’ Guild, remains a mystery. This article analyses enrolment lists of apprentices, journeymen, and master surgeons in order to find out how a surgeon’s birth-place influenced his chances of a career within the Amsterdam Surgeons’ Guild. By looking at the guild’s official stance towards newcomers, and pairing this with the actual career paths of migrants within the Amsterdam Surgeons’ Guild, this article demonstrates that migrants could be retained for the guild if they received their apprenticeship training in Amsterdam. In other words, it was not so much origin, but rather the geography of education and work that shaped careers. These results reveal mechanisms of integration that can be generalised to cases outside the Amsterdam Surgeons’ Guild.

Mapping human resource development: Visualizing the past, bridging the gaps, and moving toward the future

AbstractUsing topic mapping techniques, we provide a review of the 3,236 articles published in the five premier HRD journals between 1990 and 2019. We map the key terms evidencing the emergence of five major topic clusters within HRD scholarship: nature and identity of HRD, HRD interventions and outcomes, national HRD, career development, and HRD in academia. Nature and identity of HRD depicts a movement from establishing foundations to expanding horizons. HRD interventions and outcomes reflects a spectrum of research interests from exploring processes to examining desired outcomes. National HRD shows that research topics are increasingly moving toward international and global settings. Career development demonstrates a shift from emphasizing organizational careers to advocating for under‐represented career actors. HRD in academia encompasses topics related to educating HRD professionals and supporting professional development in other fields. We provide a synthesis of the clusters, create a taxonomy of topic areas, and identify the mature, nascent, trending, and growing concepts in HRD. In doing so, our paper provides an overview of where we are in HRD scholarship. We then suggest collaborative, competitive, and configurational boundary work as strategies that HRD scholars can use purposefully to influence future HRD research directions. Our findings inform HRD researchers and can guide interested practitioners in their search for actionable knowledge in HRD.