Care Hospital In Tamil Nadu Research Articles

A study to compare the prevalence of posterior capsular opacity between patients implanted with hydrophobic acrylic intra ocular lens (IOL) versus hydrophilic acrylic intra ocular lens (IOL) in the diabetic and non-diabetic group following cataract surgery: A hospital based prospective study

: To study and compare the prevalence of posterior capsular opacity between patients implanted with hydrophobic acrylic IOL versus hydrophilic acrylic IOL in the diabetic and non diabetic group following cataract surgery. All patients with senile cataracts, whether they had diabetes or not, who visited a tertiary care hospital in Tamil Nadu between 2020 and 2022 were enrolled in this study after signing a written consent form. In this study, 200 patients underwent screening and were split into 4 equal groups.The PCO observation of patients in all 4 groups in the current study showed that Groups 3 and 4 with hydrophilic IOL found higher incidences of PCO than Groups 1 and 2 with hydrophobic IOL. In our study, more PCO was reported with hydrophilic IOL with known (Group 3) and unknown (Group 4) cases of diabetes. Regardless of the patient's level of diabetes during the course of a year-long follow-up, hydrophobic acrylic IOLs showed a greater decrease in PCO rates than hydrophilic acrylic IOLs.

Histopathology of gallbladder in gallstone disease at a tertiary care hospital in Tamil Nadu

Histopathology of gallbladder in gallstone disease at a tertiary care hospital in Tamil Nadu

The time motion study of an out-patient department in a tertiary care hospital in Tamil Nadu

The time motion study of an out-patient department in a tertiary care hospital in Tamil Nadu

Predictive Value of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Differentiating Perforated from Non-perforated Appendicitis: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Tamil Nadu.

Introduction Acute appendicitis is a common reason for acute abdominal pain.It has a high perforation rate of 20%. Diagnosis of acute appendicitis is usually through well-known clinical signs and symptoms.Radiologic imaging is by and large carried out in peculiar cases with indistinct signs and symptoms.Although various scoring methods are available for screening and diagnosis, those have inadequate validity to accurately predict the severity of acute appendicitis.From the differential counts, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an economical and straightforward measure of subclinical inflammation. NLR may be a useful marker for predicting the onset and severity of appendicitis because of the insight it gives into immunological and inflammatory pathways. In this study, we aimed to determine the association between NLR and acute appendicitis among adult patients to differentiate between perforated and non-perforated appendicitis in a tertiary care hospital in Tamil Nadu, India. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of General Surgery of a deemed university in Chennai, Tamil Nadu.The study was conducted from March 2022 to December 2022. Patients aged 18 years and above undergoing appendicectomy surgery were included in the study.Patients with hematology disorders, chronic kidney disease, chronic liver disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, cancer, or auto-immune diseases, and any viral, bacterial, or parasitic infections were excluded.Pregnant women were also excluded from the study.After obtaining informed consent from the patients, blood samples were collected as and when they were diagnosed as acute appendicitis.Laboratory analysis for complete hemogramincluding white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil, and lymphocyte count was carried out using an automated hematology analyzer.Prevalence of perforated appendicitis was reported as a percentage.The receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was developed for NLR in differentiating perforated and non-perforated appendicitis.Data were entered in Microsoft Excel 2023.These analyses were carried out in STATA 12.0 (StataCorp, College Station, Texas, USA). Results A total of 212 patients aged 18 years and above were included in the study.Among them 93 (43.9%) were male and 119 (56.1%) were female.Prevalence of perforated appendicitis observed intra-operatively was 29.7% and non-perforated appendicitis was 70.3%. The mean (SD) of NLR among patients with perforated appendicitis was 8.8 (5.1) and non-perforated appendicitis was 3.2 (2.4) with a statistically significant difference (p-value < 0.0001).ROC curve with a cut-off value of 3.78 NLR, had sensitivity of 65.9% and specificity of 93.1% in differentiating perforated and non-perforated appendicitis.The positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) were reported as 85.7% and 81.2%, respectively. Conclusion NLR has a reasonable validity in differentiating perforated and non-perforated appendicitis.NLR may be useful in low-resource settings where routine confirmatory radiological procedures like computed tomography scans are not available.

Emergence of Dematiaceous Fungal Hypopyon in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Tamil Nadu: A Case Study

Emergence of Dematiaceous Fungal Hypopyon in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Tamil Nadu: A Case Study

Prospective Study on Estimation of Stature of Adult from Length of Clavicle in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Tamilnadu

Forensic anthropology can play an important role in the identification process. Besides determination of race, sex and age of the unknown individual, estimation of stature enhances the reliability of identification. It is easier to get those data when the whole body or the entire skeleton isavailable to the forensic anthropologist. However incases of deliberate mutilation and disposal in parts, interference by wild animal and bomb blast by terrorist attack, recovery of the whole body or complete skeleton may not be possible. In those cases, in the forensic anthropologists have to give this opinion based upon the available supplied skeleton remains. Although approximate stature of the individual can be estimated from most of the long bones using either multiplication factors or regressionformulae, studies on estimation of stature from clavicle are limited. In the past, Terry, Oliver and Thieeme have tried to estimate the stature of the individual from clavicle. So the present study is planned to determine the stature from clavicle.

Prevalence of Physical Nicotine Dependence and its Determinants among Tobacco users in the Rural Field Practice Area of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Tamil Nadu, India.

Tobacco is the major cause of preventable death globally, which kills one person prematurely every six seconds. In India, around 46.9% of men and women aged 15 years and above use any kind of tobacco, according to NFHS-5. Tobacco use for longer duration with increased frequency is often addictive. Nicotine in tobacco is often associated with dependence, which is recognized as a public health menace and the single most significant factor for premature death. Hence, assessment of nicotine dependence among tobacco users is essential to implement tobacco control measures effectively. To estimate the prevalence of nicotine dependence among tobacco users and to study the factors associated with nicotine dependence among those tobacco users in a rural area of Kancheepuram district, Tamil Nadu. A community-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 375 tobacco users aged 18 years and above residing permanently in the rural field practice area of the Rural Health and Training Centre (RHTC) attached to a Tertiary Care Hospital in Tamil Nadu. The study has been conducted for 6 months. A systematic random sampling technique was used to recruit the study participants. Data was collected by conducting personal interviews using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. The data obtained was subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS version 23. About 48.7% of the study participants had high dependence, 25% had moderate dependence, and 26.3% had low physical dependence on nicotine. The duration of tobacco use (P < 0.0000) and age of initiation of tobacco use (mean age was 28 ± 7.1 years) (P < 0.0001) was found as a significant risk indicator for nicotine dependence. The high nicotine dependence (48.7%) among the study participants is quite alarming and warrants more visible and aggressive anti-tobacco campaigns and targeted preventive strategies.

A cross-sectional study of the clinical profile of children admitted with yellow phosphorous poisoning in a tertiary care hospital

Background: Yellow phosphorous (YP) is a protoplasmic poison that is mainly used as a rodenticide. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study is to describe the clinical profile of YP poisoning in children in a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study done in a tertiary care hospital in Tamil Nadu. A convenience sample of all the cases admitted during the year 2022 was done. Demographic and clinical data were collected and analyzed. Results: The male: female ratio was 1.16:1 (n=13). The mean age of the children was 4.0769±1.373 years. About 84.61% of the children reported to the hospital within 6 h. On admission, fever (30.76%), vomiting (30.76%), abdominal pain (30.76%), bleeding (15.38%), and altered sensorium (15.38%) were the common symptoms. All the children ingested YP accidentally. Leukocytosis was observed in about 30.76%. The mean peak serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were 516.9231±685.976 IU/L and 161.9231±215.107 IU/L, respectively. There were no alterations in the Electrocardiographic tracings, levels of serum electrolytes, blood glucose, and serum creatinine in children with YP poisoning. Significant differences were observed between children who survived and children who died in the levels of mean peak AST, mean peak ALT, INR, and in the presence of encephalopathy and bleeding manifestations. Conclusion: YP is an uncommon but lethal poison in children. Creating awareness among parents about the dangers of YP and nationwide prohibition of the sale of YP will be an important step in eliminating deaths in children who are accidental victims.

Assessing Platelet to Lymphocyte and Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratios as Indicators of Mucosal Activity in Ulcerative Colitis: A Study at a Teritiary Care Hospital in Tamil Nadu

Assessing Platelet to Lymphocyte and Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratios as Indicators of Mucosal Activity in Ulcerative Colitis: A Study at a Teritiary Care Hospital in Tamil Nadu

Predictors of Clinical Outcomes in Elderly COVID-19 Patients Admitted to a Tertiary Care Hospital in Tamil Nadu: An Analytical Retrospective Study

Predictors of Clinical Outcomes in Elderly COVID-19 Patients Admitted to a Tertiary Care Hospital in Tamil Nadu: An Analytical Retrospective Study

Knowledge, attitude and practices regarding immunization among parents with children in the age group 12 to 24 months

Background: Immunization is one of the most indispensable community-based health interventions with unquestionable ability to improve a nation’s health status. In spite of evidences about the effectiveness of vaccines, millions of children around the world are lagging behind exposing them and their community to a risk of epidemics. Despite efforts taken to improve vaccination coverage, India has only succeeded in achieving 65% coverage in childhood immunization. We aim to determine parental knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding childhood immunization. Methods: It is a questionnaire-based observational study involving 95 parents with children aged 12 to 24 months, conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Tamil Nadu. Results: Ninety children have been completely immunized according to age. Nearly 60% children did not receive vaccinations according to prescribed schedule. More than half parents believed that vaccines are efficient in preventing diseases, which was statistically associated with education of parents. Although there is a good immunization coverage in our locality, 17.89% parents still doubt the safety of vaccines and one-fifth of respondents had misapprehensions that vaccines may cause long-term consequences in children. Conclusions: We found that multiple factors play a role in determining the immunization status of the population, including sociodemographic characteristics, level of knowledge and attitudes towards immunization. Therefore, improving knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding immunization among parents is one of the key initiatives towards building a disease-free nation.

Evaluation of pharmacoeconomic burden on migraineurs attending a tertiary care hospital in Tamil Nadu - A cross-sectional study

Background: About 25% of all neurological problems are associated with headache, making it one of the most recurring medical complaints. The most excruciating and incapacitating of all headaches, migraines have been studied for ages but are still little understood. This study was undertaken to study migraine in terms of their effect on socioeconomic burden. Our healthcare system is still behind in identifying the humanitarian burden and socioeconomic cost of this ailment, which primarily affects people while they are working and results in lost productivity/wages. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the direct and indirect costs incurred towards migraine therapy and to assess current trends to reduce the total cost. Materials and Methods: After obtaining IEC approval, 120 participants were enrolled following a critical appraisal of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected in specialized case study form and analyzed in proportion. Results: Statistical analysis showed, nearly 43% of the candidates were suffering from acute migraine. The total amount (direct and indirect) spent for medicines was rupees 1000–1600/patient/month, and an additional charge for special investigations of rupees 1000 apart from other laboratory tests. The majority about 91 patients, were admitted both for investigations and therapy for 3–6 days which further adds to the burden with greater health care costs when compared with non-migraineurs, and a larger number of female patients had a great potential loss of wages when compared with males. Conclusion: This research concludes that, since a majority of expenditures are met by the patient, better alternatives on patient and outcome perspectives to reduce the health-economic burden is the utmost need of this hour.

Clinical Spectrum of Neonatal Encephalopathy and the Role of CK-MB Assay in Transient Myocardial Ischaemia in Neonates with Hypoxic Ischaemic Encephalopathy: A Prospective Cohort Study

Introduction: Significant advancements have been made in the field of perinatal medicine through the use of newer monitoring technologies. However, birth asphyxia continues to cause prolonged hospitalisation due to multiple organ dysfunction and unfortunately, sometimes results in death. An elevation of the serum Creatine Kinase Myocardial Bound (CK-MB) fraction in myocardial ischaemia could indicate exposure to asphyxia and shock in neonates. Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the clinical spectrum of Neonatal Encephalopathy (NE) and investigate Transient Myocardial Ischaemia (TMI) in neonates with Hypoxic Ischaemic Encephalopathy (HIE) using CK-MB assay at birth, 24 hours, and 72 hours. Materials and Methods: A prospective clinical study was conducted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Tamil Nadu, India. The study duration was eight months, from January 2014 to August 2014. A total of 70 term neonates admitted with NE symptoms were included. Among them, 65 babies with evidence of asphyxia, such as an Appearance, Pulse, Grimace,Activity and respiration (APGAR) score less than 3 at five minutes, heart rate less than 60 Beats Per Minute (bpm), meconium-stained amniotic fluid, or the need for positive pressure ventilation for more than one minute, were evaluated for TMI. Myocardial involvement was assessed through clinical evaluation, chest X-ray (CXR), Electrocardiogram (ECG), Echocardiography (ECHO), and CK-MB assay at birth, 24 hours, and 72 hours. Statistical analysis was performed using Epi Info software version 7.0. Results: The mean Gestational Age (GA) of the study participants was 38.97±1.31 weeks. During the study period, 70 babies were admitted with NE symptoms, and HIE was the cause of encephalopathy in 65 babies. Other causes included hypoglycaemia, intraventricular haemorrhage, and bilirubin encephalopathy. Meconium staining of amniotic fluid was the most common intrapartum event in HIE babies. The survival rate in encephalopathy cases was 28.57%. Shock and respiratory failure were common complications in HIE, representing 46.15% and 44.61% respectively. Cardiomegaly in CXR, ST depression in ECG, Tricuspid Regurgitation (TR) in ECHO, and elevated CK-MB were commonly detected in babies with TMI associated with HIE. Conclusion: NE caused by HIE has a high mortality and morbidity rate. 83.3% of asphyxiated babies with shock had elevated CK-MB levels at birth, but the CK-MB values at 24 hours and 72 hours were not significantly elevated.

Retrospective Study of Pattern and Medicolegal aspects of Sexual Offence Cases reported at a Government Tertiary Care Hospital in Tamil Nadu

Background: Women and off late children are being more vulnerable group for sexual assault which causes severeand irreparable damage to the physical and more so to the mental health of the victims. As per the recent data,woman faces a rape attempt every two hours and a case of assault with intent to outrage the women’s modesty isreported every six minutes.Aim: To analyze the pattern, social aspects and medico legal implications of sexual offence cases reported to agovernment medical college hospital in South India.Methodology: A retrospective record based study by analyzing the data of the past three years was conducted inthe department of forensic medicine and toxicology at Tanjore Medical College and Hospital (TN). A total of 185sexual assault victims data were analysed in our study. Data of the subjects related to their age, marital status,time of the assault, accompanying trauma and the report of the medical examination which were recorded in theregister were noted and analysed. All the data regarding accused which were entered in the register were alsonoted.Results: The minimum age of the rape victim was 6 years and the maximum age was 60 years with a mean ageof 17.5 years. The mean age of the accused was 27.7 years. Majority (89.7%) of the rape victims was known butnot relative for the accused. Majority of the victims educational status was higher secondary. Penovaginal wasthe most commonest type of sexual assault conducted on the victims and the commonest place of crime was theresidence of the accused. Injury to the hymen is the most common type of physical injury occurred among thevictims. The average time interval between the rape incidence and the first medical examination was 24 days.Conclusion: Wide spread education and awareness regarding sex and moral values is the need of the hour whichis to be taught both at college and at school level. The government and the society have to work unitedly to endsexual abuse on females

Hematological Profile in COVID-19 Infection Among Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Tamil Nadu, South India.

Introduction A wide range of hematological abnormalities has been observed in SARS-CoV-2 infection which is directly related to the disease progression, clinical severity, and mortality among affected individuals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the abnormalities in hematological parameters among severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infected patients in a tertiary care hospital in south India. Methods This was a cross-sectional study carried out in the pathology department of Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre,Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India from 1st May 2021 to 30th June 2021. The hematological reports including complete blood count (CBC), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), serum ferritin, serum C-reactive protein (CRP), serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and D-dimer levels of all the blood samples from COVID-19 positive patients were retrieved from the laboratory records. The Leishman-stained peripheral smear findings were also tabulated and analyzed. Results Out of 65 patients, 38 (58.5 %) were males and 27 (41.5%) were females with amajority (78.4%) of them being more than 40 years of age. The salient hematological abnormalities were leukopenia (21.5%), elevated NLR (43%), and thrombocytopenia (6.2%). Peripheral smear showed schistocytes (15.4%), neutrophils with ring nuclei (84.6%), and toxic granules (81.5%). A statistically significant association between elevated NLR and serum CRP was seen among male patients. The association between the presence of schistocytes with serum LDH and D-dimer levels was statistically insignificant. Conclusions The significant hematological abnormalities in patients with COVID-19 infection were elevated NLR, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, and elevated D-dimer levels. Careful evaluation of the hematological parameters will help in categorizing the high-risk cases and thereby initiating early intervention and appropriate intensive care management. This will bring down the morbidity and mortality among COVID-19 patients.

Role of C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, Vitamin D, and interleukin-6 in the prognosis of COVID-19 – A retrospective study in a tertiary care hospital in Tamil Nadu

Background: SARS-COV-2 is also known as coronavirus causes an infectious disease has caused a global concern due to its pandemic nature. In India, nearly 36 million cases and 5.1 lakh deaths have been recorded so far. Laboratory biomarkers play an important role in improving the clinical situational awareness by predicting risk stratification and by discriminating between severe and non-severe cases. There is no sufficient information available regarding the role of C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Vitamin D, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the prognosis of COVID-19 patients in Southern part of India. Aims and Objectives: We aim to retrospectively analyze CRP, LDH, Vitamin D, and IL-6 in COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods: The observational and retrospective study was carried out from the case records of 103 patients from November 2021 to February 2022 in which CRP, LDH, Vitamin D, IL-6, COVID-19 Reporting and Data System (CO-RADS), and CT sore were analyzed during admission and follow-up period in the hospital. Mean, mean difference, standard deviation, standard error difference, and P value were calculated. P&lt;0.05 was considered to be significant. Results: CRP, LDH, IL-6, Vitamin D, CO-RADS, and CT score were decreased during the follow-up period when these levels were compared at the time of admission in the hospital, while there is an increase in Vitamin D levels during the follow-up period. Conclusion: The use of reliable and easy to use assays such as CRP, LDH, Vitamin D, and IL-6 plays an important role in the diagnosis and prognosis of COVID-19.

Role of Inflammatory Markers in Predicting Severity and Outcome in COVID-19 Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Institute of Tamil Nadu

Background:Severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV 2) infection elicits an inflammatory response which is responsible for severe clinical manifestations, disease progression and, poor outcomes.Objectives: This study aims to assess the pattern of elevation of inflammatory markers in COVID-19 and to determine their association with clinical, radiological severity and outcome of COVID 19.Methodology: This is a retrospective single-center cross-sectional study conducted at Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, a tertiary care Hospital in Tamil Nadu, India, encompassing a cohort of 1220 patients. The source population was all cases of COVID-19 admitted at the hospital with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 using RT PCR. The data was obtained from the patient’s case sheets and laboratory investigations and from the electronic data management system. The patient’s clinical severity on admission, baseline characteristics, co-morbid illnesses, presenting complaints, vitals, and inflammatory markers like D-dimer, C-reactive protein IL-6, Serum ferritin, and Lactate dehydrogenase were collected. The data for radiological severity and outcome were coded and analysed.Results: Diabetes and hypertension were found to be the most common comorbidities in the study population; females more affected than males. Fever and cough are the most common presenting symptoms. The clinical severity of patients was found to have a significant association with radiological severity. D-dimer is having a strong correlation with disease severity and outcome at any point in time. IL-6, CRP, Serum ferritin also showed a strong correlation with outcome in COVID-19.Conclusion:Our study suggests D-dimer at any point of time in a hospitalized COVID-19 patient as a promising marker for the same. IL-6 is the next best inflammatory marker followed by CRP and Serum ferritin. LDH is the least significant one among these.

Study the correlation of iodine nutrition and autoimmunity among Euthyroid goiter patient in a tertiary care hospital in Tamil Nadu

Background: Iodine is an essential micronutrient for the thyroid hormone synthesis. It is crucial for the growth and development of human life. Deficient or excessive iodine intake may affect thyroid gland size and functions. Despite the intake of iodized salt, the increasing occurrence of thyroid disorders in India.&#x0D; Aim and Objective: Aim of the present study is to analyse the nutritional status of iodine among Euthyroid goiter patient by measuring urinary excretion and correlate with thyroid hormone and auto antibodies&#x0D; Materials and Methods: one hundred and fifty Euthyroid goiter patients and one hundred and fifty age-matched normal adult were included in study. Urinary Iodine level and serum TSH, freeT4, freeT3, AMA and ATG were estimated both case and control groups.&#x0D; Results: The mean urinary iodine excretion concentration (UIC) in Euthyroid goiter patient was 244.39 µg/L and excess urinary iodine excretion was found in 48%. There were elevated serum AMA levels in Euthyroid goiter patient and that positive correlated with excess iodine.&#x0D; Conclusion: In this study we found that excess urinary iodine excretion among patients. This study we observed iodine excess associated complications, viz., benign goiter (49%), thyroiditis (24%), cancer of thyroid (21%) and thyrotoxicosis (6%).

Pattern of uveitis in a rural eye care hospital in Tamil Nadu

Aim: The aim of this study is to analyse the pattern of uveitis in a rural eye care hospital in Tamil Nadu. Understanding the shifting paradigm in uveitis, demographic differences in presentation, early diagnosis and treatment are very important in preventing ocular morbidity. Settings and Design: Retrospective Case study. Materials and Methods: Analysis of all the new cases of uveitis registered in our uvea clinic between December 2020 and April 2021 was done. Comprehensive eye examination and tailored investigations were done. Results: Among the 85 new cases of uveitis registered in the uvea clinic, 78 patients were included in the study. The mean age at presentation was 38.38 and ranged (4–77) years. The male: female ratio was 0.73. Anterior uveitis was the commonest type of uveitis (44.87%) followed by intermediate uveitis (24.35%), posterior uveitis (17.94%) and pan uveitis (12.82%). Aetiology was unknown in 30.76% (24/78) cases. HLA B27 association was noted in 22.8% of anterior uveitis cases. Sixteen patients had tuberculous aetiology. Ocular complications were noted in about 23.07% of patients and cataract was the most common complication. Conclusions: This study aims at analysing the pattern of uveitis in a rural area. Understanding the aetiology of uveitis whether infectious or autoimmune is of paramount importance to advice tailored investigations and to start early specific treatment. Delay in presentation and irregular follow-up, especially in patients from rural areas would result in permanent damage to ocular tissues and loss of visual function.

Clinical profile of patients with secondary syphilis at a tertiary care hospital in Tamilnadu- a case series

Background: Over the past two years, there has been an alarming rise of syphilis in many of the developed and developing countries, owing to the increase in HIV/AIDS, changes in sex practices, drug abuse and so on. Methods: A total of 10 patients were diagnosed as secondary syphilis in the Venereology Out Patient Department of our hospital over a short period of 4 months from July 2021 to October 2021. Demographic details, presenting complaints, duration of skin lesions, sexual history, treatment history of any other STIs, history of drug abuse, blood transfusion was recorded. Serological tests like VDRL, TPHA, HIV, HBV and HCV were done for all patients. Dark field microscopy and biopsy were done in few cases. Informed and written consent was obtained from all the patients for taking clinical photographs. Results: In our case series we had 6 male patients and 4 female patients. Among six male patients, one was retro positive and he was on antiretroviral therapy. The majority of the patients (6 out of 10) were in the 20-40 years age group. One male patient was a teenager. Eight out of ten patients were married. Two out of 4 female patients were pregnant. Majority of the patients were misdiagnosed earlier as psoriasis, pityriasis rosea, haemorrhoids, perianal wart elsewhere by dermatologists and general practitioners. The commonest morphology of lesions was maculopapular followed by psoriasiform lesions, and pigmentation of palms and soles. Conclusion: Now- a- days, all dermatologists and non-dermatologists should have a heightened awareness of the varied clinical phenotypes of secondary syphilis, its timely recognition and treatment so as to prevent spread to the partners, and also to the community.