Card Number Research Articles

DigiVoter: Blockchain Secured Digital Voting Platform with Aadhaar ID Verification

The Election Commission of India has talked about India's Electronic Voting Machines (EVMs) as dependable and impeccable, yet comparable electronic voting machines utilized around the world have shown to experience the ill effects of genuine security issues. This research aims to build a digital voting platform secured with the revolutionary concept of blockchain. A naive implementation of the same using Python for biometric authentication and NodeJs to create the blockchain is presented. It secures the blocks using 512-bit SHA-2 (Secure Hashing Algorithm 2). For authentication of users, the proposed model incorporates the use of biometric data which will be mapped to the cryptic unique Aadhaar card number of the voter. Thus, a platform is proposed to make the voting procedure easier, secured, and fault tolerant using blockchain. The results show secure vote casting by biometric authentication and saving in an immutable distributed fashion, thus keeping it safe from being altered.

An Innovative Method to Enhance the Accuracy of Credit Card Fraud Detection Using Logistic Regression Algorithm by Comparing Random Forest Algorithm

Aim: The objective is to develop a model to predict which transactions could be fraud with a high accuracy rate by using machine learning(ML) methods, such as the innovative Random Forest Algorithm. Materials and Methods: F1 score and accuracy rate are performed on fraud rates transactions in a dataset. The two groups (LR) the sample size is (N=20) and (RF) is (N=20) with G power value = 80. Results: To perform the transactions in the credit card by utilizing the card number, financial balance and client details, and if it is offline, the fraud has to steal the user's details in online transactions, which is not easily recognized by the client and bank authority, which prompts loss of sensitive data. (p<0.05) statistically significant value is compared to the amount and time since last purchase with a confidence level of 95% (=.519). (RF) algorithm is used for detecting credit card fraud. The accuracy is analyzed based on the dataset of 99.3%, where the (LR) has the accuracy of 99.1%. Conclusion: The performance of strategy is measured based on accuracy, F1 score, Precision, Recall. The results seem to be better accuracy for (RF) is 93.3%.

ONLINE FRAUD DETECTION

In today’s fast moving world as the demand of the internet is increasing with this cyber-attacks are also increasing and Phishing is one the most common cyberattack among them. Taking a user’s personal information such as credit card numbers, login details, confidential info, and so on through illegitimate activities of using the internet without the user’s knowledge and using it for blackmailing, debiting money from the user’s account, or any other purpose with the wrong intentions is known as phishing. In phishing attack, a phisher or attacker pretends to be masquerade as a known person or organization to the user and sends the mails or messages which contains malicious links in them and these malicious links contains harmful software’s or viruses which steals the user’s computer data, financial data, login credentials such as User ID and passwords, credit card details, etc. Phishing is the most common and dangerous cyberattack which is growing in the today’s world. Nowadays phishers are working smartly they are using the new techniques for creating the malicious links and embeds them in the emails and messages and sends it to the user which looks similar to the trusted mail or message to the user and as soon as the user clicks on the malicious link it redirects the user to the malicious webpage or runs the harmful software in the backend while the user is reading the email or message and takes over the соntrоl оf the user’s соmрuter аnd steаls аll dаtа оf the user’s соmрuter. Due to a speedy development inside the digital commerce generation, the usage of credit playing cards has dramatically extended. In view that credit card is the most popular mode of fee, the number of fraud instances related to it is also rising. As a result, in order to prevent these frauds, we need an excellent fraud detection system that can detect them correctly. We created the idea of credit card frauds in this paper, and we used a variety of device learning methods on an unbalanced dataset, including logistic regression, naivebayes, and random wooden area with ensemble classifiers using the boosting approach. An in-depth analysis of the existing and proposed models for credit card fraud detection has been completed, as well as a comparison of these tactics. So one of a kind classification models are applied to the statistics and the model performance is evaluated on the basis of quantitative measurements which include accuracy, precision, recollect, f1 score, confusion matrix. The realization of out observe explains the first class classifier via schooling and trying out using supervised strategies that offers better answer. KEYWORDS: phishing, credit card, cyberattack, malicious, detection, webpage.

Mobile Malware Behaviour through Opcode Analysis

As the popularity of mobile devices are on the rise, millions of users are now exposed to mobile malware threats. Malware is known for its ability in causing damage to mobile devices. Attackers often use it as a way to use the resources available and for other cybercriminal benefits such stealing users’ data, credentials and credit card number. Various detection techniques have been introduced in mitigating mobile malware, yet the malware author has its own method to overcome the detection method. This paper presents mobile malware analysis approaches through opcode analysis. Opcode analysis on mobile malware reveals the behaviour of malicious application in the binary level. The comparison made between the numbers of opcode occurrence from a malicious application and benign shows a significance traits. These differences can be used in classifying the malicious and benign mobile application.

Review of Toll payment apps for smartphons

The constant increase in motorization rate and passenger cars usage lead to rising traffic congestion, which causes traffic delays and unfavorable traffic regime. In the toll collection system, the use of modern devices, specifically smartphones, would allow vehicles to pass through the toll collection system without stopping and time delays, which would solve the problems of queuing but also reduce the impact of vehicles on environmental pollution. This paper describes the ways of working of various applications that are used today in countries around the world, mainly as a secondary way of paying the fee for the use of the road network. The analysis of applications showed that in order to pay the toll, in addition to downloading the application, the user needs to create a user account, enter the number of vehicle registration plates and the number of payment, credit or debit card through which payment will be made. In addition to the benefits offered by mobile devices, there are certain disadvantages and space for further improvement.

Describing the linkage between administrative social assistance and health care databases in Ontario, Canada

BackgroundThe linkage of records across administrative databases has become a powerful tool to increase information available to undertake research and analytics in a privacy protective manner. ObjectiveThe objective of this paper was to describe the data integration strategy used to link the Ontario Ministry of Children, Community and Social Services (MCCSS)-Social Assistance (SA) database with administrative health care data. MethodsDeterministic and probabilistic linkage methods were used to link the MCCSS-SA database (2003-2016) to the Registered Persons Database, a population registry containing data on all individuals issued a health card number in Ontario, Canada. Linkage rates were estimated, and the degree of record linkage and representativeness of the dataset were evaluated by comparing socio-demographic characteristics of linked and unlinked records. ResultsThere were a total of 2,736,353 unique member IDs in the MCCSS-SA database from the 1st January 2003 to 31st December 2016; 331,238 (12.1%) were unlinked (linkage rate = 87.9%). Despite 16 passes, most record linkages were obtained after 2 deterministic (76.2%) and 14 probabilistic passes (11.7%). Linked and unlinked samples were similar for most socio-demographic characteristics (i.e., sex, age, rural dwelling), except migrant status (non-migrant versus migrant) (standardized difference of 0.52). Linked and unlinked records were also different for SA program-specific characteristics, such as social assistance program, Ontario Works and Ontario Disability Support Program (standardized difference of 0.20 for each), data entry system, Service Delivery Model Technology only and both Service Delivery Model Technology and Social Assistance Management System (standardized difference of 0.53 and 0.52, respectively), and months on social assistance (standardized difference of 0.43). ConclusionsAdditional techniques to account for sub-optimal linkage rates may be required to address potential biases resulting from this data linkage. Nonetheless, the linkage between administrative social assistance and health care data will provide important findings on the social determinants of health.

Assessment of private health sector prescribing patterns and adherence to prescription format using World Health Organization core drug use indicators in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

BackgroundCurrently, the private healthcare sector's role in healthcare delivery is growing in Ethiopia. However, there are limited studies on private healthcare sector drug use patterns. This study aimed to evaluate the private healthcare sector prescribing practices and adherence to prescription format, using some of the World Health Organization (WHO) core drug use indicators in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.MethodsA retrospective cross-sectional study design was used to collect quantitative data from prescriptions prescribed and dispensed by private healthcare sectors in the Lemi-Kura sub-city, Addis Ababa. The study was conducted from June to July 2021. The WHO criteria were used to evaluate prescribing and prescription completeness indicators. Prescriptions, kept for the last 1 year that were prescribed between January 1, 2020, to January 1, 2021, by private drug outlets, were analyzed. Simple random and systematic sampling procedures were employed in selecting drug outlets and prescriptions, respectively.ResultsOf a total of 1,200 prescriptions, 2,192 drugs were prescribed and the average number of drugs per prescription was 1.83. Generic names, antibiotics, injections, and drugs on the Ethiopian essential medicines list accounted for 77.4, 63.8, 11.5, and 80.6% of all prescriptions, respectively. Among the patient identifiers, the patient card number (54.3%), weight (2.3%), and diagnoses (31.7%) were less likely to be completed. In terms of the drug-related information, the dosage form (35.5%) was the least likely to be completed. Only 36.6 and 25.8% of prescriptions contained the names and qualifications of the prescribers, respectively. It was difficult to obtain prescription papers with the dispenser identifier.ConclusionThe study findings indicated prescribing and prescription completeness indicators all considerably deviated from WHO standards and hence unsuitable. This situation could be critical since a similar pattern is reported from public healthcare sectors, which might imply the extent of non-adherence to WHO core drug use standards. Consequently, it could play a considerable role in increasing irrational medicine use in Ethiopia.

REVIEW OF COMPLETENESS OF DEATH CERTIFICATE FILLING AT BANTEN

Background: Filling in the Death Certificate at RSU Banten is the part that gets attention in this study. The Death Certificate form was found to be incomplete in patient identification, completeness of important reports, author authentication and good records. The Medical Certificate of Cause of Death (SMPK) is the main source of mortality data. Death information is usually obtained from health practitioners or in cases of death due to accidents, violence and other diseases. Based on a preliminary study in March 2020 at Banten General Hospital, it was found that out of 20 death certificate forms there were 10 incomplete death certificate forms, including the incomplete identification component of 7.75 (39%) such as in the death serial number section, the main number population and population number. 9 (45%) important report components were incomplete, such as the type of examination, ICD code, method and location of burial. The incomplete authentication component of 10 (50%) is as in the reporting signature and reporting name. An incomplete record component of 6.6 (35%) is like a lot of blanks. The purpose of the study was to find out the Completeness of Filling in Death Certificates at RSU Banten and the results of this study were expected to be useful for hospitals as input and consideration in addressing the issue of completeness of medical certificates causing death. and the approach used in this research is to use a comparative approach, namely through a checklist and interviews at RSU Banten. The research method used is quantitative research. The population in January- February 2020 was 233 death certificate forms at RSU Banten, while the subject population was 12 officers who were responsible for completing death certificates. The sample object taken for this research is a Death Certificate form as many as 77 samples. While the sample of subjects in this study were 2 officers who filled out death certificates. Sampling Technique Subjects in this study used non-random (non-probability sampling) with purposive sampling. The results showed that the SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) already exists and is complete which regulates the Filling of Death Certificates at RSU Banten in the installation section of the funeral procession (IPJ), but it is still not fully implemented because there are still many incomplete forms, from the 5 SOP items it is known that those who are complete with SOP guidelines are (100%) while those that are incomplete with SOP guidelines are (0%). The results of completeness in patient identification with a complete percentage are found in the sub-components of medical record numbers and names, which are 77 (100%), while the incomplete percentages are found in the sub-components of death serial number, population identification number and population identification number, which is 77 (100% , Important reports on death certificates that are filled out completely are found in the time
 
 
 of death sub-component, which is 77 (100%), while the completeness of filling out important reports that are incomplete on the death serial number is 77 (100%).Authentication Author on death certificates which is filled in completely is contained in the sub-components of the doctor's TTD sign and the doctor's name, which is 77 (100%), while the incomplete completeness of author authentication on the reporting blood pressure, the name of the reporter, the identity card number of the reporting person, the address of the reporter is 77 (100%). Both the death certificate that is filled in completely, there are sub-components, there are no scribbles and there is no type - ex, which is 77 (100%). while the completeness of incomplete filling on a good record is found in the sub-components, there are no empty parts, namely 77 (100%).
 Data collection was carried out by survey, namely the researcher conducted direct interviews with respondents using a questionnaire. The research results obtained the following data; There were 97 toddlers who had pneumonia or 26.5%, almost all of them 94.5% of mothers had good knowledge about pneumonia, 46.7% of mothers had sufficient behavior and 49.5% of mothers had sufficient attitudes and more than half of them 70.2% of mothers had not been exposed to information about pneumonia. The Bivariate results found that attitude and information exposure had a significant relationship with the incidence of pneumonia, while behavior and knowledge had no significant relationship with the incidence of pneumonia among toddlers in the city of Cilegon. From the results of this study, it is hoped that the Cilegon City Health Office can increase socialization and counseling about pneumonia through cooperation with related agencies so that it can improve the degree of public health.

Evaluating Quality of Chatbots and Intelligent Conversational Agents of BCA (VIRA) Line

Background: The use of technology in the financial sector greatly supports its productivity. Including the use of Artificial Intelligence or Artificial Intelligence that makes activities in the financial sector faster and more efficient. PT. Bank Central Asia also implemented Artificial Intelligence technology by launching a chatbot feature called VIRA. Although this vira provides various conveniences this feature has a disadvantage of this feature is that the account can be accessed without using a pin, but only with a card number and OTP code. Aim: This research aims to look at the legal protection of the use of VIRA chatbots in BCA customers' banking activities. Method: This research is included in the type of empirical juridical legal research with library research and vira application observation. Findings: The results showed that BCA customers can only access personal data using VIRA. The main facilities of chatbot VIRA are more general information services and promotions for customers. In addition, the account is not automatically logged out, so when the phone is lost others may be able to access the account of the mobile phone owner through VIRA.

A Survey on an Investigation of Detection & Prevention Methods for Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) Attacks

Currently, web applications are utilized for constituting data along with service discharges over the World Wide Web. While these are dynamically used for security-primary services, thus they have ended up being a popular and valuable objective for the web-related vulnerabilities. Despite the fact that few suspicious systems have been developing to fortify the cutting edge web applications and improve the impelled against them. Numerous techniques are available to emphasize very serious vulnerability in the advanced web applications. Along with the multiplicity of protection vulnerabilities, Cross site scripting attack is the most probable vulnerability found in the present web applications on SNS condition which to be a infection for the cutting edge web applications. As of late, practically 70% of all vulnerabilities on the web were sorted as XSS-related vulnerabilities. Cross site scripting attacks grant an aggressor to implement the malicious contents on the individual's internet browser to bringing different indications, for example, data conciliation, taking of cookies, credit card numbers, and passwords and so on. This review paper centers on the different identification and remedial strategies utilized in the existing works for XSS attacks, alongside discussion about advantages and disadvantages of every technique. It has additionally discussed about an eminent level of technical categorization of XSS attacks.

Remodeled RSA Algorithm for Messages of Length Two Employing G- Primes

Now - a- days, the exchange of sensitive information, such as credit card numbers, over the internet is common practice. Protecting data and electronic systems is crucial to our way of living. Cryptography deals with the study of communication over a channel may not be secure and problems related with them. One such well known algorithm is RSA algorithm. This paper displays the classical RSA algorithm and modifies the work in generation of keys. There will be two assignments for the alphabets. Here the only interest is on messages with two letters.

An RFID Based Access Control System operating with a Computer Program and a Database

This article focuses on the realization of an access control system based on RFID (Radio Frequency by Identification) technology. It is an authentication system for controlling access to a sensitive place. This system is composed of RFID cards which are badges that act as electronic keys, an RFID reader, an electronic lock, a microcontroller, a wifi module and a database installed on a computer. The identification number of an RFID card detected by the RFID reader is transferred, via the serial interface, to the microcontroller that communicates with the computer through the wifi module for verification in the database. If the information is valid, the microcontroller triggers the opening of the electronic lock.

Contactless Palmprint Recognition System: A Survey

Information systems in organizations traditionally require users to remember their secret pins (password), token, card number, or both to confirm their identities. However, the technological trend has been moving towards personal identification based on individual behavioural attributes (such as gaits, signature, and voice) or physiological (such as palmprint, fingerprint, face, iris, or ear). These attributes (biometrics) offer many advantages over knowledge and possession-based approaches. For example, palmprint images have rich, unique features for reliable human identification, and it has received significant attention due to their stability, reliability, uniqueness, and non-intrusiveness. This paper provides an overview and evaluation of contactless palmprint recognition system, the state-of-the-art performance of existing works, different types of “Region of Interest” (ROI) extraction algorithms, feature extraction, and matching algorithms. Finally, the findings obtained are presented and discussed.

Prevention of Runtime Malware Injection Attack in Cloud Using Unsupervised Learning

Cloud computing utilizes various Internet-based technologies to enhance the Internet user experience. Cloud systems are on the rise, as this technology has completely revolutionized the digital industry. Currently, many users rely on cloud-based solutions to acquire business information and knowledge. As a result, cloud computing services such as SaaS and PaaS store a warehouse of sensitive and valuable information, which has turned the cloud systems into the obvious target for many malware creators and hackers. These malicious attackers attempt to gain illegal access to a myriad of valuable information such as user personal information, password, credit/debit card numbers, etc., from systems as the unsecured e-learning ones. As an important part of cloud services, security is needed to protect business customers and users from unauthorized threats. This paper aims to identify malware that attacks cloud-based software solutions using an unsupervised learning model with fixed-weight Hamming and Mexiannet. Different types of attack methodologies and various ways of malicious instructions targeting unknown files in cloud services are investigated. The result and analysis in this study provide an evolution of the unsupervised learning detection algorithm with an accuracy of 94.05%.

Impact of digital technology on banking business in Southeast Asia countries

This article studies the bank's operations on digital platforms using panel data from 2010 to 2020 of five Southeast Asian countries: Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam. The Pooled regression model (POOL), Fixed effect model (FEM), Random effect model (REM) were applied to the study to consider the impact of variables on the number of digital banking transactions, the total value of banking transactions conducted by telephone and telecommunications networks, the number of card accounts opened at the bank to the bank's deposit and loan turnover. The results of this study showed that the number of digital banking transactions and, the total value of banking transactions conducted by via telephone and telecommunications networks contribute to the increase in the bank's deposit and lending turnover. As such, the regression model shows that ease of interaction, decision support tools, customer care opportunities as well as flexibility in conducting online transactions to a large extent affect has a positive impact on customer relationships between banks, and has a positive impact on the business activities of banks in Southeast Asia. Digital banking services must attract and maintain customers' attention. Policy proposals promote the development toward a larger banking industry and focus on the effectiveness of digital banking applications.

Performance Impact of Header-Based Network Steganographic Countermeasures

Cybersecurity executives, engineers, and decision-makers should not presume effective network steganographic countermeasures come at the cost of performance. A performance assessment of network steganographic countermeasures during an experimental data exfiltration attack revealed a negligible influence on latency. Despite the advanced nature of the attack, preventative controls did not degrade packet round-trip times to a statistically significant degree. During the experiment, synthetic credit card numbers were exfiltrated at a rate equivalent to (US)$74,702 per second. The measured round trip time between a covert transmitting host and covert receiving host was nearly identical regardless of whether interventions were active or inactive. The de minimis effect suggests similar preventative controls in an enterprise environment would not have an adverse effect on large volumes of business network traffic in the presence of an actual attack.

Character and Word Embeddings for Phishing Email Detection

Phishing attacks are among the most common malicious activities on the Internet. During a phishing attack, cybercriminals present themselves as a trusted organization or individual. Their goal is to lure people to enter their private information, such as passwords and bank card numbers, while believing that nothing malicious is happening. The attack often starts with a phishing email, which is an email that is very similar to a legitimate email, but usually contains links to malicious websites or uses some other techniques to mislead victims. To prevent phishing attacks, it is crucial to detect phishing emails and remove them from email inbox folders. In this paper, a neural network based phishing email detection model is proposed. In comparison to some earlier approaches, our model does not use manually engineered input features. It learns character and word embeddings directly from email texts, and uses them to extract local and global features using convolutional and recurrent layers, respectively. Our model is tested on the two commonly used datasets for phishing email detection, the SpamAssassin Public Corpus and Nazario Phishing Corpus, and it achieves an accuracy of 99.81 % and F_1-score of 99.74 %, which is on par or better than the current state-of-the-art approaches.

Describing the linkage between administrative social assistance and health care databases in Ontario, Canada.

BackgroundThe linkage of records across administrative databases has become a powerful tool to increase information available to undertake research and analytics in a privacy protective manner.ObjectiveThe objective of this paper was to describe the data integration strategy used to link the Ontario Ministry of Children, Community and Social Services (MCCSS)-Social Assistance (SA) database with administrative health care data.MethodsDeterministic and probabilistic linkage methods were used to link the MCCSS-SA database (2003-2016) to the Registered Persons Database, a population registry containing data on all individuals issued a health card number in Ontario, Canada. Linkage rates were estimated, and the degree of record linkage and representativeness of the dataset were evaluated by comparing socio-demographic characteristics of linked and unlinked records.ResultsThere were a total of 2,736,353 unique member IDs in the MCCSS-SA database from the 1st January 2003 to 31st December 2016; 331,238 (12.1%) were unlinked (linkage rate = 87.9%). Despite 16 passes, most record linkages were obtained after 2 deterministic (76.2%) and 14 probabilistic passes (11.7%). Linked and unlinked samples were similar for most socio-demographic characteristics (i.e., sex, age, rural dwelling), except migrant status (non-migrant versus migrant) (standardized difference of 0.52). Linked and unlinked records were also different for SA program-specific characteristics, such as social assistance program, Ontario Works and Ontario Disability Support Program (standardized difference of 0.20 for each), data entry system, Service Delivery Model Technology only and both Service Delivery Model Technology and Social Assistance Management System (standardized difference of 0.53 and 0.52, respectively), and months on social assistance (standardized difference of 0.43).ConclusionsAdditional techniques to account for sub-optimal linkage rates may be required to address potential biases resulting from this data linkage. Nonetheless, the linkage between administrative social assistance and health care data will provide important findings on the social determinants of health.

Development of an Integrated Healthcare Analytics Using Blockchain Tools and Techniques

Medical care is information escalated space where a massive amount of data is made, got to, and put away today. The report collected in the paper design is challenging to detect in the system, costly to document, and accessible when required. These difficulties might prompt health choices not being made with complete data; because of missing information, there is a requirement for rehashed tests or information put away in an alternate medical clinic in another state or country. The proposed approach can utilize Blockchain innovation to safeguard medical services information facilitated inside the cloud. Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) contain clinical and clinical information connected with a given patient and are put away by the capable medical services supplier using the proposed framework. The individual or clinic authority works with recovering and examining medical services information. The proposed strategy is an electronic application where clients can enlist and get their one-of-a-type keys. Engaging essential patients can also transfer patient information to the cloud. By allowing medical clinic specialists, they can again see patients' data. By associating at least two clinics, medical clinics can share their patient's information for additional treatment. They can share patients' information provided they have been given the right when they need to move their clinical history to another specialist. Will reflect changes in communication in all medical clinics' in-network. For this electronic connection point, clients need to utilize their Aadhar card number for enrollment and login purposes, with no requirement for emergency clinic participation.

Application and Management of College Epidemic Prevention and Control Information Platform Based on Face Recognition and Temperature Measurement Technology

With the development of science and technology, computer science is becoming more and more mature and plays an important role in social life and economic development. Based on this background, an epidemic prevention and control information platform for universities based on face recognition technology and temperature technology has been created. The system can realize real-time monitoring of students' identity verification, ID card numbers and internal school item files, it can also effectively detect the body temperature of teachers and students, and make timely early warning suggestions to relevant departments based on the detection results, which provides effective data support as well as technical guarantee in public security work. At the same time, it uses embedded computer technology to realize the interaction of data between each link in the epidemic prevention work and the database, which is convenient for the staff to grasp the relevant data information and dynamic changes in a timely manner, thus providing effective guarantee measures for the management of universities. This paper introduces the information platform of university epidemic prevention and control based on face recognition and temperature recognition technology, and designs and implements the study of the system.