Gland Carcinoma Research Articles

F-18 FDG PET-CT in a Rare Case of Bartholin's Gland Undifferentiated Carcinoma Managed With Chemoradiation and Interstitial Brachytherapy

Prognosis of patients with Bartholin's gland carcinoma (BGC) is strictly related to the nodal stage at diagnosis. Thus, it is crucial to perform reliable staging for optimal treatment planning. In spite of wide clinical utilization of F-18 FDG PET in oncological routine, its role in vulvar malignancies is not completely defined. To keep organs and preserve anal and ureteral function, a patient with advanced undifferentiated BGC (FIGO IV-A) received 50 Gy to the whole pelvis, whole vagina and bilateral inguinal lymph nodes with concomitant chemotherapy, followed by interstitial brachytherapy. F-18 FDG PET-CT was performed at staging and after treatment completion. Complete regression of the initial metabolic abnormalities was shown on posttreatment images, confirming the efficacy of the adopted conservative approach. F-18 FDG PET-CT imaging could have a role in staging and assessing treatment efficacy in aggressive BGC.

Primary treatment of Bartholin's gland carcinoma with radiation and chemoradiation: a report on ten consecutive cases

We reviewed our experience with primary radiation therapy for Bartholin's gland carcinoma (BGC) as an alternative to traditional surgical treatment. A retrospective study reviewed records from the Cancer Data Registry and Research Patient Data Registry from 1986 to 2002. Charts of ten women identified with BGC were reviewed for demographic information, presenting symptoms, tumor characteristics, treatment modalities, and complications, as well as for recurrence and survival. The incidence of BGC was 2.13% of all invasive vulvar cancer cases at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH). Four patients presented with clinical stage I disease, one with stage II, three with stage III, and two with stage IV. The median age at diagnosis was 63.5 years. There were five squamous cell carcinomas, two adenoid cystic carcinomas, two mucinous adenocarcinomas, and one small-cell carcinoma. After a change in treatment policy in 1986 from primary surgery that had often required postoperative radiation therapy, ten consecutive patients were treated with primary radiotherapy or chemoradiation therapy. Treatment included teletherapy combined with a boost to the primary site, regional nodes and/or interstitial brachytherapy. Short-term complications were mild and well tolerated; one patient developed late radiation-associated pelvic fractures. Four tumors recurred with a mean time to recurrence of 31.2 months. The median follow-up was 87.2 months (45–142). Three- and 5-year survivals were 71.5% and 66%, comparable to outcomes after surgery and postoperative radiation therapy. We conclude that primary radiation or chemoradiation therapy offers an effective alternative to surgery in the treatment of BGC with preservation of genital function and low morbidity.

Atypical Carcinoid Tumor (Moderately Differentiated Neuroendocrine Carcinoma) of the Salivary Glands: Report of 3 Cases

Atypical Carcinoid Tumor (Moderately Differentiated Neuroendocrine Carcinoma) of the Salivary Glands: Report of 3 Cases

Primary treatment of Bartholin’s gland carcinoma with radiation and chemoradiation: a report on ten consecutive cases

We reviewed our experience with primary radiation therapy for Bartholin's gland carcinoma (BGC) as an alternative to traditional surgical treatment. A retrospective study reviewed records from the Cancer Data Registry and Research Patient Data Registry from 1986 to 2002. Charts of ten women identified with BGC were reviewed for demographic information, presenting symptoms, tumor characteristics, treatment modalities, and complications, as well as for recurrence and survival. The incidence of BGC was 2.13% of all invasive vulvar cancer cases at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH). Four patients presented with clinical stage I disease, one with stage II, three with stage III, and two with stage IV. The median age at diagnosis was 63.5 years. There were five squamous cell carcinomas, two adenoid cystic carcinomas, two mucinous adenocarcinomas, and one small-cell carcinoma. After a change in treatment policy in 1986 from primary surgery that had often required postoperative radiation therapy, ten consecutive patients were treated with primary radiotherapy or chemoradiation therapy. Treatment included teletherapy combined with a boost to the primary site, regional nodes and/or interstitial brachytherapy. Short-term complications were mild and well tolerated; one patient developed late radiation-associated pelvic fractures. Four tumors recurred with a mean time to recurrence of 31.2 months. The median follow-up was 87.2 months (45-142). Three- and 5-year survivals were 71.5% and 66%, comparable to outcomes after surgery and postoperative radiation therapy. We conclude that primary radiation or chemoradiation therapy offers an effective alternative to surgery in the treatment of BGC with preservation of genital function and low morbidity.

Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Major Salivary Glands Treated With Surgery and Radiation

Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Major Salivary Glands Treated With Surgery and Radiation

Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of Bartholin's Gland: A Case Report

Summary Objective Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of Bartholin's gland is a distinctive entity of vulvar malignancy, accounting for 10-15% of Bartholin's gland carcinomas. The purpose of this paper is to report our diagnosis and surgical treatment of a case of primary Bartholin's gland carcinoma presenting as a Bartholin's cyst. Case Report A 49-year-old woman was referred due to the increasing size of a posterior vulvar lump despite aspiration. Histology of the biopsy specimen confirmed ACC of Bartholin's gland. The patient was treated using radical vulvectomy with inguinal lymph node dissection. No evidence of local recurrence or distant metastasis was noted up to 18 months after surgery. Conclusion Although uncommon, Bartholin's gland carcinoma should be suspected when excess induration or necrotic debris is present or when a Bartholin's cyst or abscess is unresponsive to conventional therapy, especially in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.

PD.244 Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of minor salivary glands. A clinical study of 16 cases and review of the literature

PD.244 Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of minor salivary glands. A clinical study of 16 cases and review of the literature

Vulvar Paget Disease

Abstract:Paget disease of the vulva is an intraepithelial adenocarcinoma that has a propensity for local recurrence. Intraepithelial Paget cells may also reflect vulvar extension of an adnexal or visceral carcinoma, such as vulvar sweat gland, urothelial, or colorectal carcinoma. Mimics of vulvar Pa

Muir–Torre syndrome

Muir–Torre syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by sebaceous neoplasms of skin and one or more malignancies of the visceral organs. The sebaceous neoplasms include sebaceous adenoma, sebaceous epithelioma, basal cell epithelioma, and sebaceous carcinoma [1]. Since these sebaceous neoplasms occur rarely, when they are recognized, consideration of Muir–Torre syndrome is important. Recent identification of the main genes made it possible to employ molecular studies in affected patients. A case ultimately diagnosed as Muir–Torre syndrome because of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the parotid gland, prostate adenocarcinoma and sebaceous cell carcinoma of the upper eyelid will be presented.

Cell-cycle regulation and cell proliferation in adenoid-cystic carcinoma of the salivary glands. Comparison between cribriform, tubular, and solid differentiation

Cell-cycle regulation and cell proliferation in adenoid-cystic carcinoma of the salivary glands. Comparison between cribriform, tubular, and solid differentiation

Carcinoma de células en anillo de sello del párpado tratado con radioterapia exclusiva

Primary signet ring cell carcinoma of eccrine sweat glands in the eyelid is a very rare tumour with only 8 cases published. We reported a new case in a 74-year-old male. Since the patient refused orbital exenteration a three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy treatment was applied with a total dose of 50,4. Gy, with an excellent local control of the disease. Radiotherapy alone is a good approach for achieving local control in this rare neoplasm

Two-dimensional complementary deoxyribonucleic acid electrophoresis revealing up-regulated human epididymal protein-1 and down-regulated CL-100 in thyroid papillary carcinoma.

Two-dimensional cDNA electrophoresis was used to analyze gene expressions in papillary carcinoma and normal tissue of thyroid glands. Pooled thyroid tissues were used to extract mRNA. Complementary DNAs, synthesized with NotI anchor primers, were digested with three restriction enzymes, NotI, EcoRV, and PvuII. The protruding NotI ends were filled in with (32)P deoxynucleotide triphosphates, and the radiolabeled cDNA fragments were separated in two dimensions. Approximately 500 cDNA fragments were visualized as discrete spots without probes. A total of 20 spots, 9 up-regulated and 11 down-regulated cDNAs in papillary carcinoma, were selected and cloned for sequencing. This experiment lent itself to a novel discovery of up-regulated human epididymal protein 1 (HE-1) and down-regulated CL-100 genes in thyroid papillary carcinomas confirmed by Northern blot analysis. Immunohistochemical stains showed abundant HE-1 protein in the papillary carcinoma, whereas little or no HE-1 protein was detected in other types of thyroid cancers and normal thyroid tissues. The restricted localization of HE-1 protein to the portions of papillary projections suggests an involvement of HE-1 protein for forming papillary shape. Our study showed that two-dimensional cDNA electrophoresis is a useful method of detecting differentially expressed genes in human diseases as demonstrated for HE-1 and CL-100 in papillary carcinoma.

Rectus Femoris Myocutaneous Flap for Vulvoperineal Reconstruction

Background. Many reconstructive procedures for large vulvoperineal defects have been described. The present report describes the use of the rectus femoris myocutaneous flap, which has not previously been described for this purpose.Case. A 52-year-old woman suffered a local recurrence of a Bartholin's gland carcinoma after anterior exenteration and pubectomy. A palliative resection was performed which resulted in a large vulvoperineal defect with transpelvic herniation of the peritoneal contents. This was immediately reconstructed with a rectus femoris myocutaneous flap. Her postoperative course and healing were uneventful.Conclusion. This technique is an alternative method for vulvar reconstruction. It is especially useful for large defects when a gracilis or rectus abdominis flap is not available.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the major salivary glands: clinical and histopathologic analysis of 234 cases with evaluation of grading criteria

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the major salivary glands: clinical and histopathologic analysis of 234 cases with evaluation of grading criteria

Recurrent Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Bartholin's Duct Treated with en Bloc Resection

Bartholin's gland carcinomas are a rare entity. A case of a recurrent Bartholin's gland carcinoma is described. These neoplasms have a myriad of treatment options for primary therapy but there is a paucity of information regarding treatment for a lethal recurrence. The patient's primary therapy consisted of an initial wide local excision followed by radiation therapy with chemosensitization. She was disease-free for 2 years before her recurrence. A novel treatment approach incorporating a mulitdisciplinary en bloc radical surgery is described. The patient is alive and well without evidence of disease at 22 months.

Combined modality treatment of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary glands

Combined modality treatment of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary glands

Thyroid disorders and breast cancer

We have investigated the controversial association between diseases of the thyroid gland and breast carcinoma using methodology which allows positive exclusion of cases of breast disease from control groups and the detection of subclinical alterations in thyroid volume using high resolution ultrasonography, thus addressing the deficiencies of earlier studies. Whereas the prevalence of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism in patients with breast carcinoma and in healthy controls without clinical evidence of breast disease was similar, non-toxic goitre was more than twice as common in the breast carcinoma patients. Thyroid volumes were also significantly higher in breast carcinoma patients than in controls; using World Health Organisation criteria, 45.5% of breast carcinoma patients had thyroid enlargement compared with only 10.5% of controls. Finally, antithyroid peroxidase autoantibodies were twice as common in breast cancer patients than in controls. These findings provide clear evidence of a relationship between thyroid disease and breast carcinoma, although the mechanisms underlying this relationship require further study, future studies of breast cancer risk factors should therefore include assessment of thyroid function, antibody status and volume.

Nm23-H1 expression in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma in relation to metastasis and survival

The expression of nm23-H1, product of putative metastasis suppressor gene, was evaluated immunohistochemically in 31 cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of salivary glands and correlated with their clinicopathologic features. All benign salivary gland tumors of various types, which were used as a non-metastatic control, showed obvious nm23-H1 expression. The immunoreactivity of tumor cells was stronger than that of normal salivary gland components, although the distribution patterns of positive cells considerably varied between tumor types. In ACC, 16 cases (52%) showed the reduction of nm23-H1 immunoreactivity either in positive cell frequency or staining intensity. These cases were referred to as negative cases. The incidence of negative cases was 67% (10/15) and 38% (6/16) of the cases with and without metastasis, respectively. Furthermore, metastatic tumors showed decreased immunoreactivity of this protein compared with their primary tumors. The prognosis of patients with a nm23 negative tumor was generally poorer than that with a positive tumor. These results may suggest that the reduction of nm23-H1 protein has an implication for metastasis of ACC.

Malignant ecrrine poroma of the hand: A case report

Carcinoma of sweat glands is a very rare neoplasm that is difficult to diagnose clinically and histologically. This report presents a case of malignant eccrine poroma of the hand which is a distinct histologic subtype of sweat gland carcinoma with a high local recurrence rate. A distal radial artery based forearm flap was used to provide soft tissue coverage.

Cancer risk in a cohort of Danes working in Greenland.

Greenland is a high-incidence area for certain virus-associated cancers. The long term cancer risk in a cohort of 7,761 Danish employees who had been working for some time (median 19.7 months) in Greenland during the period 1955-1978 was studied. During a total of 162,300 person-years (average 20.9 years) of follow-up ending on December 31, 1992, the number of cancers observed was 732 vs. 669 expected (relative risk (RR) = 1.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.18). Whereas the men did not experience any unusual cancer incidence at any cancer site, the women were at elevated risk of developing breast cancer (RR = 1.5, 95% CI 1.2-1.8 (n = 96)); malignant melanoma (RR = 1.8, 95% CI 1.0-2.9 (n = 16)); and lymphatic and hematopoietic malignancies (RR = 1.7, 95% CI 1.0-2.8 (n = 16)). Exposure during adulthood to a high-incidence area for cervical cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma and tumors of the major salivary glands did not confer any measurable increase in the risk for these virus-associated cancers. Postponement of childbearing might explain part of the elevated breast cancer risk. Intensive exposure to ultraviolet light, that is likely to explain the increased risk of malignant melanoma among the women, might also be involved in the excess incidence of lymphatic and hematopoietic malignancies observed in these women. However, why the men did not experience similar alterations in the risk of melanoma and cancers of the immune system is enigmatic.