This study reports the green synthesis of antimony sulphide (Sb2S3) nano-rods synthesized by thermolysis of antimony diethyldithiocarbamate (Sb [S2CNEt2]) complex as a single source precursor in various plants oils acting as capping agents through their carboxylic acid functionality. The reported method reflects a facile and single-step fabrication of antimony sulphide nanorods and reveales their orthorhombic stibinite phase characterized by p-XRD. The quantification of energy dispersive X-ray spectrometric (EDS) analysis depicted an atomic ratio of approximately 2:3 for Sb: S. The morphology of nano-rods was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis and crystallize size was observed ranging 8.09–8.27 nm. The band gap calculated from absorption spectra was found to be 1.93 eV to 2.01 eV for all studied samples. The photocatalytic efficiency of synthesized nanorods evaluated by photocatalysis of Janus Green and Rose Bengal showed the dye degradation up to 99.9% in the presence of biosynthesized catalysts at different times.