Carbon Steel Corrosion In HCl Research Articles

Carbon steel corrosion in HCl in the presence of aqueous extract of Melissa Officinalis

Carbon steel corrosion in HCl in the presence of aqueous extract of Melissa Officinalis

Experimental and theoretical investigation of inhibition behavior of 2-((4-(dimethylamino)benzylidene)amino)benzenethiol for carbon steel in HCl solution

2-((4-(dimethylamino) benzylidene)amino)benzenethiol (DBB) compound has been synthesized and tested for prevention of carbon steel corrosion in HCl at different temperatures. The research was carried out using electrochemical and microscopic techniques. Extended tests were conducted at 25 °C while short-term tests were performed at 25 °C and 55 °C. The inhibition efficiency increased with increasing temperature and increasing immersion time. Temperature rise changed the inhibitor's adsorption character. Activation parameters Ea, ΔHa* and ΔSa* were evaluated and discussed. Inhibition properties of DBB was investigated by quantum chemical calculation at wB97XD/6-311+G(d) level in water in a bid to predict DBB interaction with metal.

Adsorption and inhibition mechanism of (Z)-4-((4-methoxybenzylidene)amino)-5-methyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione on carbon steel corrosion in HCl: Experimental and theoretical insights

Although the number of reported corrosion inhibitors has increased steeply in recent years, global corrosion damages raised the need for highly effective, new promising compounds for corrosion protection of metals and their alloys. Herein, chemical and electrochemical testing methods like weight loss, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) measurements were applied to evaluate the inhibition performance and adsorption mechanism of (Z)-4-((4-methoxybenzylidene)amino)-5-methyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione (2C) against carbon steel (CS) corrosion 1.0 M HCl. Together, electrochemical results and morphological evidence from scanning electron microscope (SEM) demonstrated that, in the presence of 2C, the inhibition efficiency reaches a maximum of 86% at 10−3, forming a compact protective layer on CS surface. On the other hand, corrosion inhibition decreases a little with the rise of the temperature. The investigated compound was classified as a mixed class inhibitor, affecting both anodic and cathodic reactions, while its adsorption followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and quantum chemical calculations were used to give further insights into the inhibiting action of 2C and to explain its mechanism of action. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveals an enhanced surface morphology of carbon steel after the addition of the tested compound to the electrolyte.

Synergy between Experimental and Theoretical Investigations Reveals the Anti‑Corrosion Efficiency of Imine-Chalcones

The inhibitory action of three imine-chalcones on carbon steel corrosion in HCl was investigated by theoretical and experimental methods. Quantum descriptors were calculated at the conductor-like polarizable continuum model (CPCM)-Becke-3 Parameter-Lee-Yang-Parr (B3LYP)‑D3/def2-TZVPP level allowing the prediction of efficiency inhibition ranking. Electrochemical techniques and mass loss experiments were employed to determine inhibition efficiencies and related experimental parameters. Scanning electron microscopy was employed for metal surface analysis. The N-[(1Z,2E)-1,3-diphenylprop-2-in-1-ylidene]-1-phenethylamine (IM‑F) was pointed out as the most efficient inhibitor in this group, with 96% of corrosion inhibition. Moreover, theoretical results obtained from periodic calculations for the adsorption on the Fe(110) surface corroborated the highest efficacy of IM‑F.

Evaluation of the endocarp and epicarp extract of Cereus fricii cactus as a carbon steel corrosion inhibitor

Endocarp and pericarp extracts of Cereus fricii cactus were used to inhibit carbon steel corrosion in HCl and NaCl solutions by gravimetric assays. Extracts were mechanically obtained, concentrations were fixed and characterized by phytochemical testing and FTIR analysis, and the nature of inhibition was determined by calculation of Gibbs Free Energy. It was established that the extracts have the presence of tannins, saponins, and antioxidant compounds, which was corroborated by the FTIR analysis, showing peaks of absorbance corresponding to groups OH and COOH, with the endocarp extract presenting the highest proportion. Endocarp extracts with 5% concentration showed better performance in inhibiting corrosion than extracts obtained from epicarp, with percentages of 97.71 when inhibiting HCl and 73.91% with NaCl. The presence of tannins, saponins, and antioxidant compounds in extracts of the endocarp and epicarp favour inhibition of metal corrosion.

Study of Kinetics and Inhibition Efficiency by Isoquinoline-5-Carboxaldehyde for Carbon Steel Corrosion in HCl

In this paper, a study of kinetics and inhibition efficiency by isoquinoline-5-carboxaldehyde of carbon steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid is conducted. The method of weight loss and hydrogen gas evolution was used with various inhibitor concentrations ranging from 150-450 parts per million with several temperatures from 40-60°C. Our results showed that increasing inhibitor concentrations and temperature led to an increase in the inhibition efficiency; this indicates both the adsorption of a film layer on a metal surface and the efficacy of the inhibitor by the attendance of oxygen and nitrogen atoms that have an active part in the adsorption process. In this study entropy, activation, and enthalpy energy were calculated.

Inhibition of Carbon Steel Corrosion in HCl and H2SO4 Solutions by Ethyl 2-Cyano-2-(1,3-dithian-2-ylidene) Acetate

The adsorption behaviour of Ethyl 2-cyano-2-(1,3-dithian-2-ylidene) acetate (ECDYA) on carbon steel and its inhibitive action on corrosion in 1 M HCl and 0.5 M H2SO4 aqueous solutions were examined using different corrosion evaluation methods, such as weight loss, potentiodynamic polarisation and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results obtained showed that the inhibitory character of this product increases with the concentration but this character is inversely related to the temperature. Tafel curves have revealed that this compound (ECDYA) possesses the indices of a mixed inhibitor. The inhibiting effect of this compound was interpreted through its adsorption on the metal surface. The Langmuir isotherm adequately describes the process of adsorption of the ECDYA molecules on the surface of the steel in this medium. The experimental results revealed that ECDYA restrains the corrosion reaction in both acidic environments, the inhibition efficiency being stronger in H2SO4 than in HCl. The discussion of kinetic and thermodynamic parameters such as activation energy, enthalpy, entropy and adsorption free energy has also been the subject of this work. Quantum chemical parameters were calculated and discussed.

Cinnamaldehyde as a Green Inhibitor in Mitigating AISI 1015 Carbon Steel Corrosion in HCl

This communication reports the inhibitive attributes of cinnamaldehyde mitigating corrosion of AISI 1015 carbon steel in HCl (10% w/w) medium. The mild steel coupons were exposed in HCl medium with and without the presence of cinnamaldehyde. Following the exposure, the samples were analyzed for weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization responses, and postmortem surface characterization. The optimal cinnamaldehyde dose and inhibition efficiency were found to be 200 ppm and 95.36%, respectively. The inhibition was assumed to be mainly due to the adsorption of cinnamaldehyde on the metal surface, which followed the Langmuir isotherm. The temperature effects (25– $$85\,{^{\circ }}\hbox {C}$$ ) data suggested that the binding affinity of cinnamaldehyde on the metal surface was strong. The moderate rise of inhibition efficiency was associated with the chemical adsorption. The value of activation energy $$(E_{\mathrm{a}})$$ obtained was found to be lower than that the value obtained in the inhibitor-free HCl solution. The polarization measurements showed that the inhibitor was virtually mixed type with reduction of cathodic and anodic current densities. The inhibition efficiency, calculated from weight loss and potentiodynamic polarization, was found to be in good agreement with the literature. Scanning electron microscope observations confirmed the existence of a protective adsorbed film of the inhibitor on the metal surface.

Corrosion behavior of carbon steel in HCl solution by Fe and Cr complexes with a Schiff-base ligand derived from salicylaldehyde and 2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethanol

A comparative study of Fe and Cr complexes with a Schiff-base ligand (1-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-2-(salicylideneamino)ethane) as inhibitors for carbon steel corrosion in 0.5 M HCl solution at 25°C was carried out. Corrosion measurements based on the weight loss method, potentiodynamic polarization curves, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) indicate that Fe complex, in most cases, accelerates carbon steel corrosion in HCl while Cr complex act as moderately inhibitor. The UV-visible and the attenuated total reflectance–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) studies of the electrode surface confirmed existence of an adsorbed film of the complexes on the electrode surface. Adsorption of Cr complex obeys the Langmuir adsorption isotherm with a very low value of free energy of adsorption ΔG° (physisorption). Cr complex acts as mixed type inhibitor, with the dominanting effect on the anodic dissolution of iron. The mechanism of adsorption is discussed and it is concluded that the adsorbed chloride ions on the metal surface could be stabilized in theiranionic form by hydrogen bonding of oxygen and nitrogen atoms in the tail of the complexes, like a crab-claw. The accelerating properties of Fe complex could be due to the formation of non adherent and/or soluble complex that is readily removed from the metal surface.

Study of the inhibiting effect of a quaternary ammonium surfactants mixture synthesized from petroleum fraction (reformate) against the carbon steel corrosion in HCl 1 M

Quaternary ammonium cationic surfactants were synthesized from reformate, a liquid mixture of hydrocarbons (aromatics, naphthenes and paraffins), via chloromethylation/quaternization sequences. The petroleum surfactants thus obtained were evaluated as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in 1 M HCl, by gravimetry, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The corrosion inhibiting efficiency was assessed as functions of surfactant concentration. The results showed that the inhibiting efficiency increased with surfactant concentration; its optimal value of 70 % was for a surfactant concentration of 320 mg/L at 25 °C. Potentiodynamic polarization measurements showed that the mixture acts as a mixed type inhibitor. The corrosion inhibiting mechanism is thought to proceed via an adsorption of the surfactant molecules on the steel surface, generating a film and hindering the active sites. Our experimental adsorption data were found to obey the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. SEM images of the treated specimens, revealing the likely formation of a protective film, demonstrated the inhibiting capacity of the petroleum quaternary ammonium surfactants against the carbon steel corrosion.