Carbon Nitride Nanotubes Research Articles

Selective Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2 to CO Mediated by Silver Single Atoms Anchored on Tubular Carbon Nitride.

Artificial photosynthesis is a promising strategy for converting carbon dioxide (CO2 ) and water (H2 O) into fuels and value-added chemical products. However, photocatalysts usually suffered from low activity and product selectivity due to the sluggish dynamic transfer of photoexcited charge carriers. Herein, we describe anchoring of Ag single atoms on hollow porous polygonal C3 N4 nanotubes (PCN) to form the photocatalyst Ag1 @PCN with Ag-N3 coordination for CO2 photoreduction using H2 O as the reductant. The as-synthesized Ag1 @PCN exhibits a high CO production rate of 0.32 μmol h-1 (mass of catalyst: 2 mg), a high selectivity (>94 %), and an excellent stability in the long term. Experiments and density functional theory (DFT) reveal that the strong metal-support interactions (Ag-N3 ) favor *CO2 adsorption, *COOH generation and desorption, and accelerate dynamic transfer of photoexcited charge carriers between C3 N4 and Ag single atoms, thereby accounting for the enhanced CO2 photoreduction activity with a high CO selectivity. This work provides a deep insight into the important role of strong metal-support interactions in enhancing the photoactivity and CO selectivity of CO2 photoreduction.

Selective Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2 to CO Mediated by Silver Single Atoms Anchored on Tubular Carbon Nitride

AbstractArtificial photosynthesis is a promising strategy for converting carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) into fuels and value‐added chemical products. However, photocatalysts usually suffered from low activity and product selectivity due to the sluggish dynamic transfer of photoexcited charge carriers. Herein, we describe anchoring of Ag single atoms on hollow porous polygonal C3N4 nanotubes (PCN) to form the photocatalyst Ag1@PCN with Ag−N3 coordination for CO2 photoreduction using H2O as the reductant. The as‐synthesized Ag1@PCN exhibits a high CO production rate of 0.32 μmol h−1 (mass of catalyst: 2 mg), a high selectivity (>94 %), and an excellent stability in the long term. Experiments and density functional theory (DFT) reveal that the strong metal–support interactions (Ag−N3) favor *CO2 adsorption, *COOH generation and desorption, and accelerate dynamic transfer of photoexcited charge carriers between C3N4 and Ag single atoms, thereby accounting for the enhanced CO2 photoreduction activity with a high CO selectivity. This work provides a deep insight into the important role of strong metal–support interactions in enhancing the photoactivity and CO selectivity of CO2 photoreduction.

Electronic and energy level structural engineering of graphitic carbon nitride nanotubes with B and S co-doping for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

The ideal photocatalyst used for photocatalytic water splitting requires strong light absorption, fast charge separation/transfer ability and abundant active sites. Heteroatom doping offers a promising and rational approach to optimize the photocatalytic activity. However, achieving high photocatalytic performance remains challenging if just relying on single-element doping. Herein, Boron (B) and sulfur (S) dopants are simultaneously introduced into graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanotubes by supramolecular self­assembly strategy. The developed B and S co-doped g-C3N4 nanotubes (B,S-TCN) exhibited an outstanding photocatalytic performance in the conversion of H2O into H2 (9.321 mmol g−1h−1), and the corresponding external quantum efficiency (EQE) reached 5.3% under the irradiation of λ = 420 nm. It is well evidenced by the closely combined experimental and (density functional theory) DFT calculations: (1) the introduction of B dopants can facilitate H2O adsorption and drive interatomic electron transfer, leading to efficient water splitting reaction. (2) S dopants can stretch the VB position to promote the oxidation ability of g-C3N4, which can accelerate the consumption of holes and thus inhibit the recombination with electrons. (3) the simultaneous introduction of B and S can engineer the electronic and energy level structural of g-C3N4 for optimizing interior charge transfer. Finally, the purpose of maximizing photocatalytic performance is achieved.

Enhanced electron transfer-based nonradical activation of peroxymonosulfate by CoNx sites anchored on carbon nitride nanotubes for the removal of organic pollutants

The nonradical pathway selectively oxidizes pollutants with less interference from environmental factors, which can effectively improve the environmental suitability of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation. Herein, a Co-doped nanotubular carbon nitride catalyst (Co-CNNT) based on CoNx sites was constructed for stable and efficient PMS activation with a better specific surface area, number of CoNx sites, and electron transfer capability than Co-doped lamellar carbon nitride catalyst (Co-CN). Co-CNNT improved PMS utilization efficiency (∼50%) and enhanced the contribution of the electron transfer pathway to tetracycline (TET) degradation. The enhanced ability of Co-CNNT to adsorb PMS leads to Co-CNNT–PMS* generated by PMS at the CoNx site, which raises the Co-CNNT surface potential and allows PMS to be activated in a manner that captured electrons. Thus, the Co-CNNT/PMS system could effectively destroy electron-rich or low-potential pollutants within 24 min. The stronger environmental adaptability allows it to maintain catalytic activity in complex aqueous matrices, achieving effective oxidation of diluted tetracycline-based pharmaceutical wastewater. This paper reveals the effects of carbon nitride morphology control strategies on the properties of CoNx active sites and PMS activation mechanisms, providing new insights into the induction of nonradical PMS activation pathways.

A detailed experimental comparison on the hydrogen storage ability of different forms of graphitic carbon nitride (bulk, nanotubes and sheets) with multiwalled carbon nanotubes

The reversible hydrogen storage of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanotubes at room temperature was first studied through experimental methods in this work and was compared to multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), bulk g-C3N4, and g-C3N4 nanosheets. Compared with MWCNT which had a similar specific surface area around 60 m2/g, g-C3N4 nanotubes had a higher room temperature hydrogen storage capacity up from 0.46 wt% for MWCNT to 0.78 wt%. This value for the g-C3N4 nanotubes was also higher than the hydrogen storage capacity of bulk g-C3N4 (0.51 wt%) and g-C3N4 nanosheets (0.73 wt%), even though g-C3N4 nanosheets had the highest specific surface area of 161 m2/g. Temperature programming desorption (TPD) was applied to study the desorption behaviours and it was found that chemisorption contributed to the relative high storage capacity of g-C3N4 nanotubes.

First-Principle Studies of the Structural, Electronic, and Optical Properties of Double-Walled Carbon Boron Nitride Nanostructures Heterosystem under Various Interwall Distances

Structural, electronic, and optical properties of a new combined system of carbon and boron nitride nanotubes are studied using the DFT first principles as implemented in Quantum ESPRESSO codes. The corrections to the quasi-particle energies were studied via GW hybrid functional implemented in the YAMBO code within the many-body perturbation theory. The studies were performed under different interwall distances of 3.0 nm, 2.5 nm, and 1.5 nm between CNTs and BNNTs. The results showed that the structural properties demonstrated high stability of the double-walled carbon boron nitride nanotube (DWCBNNT) systems under interwall distance (IWD) of 3.00 nm, 2.50 nm, and 1.50 nm. Results also demonstrated an inverse variation between the IWD and the diameter of the DWCBNNT system. In terms of the electronic properties, all three configurations of the DWCBNNTs reveal semiconducting behavior under KS-DFT showing a direct band gap of 3.30 eV, 1.79 eV, and 0.81 eV under IWD of 3.0 nm, 2.5 nm, and 1.5 nm, respectively. Furthermore, the band gap of the DWCBNNT increases with an increase in IWD (decrease in inner tube diameter) and decreases with a decrease in IWD (increase in inner tube diameter). In all three cases, the bands are formed by the molecular orbitals of the armchair CBNNT which are transformed to a series of continuous energy levels; the behaviors of electrons that formed the heterostructure are related to the behavior of electrons in B, C, and N atoms. From the optical properties perspective, the studies were conducted in parallel and perpendicular directions to the nanotubes’ axes. The presence of static dielectric functions in parallel direction at 3.3, 3.4, and 4.5 for nanotubes under 3.0 nm, 2.5 nm, and 1.5 nm demonstrated optical refraction. Refractions were also observed in directions perpendicular to the nanotubes. Furthermore, optical reflections occur when there is a higher absorption. The ability of these CBNNT hybrid systems to refract in all directions revealed the most exciting properties of the armchair CBNNT suitable to be used in magnifying glass materials. The findings further imply that the optical absorption coefficient is inversely related to the diameter of the nanotubes and is directly correlated to the band gap.

In-situ growth of MoS2 nanosheets on g-C3N4 nanotube: A novel electrochemical sensing platform for vanillin determination in food samples

The molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) based nanomaterials show outstanding catalytic performance in many electrochemical sensing applications with improved catalytic and electrochemical properties. Novel electrocatalyst developments and their application for food additives monitoring are of significant interest. In this work, we have developed a novel synthesis protocol for graphitic carbon nitride nanotubes decorated MoS2 composite (g-C3N4 NTs@MoS2) using the hydrothermal method and evaluated its electrochemical sensing performance towards vanillin (VN) determination. The electrochemical sensor was accomplished at various electrolytes and optimized parameters to get an enhanced current signal for VN detection. Under the optimized conditions, the sensor obtained wide linear ranges (0.005-458.9 µM), low limit of detection (LOD, 4 nM), and excellent sensitivity (3.48 μA μM−1 cm−2) using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Moreover, the practical applicability of the developed sensor was also successfully evaluated in food samples with an excellent recovery rate.

Microstructure regulation of graphitic carbon nitride nanotubes via quick thermal polymerization process for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

Among multitudinous photocatalytic materials, graphite carbonitride (g-C3N4) has been widely explored as a new photocatalyst. The g-C3N4 nanotubes with hollow one-dimensional structure can promote carrier migration along the one-dimensional direction, thereby improving the electron-hole separation efficiency, which has always been a hot spot. However, the collapse of nanotubes in long-term thermal polymerization process leads to the decline of photocatalytic performance, which is expected to be further optimized. Herein, we report g-C3N4 nanotubes (TCN) through short time thermal polymerization to ensure the integrity of g-C3N4 skeleton. And the influence of thermal temperature on the internal formation mechanism of nanotube morphology is investigated. Combined with the unique hollow tube structure and complete framework, the migration of photogenerated carriers is significantly accelerated and the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance is improved more than 7 times compared with the original g-C3N4. This work provides novel insights into the preparation of g-C3N4 nanotubes for photocatalytic applications.

Preparation of carbon nitride nanotubes with P-doping and their photocatalytic properties for hydrogen evolution

Various carbon nitride (C3N4) materials show great potential as an eco-friendly, visible-light-active photocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). In this work, a new route to produce one-dimensional (1D) P-doped carbon nitride nanotubes is developed via supramolecular self-assembly. The nanotubes are produced by thermal condensation of melamine and cyanuric acid. The addition of an ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate) improves the uniformity of the nanotubes. It is revealed that the C3N4 nanotubes are formed by thermal condensation of rod-shaped intermediates. The nanotubes show an excellent photocatalytic HER activity under visible light irradiation and are a superior catalyst to 3D C3N4 samples. From thorough structural and photophysical characterizations, it is found that the nanotubes contain larger surface areas, more amine bridges, better crystallinity, and more visible-light-absorption ability than control samples. These structural features are reasons for the enhanced photocatalytic performance.

Dual Defective K-Doping and Cyano Group Sites on Carbon Nitride Nanotubes for Improved Hydrogen Photo-Production

In this work, dual defective potassium (K) doping and cyano group sites have been introduced into carbon nitride (CN) with various morphologies by a co-condensation method for highly efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production. The photocatalysts with potassium doping and inserted cyano groups display higher photocatalytic activity of hydrogen evolution under visible light irradiation in contrast to undoped bulk CN, CN nanosheets, and CN nanotubes. Potassium-doped CN nanotubes present the greatest hydrogen generation yield of 2.11 mmol g–1 h–1 with an apparent quantum efficiency of 5.28% at 420 nm, which is about 2.0 and 40 times that of K-incorporated bulk CN and the bare CN nanotubes, respectively. Benefiting from uniformly distributed potassium ions, the introduction of cyano groups, and the one-dimensional tubular structure of CN nanotubes, the resultant K-doped CN nanotubes have new charge transfer paths between potassium ions and adjacent heptazine units, accelerating photogenerated carrier transfer and enhanced photoreduction ability, thereby improving the photocatalytic performance. This study presents a reliable method for element doping of CN with various morphologies to photocatalytic hydrogen evolution through water splitting.

Electron transfer mechanism that Ti3C2 regulates Cl-doped carbon nitride nanotube: Realizing efficient photocatalytic decarbonization and denitrification in wastewater

In this work, we prepared Cl-doped g-C3N4 nanotube composite Ti3C2 (Cl-TCN@TC) photocatalyst for the first time by electrostatic self-assembly method, which has great advantages in decarbonization and denitrification of wastewater. Cl-TCN@TC-2 showed good removal effect on tetracycline (TC, 91.08 %) and p-nitrophenol (p-NP, 70.92 %). The degradation kinetic constants of TC in pre-20 min and p-NP in 120 min by Cl-TCN@TC-2 were 28.8 and 29.0 times higher than those of CN. The COD removal rates of domestic sewage and oilfield produced water by Cl-TCN@TC-2 reached 54.2 % and 64.8 %. After adding 2 mM HCOOH, the nitrate (NO3–) degradation rate of Cl-TCN@TC-2 reached 50.24 %, which is 12.62 times that of CN, and the N2 selectivity was 92.46 %. The addition of HCOOH will produce •CO2– to assisted the photocatalytic denitrification. DFT calculations show that under visible light irradiation, the electrons (e-) on Ti3C2 will transfer to the valence band (VB) of Cl-TCN and combine with photoinduced-holes (h+), while the photoinduced-e- in the VB will be transferred to its conduction band (CB), realizing the separation of photogenerated e--h+ pairs. This kind of e- transfer pathway has been rarely reported in previous studies. With this e- transfer property of Cl-TCN@TC, a large amount of •O2– is generated on the surface of Cl-TCN, which determines that Cl-TCN@TC has higher photocatalytic activity. In the process of denitrification, the e- in the Cl-TCN CB transfers to the O atom and break the NO bond of NO3–, which greatly improves the denitrification performance of Cl-TCN@TC.

Construction atomic-level N-P charge transfer channel for boosted CO2 photoreduction

Efficient conversion of CO2 to high value-added chemical products is a promising strategy for achieving carbon neutrality. Although the photocatalyst technique has been made widespread researched, highly efficient photoreduction CO2 with metal-free photocatalysts remains a challenge. Herein, we report a zero-dimensional black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs)-decorated one-dimensional carbon nitride nanotubes (CNNT) photocatalyst that reduces CO2 to CO with a rate of 44.6 μmol g–1 h–1, which is better than the similar photocatalysts and pristine carbon nitride nanotubes. Synchrotron radiation XAFS measurements substantiate the construction of N-P electron transfer channels within BPQDs and CNNT. Time-resolved PL spectrum demonstrates the faster separated electron hole pairs. In situ irradiated X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirms the photogenerated-electron flow trend and the active site of photocatalytic reaction. Moreover, the main intermediate *COOH is verified by in situ FT-IR characterization which is corresponding to the previous research. The construction of atomic-level N-P charge transfer channel efficiently facilitates the charge transfer and accelerates the catalytic rate. This work provides a novel insight into the design of BPQDs-anchoring heterostructures for photocatalytic CO2 reduction.

Constructing direct Z-scheme heterojunctions of defective MoS2-v on carbon nitride nanotubes for high-performance hydrogen peroxide production and iron-free photo-Fenton-like reactions over a wide pH range

In this work, we first applied molybdenum disulfide with S vacancy (MoS2-v) /carbon nitride nanotube (TCN) composite (MoS2-v/TCN) to drive the iron-free photo-Fenton-like reaction. The well-designed band structure enables MoS2-v/TCN to construct direct Z-scheme heterostructures, realizing the rapid separation of photoinduced-e− and h+, and effectively improving the photocatalytic efficiency of MoS2-v/TCN. DFT calculation showed that Z-scheme heterojunction greatly reduced the energy barrier for generating *OOH and *HO2–, affording MoS2/TCN high performance and stability toward H2O2 generation (pure water: 254.8–269.9 μmol·g−1·h−1, 10 % isopropanol: 1879 μmol·g−1·h−1) over a wide pH range (3–9). The photoinduced-e− and Mo4+ on the surface of MoS2-v/TCN rapidly converted H2O2 in situ to strong oxidizing •OH, realizing the efficient degradation of organic pollutants and rapid inactivation of bacteria. This work provides a new approach to solving the technical bottlenecks in traditional Fenton oxidation via synthesizing multifunctional heterojunction for in situ H2O2 generation and activation.

Photocatalytic RGO membrane with carbon nitride nanotube intercalation for enhanced wastewater purification

Graphene oxide (GO) has a great potential to be prepared as the membrane separation material because of its interlayer structure. While, low permeability and fouling issues restrict further applications of GO membrane. In this study, a novel photocatalytic self-cleaning graphene oxide (GO) membrane was synthesized via combination with g-C3N4 nanofillers and polydopamine (PDA). Here, g-C3N4 acted as the roles of expanding the interlayer structure and providing the photocatalytic active sites. The GO composites and corresponding membranes were characterized. A series of membrane separation experiments indicated that due to the intercalation of g-C3N4, a pure water flux (PWF) of RGO/PDA/g-C3N4 composite membrane was 98.72 L·m-2·h-1, which had enhanced 116.87% in comparison to RGO/PDA membrane. Also, the photocatalytic degradation experiments revealed the RGO/PDA/g-C3N4 composite membrane was equipped with a superior photocatalytic degradation capacity towards methylene blue (MB) and rhodamine b (RhB) solutions. Moreover, the RGO/PDA/g-C3N4 composite membrane possessed certain continuous filtration performance with stable rejections towards dyes solutions under light irradiation for 50 min. Meanwhile, due to the assemble of photocatalytic active sites on the GO membrane, it was endowed an excellent recycle performance for 5 cycles with the rejection of 96.5% for MB aqueous solution. Hence, it can be expected that the GO membrane prepared in this study posed a great application potential in wastewater treatment.

Recent Advances in the Spintronic Application of Carbon-Based Nanomaterials.

The term "carbon-based spintronics" mostly refers to the spin applications in carbon materials such as graphene, fullerene, carbon nitride, and carbon nanotubes. Carbon-based spintronics and their devices have undergone extraordinary development recently. The causes of spin relaxation and the characteristics of spin transport in carbon materials, namely for graphene and carbon nanotubes, have been the subject of several theoretical and experimental studies. This article gives a summary of the present state of research and technological advancements for spintronic applications in carbon-based materials. We discuss the benefits and challenges of several spin-enabled, carbon-based applications. The advantages include the fact that they are significantly less volatile than charge-based electronics. The challenge is in being able to scale up to mass production.

Synergistic effect of gold NPs modified graphitic carbon nitride nanotubes (g-CNT) with the role of hot electrons and hole scavengers for boosting solar hydrogen production

The efficient and selective photocatalysts for the evolution of hydrogen are highly demanding, however, many semiconductors are complex in nature and have lower photocatalytic efficiency. This is because of their small exposed surface area, poor light penetration, and unregulated charge recombination rate. Herein, well-designed graphitic carbon nitride with hierarchical nanotextures loaded with plasmonic gold (Au) nanoparticles has been investigated for stimulating photocatalytic H2 evolution. Hole scavengers, diffusion effects, duration, and mass transfer were used to evaluate the photoactivity activity in a slurry type continuous flow photoreactor system. Due to better charge carrier separation and enhanced light permeability, H2 evolution was boosted by two times when bulk g-C3N4 structure was alternated with graphitic carbon nitride nanotubes (g-CNT). The maximum H2 generation rate was 455 μmol g−1 h−1 with 0.3% Au/g-CNT nanotexture, which was 17.8 and 8.9 times greater than utilizing g-C3N4 and g-CNT samples, respectively. The key factors influencing this improvement in photoactivity were the unique interlayer opening, higher light penetration, more light utilization due to plasmonic effect, enhanced surface reactive active sites, and decreased charge carrier recombination. The hot electrons due to plasmonic gold was another important feature to promote H2 evolution rate under solar energy. It is possible to employ these freshly developed nanotextures, which have a gold plasmonic effect, for solar energy conversion and other energy-related applications.

Electronic, mechanical, and optical properties of BP nanotubes: A first-principles study

The electronic, mechanical, and optical properties of (3,3), (5,5), (7,7) and (9,9) armchair and (4,0), (6,0), (8,0), (10,0) and (12,0) zigzag boron phosphide nanotubes (BPNT’s) have been investigated using density functional theory calculations. We find that, with the exception of the (5,5) nanotube, they are direct band gap semiconductors, as the BP monolayer. The (3,3) and (4,0) nanotubes are verified to be unstable through phonon band structure calculations. The 1D stretching moduli and elastic moduli show that the BP NT’s are as stiff as carbon nanotubes of comparable diameters. The absorption spectra of the BP nanotubes have thresholds in the visible region, differently from carbon and boron nitride nanotubes of comparable dimensions.

Synthesis of B[sbnd]C[sbnd]N nanotubes by CVD method and their electrochemical performance towards supercapacitors

Energy transition to renewables necessitate efficient energy storage systems such as super capacitors. Hence Boron carbon nitride (BCN) nanotubes were synthesized using CVD technique at 800, 900 and 1000 °C, using N-Dimethyl formamide and trimethyl borate as precursors and ferrocene as the catalyst. Increase in CVD temperature from 800 to 1000 °C increased the conductance and specific capacitance. Supercapacitor device fabricated with BCN synthesized at 1000 °C showed specific capacitance of 68.125F/g, energy density of 1.51 Wh/Kg, energy efficiency of 53.17 % and power density of 100 W/Kg. It retained 73.6 % of initial capacitance for 1000 charge/discharge cycles.

Molecular engineering of atomically dispersed Fe-N4 and Cu-N4 dual-sites in carbon nitride nanotubes for rechargeable zinc–air batteries

Metal–nitrogen–carbon (M–N–C) electrocatalysts have emerged as promising oxygen electrocatalysts with the excessive catalytically active M–Nx sites. However, M–Nx sites are not easy to be preserved at elevated temperature of pyrolysis step. Here, we show that a supercritical fluid with a fast reaction kinetics allows us to synthesize a high-purity carbon nitride nanotube filled with the iron and copper phthalocyanine nanorods as a bi-functional oxygen electrocatalyst. The well-preserved Fe–N4 and Cu–N4 sites inside of carbon nitride nanotubes are clearly observed by the systematic analysis. In addition, we investigate the synergistic effect of atomically dispersed Fe-N4 and Cu-N4 dual-atom catalysts inside the carbon nitride nanotube. The prepared sample exhibits the half-wave potential of 0.94 V for oxygen reduction reaction and the potential of 1.65 V at 10 mA cm−2 for oxygen evolution reaction. Further, we fabricate rechargeable zinc-air batteries with the dual-atomic catalyst, which show better bi-functional activities than the mixture of Pt/C and IrO2 under high depth of discharge (DOD) of ∼32.6% (12 h per cycle) for the zinc-air batteries. Finally, the in-situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy analysis during ORR and OER reactions revealed the catalytic origin of the FCN4–CNNT, providing a new insight into the development of efficient oxygen electrocatalysts.

Ultrastable 2D material-wrapped copper nanowires for high-performance flexible and transparent energy devices

Wrapping metallic nanomaterials with two-dimensional (2D) materials can significantly improve the physical properties required for various electronic and catalytic applications. However, synthesizing 2D material-wrapped metal nanowires with highly organized shell morphology is still difficult because of their large surface area and high aspect ratio. We propose a simple and practical method for synthesizing 2D material-wrapped copper nanowires (CuNWs) with highly organized shell morphology by using 2D quantum dot (QD) assembly and flash light irradiation under low temperature and non-vacuum conditions. A uniform and thin layer of QDs comprising 2D material such as graphene or hexagonal boron nitride is constructed on the CuNW by using a solution process. The 2D QD-wrapped CuNW is then subjected to flash light irradiation to realize highly organized shell morphology. Microstructural observations showed that the flash light irradiation reconstructs the shell structure and improves crystal quality without structural deformation. The 2D material-wrapped CuNWs were used to fabricate transparent conducting electrodes (TCEs) exhibited outstanding oxidation stability, chemical stability, and mechanical durability. These TCEs were applied to realize high-performance transparent supercapacitors and heaters. In particular, the transparent supercapacitors based on the graphene-wrapped CuNW TCE demonstrated excellent capacitive behavior under acidic electrolyte conditions. They showed the highest areal capacitance (18.97 mF cm−2) compared to other metal nanowire-based transparent supercapacitors. Finally, a novel method for fabricating carbon and boron nitride nanotubes by wet-etching the core CuNW of the 2D material-wrapped CuNWs was successfully developed.