Carbon Nanoframes Research Articles

Hierarchically porous adamantane-shaped carbon nanoframes

A new type of hollow carbon material consisting of adamantane-shaped, hierarchically micro- and macro-porous N-doped carbon nanoframes was prepared by exploiting selective etching and pseudomorphic thermal conversion of ZIF-8, which showed superior adsorption performance for large dye molecules as well as electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction.

A designed synthesis of multifunctional carbon nanoframes for simultaneous imaging and synergistic chemo-photothermal cancer therapy

A simple synthetic route was developed to fabricate mesoporous carbon nanoframes for simultaneous photoacoustic imaging and synergistic chemo-photothermal cancer therapy.

Substrate-Assisted in Situ Confinement Pyrolysis of Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks to Nitrogen-Doped Hierarchical Porous Carbon Nanoframes with Superior Lithium Storage.

Porous carbons generated from the direct pyrolysis of metal organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown great potential as a kind of promising electrode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, several common drawbacks, such as the inevitable structural damage during carbonization process and intrinsic micropore-dominated feature of MOFs-derived products, largely impede the exposure of active sites and mass transfer, thus usually resulting in inferior electrochemical performances. In this work, an effective and controllable approach was reported to construct nitrogen-doped hierarchical porous carbon nanoframes (N-HPCFs) through in situ pyrolysis transformation of small-sized zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) that are in advance combined with a two-dimensional substrate templated from g-C3N4. Using this strategy, numerous ZIFs derived carbon nanoparticles appear to be well arranged on surfaces of a hollow carbon nanoplatelet produced by the adopted substrate after calcination, and the corresponding final product shows great improvements on both structural stability and pore distribution compared with that from direct pyrolysis of monodispersed ZIFs without the substrate. As expected, when used as the anode material for LIBs, the N-HPCFs electrode exhibits a high lithium storage capacity with good cycle stability (651 mAh g-1 after 400 cycles at the current density of 1 A g-1) and outstanding rate capability. Such enhanced electrochemical performances can be well ascribed to the stable frame structure as well as highly developed transport pathways for ions and electrons. So the synthetic strategy presented in this paper may pave a new way for the further application of ZIFs-based materials.

Zinc‐Air Batteries: NiFe Layered Double Hydroxide Nanoparticles on Co,N‐Codoped Carbon Nanoframes as Efficient Bifunctional Catalysts for Rechargeable Zinc–Air Batteries (Adv. Energy Mater. 21/2017)

Zinc‐Air Batteries: NiFe Layered Double Hydroxide Nanoparticles on Co,N‐Codoped Carbon Nanoframes as Efficient Bifunctional Catalysts for Rechargeable Zinc–Air Batteries (Adv. Energy Mater. 21/2017)

3D carbon nanoframe scaffold-immobilized Ni3FeN nanoparticle electrocatalysts for rechargeable zinc-air batteries’ cathodes

Rechargeable zinc-air batteries are attracting enormous attention owing to their extremely high specific energy densities. However, their large scale deployment hinges on the discovery of cheap and efficient electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Herein, the successful synthesis of a bifunctional hybrid electrocatalyst capable of driving both OER and ORR is reported, comprising Co,N-codoped carbon nanoframes (Co,N-CNF) decorated with 14nm Ni3FeN particles, in which the Co,N-codoped carbon nanoframe (Co,N-CNF) with ORR activity was introduced as a scaffold to disperse the precursors and mitigate their further aggregation. The Ni3FeN/Co,N-CNF hybrid afforded remarkable OER activity (overpotential of 0.27V, superior to IrO2) and excellent ORR performance (half-wave potential of 0.81V vs RHE, superior to Pt/C), the origins of which can be traced to the inherent activities of the metallic Ni3FeN nanoparticles and Co,N-CNF support, respectively. Cathodes made from the Ni3FeN/Co,N-CNF electrocatalyst demonstrated superior efficiency and durability to state-of-the-art Pt/C+IrO2 electrocatalysts in both primary and rechargeable zinc-air batteries, showcasing the versatility of the newly developed Ni3FeN/Co,N-CNF electrocatalyst system.

Well-Defined ZIF-Derived Fe-N Codoped Carbon Nanoframes as Efficient Oxygen Reduction Catalysts.

A series of ZIF-derived Fe-N codoped carbon materials with a well-defined morphology, high surface area, tunable sizes and porous nanoframe structure was successfully prepared by synthesizing Fe-doped ZIF-8 through the assembly of Zn2+ ions with 2-methylimidazole in the presence of iron(III) acetylacetonate, followed by pyrolysis at a high temperature and in an Ar atmosphere. The prepared optimum catalyst materials exhibited excellent activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and outstanding durability in both acidic and alkaline solutions. We found that Fe doping during the ZIF-8 synthesis stage was crucial to achieve the materials' well-defined morphology, tunable size, good particle dispersion, and high performance. XPS revealed that Fe doping greatly enhanced the fractions of graphitic-N and pyridinic-N and decreased the fraction of oxidized-N. We suggest that the porosity and high surface area of the nanoframe structure originated from the metal-organic frameworks, the high dispersion of Fe in the nanoframe, and the enhanced proportions of active N species, all of which were responsible for the materials' significantly enhanced ORR performance.

Carbon Nanoframes: Well‐Dispersed ZIF‐Derived Co,N‐Co‐doped Carbon Nanoframes through Mesoporous‐Silica‐Protected Calcination as Efficient Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts (Adv. Mater. 8/2016)

Carbon Nanoframes: Well‐Dispersed ZIF‐Derived Co,N‐Co‐doped Carbon Nanoframes through Mesoporous‐Silica‐Protected Calcination as Efficient Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts (Adv. Mater. 8/2016)

A cobalt-based hybrid electrocatalyst derived from a carbon nanotube inserted metal–organic framework for efficient water-splitting

A Co-based hybrid electrocatalyst with a N-doped carbon nanoframe composed of hollow Co NPs interlinked by CNTs is synthesized by annealing CNT inserted ZIF-67. This resultant unique 3D hybrid with highly exposed active sites and good conductivity exhibits superior performance for overall water-splitting.

Well-Dispersed ZIF-Derived Co,N-Co-doped Carbon Nanoframes through Mesoporous-Silica-Protected Calcination as Efficient Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysts.

A well-dispersed Co,N co-doped carbon nanoframework (Co,N-CNF) with hierarchically porous structure is successfully synthesized from zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) precursors via a mesoporous-silica-protected calcination strategy. By preventing the irreversible fusion and aggregation during the high-temperature pyrolysis step with this protection strategy, the Co,N-CNF exhibits comparable oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalytic activity to that of commercial Pt catalysts with the same loading.