Carbon Monoxide Research Articles

Multi‐aspect assessment and multi‐objective optimization of preheated tallow biodiesel‐diesel blend as alternate fuel in CI engine

AbstractThis study meticulously examined the impact of preheated tallow biodiesel on the performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine. Employing a single‐cylinder, water‐cooled diesel engine configured with exhaust gas recirculation in this investigation, exhaust gas temperature (EGT) could be used to preheat the biodiesel, reducing its viscosity and density. This improvement in viscosity and density could enhance the injection process, which is often hindered by the higher density and viscosity of biodiesel compared with diesel fuel. The investigation achieved a peak preheat temperature of 70°C for the biodiesel, leading to notable improvements in brake thermal efficiency and brake power, particularly under high‐load conditions. A significant reduction in emissions was observed, with hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide levels decreasing by 46.87% and 50%, respectively, when using preheated biodiesel. To refine the engine's performance further, this study utilized response surface methodology (RSM) for the optimization of operational parameters, including injection timing, engine load, and biodiesel preheat temperatures. Optimal conditions were identified at an injection timing of 21° before top dead centre, a preheat temperature of 64°C, and an engine load of 45.45% for which output response was 18.68% brake thermal efficiency, 307°C EGT, 0.0247% vol. CO, 15.32 ppm hydrocarbons, and 131.37 ppm nitrogen oxides (NOx). The successful implementation of preheated tallow biodiesel signifies a crucial step forward in the pursuit of a more sustainable and efficient transportation industry. This advancement holds the promise of reducing reliance on traditional fossil fuels, thereby contributing to the global efforts towards achieving a more environmentally friendly energy landscape.

Exploring auxotrophy and engineering vitamin B6 prototrophy in the acetogen Clostridium sp. AWRP.

The identification of auxotrophy in Clostridium sp. AWRP underpins subsequent investigations into its physiology and metabolism. Additionally, the development of a chemically defined minimal medium specific to this acetogenic bacterium will enable reproducible industrial processes. This innovation is particularly significant for the bioconversion of carbon monoxide and/or dioxide into commercially valuable chemicals through the process of gas fermentation.

Soybean yield is positively linked to organic matter, but planting date remains more influential

AbstractEstablishing connections between soil health indicators and crop performance will help ensure that tests recommended to farmers relate to outcomes of interest. This study assessed the relationship of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] yield with three common soil health indicators: soil organic matter (SOM), permanganate oxidizable carbon (POXC), and autoclaved citrate extractable nitrogen (ACE‐N). These tests were assessed alongside other factors (soil test phosphorus, soil test potassium [STK], mapped clay, planting date, summer precipitation, and location). Soil samples were collected from 457 producer‐managed fields between 2019 and 2021 in Arkansas, Michigan, North Carolina, and Wisconsin. Planting date and yield were reported by producers, while mapped clay and rainfall were determined using publicly available data. Simple linear regression was used to assess the relationship between soil health indicators and yield: the natural log of SOM and POXC were positively associated with soybean yield (R2 = 0.07, p < 0.001; R2 = 0.03, p < 0.001), while ACE‐N was not (p = 0.872). Multiple linear regression was used to further test the relationship of SOM and POXC with yield, while accounting for other factors that contribute to soybean yield. Models explained 27% of variation in yield, with significant factors including SOM or POXC, soybean planting date, STK, and mapped clay. Based on standardized coefficients, planting date was the most influential factor associated with yield. Broadly, our results indicate that improvements in yield are linked to higher SOM, but management decisions like planting early are critical for achieving high yields.

The strategy of using heme proteins and synthetic porphyrins as injectable antidotes for fire gas poisoning

Abstract During fire accidents, 2 highly toxic components of fire smoke, carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen cyanide (HCN), are produced simultaneously, and more than 50% of fire-related deaths can be attributed to the inhalation of these toxic gases. Despite the different CO and HCN detoxification mechanisms, oxygen (O2) ventilation is currently the primary clinical treatment, and no alternative methods are available at present. In this review, the toxicological mechanisms of CO and HCN are investigated with an emphasis on the toxic effects of their combination. On the basis of these toxic mechanisms, the advantages and disadvantages of the current clinical detoxification methods are analyzed and discussed. We also summarize the latest advancements in the development of CO- and HCN-scavenging antidotes, highlighting the strategy of using synthetic iron porphyrins that have been synthesized mainly in our laboratory as water-soluble synthetic hemoglobin biomimetics.

Observational study of ground-level ozone and climatic factors in Craiova, Romania, based on one-year high-resolution data.

Air pollution is a multifaceted issue affecting people's health, environment, and biodiversity. Gaining comprehension of the interactions between natural and anthropocentric pollutant concentrations and local climate is challenging. This study aims to address the following two questions: (1) What is the influential mechanism of climatic and anthropogenic factors on the ground-level ozone (O3) concentrations in an urban environment during different seasons? (2) Can the ozone weekend effect be observed in a medium-sized city like Craiova, and under which conditions? In order to answer these questions, ozone interactions with meteorological parameters (temperature, pressure, relative humidity) and pollutant concentrations (particulate matter, carbon dioxide, volatile organic compounds, formaldehyde, nitrogen dioxide, nitric oxide and carbon monoxide) is evaluated based on a one-year dataset given by a low-cost sensor and one-year dataset provided by the National Environment Agency. Using two statistical analysis programs, Python and SPSS, a good understanding of the correlations between these variables and ozone concentration is obtained. The SPSS analysis underscores the significant impact of three meteorological factors and nine other pollutants on the ozone level. A positive correlation is noticed in the summer when sunlight is intense and photochemical reactions are elevated. The relationship between temperature and ozone concentration is strong and positive, as confirmed by Spearman's rho correlation coefficient (r = 0.880). A significant negative correlation is found between relative humidity and ozone (r = -0.590). Moreover, the analysis shows that particulate matter concentrations exhibit a significant negative correlation with ozone (r ≈ -0.542), indicating that higher particulate matter concentrations reduce ozone levels. Volatile organic compounds show a significant negative correlation with ozone (r = -0.156). A negative relationship between ozone and carbon dioxide (r = -0.343), indicates that elevated carbon dioxide levels might also suppress ozone concentrations. A significant positive correlation between nitrogen dioxide and ozone (r = 0.060), highlights the role of nitrogen dioxide in the production of ozone through photochemical reactions. However, nitric oxide shows a negative correlation with ozone (r = -0.055) due to its role in ozone formation. Carbon monoxide has no statistically significant effect on ozone concentration. To observe the differences between weekdays and weekends, T-Test was used. Even though significant differences were observed in temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide, volatile organic compounds, nitrogen dioxide, nitric oxide and carbon monoxide levels between weekdays and weekends, the T-Test did not highlight a significant weekend ozone effect in a mid-sized city as Craiova. Using Python, the daily values were calculated and compared with the limit values recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and European Environment Agency (EEA). The WHO O3 recommended levels were exceeded for 13 times in one year. This study offers a comprehensive understanding of ozone pollution in a mid-sized city as Craiova, serving as a valuable reference for local decision-makers. It provides critical insights into the seasonal dynamics of ozone levels, emphasizing the significant role of temperature in ozone formation and the complex interactions between various pollutants and meteorological factors.

A detailed comparison of ethanol–diesel direct fuel blending to conventional ethanol–diesel dual-fuel combustion

Dual-fuel combustion is a well-known measure to enable the combustion of low-reactivity fuels (LRF) in compression-ignited engines with high thermal efficiency through a pilot injection of a high-reactivity fuel (HRF). In most cases, the LRF is introduced into the intake manifold and therefore premixed with the air before entering the combustion chamber during the intake stroke (premixed charge operation, PCO). In this work, this approach is investigated for bioethanol-diesel dual-fuel combustion using external and internal exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) to improve emissions and engine efficiency. In addition, PCO is compared to an alternative concept in which bioethanol and diesel are blended shortly upstream of the high-pressure pump (premixed fuel operation, PFO) at variable mixing ratios. The results show that higher ethanol shares of up to 70% can be achieved at low engine load when using PCO, while at medium and high load, the maximum energy share of ethanol is higher with PFO. While PCO is limited by engine knock, PFO rather suffers from the reduction in cetane number. In PCO, external and internal EGR allow for a reduction of unburned hydrocarbons (up to − 82%) and carbon monoxide (up to -60%), while nitrous oxide emissions are simultaneously lowered by up to − 65%. Both with and without EGR, PFO shows low emissions of unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide (similar to conventional diesel combustion) and a significant reduction in nitrous oxide and soot formation. Brake thermal efficiency (BTE) drops in both modes compared to conventional diesel combustion, in PCO operation due to unburned and partially unburned fuel and in PFO due to increased friction in the high-pressure fuel pump caused by an increased fuel flow.

Tropospheric ozone precursors: global and regional distributions, trends, and variability

Abstract. Tropospheric ozone results from in situ chemical formation and stratosphere–troposphere exchange (STE), with the latter being more important in the middle and upper troposphere than in the lower troposphere. Ozone photochemical formation is nonlinear and results from the oxidation of methane and non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) in the presence of nitrogen oxide (NOx=NO+NO2). Previous studies showed that O3 short- and long-term trends are nonlinearly controlled by near-surface anthropogenic emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and nitrogen oxides, which may also be impacted by the long-range transport (LRT) of O3 and its precursors. In addition, several studies have demonstrated the important role of STE in enhancing ozone levels, especially in the midlatitudes. In this article, we investigate tropospheric ozone spatial variability and trends from 2005 to 2019 and relate those to ozone precursors on global and regional scales. We also investigate the spatiotemporal characteristics of the ozone formation regime in relation to ozone chemical sources and sinks. Our analysis is based on remote sensing products of the tropospheric column of ozone (TrC-O3) and its precursors, nitrogen dioxide (TrC-NO2), formaldehyde (TrC-HCHO), and total column CO (TC-CO), as well as ozonesonde data and model simulations. Our results indicate a complex relationship between tropospheric ozone column levels, surface ozone levels, and ozone precursors. While the increasing trends of near-surface ozone concentrations can largely be explained by variations in VOC and NOx concentration under different regimes, TrC-O3 may also be affected by other variables such as tropopause height and STE as well as LRT. Decreasing or increasing trends in TrC-NO2 have varying effects on TrC-O3, which is related to the different local chemistry in each region. We also shed light on the contribution of NOx lightning and soil NO and nitrous acid (HONO) emissions to trends of tropospheric ozone on regional and global scales.

Implications of leaf burning for adverse respiratory conditions and release of fine particulates and air pollutants

The residential burning of leaves, brush, grass, and other forms of vegetation are major and underappreciated source of particulates smaller than 2.5 μm (PM2.5), carbon monoxide, and many other air pollutants including carcinogenic polycyclic hydrocarbons such as benzo(a)pyrene. Residential leaf burning has been linked to significantly poorer urban/suburban air quality, respiratory morbidity and mortality, serious burn injuries to people, and property damage. Other forms of biomass burning such as wildfires, wood burning, peatland wildfires, and the deliberate burning of woodlands and agricultural fields produce large amounts of air pollutants, which are somewhat similar in composition to those released from leaf burning. Leaf burning has been linked to significantly higher rates of asthma and other respiratory problems. Exposure to wildfire smoke has been linked to significantly higher rates of cancer, infections, and a wide range of health conditions including respiratory, cardiovascular, psychiatric, and reproductive problems. Leaf burning and other forms of biomass burning produce significant quantities of dark particulates that accelerate global warming. Leaf burning also presents serious risk of burn injuries to humans, wildlife, and buildings. A number of U.S. states and European Countries have imposed total state or national bans on leaf burning. In fact, many communities offer free or inexpensive community leaf pickup and composting services. Leaf composting offers many advantages over leaf burning; for instance, leaf compost is a valuable product useful for growing plants. In conclusion, homeowners, communities, and nations should compost leaves, brush, and grass clippings rather than burning them.

VOC Detection with Zinc Oxide Gas Sensors: A Review of Fabrication, Performance, and Emerging Applications

Energy‐efficient, high‐specificity gas sensors provide practical suitability for stability and response factors. The recognition of ignitable gases (methane (CH <sub>4</sub>), propane (C <sub>3</sub>H <sub>8</sub>), and hydrogen (H <sub>2</sub>) and harmful gases (carbon oxide (CO) and hydrogen sulfide (H <sub>2</sub>S)) in an enclosed and out‐of‐door space are essential to safeguard the human lives and infrastructural spaces. One of the crucial conductive‐type metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensors yielding wide applications is zinc oxide (ZnO). This study highlights the various types of ZnO gas sensors, their fabrication techniques, and specific vital characterizations. The devices based on MOS are utilized to sense various target gases through redox reactions. The variation in oxide surface with target gas interactions is transduced to a change of sensor conductance. This review also provides insight into integrating ZnO gas sensors with technologies such as materials engineering, the Internet of things and big data. Moreover, this review addresses ZnO gas sensors' challenges and future directions.

Biogenic Amine Content and Shelf-Life of Salmon Fillets Packaged in Modified Atmospheres of Low-Level Carbon Monoxide and Different Carbon Dioxide Concentrations

Biogenic Amine Content and Shelf-Life of Salmon Fillets Packaged in Modified Atmospheres of Low-Level Carbon Monoxide and Different Carbon Dioxide Concentrations

Theoretical Calculation of Dissolved Gas in Transformer Oil Using the Gas Sensitive Properties of Sc- and Ti-Modified ZrS2.

To guarantee the secure functioning of the complete power system and minimize the risks associated with oil-filled transformers during their operation, it is greatly important to carry out gas sensing studies of dissolved gases in transformer research. Through the utilization of first-principles density functional theory calculations, the adsorption energy, electronic characteristics, and recuperation duration of ZrS2 modified with Sc and Ti were examined. The results show that compared to those of the initial ZrS2 material, the doping of TM atoms Sc and Ti significantly improved the adsorption properties of the material, and the adsorption of CO and C2H4 showed chemisorption. The adsorption capacity for gases decrease in the following order: C2H4 > CO > H2. The calculated recovery times indicate that Sc-ZrS2 and Ti-ZrS2 were ideal carbon monoxide sensing materials under the specific conditions. The results of this work can establish a fundamental rationale for the use of ZrS2 in sensing the conditions of oil-immersed transformers.

Pulmonary diffusing capacity among individuals recovering from mild to moderate COVID-19: a cross-sectional study

Impaired pulmonary diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) following COVID-19 has been consistently reported among individuals recovering from severe-critical infection. However, most long COVID cases follow non-severe COVID-19. We assessed DLCO among individuals with long COVID recovering from mild to moderate acute illness. A cross-sectional study of adults with long COVID, assessed at a COVID recovery clinic > 3 months following the onset of acute infection, during 2020–2021. Participants subjectively ranked their dyspnea severity based on its impact on their daily living and underwent comprehensive pulmonary function testing (PFT). Clinical correlates for impaired DLCO (defined as < 80%) were assessed using multivariable logistic regression models. A total of 458 individuals, their mean age 45 (SD 16) and 246 (54%) of whom are women, were evaluated at an average of ~ 4 months following acute COVID-19. The most frequent PFT impairment was reduced DLCO, identified among 67 (17%) of the cohort. Clinical correlates of impaired DLCO included women (odds ration [OR] 3.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.78–7.45, p < 0.001), cigarette smoking (OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.14–4.43, p = 0.019), and moderate-severe dyspnea (OR 2.77, 95% CI 1.39–5.50, p = 0.004). BMI inversely correlated with DLCO (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.85–0.96 per 1 unit, p = 0.002). Impaired DLCO was not uncommon among individuals recovering from mild to moderate COVID-19. Women are at a greater risk, and subjective dyspnea correlated with impaired DLCO. Clinicians can rely on self-reported significant dyspnea to guide further assessment.

Wheels of Change: The Environmental Paradox of Accelerating Vehicle Retirement Program.

Accelerated vehicle retirement is recognized as crucial for managing fleet emissions effectively. However, the emergence of new energy vehicles introduces complexities in assessing their environmental impacts. This study developed a dynamic fleet-based life cycle assessment model to analyze the effects of four distinct scrappage strategies in China from 2021 to 2060. The results underscore the importance of a meticulously chosen retirement strategy that harmonizes fleet characteristics with advancements in vehicle technology to promote sustainable mobility. Accelerated retirement strategies are demonstrated to enhance vehicle sales and expedite the incorporation of new energy vehicles into the fleet. Although these policies reduce greenhouse gas and carbon monoxide emissions, they may exacerbate other air pollutants, necessitating vigilant management. Additionally, the temporal distribution of environmental impacts reveals the critical need for long-term assessments. By evaluating six negative externalities of emissions, the research indicates that targeted scrappage policies, which advocate for the retirement of older vehicles, could potentially generate economic benefits of 6.81 to 7.29 billion dollars in reduced losses. However, an overly aggressive scrappage policy could increase negative externalities, leading to additional costs ranging from 0.84 to 3.31 billion dollars. This study reveals the intricate long-term environmental consequences of scrappage strategies accompanying the rise of new energy vehicles and lays a methodological groundwork for ongoing research into the most effective retirement scheme.

Carbon Monoxide Gas Sensor Based on Hydrothermally Synthesized Pd–CuO Nanorods/SnSe2 Nanoflower Heterojunctions

Carbon Monoxide Gas Sensor Based on Hydrothermally Synthesized Pd–CuO Nanorods/SnSe₂ Nanoflower Heterojunctions

A Low Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)/Diffusing Capacity of the Lung for Carbon Monoxide (DLCO) Ratio Increases Clinical Suspicion for Fibrotic Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (FHP) Over Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF)

A Low Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)/Diffusing Capacity of the Lung for Carbon Monoxide (DLCO) Ratio Increases Clinical Suspicion for Fibrotic Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (FHP) Over Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF)

Optimizing Materials to Boost the Valorization of CO2: Tuning Cobalt-Cobalt Interactions on In2O3-Based Photothermal Catalysts.

The valorization of CO2 is an important challenge within the current panorama, since this molecule is probably the main contributor to climate change. In this study, the synthesis of materials based on a nanostructured batonnet-type indium oxide is carried out. In them, different amounts of Co are introduced, varying between 2 and 8% mol. It is verified that the most active sample in the transformation of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide contains 6 mol %. of Co. This sample's activity under dual excitation exceeds the thermal counterpart by more than 30%. After carrying out a complete physical and chemical characterization with the help of X-ray absorption spectroscopy and other techniques, it is shown that catalysts with amounts of cobalt equal to or below 4 mol % contain isolated single-atom species, while those with higher amounts of metal display a Co-Co interaction which triggers the evolution of the samples under reaction conditions. The optimum control of this Co-Co interaction and the nature of the final cobalt-containing species determine dual photothermal catalytic properties. This work establishes a structure-activity relationship to interpret the catalytic behavior of highly dispersed subnanometric cobalt species, and thus an avenue to optimize the photothermal valorization of carbon dioxide.

Novel Endoplasmic Reticulum-Targeted Luminescent Probe for Visualization of Carbon Monoxide in Drug-Induced Liver Injury.

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a major hepatic dysfunction commonly caused by hepatotoxic drug overdose, resulting in a considerable number of fatalities worldwide. Recent studies have highlighted the regulatory and hepatoprotective effects of carbon monoxide (CO) during the liver injury process. However, precisely tracking the dynamic changes in the composition of CO in DILI is still a great challenge. In this work, leveraging the innovative "quencher-insertion" strategy, a unique endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-targetable lanthanide complex-based luminescence probe, ER-ANBTTA-Eu3+/Tb3+, has been developed for the selective and accurate monitoring of CO fluxes in live cells and laboratory animals. The new probe is composed of three covalently linked functional moieties: the terpyridine polyacid-Eu3+/Tb3+-mixed chelates as the long-lived luminophore, a p-toluenesulfonamide moiety as the ER-anchoring motif, and an allyloxy-nitrobenzyl ether moiety as the CO-specific recognition unit. Upon reaction with CO in the presence of Pd2+ ions, the Tsuji-Trost reaction leads to the cleavage of the allyloxy-nitrobenzyl group from the Eu3+/Tb3+-mixed chelates, which results in the restoration of Tb3+ emission at 538 nm and the attenuation of Eu3+ emission at 688 nm, leading to a dramatic increase of the I538/I688 ratio. In addition to the exceptional response sensitivity and selectivity toward CO, ER-ANBTTA-Eu3+/Tb3+ also exhibits the outstanding ER-locating capability, which allows the probe to be used for imaging of CO in the ER of live cells. Using this probe, combined with the time-gated luminescence imaging mode, the exogenous and endogenous CO in ER of live cells were monitored without the interference of background autofluorescence. Moreover, the upregulation of hepatic CO in DILI mice was successfully visualized. The results suggested the potential of ER-ANBTTA-Eu3+/Tb3+ for deeply exploring the functions of CO in DILI pathogenesis.

Varying Performance of Low-Cost Sensors During Seasonal Smog Events in Moravian-Silesian Region

Air pollution monitoring in industrial regions like Moravia-Silesia faces challenges due to complex environmental conditions. Low-cost sensors offer a promising, cost-effective alternative for supplementing data from regulatory-grade air quality monitoring stations. This study evaluates the accuracy and reliability of a prototype node containing low-cost sensors for carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter (PM), specifically tailored for the local conditions of the Moravian-Silesian Region during winter and spring periods. An analysis of the reference data observed during the winter evaluation period showed a strong positive correlation between PM, CO, and NO2 concentrations, attributable to common pollution sources under low ambient temperature conditions and increased local heating activity. The Sensirion SPS30 sensor exhibited high linearity during the winter period but showed a systematic positive bias in PM10 readings during Polish smog episodes, likely due to fine particles from domestic heating. Conversely, during Saharan dust storm episodes, the sensor showed a negative bias, underestimating PM10 levels due to the prevalence of coarse particles. Calibration adjustments, based on the PM1/PM10 ratio derived from Alphasense OPC-N3 data, were initially explored to reduce these biases. For the first time, this study quantifies the influence of particle size distribution on the SPS30 sensor’s response during smog episodes of varying origin, under the given local and seasonal conditions. In addition to sensor evaluation, we analyzed the potential use of data from the Copernicus Atmospheric Monitoring Service (CAMS) as an alternative to increasing sensor complexity. Our findings suggest that, with appropriate calibration, selected low-cost sensors can provide reliable data for monitoring air pollution episodes in the Moravian-Silesian Region and may also be used for future adjustments of CAMS model predictions.

Carbon monoxide poisoning: assessment and actions for nurses working in service users' homes.

Carbon monoxide is a colourless, tasteless and odourless gas that is a by-product of incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons such as gas or coal. Carbon monoxide poisoning is associated with high levels of mortality and morbidity, although the symptoms of exposure are non-specific and difficult to diagnose. Historically, healthcare professionals who work directly in service users' homes have faced a higher risk of exposure to environments contaminated with carbon monoxide. Despite improved heating engineering and greater protective legislation, there still remains a tangible risk for community nurses and service users, particularly in homes still using open fires, old heating systems and poorly maintained heating appliances. This article provides a scientific summary of carbon monoxide poisoning for nurses working in the community setting. It outlines evidence-based guidance on prevention and initial treatment actions, along with safety instructions to follow in the event of exposure to carbon monoxide.

High spatiotemporal resolution estimation and analysis of global surface CO concentrations using a deep learning model

Ambient carbon monoxide (CO) is a primary air pollutant that poses significant health risks and contributes to the formation of secondary atmospheric pollutants, such as ozone (O3). This study aims to elucidate global CO pollution in relation to health risks and the influence of natural events like wildfires. Utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) big data techniques, we developed a high-performance Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based Residual Network (ResNet) model to estimate daily global CO concentrations at a high spatial resolution of 0.07° from June 2018 to May 2021. Our model integrated the global TROPOMI Total Column of atmospheric CO (TCCO) product and reanalysis datasets, achieving desirable estimation accuracies with R-values (correlation coefficients) of 0.90 and 0.96 for daily and monthly predictions, respectively. The analysis reveals that the CO concentrations were relatively high in northern and central China, as well as northern India, particularly during winter months. Given the significant role of wildfires in increasing surface CO levels, we examined their impact in the Indochina Peninsula, the Amazon Rain Forest, and Central Africa. Our results show increases of 60.0%, 28.7%, and 40.8% in CO concentrations for these regions during wildfire seasons, respectively. Additionally, we estimated short-term mortality cases related to CO exposure in 17 countries for 2019, with China having the highest mortality cases of 23,400 (95% confidence interval: 0–99,500). Our findings highlight the critical need for ongoing monitoring of CO levels and their health implications. The daily surface CO concentration dataset is publicly available and can support future relevant sustainable studies, which is accessible at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11806178.