Carbohydrate Mouth Rinse Research Articles

Carbohydrate Mouth Rinses before Exercise Improve Performance of Romanian Deadlift Exercise: A Randomized Crossover Study.

(1) Background: This study compared the effects of mouth rinsing with a carbohydrate trial (CMR) and a placebo trial (PL) on concentric and eccentric contraction strength in multi-joint resistance exercise performance. (2) Methods: Twenty healthy adult men (age: 22.4 ± 3.7 years, body mass index: 26 ± 3.8, peak power: 378.3 ± 138.7 W) were recruited in this study. Participants were employed in a double-blind, randomized crossover design to divide participants into carbohydrate mouth rinsing trial (CMR) and placebo trial (PL). After warming up, participants used 6.6% maltodextrin (CMR) or mineral water (PL) to rinse their mouth for 20 s. Next, the participants underwent tests of maximum inertial Romanian deadlift resistance exercise comprising five sets of six reps, with 3 min rests between sets. After deducting the first repetition of each set, the mean values from the five sets were analyzed. (3) Results: The concentric peak power of the CMR trial was significantly higher than that of the PL trial (p = 0.001, Cohen's d = 0.46), the eccentric peak power of the CMR trial was significantly higher than that of the PL trial (p = 0.008, Cohen's d = 0.56), and the total work of the CMR trial was significantly higher than that of PL trial (p = 0.002, Cohen's d = 0.51). (4) Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that mouth rinsing with carbohydrates before exercise can improve concentric and eccentric contraction strength in multi-joint resistance exercise performance.

Carbohydrate mouth rinse failed to reduce central fatigue, lower perceived exertion, and improve performance during incremental exercise.

We examined if carbohydrate (CHO) mouth rinse may reduce central fatigue and perceived exertion, thus improving maximal incremental test (MIT) performance. Nine recreational cyclists warmed up for 6 min before rinsing a carbohydrate (CHO) or placebo (PLA) solution in their mouth for 10 s in a double-blind, counterbalanced manner. Thereafter, they performed the MIT (25 W·min-1 increases until exhaustion) while cardiopulmonary and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) responses were obtained. Pre- to post-MIT alterations in voluntary activation (VA) and peak twitch torque (Tw) were determined. Time-to-exhaustion (p = 0.24), peak power output (PPO; p = 0.45), and V̇O2MAX (p = 0.60) were comparable between conditions. Neither treatment main effect nor time-treatment interaction effect were observed in the first and second ventilatory threshold when expressed as absolute or relative V̇O2 (p = 0.78 and p = 0.96, respectively) and power output (p = 0.28 and p = 0.45, respectively) values, although with moderate-to-large effect sizes. RPE increased similarly throughout the tests and was comparable at the ventilatory thresholds (p = 0.56). Despite the time main effect revealing an MIT-induced central and peripheral fatigue as indicated by the reduced VA and Tw, CHO mouth rinse was ineffective in attenuating both fatigues. Hence, rinsing the mouth with CHO was ineffective in reducing central fatigue, lowering RPE, and improving MIT performance expressed as PPO and time-to-exhaustion. However, moderate-to-large effect sizes in power output values at VT1 and VT2 may suggest some beneficial CHO mouth rinse effects on these MIT outcomes.

Effects of Carbohydrate Mouth Rinse on Gastrointestinal Disorders in Triathletes

In long-term efforts, such as triathlon, the requirement for carbohydrate intake can also work as an ergogenic strategy. However, the literature has reported and recorded gastrointestinal discomfort by athletes during the race when performing this practice, which can compromise performance. Mouth rinses with carbohydrates, followed by the disposal (spitting) of the solution, is a strategy to maintain performance, without generating side effects. Therefore, this study aimed to verify the potential side effects of carbohydrate mouth rinse in triathlon athletes during cycling practice. Twelve trained male - triathletes were subjected to two experimental situations, in which they have completed 1.5 km of swimming, followed by 40 km of cycling, within the shortest time possible and self-regulated intensity (time trial test). Throughout the cycling, blindly and crossed-wise, the volunteers rinsed their mouths using a bolus of 25 ml of 0% CHO placebo solution and 16% CHO (maltodextrin) solution, for each 12.5% of the distance to be covered. A gastrointestinal symptoms questionnaire was answered at the end of the 40 km cycling. Only one volunteer (8.33%) reported discomfort, while 91.66% of them presented no type of symptoms according to the CHO rinse protocol. Therefore, carbohydrate mouth rinse presents no gastrointestinal side effects during long-term exertion.

Carbohydrate mouth rinse improves performance of mentally fatigued cyclists despite null effects on psychological responses

Mental fatigue reduces exercise performance through an impaired psychological response such as increased perceived exertion. Carbohydrate (CHO) mouth rinses improve exercise performance and perceived exertion likely due to an improved activation in cerebral reward areas, then we investigated if the CHO mouth rinse-improved exercise performance in mentally fatigued individuals was associated with ameliorated reward-related psychological responses. We hypothesised that CHO mouth rinse would be beneficial for mentally fatigued cyclists mainly in high-metabolic disturbance intensities. After familiarization and baseline sessions, well trained cyclists (n = 20) performed a maximal incremental test (MIT) after mental fatigue induction. They completed the MIT either without mouth rinse (MF) or rinsing their mouth with CHO (MF+CHO) or placebo (FM+PLA) solutions at every 25 % of the MIT. Psychological responses such as ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), affective valence, emotional arousal, and motivation were assessed throughout the MIT, while performance was assessed as peak power output and time of exercise. Mental fatigue reduced MIT performance (P < 0.05), but CHO mouth rinse was effective to counteract this deleterious mental fatigue effect (P < 0.05). However, we found null effects of CHO mouth rinses in psychological responses above the VT2 (P > 0.05) such as RPE, affective valence, emotional arousal, and motivation. Correlational analysis showed a significant, but moderate negative correlation between motivation and time of exercise above the VT2 when participants used CHO mouth rinse. In conclusion, the ergogenic CHO mouth rinse effects on MIT performance of mentally fatigued cyclists were irrespective of ameliorated psychological responses to exercise.

How Attention Changes in Response to Carbohydrate Mouth Rinsing.

Research investigating the effects of carbohydrate (CHO) mouth rinsing on neurocognitive functions is currently limited and has yielded inconsistent results. In this study, we employed the event-related potential (ERP) electroencephalography technique to investigate the effect of CHO mouth rinsing on electrophysiological correlates of visuospatial attention. Using a double-blind, non-nutritive sweetener (NNS)-controlled, within-subjects design, 53 young adults performed a standard cognitive task (modified Simon task) on two separate days in a fasted state (16 h). Intermittently, mouth rinsing was performed either with a CHO (glucose, 18%, 30 mL) or an NNS solution (aspartame, 0.05%, 30 mL). Results revealed that relative to NNS, electrophysiological correlates of both more bottom-up controlled visuospatial attention (N1pc-ERP component) were decreased in response to CHO rinsing. In contrast, compared to NNS, more top-down controlled visuospatial attention (N2pc-ERP component) was increased after CHO rinsing. Behavioral performance, however, was not affected by mouth rinsing. Our findings suggest that orosensory signals can impact neurocognitive processes of visuospatial attention in a fasted state. This may suggest a central mechanism underlying the ergogenic effects of carbohydrate mouth rinsing on endurance performance could involve modulations of attentional factors. Methodologically, our study underlines that understanding the effects of carbohydrate mouth rinsing at the central level may require combining neuroscientific methods and manipulations of nutritional states.

Carbohydrate mouth rinse is no more effective than placebo on running endurance of dehydrated and heat acclimated athletes.

To determine whether carbohydrate mouth rinsing would improve endurance running performance of tropical natives in a warm-humid (30°C and 70% relative humidity) environment. Twelve endurance male runners [age 25 ± 3 years; peak aerobic capacity ([Formula: see text]O2peak) 57.6 ± 3.6mL.kg-1.min-1] completed three time-to-exhaustion (TTE) trials at ~ 70% [Formula: see text]O2peak while swilling 25ml of a 6% carbohydrate (CHO) or taste-matched placebo (PLA) as well as no mouth rinse performed in the control (CON) trial. TTE performance was significantly longer in both CHO and PLA trials when compared with the CON trial (54.7 ± 5.4 and 53.6 ± 5.1 vs. 48.4 ± 3.6min, respectively; p < 0.001 and p = 0.012, respectively), but was not significantly different between CHO and PLA trials (p = 1.000). The rating of perceived exertion was not different between the CHO and PLA trials, however, was significantly affected when compared to the CON trial (p < 0.001). A similar effect was observed for perceived arousal level between the CHO and PLA trials to the CON trial. Core temperature, mean skin temperature and skin blood flow were not significantly different between the three trials (all p > 0.05). Similarly, plasma lactate and glucose as well as exercise heart rate were not influenced by the trials. The present study demonstrates that mouth rinsing, whether carbohydrate or placebo, provides an ergogenic benefit to running endurance when compared to CON in a heat stress environment. Nevertheless, the results do not support the notion that rinsing a carbohydrate solution provides a greater advantage as previously described among non-heat acclimated individuals within a temperate condition.

CARBOHYDRATE MOUTH RINSE IMPROVES MODERATE INTENSITY TREADMILL RUNNING IN COLLEGIATE ATHLETES

The purpose of this study was to examine the influences of carbohydrate (CHO) mouth rinse on self-selected running speeds, heart rate and psychological response during a 30-min treadmill run. Twelve endurance-collegiate male athletes (N=12) age 22.33 ± 0.63, mean height 169 ± 5.89 m, and mean body weight 62.57 ± 7.69 kg performed two trials that have one-week interval of crossover study. Each trial involved a 10-min warm-up at 60% HRmax followed by a 30-min run. The run was performed on an automated treadmill that allowed the spontaneous selection of speeds without manual input. Participants were asked to mouth rinsing with either a 6% CHO or taste-matched placebo (PLA) solution. Parameters measured include self-selected speed during treadmill running, heart rate and psychological responses (feeling arousal scale, feeling scale, gastrointestinal scale). Significant interaction between groups across experimental sessions were noted on three parameters (p&lt;.05). The CHO mouth rinse group showed improvements of heart rate, feeling scale and feeling arousal scale compare to control group during treadmill running. These findings demonstrated that 6% CHO mouth rinse is effective in improving performance of moderate intensity running physiologically and psychologically.

Carbohydrate Mouth-rinsing Improves Overtime Physical Performance In Male Ice Hockey Players

Carbohydrate Mouth-rinsing Improves Overtime Physical Performance In Male Ice Hockey Players

Carbohydrate Mouth Rinse and Spray Improve Prolonged Exercise Performance in Recreationally Trained Male College Students.

Mouth rinsing with a carbohydrate (CHO) solution has emerged as a sports nutrition strategy to increase endurance performance. This study aimed to clarify the effects of two forms of CHO sensing in the mouth (i.e., CHO mouth rinse (CMR) and CHO mouth spray (CMS)) on exercise performance during prolonged exercise, including ultra-high intensity intermittent exercise over time. We conducted the following experimental trials: (1) 6% glucose solution (G), (2) 6% CMR, (3) 6% CMS, and (4) water (WAT). These trials were conducted at least 1 week apart in a randomized crossover design. Eight male college students performed constant-load exercise for 60 min (intensity 40% VO2peak), four sets of the Wingate test (three 30 s Wingate tests with a 4 min recovery between each test), and a constant-load exercise for 30 min (intensity 40% VO2peak). The mean exercise power output (Watt), ratings of perceived exertion, and blood glucose levels were measured. We found that the mean power values of the CMR and CMS in the third and fourth sets was significantly higher than that of WAT (p < 0.05), and that the G trial did not show a significant difference from any other trial. Thus, when compared to G or WAT, CMR and CMS can help improve endurance exercise performance.

Carbohydrate Mouth Rinse Increases High but Not Low Intensity Repetitions to Failure in Resistance-Trained Males.

Carbohydrate mouth rinsing (CMR) has been shown to enhance exercise performance. However, the influence of CMR on repetitions to failure with different intensities (40% or 80% of 1 RM) is unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a 6% CMR solution on muscular endurance assessed at 40% and 80% of 1 RM in resistance-trained males. Sixteen resistance-trained males (age: 25 ± 3 years, height: 182 ± 6 cm, body mass: 86 ± 3 kg, body fat: 16 ± 3%, bench press 1 RM: 106 ± 16 kg, resistance training experience: 5 ± 1 years) completed four conditions in random order. The four conditions consisted of ten seconds of mouth rinsing with 25 mL solutions containing either maltodextrin or placebo (sweetened water) prior to performing a bench press muscular endurance test at either 40% of 1 RM or 80% of 1 RM. Total repetitions, heart rate (HR), ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), glucose (GLU) and felt arousal (FA) were recorded for each condition. There was a significant condition by intensity interaction (p = 0.02). CMR significantly increased total repetitions compared with placebo at the higher intensity (80% of 1 RM; p = 0.04), while there was no effect at the lower intensity (p = 0.20). In addition, HR, RPE, GLU and FA did not differ between conditions or across intensities (p > 0.05). In conclusion, CMR-enhanced muscular endurance performed at higher but not lower intensities.

Carbohydrate Mouth-Rinsing Improves Overtime Physical Performance in Male Ice Hockey Players During On-Ice Scrimmages.

PurposeThis randomized, double-blind, crossover study examined the effects of mouth-rinsing (MR) with a carbohydrate (CHO) vs. a placebo (PLA) solution on external and internal loads in hydrated ice hockey players during regulation and overtime (OT) periods of an on-ice scrimmage.MethodsTwelve skilled male hockey players (22.6 [3.4] years, 178.9 [4.7] cm, 84.0 [6.5] kg) played three 20-min regulation periods and one 12-min OT period of small-sided 3-on-3 scrimmage. Skaters repeated 2 min shift and rest intervals. Participants mouth rinsed with 25 mL of CHO or PLA solution approximately every 10 min for a total of 7 rinses. A local positioning system (LPS) tracked external load variables including speed, distance, acceleration, and deceleration. Internal load was monitored with heart rate (HR) sensors and a rating of perceived exertion (RPE).ResultsDuring regulation play, both the conditions developed similar fatigue, with significantly decreased high-intensity distance, average speed and decelerations, and increased RPE, from period 1 to 2 and 3. In OT, CHO MR increased the distance skated at high-intensity (224 [77], 185 [66] m, p = 0.042), peak speed (24.6 [1.6], 23.7 [1.3] km·h−1, p = 0.016), number of sprints (1.9 [1.2], 1.2 [0.9], p = 0.011), and decreased distance skated at slow speed (300 [33], 336 [47], p = 0.034) vs. PLA MR. OT RPE was similar between the two conditions in spite of more work done in CHO MR.ConclusionsCHO MR may be a valuable practice to protect against decrements in external load with increased playing time in ice hockey, and possibly allows athletes to perform more work relative to perceived levels of exertion.

Carbohydrate mouth rinsing decreases fatigue index of taekwondo frequency speed of kick test.

Carbohydrate mouth rinsing (CMR) potentially affects the interval training performance of taekwondo athletes. This study explored the effect of CMR on vertical jump, kicking speed, and fatigue index before and after simulated taekwondo competition. In a crossover experimental design, 13 trained taekwondo athletes were randomly divided into the CMR and control trials. After warming up, the participants used 6.6% maltodextrin (CMR trial) or mineral water (control trial) to rinse their mouth. Next, the participants underwent tests of vertical jump, kicking speed, and maximum number of kicks. After the tests, the participants rinsed their mouth again, followed by using Wingate testing bikes for 5-s sprint and 25-s rest to simulate taekwondo competitions. Four repetitions were performed in each round for 2 min for a total of three rounds. The results revealed that the fatigue index of the participants in the CMR trial before and after the simulated competition was significantly lower than that of the control trial. However, the two trials differed nonsignificantly in their performance in vertical jump, kicking speed, and the simulated competition. Overall, the study results indicated that CMR reduces the fatigue index but no change was observed in performance for vertical jump, kicking speed, and the simulated competition of trained taekwondo athletes.

A Narrative Review of Current Concerns and Future Perspectives of the Carbohydrate Mouth Rinse Effects on Exercise Performance.

Previous systematic reviews have confirmed that carbohydrate (CHO) mouth rinse may boost physical exercise performance, despite some methodological aspects likely affecting its ergogenic effect. In this review, we discussed if the exercise mode, pre-exercise fasting status, CHO solutions concentration, CHO solutions temperature, mouth rinse duration, and CHO placebo effects may potentially reduce the CHO mouth rinse ergogenic effect, suggesting possible solutions to manage these potential confounders. The effectiveness of CHO mouth rinse as a performance booster is apparently related to the origin of the exercise-induced neuromuscular fatigue, as CHO mouth rinse unequivocally potentiates endurance rather than sprint and strength exercises performance. Furthermore, ergogenic effects have been greater in fasting than fed state, somehow explaining the varied magnitude of the CHO mouth rinse effects in exercise performance. In this regard, the CHO solution concentration and temperature, as well as the mouth rinse duration, may have increased the variability observed in CHO mouth rinse effects in fasting and fed state. Finally, placebo effects have challenged the potential of the CHO mouth rinse as an ergogenic aid. Therefore, we suggest that future studies should consider methodological controls such as sample size and sample homogeneity, proper familiarization with experimental procedures, and the use of alternative placebo designs to provide unbiased evidence regarding the potential of the CHO mouth rinse as an ergogenic aid.

Caffeine-carbohydrate mouth-rinsing counter-acts an observed negative effect of mouth-rinsing procedure during sprint-endurance training performance in fasted athletes: A pilot study

Carbohydrate mouth-rinsing has been reported to benefit endurance performance in athletes intermittently fasting; however, in the fasted state, the effects of combined caffeine and carbohydrate (CAF-CHO) mouth-rinsing on sprint-endurance performance are unknown. We determined the effects of CAF-CHO mouth-rinsing on kinetics, kinematics, and perceptual measures during a sprint-endurance performance commonly performed by track and field athletes in Muslim athletes fasting during Ramadan. In a randomised and counterbalanced single-blind study, ten national-level male sprinters and sprint/middle-distance runners (21.0 ± 2.0 y) participated in this study. They performed three sprint-endurance sessions on a non-motorised treadmill within the second and third weeks of Ramadan. Each session consisted of 3x15-s all-out sprints, with 2-min active recovery between each sprint. In each session, athletes either did not mouth rinse (NMR), or rinsed with 25 mL of CAF-CHO (4 g carbohydrate, 5 mg caffeine), or a placebo solution (PLA) prior to warm-up (30-min pre-trial), 1-min pre-trial, and mid-way through every recovery period. CAF-CHO maximised total sprint distance relative to NMR (210.3 ± 7.8 vs. 208.7 ± 9.1 m, d = 0.20), whilst counteracted the attenuation following PLA (204.6 ± 8.7 m; d = 0.66). Relative to NMR, CAF-CHO increased perceived activation prior to each sprint (p < 0.05, d = 1.23–2.05). Post-trial perceived exertion was lower for CAF-CHO (d = 0.12) and PLA (d = 0.58) compared to NMR (p > 0.05). Athletes indicated ‘no’ (50%) or ‘unsure’ (50%) whether mouth-rinsing would improve performance. The results suggest that CAF-CHO has a potential to optimise, and counter-act the negative effect of mouth-rinsing in Ramadan-fasted Muslims having a negative attitude towards this procedure.

The Effect of Isolated and Combined Application of Menthol and Carbohydrate Mouth Rinses on 40 km Time Trial Performance, Physiological and Perceptual Measures in the Heat.

The current study compared mouth swills containing carbohydrate (CHO), menthol (MEN) or a combination (BOTH) on 40 km cycling time trial (TT) performance in the heat (32 °C, 40% humidity, 1000 W radiant load) and investigates associated physiological (rectal temperature (Trec), heart rate (HR)) and subjective measures (thermal comfort (TC), thermal sensation (TS), thirst, oral cooling (OC) and RPE (legs and lungs)). Eight recreationally trained male cyclists (32 ± 9 y; height: 180.9 ± 7.0 cm; weight: 76.3 ± 10.4 kg) completed familiarisation and three experimental trials, swilling either MEN, CHO or BOTH at 10 km intervals (5, 15, 25, 35 km). The 40 km TT performance did not differ significantly between conditions (F2,14 = 0.343; p = 0.715; η2 = 0.047), yet post-hoc testing indicated small differences between MEN and CHO (d = 0.225) and MEN and BOTH (d = 0.275). Subjective measures (TC, TS, RPE) were significantly affected by distance but showed no significant differences between solutions. Within-subject analysis found significant interactions between solution and location upon OC intensity (F28,196 = 2.577; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.269). While solutions containing MEN resulted in a greater sensation of OC, solutions containing CHO experienced small improvements in TT performance. Stimulation of central CHO pathways during self-paced cycling TT in the heat may be of more importance to performance than perceptual cooling interventions. However, no detrimental effects are seen when interventions are combined.

Carbohydrate Mouth Rinsing Does Not Alter Central or Peripheral Fatigue After High-Intensity and Low-Intensity Exercise in Men.

Black, CD, Haskins, KR, Bemben, MG, and Larson, RD. Carbohydrate mouth rinsing does not alter central or peripheral fatigue after high-intensity and low-intensity exercise in men. J Strength Cond Res 36(1): 142-148, 2022-Carbohydrate (CHO) mouth rinsing improves performance during endurance exercise. However, its ability to attenuate fatigue during strength-based exercise is less certain. This study sought to determine the effects of a CHO mouth rinse on torque production and voluntary activation (VA%) after high-intensity and low-intensity isometric exercise. Twelve male subjects (22.5 ± 2.3 years; 183.5 ± 6.5 cm; 82.2 ± 13.9 kg) completed 4 testing sessions in a double-blind crossover fashion. Knee extension maximal voluntary isometric strength (MVC) was assessed before(Pre), immediately (iPost-Ex), and 5 minutes (5-min Post Ex) after isometric exercise performed at 80% or 20% of MVC. An 8% CHO solution or placebo (PLA) was rinsed for 20 seconds after exercise. VA% was determined by twitch interpolation. A 2 condition (CHO vs. PLA) × 2 contraction intensity (20 vs. 80%) × 3 time (Pre, iPost Ex, and 5-min Post Ex) completely within subject-repeated measured analysis of variance was performed; statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Greater reductions in MVC were found at iPost-Ex after exercise at 20% compared with 80% of MVC (-25 ± 14% vs. -11 ± 8%; p < 0.001) as well as for VA% (-17 ± 14% vs. -8 ± 14%; p < 0.004). No differences were observed in the CHO vs. PLA condition (p ≥ 0.34). We were successful in eliciting differing levels of central and peripheral fatigue by exercising at a low and high intensity. Despite significantly larger declines in VA% after exercise at 20% of MVC, CHO mouth rinsing had no effects compared with placebo on any measured variable.

炭水化物マウスリンスが等尺性掌握運動パフォーマンスに及ぼす影響

炭水化物マウスリンスが等尺性掌握運動パフォーマンスに及ぼす影響

Impact of a Carbohydrate Mouth Rinse on Corticomotor Excitability after Mental Fatigue in Healthy College-Aged Subjects.

Mental Fatigue (MF) has been associated with reduced physical performance but the mechanisms underlying this result are unclear. A reduction in excitability of the corticomotor system is a way mental fatigue could negatively impact physical performance. Carbohydrate (CHO) mouth rinse (MR) has been shown to increase corticomotor excitability. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine if CHO MR impacts corticomotor excitability after MF. METHODS: Fifteen subjects (nine females, six males; age = 23 ± 1 years; height = 171 ± 2 cm; body mass = 69 ± 3 kg; BMI = 23.8 ± 0.7) completed two sessions under different MR conditions (Placebo (PLAC), 6.4% glucose (CHO)) separated by at least 48 h and applied in a double-blinded randomized fashion. Motor-evoked potential (MEP) of the left first dorsal interosseous (FDI) was determined by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) before and after MF. Perceived MF was recorded before and after the MF task using a 100 mm visual analog scale (VAS). RESULTS: MF was greater following PLAC (+30.4 ± 4.0 mm) than CHO (+19.4 ± 3.9 mm) (p = 0.005). MEP was reduced more following PLAC (−16.6 ± 4.4%) than CHO (−3.7 ± 4.7%) (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: CHO MR was successful at attenuating the reduction in corticomotor excitability after MF. Carbohydrate mouth rinse may be a valuable tool at combating the negative consequences of mental fatigue.

탄수화물 구강 헹굼이 대학 조정선수들의 2,000m 운동수행능력에 미치는 영향

본 연구는 탄수화물 구강 헹굼을 실시하여 대학 조정선수들의 2,000m 전체 구간에서의 기록 변화와 함께 조정의 기본 기술인 stroke를 기반으로 한 운동수행능력에 미치는 효과를 검증하는데 목적이 있다. 연구를 위해 10명의 대학 조정선수들을 대상으로 무작위, 이중맹검 및 교차연구를 적용하여 5명씩 A, B 집단으로 구분하였고, 일주일 간격을 두어 총 3번의 2,000m 테스트(1차: 물을 이용한 구강 헹굼, 2차: A집단 Carbohydrate Mouth Rinse(CMR), B집단 Placebo(PLA), 3차: A집단 PLA, B집단 CMR)를 실시하여 탄수화물 구강 헹굼의 효과를 비교 검증하였다. 연구결과 초반 0-500m 구간에서 CMR(CON; 92.35±4.39s, CMR; 88.22±2.60s, PLA; 92.16±2.99s) 기록이 유의하게 단 축되었고, force의 peak(CON; 722.93±58.19N/BW, CMR; 812.55±57.75N/BW, PLA; 738.23±54.95N/BW) 와 power에 peak(CON; 722.23±106.23W/BW, CMR; 970.16±103.92W/BW, PLA; 866.17±124.23W/BW)에 서 유의한 증가를 나타냈다. 이러한 결과는 CMR 처치가 무산소성 대사와 관련해 force 및 power를 향상시켜 초반 스퍼트 구간(0-500m)에서 기록 단축에 기여하는 것으로 보인다.

Different Doses of Carbohydrate Mouth Rinse Have No Effect on Exercise Performance in Resistance Trained Women.

Carbohydrate (CHO) mouth rinse has been shown to enhance aerobic endurance performance. However, the effects of CHO mouth rinse on muscular strength and endurance are mixed and may be dependent on dosage of CHO. The primary purpose was to examine the effects of different dosages of CHO rinse on strength (bench press 1 repetition maximum [1-RM]) and muscular endurance (40% of 1-RM repetitions to failure) in female athletes. Sixteen resistance-trained females (age: 20 ± 1 years; height: 167 ± 3 cm; body mass: 67 ± 4 kg; BMI: 17 ± 2 kg/m2; resistance training experience: 2 ± 1 years) completed four conditions in random order. The four conditions consisted of a mouth rinse with 25 mL solutions containing either 6% of CHO (Low dose of CHO: LCHO), 12% CHO (Moderate dose of CHO: MCHO), 18% CHO (High dose of CHO: HCHO) or water (Placebo: PLA) for 10 s prior to a bench press strength and muscular endurance test. Maximal strength (1-RM), muscular endurance (reps and total volume), heart rate (HR), ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and glucose (GLU) were recorded each condition. There were no significant differences in strength (p = 0.95) or muscular endurance (total repetitions: p = 0.06; total volume: p = 0.20) between conditions. Similarly, HR (p = 0.69), RPE (p = 0.09) and GLU (p = 0.92) did not differ between conditions. In conclusion, various doses of CHO mouth rinse (6%, 12% and 18%) have no effect on upper body muscular strength or muscular endurance in female athletes.