Car Rides Research Articles

Personality Unleashed: Surveying Correlation of Neuter Status and Social Behaviour in Mixed-Breed Male Dogs across Weight Classes.

This study investigates the behavioural differences between neutered and intact dogs. A total of 230 questionnaires of neutered (n = 115) and intact (n = 115) mixed-breed male dogs were collected. Small, medium, large, and giant dogs were analysed to investigate a possible influence of body size. The results showed neuters were significantly more stressed than intacts (multinomial logistic regression, p = 0.001). In terms of stress by influences (such as separation anxiety and anxiety at car rides), neutered small, medium, and large dogs were more stressed than giant dogs (multinomial logistic regression, p = 0.05). Neuters were also found to be more aggressive in general (multinomial logistic regression, p = 0.04) and more aggressive on the walk (multinomial logistic regression, p = 0.02). In addition, personality questionnaires revealed significant differences in all characteristics. Neuters were less emotionally calm (multiple ordinal regression, p = 0.03), less trainable and less sociable (each multiple ordinal regression, p < 0.001). They also scored lower on extraversion (multiple ordinal regression, p = 0.04). These findings highlight the importance of further research into the behavioural effects of neutering dogs, as well as the need for evidence-based guidelines for neutering practices.

Distance to Treatment with Radical Cystectomy in a Rural State: Long Car Rides, Equivalent Outcomes.

Radical Cystectomy (RC) is a complex surgery with better outcomes reported when performed at high volume centers. This may lead to patients traveling farther for care. We examined the impact of travel distance on clinical outcomes. 220 patients undergoing RC from 2015-2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Distance traveled to the treatment center by patient zip codes was classified as <12.5 mi, 12.5-49.9 mi, and ≥50 mi. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess complications, readmissions, 90d mortality, and length of stay (LOS) by distance traveled. Time to treatment (TTT) based on distance traveled was compared. 220 pts underwent RC with complete 90d follow-up. 38.6% of pts (85/220) were readmitted. 62.5% (53/85) presented to the treatment center or were transferred. All pts readmitted to an outside hospital (OSH) traveled ≥12.5 mi (p<0.001). Patients with high-grade complications were likely to be transferred to the treatment center with only 23.7% (9/38) definitively managed by OSH. Pts traveling >12.5 mi with low-grade complications were more likely to be managed at an OSH (57.5%, p = 0.01). There was no difference in time to initiation of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (p=0.99) or time to RC following NAC (p=0.23) by distance traveled. For 49 MIBC patients proceeding directly to surgery without NAC, time from diagnosis to RC was increased if traveling >12.5 mi (p=0.04). Increased travel distance did not impact early postoperative outcomes. Distance traveled may impact access to care, such as time to surgery or location of readmission to the treatment center post-operatively.

Assessment of vestibulo-ocular reflex and its adaptation during stop-and-go car rides in motion sickness susceptible passengers

Motion sickness is a physiological condition that negatively impacts a person's comfort and will be an emerging condition in autonomous vehicles without proper countermeasures. The vestibular system plays a key role in the origin of motion sickness. Understanding the susceptibility and (mal) adaptive mechanisms of the highly integrated vestibular system is a prerequisite for the development of countermeasures. We hypothesize a differential association between motion sickness and vestibular function in healthy individuals with and without susceptibility for motion sickness. We quantified vestibular function by measuring the high-frequency vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) using video head impulse testing (vHIT) in 17 healthy volunteers before and after a 11 min motion sickness-inducing naturalistic stop-and-go car ride on a test track (Dekra Test Oval, Klettwitz, Germany). The cohort was classified as motion sickness susceptible (n = 11) and non-susceptible (n = 6). Six (out of 11) susceptible participants developed nausea symptoms, while a total of nine participants were free of these symptoms. The VOR gain (1) did not differ significantly between participant groups with (n = 8) and without motion sickness symptoms (n = 9), (2) did not differ significantly in the factor time before and after the car ride, and showed no interaction between symptom groups and time, as indicated by a repeated measures ANOVA (F(1,15) = 2.19, p = 0.16. Bayesian inference confirmed that there was “anecdotal evidence” for equality of gain rather than difference across groups and time (BF10 < 0.77). Our results suggest that individual differences in VOR measures or adaptation to motion sickness provocative stimuli during naturalistic stop-and-go driving cannot predict motion sickness susceptibility or the likelihood of developing motion sickness.

Study of Motion Sickness Model Based on fNIRS Multiband Features during Car Rides

Motion sickness is a common physiological discomfort phenomenon during car rides. In this paper, the functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) technique was used in real-world vehicle testing. The fNIRS technique was utilized to model the relationship between changes in blood oxygenation levels in the prefrontal cortex of passengers and motion sickness symptoms under different motion conditions. To enhance the accuracy of motion sickness classification, the study utilized principal component analysis (PCA) to extract the most significant features from the test data. Wavelet decomposition was used to extract the power spectrum entropy (PSE) features of five frequency bands highly related to motion sickness. The correlation between motion sickness and cerebral blood oxygen levels was modeled by a 6-point scale calibration for the subjective evaluation of the degree of passenger motion sickness. A support vector machine (SVM) was used to build a motion sickness classification model, achieving an accuracy of 87.3% with the 78 sets of data. However, individual analysis of the 13 subjects showed a varying range of accuracy from 50% to 100%, suggesting the presence of individual differences in the relationship between cerebral blood oxygen levels and motion sickness symptoms. Thus, the results demonstrated that the magnitude of motion sickness during the ride was closely related to the change in the PSE of the five frequency bands of cerebral prefrontal blood oxygen, but further studies are needed to investigate individual variability.

Batswana Adolescents' Attitudes Toward Sex With Older Adults: Psychometric Properties of the Attitudes Toward Transactional Sex Scale.

A programmatic series of studies developed and evaluated the Attitudes toward Transactional Sex Scale (ATTS) to measure adolescents' attitudes toward engaging in a sexual encounter initiated by an older adult offering desired objects such as cell phone, clothes, cash, or car rides in exchange for sex. Qualitative interviews informed the initial item generation followed by a series of studies assessing the psychometric properties of the measure. Study 1 evaluated the ATTS in a sample of 186 Batswana adolescents and assessed the factor structure, item-to-whole correlations, internal consistency, and convergent validity. In Study 2, the ATTS was administered to a cross-validation sample (N = 387). Confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity, and internal consistency were consistent with the findings from the original sample. Discriminant validity was also assessed in Study 2. A subset of the sample (N = 119) completed the measure on two occasions and yielded satisfactory test-retest reliability. The resulting instrument appears to have sound psychometric properties and can be used to measure adolescents' attitudes toward accepting such adult sexual initiation that are implicated in the disproportionate burden of HIV among adolescents and young adults in sub-Saharan Africa. No existing measure with known psychometric properties has previously been available.

Characterizing the Health and Safety Concerns of U.S. Rideshare Drivers: A Qualitative Pilot Study.

Despite the growth and popularity of gig work, limited information exists about the occupational health and safety concerns faced by individuals who are employed through ridesharing online applications. In this qualitative study, we characterized the perceived health and safety concerns of drivers employed by rideshare companies. During September-October 2019, we requested car rides, using digital rideshare platforms. During the ride, drivers responded verbally to a brief closed-end sociodemographic and work characteristics survey. A semi-structured interview script was used to collect rideshare driver perceptions on health and safety risks. A total of 35 rideshare drivers of group mean age of 43.1 ± 11.2 years were interviewed, of whom 77.1% were male and 82.9% identified as Latino. Sixty percent of participants reported rideshare as their primary job, working an average of 47.9 ± 19.6 hours weekly (minimum = 6 hours, maximum = 84 hours). Drivers enjoyed job autonomy yet faced stressors such as passenger risky behavior, car accidents, and lack of policies that protect the driver. Rideshare drivers also raised concerns about their current health status, economic pressures, and worker safety. Drivers are forced to extend work hours to support themselves financially, exacerbating their current health concerns and safety risks as it means more time spent working in their sedentary job, compromising their mental and physical health as well as their safety. Occupational health and safety programs geared toward workers in the gig economy are needed.

From the Rule of Thumb to the Rule of the Algorithms: Command and Control in Ride-Hailing Platforms

By using a Commonsian approach to the mechanisms of control present in the wealth-creating managerial transactions, we aim to investigate the command-and-control relationship between digital platforms of ride-hailing services and their drivers. Despite being commonly defined as technology companies acting as multisided markets, thus, intermediaries between its end-users, the on-demand ridesharing platforms also share the feature of controlling their labor force—usually working under self-employed statuses—through opaque and unilaterally defined working rules by its algorithms. We argue that, by recovering Commons’ idea of going concerns and their constitutive elements of going plants and going business, platforms can be seen as governance structures whose algorithmic mechanisms have systematized with high detailed capacity the working rules of their services (car rides), substituting the role played by workers’ experience and customs in establishing the methods of work. This transaction between workers and platform results in a state of insecurity on the side of the workers, marked by a lack of democratic participation and asymmetric bargaining power.

‘Cinema: Today’s Theatre’ – Images from the 1914 Cologne Rose Monday Parade

ABSTRACT A carnival float in the 1914 Cologne Rose Monday parade was designed under the slogan ‘Theatre Then and Now’. The float depicted a cinema under the headline ‘The Theatre of Today’, pointing out that the film industry was encroaching on actors, authors and topics of the classical legitimate theatre. While the cinema sector was booming in the city, the Cologne Schauspielhaus (Cologne Theatre) was suffering a severe decline in audience attendance. The painted draft of the carnival float illustrates in detail the discrepancy between cinema and legitimate theatre and what they offered its audiences: long feature films for high entrance fees versus free car rides and free buffet to lure audiences into classical Greek tragedies. The Cologne carnival float commented in a caricaturing way on how the cinema attained sold-out houses with its propositions, while the legitimate theatre remained empty.

Increased heart rate functions as a signal of acute distress in non-communicating persons with intellectual disability

Intellectual disability (ID) affects approximately 1% of the population. Some patients with severe or profound ID are essentially non-communicating and therefore risk experiencing pain and distress without being able to notify their caregivers, which is a major health issue. This real-world proof of concept study aimed to see if heart rate (HR) monitoring could reveal whether non-communicating persons with ID experience acute pain or distress in their daily lives. We monitored HR in 14 non-communicating participants with ID in their daily environment to see if specific situations were associated with increased HR. We defined increased HR as being > 1 standard deviation above the daily mean and lasting > 5 s. In 11 out of 14 participants, increased HR indicated pain or distress in situations that were not previously suspected to be stressful, e.g. passive stretching of spastic limbs or being transported in patient lifts. Increased HR suggesting joy was detected in three participants (during car rides, movies). In some situations that were previously suspected to be stressful, absence of HR increase suggested absence of pain or distress. We conclude that HR monitoring may identify acute pain and distress in non-communicating persons with ID, allowing for improved health care for this patient group.

Factors influencing stress and fear-related behaviour of cats during veterinary examinations

This study documented behaviour of cats during veterinary examinations investigating possible associations between their behaviour and age, gender, temperament, clinical parameters and familiarity with pet carriers, car rides and veterinary clinics. Background information (i.e. temperament and familiarity with pet carriers, car rides and veterinary clinics), signalment, clinical parameters and behaviour were recorded for 95 cats during a veterinary examination. Their behaviour was analysed and a behavioural profile was attributed (alert, anxious, frightened, irritated, agonistic). Aggressive cats tended to exhibit more scratching/attempt to scratch and hard stare behaviour. Half of the cats vocalised and cats vocalised more when they were not familiar with pet carriers (p = .010) and car rides (p = .005). Heart rate was higher than normal and was positively associated with mydriasis (p = .018) shown by the 85% of the cats. Males vocalised more than females (p = .007) who also had a lower total behavioural score (p = .002). Age was associated with the behaviour profile: young cats fell in the anxious profile, and were more likely to try to escape, and elderly cats exhibited a frightened and irritated profile and were more likely to show scratching, tail lashing and piloerection (all p < .05). Whilst cats first experiencing a veterinary examination attempted to escape more, those that were not familiar with car rides had higher behavioural scores (p = .05). Overall, veterinary examination was confirmed to be a stressful situation for cats in particular for those not familiar with pet carriers and car rides. HIGHLIGHTS Cats’ physiological and behavioural responses during veterinary examinations were documented. Young cats were more anxious, while elderly cats were irritated and showed more scratching, tail lashing and piloerection. Cats not familiar with car rides and veterinary clinics showed more vocalisation, hissing, ears flat back and escape attempts.

Lan Cao Margaret Van CaoFamily in Six Tones: A Refugee Mother, an American Daughter

Queen as an adult, the stories are told with a focus on the routine. The core described above is told with subtle plot intertwined with the mundanity of holding a moment together. Which is to say, the characters are perpetually caught in a series of daily chores: “Motions upon motions, feed the animals, bang the coffee grounds, read the books.” It is in the overall contemplation of Crooked Hallelujah where a careful reader can search, reflect, and do the work to discover common themes to pull the stories together. Once readers pace themselves with the methodic rhythms of country living , there are artifacts to discover inside the pages. The spotlight shining on Reney, Justine, and Lula casts a large shadow onto masculine failure. Whether taking car rides together in an Oklahoma summer or sitting next to a hospital bed, the three women’s connection and strength cannot be examined without considering the pressures from a patriarchy emboldened by harsh Christian doctrine. So much so, in the apocalyptic tones of the final pages, one has to sit back and wonder if a patriarchal system is as indomitable as divine wrath or natural forces, telling us all “so much for Earth and all those little people down there,” including Reney. Oscar Hokeah Tahlequah, Oklahoma Lan Cao & Harlan Margaret Van Cao Family in Six Tones: A Refugee Mother, an American Daughter New York. Viking. 2020. 304 pages. “MY AMERICAN LIFE started with loss.” With that sentence, Lan Cao opens this memoir told in alternating narratives with her daughter, Harlan Margaret Van Cao. Aged thirteen in 1975, Lan Cao fled Saigon during the last days of the Vietnam conflict to stay with family friends in Connecticut . Eventually, her parents followed and settled in Falls Church, Virginia, where she attended high school, then went on to Mt. Holyoke College and Yale Law School. Today, she is an endowed professor of international economic law at Chapman University School of Law in Los Angeles. An immigrant success story, the American Dream come true? On the surface, perhaps, yet in this compelling memoir, Cao and her daughter, born in 2002, break that surface as they explore the nature of loss and what it means to reach beyond a hyphenated identity. Cao sees and adamantly presents herself not as an immigrant but as a refugee, a critical distinction. In fact, the book’s influence is needed. It is his contention that the best lands ancient humans settled were first prepared and enriched by the beaver. Ignorance about this important species has robbed many places of their extremely important work of flood control and habitat creation. Gow is funny, irreverent, and as hostile to bureaucracy as Edward Abbey. No human being nor organization is spared, though he holds a special place of ridicule for DEFRA, the UK’s Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, an agency that seems eager to play the fool. Neither are his dear colleagues and fellow beaver-believers exempt from his ribbing. One aging arborist is described as “now as old and gnarled as an Ent with a complex system of underpants containing so many forms of ancient fungi that the government’s nature authorities are preparing to declare them Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI).” There are passages so hilarious that readers must read them aloud to all nearby, such as a demonstration of beaver sexing gone comically awry, Russians attempting to create beaver-based circus acts, or an account of British farmers engaging in nigh unprintable drinking games on field trips to the continent. While human beings are frequently the butt of his jokes, Gow is deeply empathetic with beavers themselves, and some of the most arresting places in the book imagine beaver-hunting from their perspective. While jarring in relation to the humorous passages, Gow’s descriptions are too factual to be lugubrious. One leaves the book feeling that beavers are people, too. And probably the better persons. Bringing Back the Beaver is thoroughly entertaining, which in these times is an achievement for environmental nonfiction. Part of this is the author’s genuine affection for these busy creatures. The fact that this book is a comedy in the best sense helps— there...

Is Jakarta a child-friendly city?

The Greater Jakarta Metropolitan Area consists of 3 regencies and five cities, making it the second-largest conurbation in the world. The city is grappling with massive environmental issues and rampant social problems that give a rise to a child-unfriendly city. Jakarta is not only unfriendly to the lower-class children but also the higher-class groups. The disconnected transportation network has rendered families, especially those from the middle to high-income groups, to rely on private vehicles for their daily mobility. Due to this situation, children might spend more time on car rides or child-care services such as daycare or domestic nanny. The government has been trying to improve the Greater Jakarta Metropolitan Area’s child-friendly city by creating some child-friendly city policies and interventions. But how effective are they to resolve the current issues faced by many Jakartan families? Through this article, we intend to identify families’ everyday problems in Jakarta to meet the juggle demands and assess the effectiveness of those policies to resolve the daily issues faced by families in Jakarta. The data were collected through document analysis, internet-based data collection, and in-depth online interviews with 16 respondents living in Greater Jakarta Metropolitan Area. The findings indicated several improvements that Jakarta needs to address to provide a child-friendly environment for its residents.

LARGE SADDLE PULMONARY EMBOLUS IN AN ASYMPTOMATIC PATIENT

SESSION TITLE: Medical Student/Resident Pulmonary Vascular Disease Posters SESSION TYPE: Med Student/Res Case Rep Postr PRESENTED ON: October 18-21, 2020 INTRODUCTION: Pulmonary embolism (PE) represents a mechanical obstruction of one or more branches of the pulmonary vasculature, usually due to a blood clot. Saddle PE lodges at the bifurcation of the main pulmonary artery, often extending into the right and left main pulmonary arteries. Approximately 3 to 6 percent of patients with PE present with a saddle embolus. We report an atypical case of asymptomatic large saddle PE with normal right heart function. CASE PRESENTATION: A 47-year-old male with history of diabetes, OSA, hypertension, obesity and family history of Factor V Leiden mutation presented with 1-day history of progressively worsening left leg pain and swelling. He denied any fevers, chills, SOB, cough or palpitations, recent surgery, or long car rides. On physical examination, the patient was comfortable, alert and oriented, afebrile, respiratory rate 21/minute, saturating 97% on room air. Laboratory workup was insignificant. EKG showed sinus tachycardia. Venous scan of left lower extremity revealed subacute deep venous thrombosis (DVT) involving the left femoral and popliteal veins. CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) revealed extensive bilateral pulmonary emboli with large saddle. 2D ECHO revealed normal left ventricle (LV) systolic function with ejection fraction >55% and normal right ventricle (RV) size and function. Patient was started on heparin drip and switched to Eliquis. He was discharged home in a stable condition. DISCUSSION: Saddle PE is a radiologic definition and refers to thrombus that straddles the bifurcation of the pulmonary artery trunk. Saddle PE is found in 2.6% to 5.4% of patients with PE.1,2 Patients with saddle PE presented more frequently with concurrent DVT on hospital admission (75%).3 The presenting symptoms are dyspnea (72%), syncope (43%). Our patient presented with progressive left leg swelling and pain with DVT and no respiratory symptoms. Alkinj et al in 20172 had reported that 18% of patients with saddle PE had normal RV systolic function. One third patients had hemodynamic instability fulfilling the definition of massive PE unlike in our patient. Our patient was hemodynamically stable and had normal RV function, the risk of bleeding outweighed the benefits of fibrinolytic therapy, therefore this patient was managed with conventional treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Despite looking sinister in appearance on imaging studies, patients with saddle pulmonary embolus may be nearly asymptomatic, hemodynamically stable and can be successfully managed with conventional treatment. Reference #1: Ryu JH, Pellikka PA, Froehling DA, Peters SG, Aughenbaugh GL.Saddle pulmonary embolism diagnosed by CT angiography: frequency,clinical features and outcome. Respir Med. 2007;101(7):1537-1542. Reference #2: Alkinj B, Pannu BS, Apala DR, Kotecha A, Kashyap R, Iyer VN. Saddle vs Nonsaddle Pulmonary Embolism: Clinical Presentation, Hemodynamics, Management, and Outcomes. Mayo Clin Proc. 2017;92(10):1511-1518. Reference #3: Girard P, Musset D, Parent F, Maitre S, Phlippoteau C, Simonneau G. High prevalence of detectable deep venous thrombosis in patients with acute pulmonary embolism. Chest 1999;116:903-8. DISCLOSURES: No relevant relationships by Salil Avasthi, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by DEEPTI AVASTHI, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by Rathnavali Katragadda, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by Shanti Pittampalli, source=Web Response

Dos Suburbios coloridos aos horizontes molhados

Nossa historiografia tem dado pouca atenção para os processos de expansão urbana de extensão das cidades na décadas de 1920 e 1930 por meio de planos feitos por profissionais nao indentificados como urbanistas, mas influenciados de alguma forma por diretrizes do urbanismo moderno. O presente texto pretende contribuir para este debate por meio da análise das intervenções urbanas realizadas na cidade de Recife durante o período 1922-1926. Elaboradas e realizadas quando o Estado de Pernambuco estava sob o governo de Sérgio Loreto e a prefeitura sob Antonio de Góes, estas intervenções dirigiram o crescimento para os subúrbios, como a urbanização de Campina do Derby, novo parque e bairro com base nos princípios de design da Garden City e a construção da avenida Boa Viagem, uma avenida costeira de cerca de cinco quilômetros, além de uma série de intervenções pontuais de modernização, retificação e pavimentação de antigos largos e praças em áreas suburbanas. Opondo-se aos padrões tipológicos das áreas centrais, adotou-se uma ocupação de casas isoladas no lote e um desenho urbano moderno. Esses trabalhos de expansão contribuíram para a estrutura urbana do Recife atual. Estas áreas também se tornaram um lugar privilegiado para observar sensibilidades modernas emergentes: esportes, competições, discursos, demonstrações de massa, passeios de carro e desfiles.

Hunter McKelva Cole Reminisces about Eudora Welty and Country Churchyards: An Interview

Hunter McKelva Cole Reminisces about Eudora Welty and Country Churchyards:An Interview Elizabeth Sweeney Elizabeth Sweeney: I know that you knew Eudora Welty, and I wanted to ask you how you knew about her, how you became interested in her. Hunter McKelva Cole: When I was a high school pupil in the 1950s, our eleventh-grade English class read a story by Eudora Welty, a person not known to us. As curious teenagers, the boys and girls were acquainted with Mark Twain, William Shakespeare, Franklin W. Dixon (Hardy Boys books), the author Carolyn Keene (Nancy Drew mysteries), and others. But Eudora Welty? Not at all. I still can recall the illustration placed within the text of her story. A witchy figure is bending down to pick up a coin that has fallen onto the path. By some fluke, I remember the name of the artist who created the illustration: Milo Winter. Amazed that some literary lady from our rustic state had produced something printed in a book, I told my family about this unexpected pleasure. It was unusual back then for school children to encounter fiction by living authors, much less by any Mississippi author. Although our schools were excellent, our literature books included mainly literary staples of the past—O. Henry (master of "surprise endings"), Jack London, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Louisa May Alcott, "A Christmas Carol," Tom Sawyer, Hans Brinker and the Silver Skates, "The Lady or the Tiger," "Little Orphan Annie," Emily Dickinson, Helen Hunt Jackson ("October's Bright Blue Weather"), Edgar Allan Poe, and such. As a respite from diagramming sentences and deeply drilling grammar, school literature seemed to be valued as pastime entertainment rather than as serious art. When our books might include some anomaly such as Alphonse Daudet's "The Last Class," I wondered how chance had stirred a French writer, as well as Eudora Welty, into the edifying mixture. Mother told me that she had been in college with this Eudora Welty. In fact, they were in the same class at Mississippi State College for Women. Mother recalled Eudora rather casually and said that their dorm rooms were on the same floor but that they were not close friends. I was astonished that my own parent had encountered this published writer and had [End Page 183] never before bothered to mention the fact. So, I knew of Eudora Welty from the time I was midway of my high school years. I did not meet her until 1958, when I was a college student in Jackson, a time that I was bowed down in admiration of her books of stories and of her literary life. Eventually, to my good fortune, I got to know her rather well, and I knew her for about forty-two years. Occasionally, after I was living in Jackson, I would take her out to eat. We might take car rides in the country, but in late afternoons we would sit in her living room and talk. I loved listening, for she was indeed an accomplished talker, in addition to being a much admired fiction writer. Her soft voice was pleasing to my ears, and the light from the wall of windows made her eyes gleam. She got into the rhythm of her amusing narratives, by modulating her voice and gesturing broadly as though she were the comical person she was remembering. To my questions about E. M. Forster, Elizabeth Bowen, William Faulkner, Katherine Anne Porter, and other literary friends, she customarily would recount some association or experience in which their lives crossed. Her commentaries about them and about works she admired carried me ever more deeply into the living world of literature. She shared reminiscences, insights, and droll anecdotes, preferring almost never to speak about herself but always focusing on others. Her quick wit was a delight to me. Memories, I judged from our conversations, were precious to her. In her last years, like many other old people, she repeated stories she already had told. Enjoying every word, I sat hunkered on the sofa amid an unsorted clutter of mail, magazines, and unwanted books that hopeful writers had sent. Seated there across from me, she was very dear and inspiring. As...

Why buy new when one can share? Exploring collaborative consumption motivations for consumer goods

AbstractThe notion of collaborative consumption or sharing economy—where consumers share access to ownership of properties such as cars, clothes and accommodations—has gained tremendous popularity in recent years. Development of communication technologies and peer‐to‐peer communities has enabled consumers to coordinate sharing activities through various online platforms. Collaborative consumption involves sharing of both intangible (e.g., music, space and car rides) and tangible assets (e.g., household items, clothes and furniture). Activities such as renting, swapping, trading and purchasing/selling used consumer goods are included in the latter. Despite increasing academic attention on collaborative consumption, little research has been pursued in the context of consumer goods. The nature of consumption for tangible goods can be entirely different from that of intangible goods because people can exercise greater control over tangible goods, which results in greater psychological ownership than that for intangible goods. To address this gap, the objective of this study is to develop a scale that examines consumer motivations for collaborative consumption of consumer goods. Following Churchill's paradigm of scale development, the procedures of scale item generation, purification and validation were conducted via in‐depth interviews, literature review and surveys. The study identified five underlying dimensions of collaborative consumption of consumer goods: concern‐for‐sustainability, social, variety‐seeking, fun and cost‐saving. Study findings and implications are discussed, and future research avenues are suggested.

Asymmetric Information in Automobile Insurance: Evidence From Driving Behavior

AbstractBased on a unique data set of driving behavior we test whether private information in driving characteristics has significant effects on contract choice and risk in automobile insurance. We define a driving factor based on overall distance driven, number of car rides, and speeding. Using local weather conditions, we account for the endogeneity of the driving factor. While this driving factor has an effect on risk, there is no significant evidence for selection effects in the level of third‐party liability and first‐party insurance coverage.

A RARE CASE OF SOLITARY FIBROUS TUMOR OF THE LUNG PRESENTING WITH CAVITARY LESION AND THROMBOEMBOLISM

SESSION TITLE: Lung Cancer 2 SESSION TYPE: Med Student/Res Case Rep Postr PRESENTED ON: 10/09/2018 01:15 PM - 02:15 PM INTRODUCTION: Solitary fibrous tumors (SFT) are fibroblastic mesenchymal tumors that most commonly develop in lungs and pleura. The majority are benign and do not invade or metastasize. CASE PRESENTATION: A 60-year-old male was admitted with cough, sputum production, night sweats, and progressive right leg edema and erythema of 14 days duration. Patient denied fever, chills, anorexia or weight loss. At admission, vital signs were stable. Patient had leukocytosis, normocytic normochromic anemia, normal LDH and haptoglobin, thrombocytosis with 619K platelets. He had elevated PTT 33.6, normal PT/INR. FOBT was negative. Chest x-ray showed right lung apical cavitary lesion which was not present on CXR done three years ago. Patient was a heavy smoker. He denied history of incarceration, sick contacts, recent surgery, immobilization, long flights or car rides. Lower extremity venous doppler showed right popliteal and femoral DVT. CT angiography was negative for PE but showed an irregular cavitary lesion in the right upper lobe with surrounding nonspecific opacities and bilateral hyperinflation. CT abdomen was negative for masses or hepatosplenomegaly. Blood cultures, three acid-fast smears, quantiferon TB, West Nile virus, HIV, hepatitis B and C were negative. Bronchoscopy and broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) showed 400 WBCs, mainly lymphocytes. Two BAL cultures were negative for bacterial or fungal growth and cytology was negative for malignancy. CT-guided biopsy of the right upper lobe was consistent with SFT: immunoperoxidase stains for pancytokeratin, CK5/6, calretinin, CD34, WT1 and CD99 showed dense fibroblastic proliferation, scattered cytokeratin positive cells, maturity subset stromal and spindle cells without malignant features. Patient was planned for surgical resection of the tumor. DISCUSSION: Patients with SFTs are either asymptomatic or present with non-specific symptoms such as cough, chest pain, dyspnea, and rarely hemoptysis and mass effect. Paraneoplastic symptoms, specifically hypoglycemia, digital clubbing, and hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy can develop. SFTs typically present as homogeneous masses on CT scans, but cystic masses have been reported. Reports of cavitary SFT as we described in our patient are extremely rare. To our knowledge, there are no reports of SFT cases with paraneoplastic hypercoagulability syndromes. Since regardless of the histologic type the behavior of these tumors is often unpredictable and approximately 10-20% recur or metastasize, surgical resection is recommended. CONCLUSIONS: We presented a case report of a patient who developed cavitary pulmonary SFT accompanied by thrombocytosis and paraneoplastic hypercoagulability syndrome leading to DVT. Clinicians should consider the diagnosis of SFT in patients with similar unusual presentations and plan for early surgical removal of the tumor to reduce the likelihood of recurrence and metastases. Reference #1: Chick, J.F.B., Chauhan, N.R. and Madan, R., 2013. Solitary fibrous tumors of the thorax: nomenclature, epidemiology, radiologic and pathologic findings, differential diagnoses, and management. American Journal of Roentgenology, 200(3), pp.W238-W248. Reference #2: van Houdt, W.J., Westerveld, C.M., Vrijenhoek, J.E., van Gorp, J., van Coevorden, F., Verhoef, C. and van Dalen, T., 2013. Prognosis of solitary fibrous tumors: a multicenter study. Annals of surgical oncology, 20(13), pp.4090-4095. Reference #3: Tay, C.K.J., Teoh, H.L. and Su, S., 2015. A common problem in the elderly with an uncommon cause: hypoglycaemia secondary to the Doege-Potter syndrome. BMJ case reports, 2015, p.bcr2014207995. DISCLOSURES: No relevant relationships by Alexander Goldstein, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by ASM ISLAM, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by Phyo Kyaw, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by Lusine Nahapetyan, source=Web Response No relevant relationships by AHMED TAHA, source=Web Response

Considering parental hearing status as a social determinant of deaf population health: Insights from experiences of the "dinner table syndrome"

The influence of early language and communication experiences on lifelong health outcomes is receiving increased public health attention. Most deaf children have non-signing hearing parents, and are at risk for not experiencing fully accessible language environments, a possible factor underlying known deaf population health disparities. Childhood indirect family communication–such as spontaneous conversations and listening in the routine family environment (e.g. family meals, recreation, car rides)–is an important source of health-related contextual learning opportunities. The goal of this study was to assess the influence of parental hearing status on deaf people’s recalled access to childhood indirect family communication. We analyzed data from the Rochester Deaf Health Survey–2013 (n = 211 deaf adults) for associations between sociodemographic factors including parental hearing status, and recalled access to childhood indirect family communication. Parental hearing status predicted deaf adults’ recalled access to childhood indirect family communication (χ2 = 31.939, p < .001). The likelihood of deaf adults reporting “sometimes to never” for recalled comprehension of childhood family indirect communication increased by 17.6 times for those with hearing parents. No other sociodemographic or deaf-specific factors in this study predicted deaf adults’ access to childhood indirect family communication. This study finds that deaf people who have hearing parents were more likely to report limited access to contextual learning opportunities during childhood. Parental hearing status and early childhood language experiences, therefore, require further investigation as possible social determinants of health to develop interventions that improve lifelong health and social outcomes of the underserved deaf population.

Boosting Ride Sharing With Alternative Destinations

People living in highly populated cities increasingly experience decreased quality of life due to pollution and traffic congestion. With the objective of reducing the number of circulating vehicles, we investigate a novel approach to boost ride-sharing opportunities based on the knowledge of the human activities behind individual mobility demands. We observe that in many cases the activity motivating the use of a private car (e.g., going to a shopping mall) can be performed in many different places. Therefore, when there is the possibility of sharing a ride, people having a pro-environment behavior or interested in saving money can accept to fulfill their needs at an alternative destination. We thus propose activity-based ride matching (ABRM), an algorithm aimed at matching ride requests with ride offers, possibly reaching alternative destinations where the intended activity can be performed. By analyzing two large mobility datasets extracted from a popular social network, we show that our approach could largely impact urban mobility by resulting in an increase up to 54.69% of ride-sharing opportunities with respect to a traditional destination-oriented approach. Due to the high number of ride possibilities found by ABRM, we introduce and assess a subsequent ranking step to provide the user with the top-k most relevant rides only. We discuss how ABRM parameters affect the fraction of car rides that can be saved and how the ranking function can be tuned to enforce pro-environment behaviors.