Car Parking Space Research Articles

지방 하위시장의 아파트 가격 결정요인 분석

This study aims to identify the characteristics of apartment price determinants between two local submarkets, and to ascertain the price differential between branded and non-branded apartments and corporate location. Multi-Regression analysis was conducted on the total number of apartments transacted in Geoje City over the past four years, using the actual transaction price of apartments as the dependent variable and structure, complex, brand, and corporate location characteristics as independent variables. The results indicate that in Suyang-dong(high prices), the variables of floor, floor area ratio, and brand have a positive effect, while the variables of rooms and corporate distance have a negative effect. In Okpo-dong(low prices), the number of car parking spaces and brand variables have a positive effect. Branded apartments are priced higher than non-branded apartments. Additionally, the value ratio of branded apartments is higher in the lower-priced area. Price discrepancies may exist within the same area, Consequently, branded apartments that cater to local characteristics can command high prices, even in price sub-areas.

Can self-reliant societies be potential adopters of electric bicycles? Examining the role of sociopsychological influences among the university employees in India

Electric bicycles (e-bikes) are gaining popularity globally as green and active modes of transport. Research on e-bike adoption to date has predominantly investigated various extrinsic motivations to use an e-bike, and little is known about the psychological influences. Examining the influence of psychological determinants is crucial to comprehend the unobserved individual and social factors affecting e-bike adoption. This study aims to determine the sociopsychological influences associated with e-bike use among the daily commuters (employees) of two university campuses in India which represent self-reliant societies. The study extends the classic Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) framework to account for influences like personal norms, knowledge of e-bikes, and parking anxiety, in addition to fundamental TPB constructs (attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control). Results are constructed by a structural equation model (SEM) for a sample of 347 non-users of e-bikes. SEM model indicates that among all TPB constructs, subjective norms are the strongest predictors of intentions to use e-bikes. Both subjective norms and attitudes have a significant positive effect on adoption intentions, whereas perceived behavioural control has a significant negative effect. Personal norms had significant indirect positive effects on e-bike use intentions with fundamental TPB constructs as mediators. Interestingly, parking anxiety (anxiety from missing the car parking spaces) positively, and knowledge of e-bikes negatively influence the e-bike adoption intentions. Further, comparison by psychological influences reveals that a significant difference exists between the perceptions of the two university commuters towards e-bike use, possibly due to the distinct terrain and climate characteristics of the universities. The study findings have implications for designing effective e-bike interventions and awareness programs seeking to promote e-bike adoption, particularly in self-reliant communities.

Karakteristik dan Kebutuhan Parkir Pada Taman Kopassus Banten

The research was conducted at Kopassus Park with the aim of determining Parking Characteristics, including Parking Accumulation, Vehicle Parking Volume, Parking Index, Turn Over, Parking Headway, and Parking Space Requirements. The survey was conducted for a duration of seven days. The data obtained consisted of vehicle entry and exit data for both cars and motorcycles. The research results showed that the maximum parking index for cars on June 18, 2023, was 56%, indicating that the demand for car parking space did not exceed the available parking capacity. Similarly, for motorcycles, the maximum parking index on June 23, 2023, was 28.3%, indicating that the demand for motorcycle parking space did not exceed the available capacity. The minimum headway for cars occurred on June 18, 2023, between 2:00 PM and 3:00 PM, with a value of 3 minutes per vehicle, while the minimum headway for motorcycles occurred on June 18, 2023, between 12:00 PM and 1:00 PM, with a value of 3.75 minutes per vehicle. The largest parking space requirement for cars on June 18, 2023, was 161 square meters, with the parking area for cars at Kopassus Park totaling 569.49 square meters, still able to accommodate vehicles during peak hours. The maximum parking space requirement for motorcycles on June 19, 2023, was 34.5 square meters, with the parking area for motorcycles at Kopassus Park totaling 121.20 square meters.

Time Aware Long Short-Term Memory and Kronecker Gated Intelligent Transportation for Smart Car Parking

Technology desires to improve quality of life and impart citizen’s health as well as happiness. The concept of Internet of Things (IoT) refers to smart world where prevailing objects are said to be embedded and hence interact with each other (i.e., between objects and human beings) to achieve an objective. In the period of IoT as well as smart city, there is requirement for Intelligent Transport System-based (ITS) ingenious smart parking or car parking space prediction (CPSP) for more feasible cities. With the increase in population and mushroom growth in vehicles are bringing about several distinct economic as well as environmental issues. One of pivotal ones is optimal parking space identification. To address on this problem, in this work, Time-aware Long Short-Term Memory and Kronecker product Gated Recurrent Unit (TLSTM-KGRU) for smart parking in internet of transportation things is proposed. The TLSTM-KGRU method is split into two sections. In the first section, smart parking occupancy is derived using Time-aware Long Short-Term Memory (Time-aware LSTM) for Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre car parking sensor dataset. Following which the resultant smart car occupancy results are subjected to Linear Interpolations and Kronecker product Gated Recurrent Unit for predicting smart parking. When compared against other predictive methods such as SGRU-LSTM and CPSP using DELM, our experimental outcomes denote that TLSTM-KGRU method has improved performance for smart parking occupancy forecast as it not only enhances sensitivity and specificity but also reduces prediction time with minimum delay.

The contested value of parklets

ABSTRACT This paper examines the different values that stakeholders associate with parklets: small open spaces temporarily installed onto curbside car-parking spaces. It explores the growing debate in policy, research and the media around parklets’ value for the public and for the hospitality businesses that host most of them. The paper aims to inform policy deliberations around parklets by identifying and analyzing the diverse values that have been associated with them. It locates these values within the key policy concerns that shape the broader practices of temporary and tactical urbanism: urban intensity, community engagement, innovation, resilience and place identity. It evaluates whether parklets can have detectable and achievable impacts on different policy aims associated with them: whether the various specified policy values are strong, weak, wishful or hidden. The findings illuminate the contours of policy debates around parklets and indicate why certain policy objectives have been better served by parklets than others.

CAR PARKING NEEDS ANALYSIS AT CAMPUS A, JAKARTA STATE UNIVERSITY IN THE CONSTRUCTION PERIOD

Parking is the main supporting facility in the campus environment. Jakarta State University (UNJ) is one of the state universities in the DKI Jakarta province. The increase in the number of UNJ students every year certainly causes an increase in the need for parking, especially on Campus A UNJ as the main campus. Coupled with a construction project in Campus A UNJ, the parking area, especially car parking, is getting narrower. Based on these problems, it is necessary to research parking arrangements at Campus A UNJ. This study aims to determine the need for parking and arrange the car parking area for Campus A UNJ according to the demand for car parking space that existed during the construction period. The parking space arrangement for Campus A UNJ considers UNJ's policy as the manager in allocating parking spaces in the future. Primary data was obtained by conducting a field survey using the number plate survey method and PSU calculation survey while secondary data was obtained from UNJ parking inventory data. Primary data were obtained by conducting field surveys on 29 May-31 May and 8-9 June. The results showed that the value of the need for car parking in 2023 was 367 PSU cars, while the number of parking lots available at Campus A UNJ was 389 PSU. The peak day occurs on Tuesday 30 May 2023 and the peak hour for parking accumulation occurs at 13.00-14.00 WIB. With a parking index close to 100%, this can make it difficult for drivers to find an empty parking space, especially considering the pattern of car parking in the UNJ campus A parking area rotates in one direction so that the opportunity to find an empty parking space during peak parking hours only has a one-time or one-time chance. parking spaces at peak parking hours only have a one-time chance or the driver must first exit the parking lot and then enter again to find an empty parking space. The arrangement of car parking modeling will also be presented in this article. It is hoped that the results of this early-stage research can provide an overview and recommendations on parking management methods at Campus A UNJ.

Determinants of zero-car and car-owning apartment households

AbstractWhile much research has explored the determinants of car ownership, there is little understanding of these factors in the context of apartment households, where off-street car parking provision is frequently stipulated by planning requirements and zero-car households are more evident. Drawing on a survey of apartment residents (n = 1316) in three Australian cities, this study aimed to understand the determinants of zero-car and car-owning apartment households. The data was analysed using binary and multinominal logistic regression, including random parameter modelling. A joint model of car ownership and off-street car parking supply was also developed to account for potential endogeneity between these two variables. The results highlight the significant association between car ownership and off-street car parking supply, alongside a range of socio-demographics, attitudes, perceptions, built environment and transport characteristics. An additional off-street car parking space, on average, was found to increase the odds of having 2+ cars, compared with zero cars, by around 10 times. The findings imply that reducing off-street residential car parking requirements can play a significant role in supporting lower car ownership levels among apartment households.

Assessing the Benefits of Climate-Sensitive Design with Nature-Based Solutions for Climate Change Adaptation in Urban Regeneration: A Case Study in Cheltenham, UK

Addressing the challenge of climate adaptation necessitates an evidence-based approach. The integration of nature into urban spaces is vital in mitigating the effects of climate change, which can be accomplished through the regeneration of grey areas. Consequently, the incorporation of nature-based solutions (NBS) becomes indispensable for the creation of climate-resilient public spaces. However, only a few studies have considered climate change simulated data to design climate-resilient spaces in the UK. Thus, in this study, we evaluated the benefits of two scenarios for regenerating an existing car park space in Cheltenham with 30% and 50% NBS. These design scenarios were the outcomes of a 3-day design workshop aiming to create a climate-resilient public space with NBS. Using ENVI-met software (version 5.0.3) and weather data for the second-highest heatwave in Cheltenham, UK, in 2017 and 2050 predictions, we analysed temperature impacts. Results show NBS could reduce the mean radiant temperature by 6 to 15 degrees. An average decrease of 1.2 in the predicted mean vote (PMV) value, indicating an improvement in thermal comfort within the 50% NBS scenario, highlights its climate adaptation benefits. Comparison between the 30% and 50% NBS scenarios reveals the importance of strategy implementation. This evidence will aid future urban projects in designing climate-resilient and healthy cities, benefiting planning authorities, architects, urban planners, landscape architects, and researchers.

MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF THE EFFICIENCY OF CAR PARKING SPACES ALONG THE ROADSIDE

Worldwide, the number of vehicles on the road has been rapidly increasing during the past decade, despite the continued development of public transport. Therefore, the problem of lack of parking spaces is occurring in many countries. Focusing on parallel car parking spaces along the roadside, there are two types of parking spaces: marked parking lots and parking zones (or undivided parking lots). This paper is dedicated to the comparison between the efficiency of these two types of parking spaces. Agent-based modeling is used to simulate the scenario of parking with particular input parameters such as driver behavior and car length. The experimental results show that various conditions of the society, namely driver behavior, car length, and marked parking lot length, are key parameters to determine whether a marked parking lot or a parking zone is more efficient.

Data-based understanding and optimization of sustainability of university mobility: two case studies

Recently, Italian universities started to collect data on the mobility choices of their communities, in an effort to move towards more sustainable forms of transport. Two examples will be detailed here. First, to foster a significant shift from car to sustainable transport in commuting, car parking space inside university locations will be allocated using individual “sustainable accessibility” indices favoring people that have real difficulties in adopting more eco-friendly modes of transport. To this end, we harness all available data on public transport services as well as road traffic to assess how fast and comfortable commuting sustainably is compared to traveling by car for any specific individual from home to university. The whole process will be web-based, allowing for fast batch computation of such indices for large numbers of people. Second, since university mobility management includes agreements with suppliers of mobility services (such as sharing), offering incentives for their use, we try to shape such agreements based on a community consultation to determine what are the sharing services subscription arrangements most appealing to interested users, thus maximizing their potential.

Playful, portable, pliable interventions into street spaces: deploying a ‘playful parklet’ across Melbourne’s suburbs

ABSTRACT A parklet is a small, relocatable public space installed onto kerb-side car-parking spaces. This article examines the evolving design, programming, approval process and reception of a ‘playful parklet’, available for free public use, which was transformed and relocated between four urban contexts in Melbourne. It demonstrated a creative, collaborative placemaking approach involving artists, game-makers, researchers, residents and local governments. Through analysis of its playful, portable and pliable design, the article highlights three areas of innovation: testing new post-COVID governance and engagement possibilities; incorporating adaptability and incremental adjustment into parklet design; and serving as a platform for new modes of social and spatial play.

Do citizens support the transformation of urban transport? Evidence for the acceptability of parking management, car lane conversion and road closures from a German case study.

Facing the challenges of motorised traffic, many cities around the globe started implementing measures to transform their urban transport systems. One of the major challenges for the success of adequate policies is not only their effectiveness but also whether they are accepted by city residents. With a quantitative case study in four neighbourhoods in Frankfurt am Main (N = 821), this article investigates the acceptability of three measures: (i) parking management, (ii) the conversion of car lanes into cycle lanes and (iii) the closure of an inner city arterial road to car traffic. The results show a surprisingly high acceptability for all measures if the benefits for local residents are tangible. Thus, successful policy packages may combine push measures with either pull measures, as suggested frequently in the literature, or with improvements for other land uses (e.g. re-using former car-parking spaces for non-transport purposes, such as greenery or seating areas). Furthermore, the perceived effectiveness, daily travel practices and intentions to reduce car use, the built environment and, to a lesser degree, socio-demographics explain differences in acceptability by population group.

Road space reallocation in Scotland: A health impact assessment

IntroductionRoad space reallocation involves re-distributing space away from motor vehicles, including car parking and carriageway space, towards other uses. This can promote a shift to more sustainable travel modes and is likely to affect health through multiple pathways. MethodsWe conducted a health impact assessment to identify and assess the potential impacts of road space reallocation on health and health inequalities in Scotland. This involved a facilitated scoping workshop to identify potential impacts, collation of routine data, interviews with 13 key informants and a rapid review of research literature. ResultsWe found that road space reallocation could have positive impacts on health by reducing overall levels of private motorised traffic, encouraging walking, wheeling and cycling, realising benefits from alternative uses of space and supporting local businesses. There is potential for positive impact on public transport if space is reallocated to prioritise buses, but bus users can also be disadvantaged if bus routes are diverted or stops impeded. Reallocation can improve transport and health equity if it increases support for modes other than car use, but disabled people may be disadvantaged if the reallocated space, and alternative modes, are not accessible for them. ConclusionsRoad space reallocation can improve health and help reduce health inequalities. However, consideration is needed to ensure sufficient alternatives to car use are supported and the reallocated space is accessible for people with different needs. Reallocation schemes should be considered as part of a wider inclusive approach to road transport supporting active travel and public or community transport. Road space reallocation should contribute to wider place-making initiatives aiming to improve quality of local environments and meet community needs.

Detection of car parking space by using Hybrid Deep DenseNet Optimization algorithm

AbstractInternet of Things (IoT) and related applications have revolutionized most of our societal activities, enhancing the quality of human life. This study presents an IoT‐based model that enables optimized parking space utilization. The paper implements a Hybrid Deep DenseNet Optimization (HDDNO) algorithm for predicting parking spot availability involving Machine Learning (ML) and deep learning techniques. The HDDNO‐based ML model uses secondary data from the National Research Council Park (CNRPark) in Pisa, Italy. Different regression algorithms are employed to forecast parking lot availability for a given time as part of the prediction process. The DenseNet technique has generated promising results, whereas the HDDNO model yielded better accuracy. The use of five optimizers, namely, Adaptive Moment Estimation (Adam), Root Mean Squared Propagation (RMSprop), Adaptive Gradient (AdaGrad), AdaDelta, and Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), have played significant roles in minimizing the loss of the model. The part of Adam has enabled the HDDNO model to generate predictions with high accuracy 99.19% and low loss 0.0306%. This proposed methodology would significantly improve environmental safety and act as an initiative toward developing smart cities.

BURGLARS’ ATTACK IN DETACHED HOUSE (PART 1): CASE STUDY ON REGIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF POSITIONAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STREETS AND DAMAGED WINDOWS AND DOORS

This paper surveys position of repairments damaged by burglars’ attack. The pattern of hotspots are mainly two types. In Tokyo metropolitan and Kanagawa, attacks are found mainly at back of the house, where lack of natural surveillance from pedestrians. In Chubu, attacks are often found at the front of the house where looking from streets easily, though back is attacked as well. Case studies show the possibility that burglars drive cars into housing lots in Chubu with wide front carparking space, while pedestrians prevent burglary attack on doors and windows getting natural surveillance in Tokyo and Kanagawa area.

Understanding the capacities of urban street spaces by mapping Melbourne’s parklets

ABSTRACT During the COVID-19 pandemic, many parklets have been deployed onto kerbside carparking spaces throughout Melbourne, Australia, by street-fronting hospitality businesses, to provide socially-distanced outdoor dining spaces. These temporary parklets provide useful indicators of the varying capacities of urban streets to support street life and commercial activity. By examining the distribution of Melbourne’s parklets, this paper identifies numerous urban design factors that provide capacity for parklets, or inhibit them. The analysis shows parklets thrive on traditional, pedestrian-friendly shopping streets with narrow frontages and good access but low through-traffic. Car-dependent outer-suburban shopping streets and strip shopping centres also support numerous parklets. Key hindrances include commercial streets serving as arterial commuter routes and streets that already have extensive traffic-calming features. Minor side streets can provide parklet capacity, but many design conditions inhibit this. The paper challenges policy-makers, planners and designers to address a variety of impediments to creating more pedestrian-friendly street environments.

Do apartment residents have enough car parking? An empirical assessment of car parking adequacy in Australian cities

In planning new apartment developments, off-street car parking provision is frequently raised as a key concern. However, there is little understanding of the adequacy of off-street car parking for individual apartment households. Drawing on a survey of apartment residents in Perth, Melbourne, and Sydney (n = 1316), this research assesses the adequacy of off-street car parking provision for apartment households and provides an understanding of factors associated with an undersupply and oversupply of off-street car parking. Results show that around two-thirds (65.9%) of apartment households have a ‘balanced’ amount of off-street car parking, where the number of cars owned is equal to the number of allocated off-street car parking spaces. The remaining households either have an oversupply of off-street car parking (20.2%) or an undersupply (14.0%), almost always involving one parking space too many or one too few. Factors associated with an under/oversupply of off-street car parking are found to be largely related to household characteristics and residents' perceptions of parking issues. The findings highlight the potential for ‘unbundling’ off-street car parking from the purchase price or rental cost of apartment housing, while developing more tailored residential parking requirements that seek to prevent an under/oversupply of parking.

Research on Usage Distribution of Shared Cars Based on Visual Analysis

With the help of information technology, sharing economy came into being, developed and improved. In order to get the distribution of shared car use in Tel Aviv from the shared car location data set, this paper visually describes all the parking spots in the data set, and then analyzes the distribution of shared car use in Tel Aviv from two dimensions of time and space, and concludes that there are time-sharing differences and regional differences in shared car use in this city. The above research in this paper can provide reference for the service design of shared car parking space distribution, dispatcher distribution and car deployment time.

Design and Implementation of an Intelligent Parking System (ISPS) With Laser Security System (LSS)

      In order to solve one of the most important problems, especially in a large and crowded city like Baghdad, is finding an empty and secure car parking space.  In this work, an intelligent Smart Parking System (ISPS) has been investigated and developed by providing information about the empty lots and helping the driver to get to his parking spot with a rotary parking system to reduce the traffic in the parking area. The ISPS Park implements a car number plate recognition system as a security system for car identification. Moreover, for increased security, a fence with a Fiber-Optic vibration system has also been used to prevent any object from entering a parking space without a license. The ISPS was run with the pre-programmed controller to make minimum human involvement in the parking system to ensure access control in restricted places. Matlab with Arduino tools has been used for the car plate number recognition process and car entering control. The system shows that using RFID for entering and leaving is so fast and informative. A Fiber SenSys program has been used with the Alarm Processing Unit (APU) to prevent any unlicensed person from trying to cut, climb or crawl under a fence.

Determinants of Road Traffic Accidents in Hadiya Zone: The Case of Hosanna Town

The objective this study is to identify the major determinants of the traffic accidents in Hosanna town. The primary investigator used primary and secondary data sources for this research. The primary data was collected from 298 households’ survey and was analyzed by employing stat. Qualitative data was also gathered from focus group discussion and key informants interview to investigate the extent of accident and related impacts. Traffic accident documents, who served as secondary data sources, were also reviewed, compiled, organized, summarized and interpreted in light of the research objective. For this research binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between multiple explanatory, categorical variables. The study revealed that major factors behind road traffic accident were: Motor Cycle, Bajaj Motor, Minibus-taxies, Carts, Pedestrians, Age of the victims, Gender of the Victims, Deriving Experience, Helmet Use, Deriving Speed (at the time of accident), Availability of Multi-directional Way, Presence of Institutions or Organizations in the area of accident, Pedestrian Sideway, and Enforcement or Exercising the Law was significant. It was concluded from the research that it needs building pedestrians lane, alternative way for carts, assigning car parking space, broaden road safety education in regular class, controlling the level of implementation of the existing traffic law, equipping and empowering responsible sectors of road safety, strengthening coordination between responsible sectors and stockholders as well as using minibus-taxies were forwarded as to how to reduce the phenomenon of traffic accidents and to minimize its consequences in case of Hosanna town. DOI: 10.7176/RJFA/13-15-02 Publication date: August 31 st 2022