Capita GRDP Research Articles

Pengaruh Variabel Ekonomi dan Non Ekonomi tentang Indek Kebanggaan Orang di Indonesia

This study aims to measure the influence of economic and non-economic variables on the index of public happiness in Indonesia. The independent variables used in this study include: Economic Growth, Per Capita GRDP, Criminal Level, Unemployment Rate and General Allocation Fund (DAU) with Ordinary Least Square (OLS) analysis analysis techniques. From the calculation results, variables that have a significant influence on the welfare index in Indonesia are per capita GRDP, General Allocation Fund (DAU), Criminal Level, and Education Level. Whereas the insignificant variable in this model is economic growth. The independent variable in the model also has a significant influence of 4.73%. That is, when all the variables in this model move, the happiness index will change by 4.73%.

Analisis Pertumbuhan Ekonomi dan Ketimpangan Distribusi Pendapatan Provinsi Bali

This study aims to determine the Regency / City Classification in Bali Province based on the Klassen Typology, the condition of income distribution inequality between districts / cities, the relationship between income distribution inequality with per capita income, and whether the relationship forms the U-Reverse Kuznets Curve. This research is an analysis of secondary data obtained from BPS Bali Province. The analytical model used is Klassen Typology analysis, Williamson Index, Product Moment Correlation (Pearson). Klassen's Typology Results, Badung Regency and Denpasar City are included in Quadrant I area, Gianyar Regency is included in Quadrant III area, and the remaining 6 Regencies are included in Quadrant IV area. Furthermore, the Williamson Index Calculation in the Year of Observation shows that there is an imbalance in the Province of Bali which shows a downward trend. While the calculation result of Product Moment Correlation (Pearson) shows a very strong relationship between the Williamson Index and the Per capita GRDP and is negative, but the relationship does not form the Kuznets Curve to be a U-Reverse letter.

Analisis Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Ketimpangan Pendapatan Antar Daerah Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Tahun 2010-2018

The high level of income inequality in D.I Yogyakarta shows the existence of uneven economic development. This study aims to analyze the effect of per capita GRDP, total population, and general allocation funds in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. This study uses a fixed effect model (FEM) analysis method with secondary data in the form of panel data consisting of cross-sectional data from 5 districts/cities and time-series data from 2010 to 2018. The data is processed with Eviews 10. The results of the study indicate that the GRDP per capita variable has a significant effect on income inequality in D.I Yogyakarta. Meanwhile, the variables of Population and General Allocation Funds show insignificant results on the level of income inequality in D.I Yogyakarta

INTER-REGIONAL POVERTY DISPARITIES IN JAVA, INDONESIA: AN ANALYSIS OF KEY INFLUENCING FACTORS (2010-2020)

This study seeks to investigate the evolution of poverty in Java from 2010 to 2020, as well as the regional factors that contributing to disparities in poverty between regions. The results of the analysis indicate a downward trend in the number and proportion of poor people on the island of Java but a rise during the COVID-19 pandemic. There are regional distribution groups with high and low poverty rates. The results of the ANOVA reveal significant differences in the occurrence of urban poverty on the island of Java based on province and regional status but not by zone. Positively and negatively, the majority of the predictors have a very significant relationship with poverty. Six regional variables (level of consumption (expenditure), level of health (life expectancy), income per capita, level of education (number of years of schooling), population density (people/km2), and economic potential (GRDP at current prices)) account for 68.10% of the variation in the number of poor people in Java, while the remaining 31.9% is determined by other variables. The model of variation in Java's poverty is determined by three variables: per capita income, GRDP, and public consumption level.

PENGARUH BELANJA TRANSFER KE DAERAH DAN DANA DESA (TKDD) TERHADAP KETIMPANGAN PEMBANGUNAN DI INDONESIA

This research was conducted on the topic of the Influence of Regional Transfer and Village Fund Expenditure as government spending instruments in the state budget on Development Inequality in Indonesia. The study utilized Regional Transfer and Village Fund Expenditure (TKDD) data as the independent variable. Meanwhile, the dependent variables were the Regional Disparity Index (Williamson Index) and the Gini Ratio as representations of regional inequality in Indonesia. The data used consisted of panel data, including TKDD expenditure, per capita GRDP, and the population of each province in Indonesia from 2017 to 2021. The research employed a quantitative method using panel data regression analysis (Pooled data). Based on the LM Test results, the Random Effect Model was found to be better than the Common Effect Model for estimating the regression model between TKDD and the Williamson Index (IW) variables. Meanwhile, the best model for estimating the regression model between TKDD and the Gini Index (IG) variables was the Fixed Effect Model after conducting the Chow Test and Hausman Test. Regression testing results indicated that the TKDD variable had a negative and non-significant relationship with the IW variable (development inequality). This is evident from the coefficient value of -0.101798 and a probability value of 0.6012 (greater than 0.05), meaning it is not significant. Similarly, the regression results between the TKDD variable and the IG variable showed a coefficient value of -16477.71 and a probability value of 0.1410 (greater than 0.05), indicating non-significance.

Analysis of Factors that Influence APBD Revenues in Regencies/Cities across the Nias Islands

This study aims to determine how much influence per capita GRDP, education level, and health level have on district/city APBD revenues throughout the Nias archipelago in 2012 - 2022. The type of research used is descriptive quantitative. The data used is secondary data. This research is a panel data study with the panel data regression analysis method carried out with Eviews 12.0. The results showed that per capita GRDP, education level, and health level variables had a positive effect on district/city APBD revenues for the Nias archipelago in 2012 – 2022.

Determinants of School Participation at the Senior High School Level in Jawa Barat in 2017

Jawa Barat is one of the provinces with the largest population in Indonesia. However, educational problems still cannot be overcome, especially in secondary education. Seen from the Net Enrollment Ratio (APM) in 2017, Jawa Barat ranked as the eighth lowest in Indonesia and was the lowest APM achievement in Java. Even though the low level of education in human resources in a region can have many negative impacts on other social and economic phenomena. Therefore, this study aims to determine the factors that influence school participation in secondary school/ equivalent in Jawa Barat in 2017 at the individual level and the variations caused by the differences in characteristics of the regency/city at the contextual level. The analytical method used is multilevel. Binary logistic regression Based on the results of the analysis obtained, the individual variables that influence school participation are gender, age, the last educational level of the household head, the number of household members and the state of poverty. Meanwhile, the proportion between students and teachers at the context level and per capita GRDP affects the variation in school participation between regency/city in Jawa Barat in 2017.

Menata Ulang Masa Depan: Bagaimana Digitalisasi Logistik Dapat Mengkatalisasi Kinerja Ekonomi Pasca Pandemi Covid-19

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant changes in various aspects of life, especially in the economy sector in Indonesia in general and East Java Province specifically. The poor performance of Indonesia's logistics has been further burdened by the pandemic, hindering the industry as the main driver of the nation's economy. However, the pandemic that forced the entire community to adapt to the new normal era sparked the growth of digitalization. This is a breath of fresh air for the logistics aspect to utilize digital technology to achieve efficiency and re-drive economic growth. Using the digital competitiveness data (EV-DCI) and other digitalization indicators obtained from the Central Statistics Agency, this study attempts to prove the impact of digitalization at the provincial level in Indonesia on per capita GRDP growth through a reduction in logistics costs. This logistics cost reduction is assumed to be reflected in the Consumer Price Index for the transportation sector. From the 2SLS method used, although not statistically significant, the decrease in transportation CPI due to digitalization described by the increasing number of internet users, smartphone owners, and BTS in each province in Indonesia has an indicative impact to encourage economic performance. Through qualitative analysis, this study suggests policymakers, especially in East Java Province, to encourage digitalization in the logistics sector through the use of Warehouse Management System (WMS), Blockchain, and Transportation Management System (TMS) technologies in industries in East Java to optimize operational and cost efficiency

What determines the number of poverty-stricken people in Indonesia?

<p><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: Constantia, serif;" lang="EN-US">Poverty is seen as a condition where basic rights are not fulfilled as a mandatory condition for carrying out a dignified life for the community. This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing and obtaining empirical evidence of how the provincial minimum wage <em>(Upah Minimum Provinsi-UMP)</em>, Real Per Capita GRDP, and the open unemployment rate <em>(Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka</em>-<em>TPT</em>) can affect the number of poverty-stricken people in Indonesia in 2020. The method used in this research is quantitative, namely </span><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: Constantia, serif;" lang="EN-US">the </span><em><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: Constantia, serif;" lang="EN-US">Ordinary Least Square </span></em><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: Constantia, serif;" lang="EN-US">(OLS) technique, with secondary data obtained from the official website source of the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), which is processed using EViews 12 software<em>.</em> <em> </em>The final results of the research showed that partially the UMP and Real Per Capita GRDP variables have a significant effect on the number of poverty-stricken people in Indonesia in 2020, while TPT has no significant effect<em>.</em> However, when all three variables were tested simultaneously, the results showed that there was a significant effect on the number of poverty-stricken people in Indonesia in 20</span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Constantia',serif; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;" lang="EN-US">20</span><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 107%; font-family: Constantia, serif;" lang="EN-US">. Another result that was also shown in this study is the coefficient of determination (R2) at 0.7694 which means that 77% of the information needed to predict the dependent variable can be explained by all of the independent variables in this study.</span></p>

ELASTISITAS EKSPOR NIKEL TERHADAP IPM, DISTRIBUSI PENDAPATAN, DAN TINGKAT KEMISKINAN DI KABUPATEN LUWU TIMUR

The area of ??East Luwu Regency is an area with great potential in terms of natural resources and is where a local and multi-national company operates in the mining sector. The linkage of the mining sector must be improved in order to be able to attract upstream sectors (sectors that have backward linkages). The stronger the relationship between the mining sector and other main sectors such as building/construction, the greater its influence on the development of the East Luwu Regency. The purpose of this study was to analyze the elasticity of nickel exports to HDI, income distribution, and poverty levels. The type of data used is qualitative and quantitative and the source of data is secondary data using time series data for 11 years. Methods of data collection by using the method of observation and non-participant. The analytical technique used in this research is descriptive analysis and distribution lag model. The results of this study are (1) the elasticity of demand for nickel exports to the health index and education index in East Luwu district is inelastic (2) the elasticity of demand for nickel exports to per capita GRDP and the Gini Ratio in East Luwu district is inelastic (3) the elasticity of demand for nickel exports to Severity Index, Depth Index and Poverty Percentage in East Luwu Regency are Inelastic.

Analysis of Economic Growth and Poverty Rate in Central Kalimantan During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Purpose - This study aims to analyze the direct and indirect influence of GRDP PerCapita, High School Participation Rate, Labor Force Participation Rate, andPercentage of Population with Access to Clean Water on Poverty Rate throughEconomic Growth in Central Kalimantan during the 2017-2020 period.Design/methodology/approach - Data analysis using the Path Analysis model.Findings - The results of the study show that: 1) Per Capita GRDP, labor forceparticipation rate, and percentage of the population with access to clean water havea direct positive and significant influence on economic growth in CentralKalimantan. 2). Per Capita GRDP, high school participation rate, labor force participation rate, and percentage of the population with access to clean water havea direct positive and significant influence on the poverty rate in CentralKalimantan. 3). Economic growth has a direct positive and significant influence onthe poverty rate in Central Kalimantan. 4) Per Capita GRDP, High SchoolParticipation Rate, Labor Force Participation Rate, and Percentage of Populationwith Access to Clean Water have an indirect and significant influence on the PovertyRate through Economic Growth in Central Kalimantan.

Pengaruh Alokasi Dana Desa Terhadap Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Di Desa Bongganan

The formulation of the problem in this study is how is the influence of Village Fund Allocation on Community Welfare in Bongganan Village and How Significant is the Effect of Village Fund Allocation on Community Welfare in Bongganan Village. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence and significance of Village Fund Allocation on Community Welfare in Bongganan Village. Based on the results of simple linear regression testing, the mathematical equation Y = 18,612,339.7 + 0.01X means that GRDP per capita as an indicator of public welfare in a constant state is IDR 18,612,339.7. when there is influence from the Village Fund Allocation it will result in the Welfare of the Bongganan Village Community increasing by 0.01%. Based on the correlation test, it is found that the influence relationship is in the same direction, this can be seen from the r value which is positive. As for the level of closeness of the relationship, the results of r = 0.255 show a low correlation. This is reinforced by the results of the determination of r2 = 0.06 showing the ability of Village Fund Allocations to influence Per Capita GRDP as an indicator of Community Welfare of 6%. While 94% is caused by other factors. While the results of the significance test using the t-test, while the Statistical Test (t) obtained t-count < t-table indicates that there is no significant relationship between Village Fund Allocation and GRDP Per Capita as an indicator of Community Welfare.
 

지역경쟁력 요인이 지역경제성장에 미친 영향: 광주전남 초광역권을 중심으로

Purpose: Recently, the legal basis for the maga-region has been established, and interest in regional competitiveness is increasing. This study examines the influence of regional competitiveness factors on the growth of the regional economy, focusing on maga-regions, in terms of corporate innovation capability, economic power base, and creative potential, and examines policy implications.
 Research design, data, and methodology: This study categorizes the maga-region and uses the time series data from 2013 to 2018 to conduct a panel analysis through the LSDV (least squares dummy variable) model based on the ultra-wide area. In particular, independent variables derive competitiveness factors from the perspectives of corporate innovation capacity, economic base, and creative potential, and analyze the effects of these regional competitiveness factors on per capita GRDP and per capita GRDP growth rate.
 Results: As a result of the analysis, the influence of regional competitiveness factors based on the Gwangju and Jeonnam maga-region on GRDP per capita is as follows. First, in the field of corporate innovation capability, knowledge performance has a positive (-) effect. Next, in the economic power sector, industrial base, manufacturing base, SOC base, and financial power were found to have a statistically significant positive (+) effect. Lastly, in the creative potential sector, the talent index and amenity index had a statistically significant negative (-) was found to be affected.
 In addition, the influence of regional competitiveness factors on the per capita GRDP growth rate based on the Gwangju and Jeonnam metropolitan areas is as follows. First, in the field of corporate innovation capability, knowledge resources have a positive (+) effect. Next, in the economic power sector, the industrial base, manufacturing base, and SOC base were found to have a negative (-) effect, and the regional financial power had a positive (+) effect. Finally, in the area of creative potential, tolerance index and talent index had a positive (+) effect.
 Implications: This study has limitations in that it analyzed the influence factors of regional competitiveness factors on regional economic growth by classifying ultra-regional regions through regional dummies in a situation where interregional cooperation has not yet been established in earnest at the ultra-regional level. It is hoped that this study will serve as a starting point for monitoring regional economic growth for ultra-wide cooperation in a situation where the institutional foundation for fostering ultra-wide areas has recently been established.

PANDEMI COVID-19 SEBAGAI PEMODERASI PENGARUH SEKTOR PARIWISATA TERHADAP PENURUNAN PEREKONOMIAN DI PROVINSI BALI

The research objective is to examine and analyze the determinants of the tourism sector (Hotel room occupancy rate (TPKH), Total of domestic and foreign tourist visits (JWDM), and Total of Bali flights (PJB)) that influence Bali's economic growth and to determine the effect of the relationship between these determinants during the COVID-19 pandemic (a moderating factor) in the Province of Bali. A quantitative approach with secondary data from the Bali Province Central Statistics Agency website from January 2017 to December 2021. secondary data from three tourism indicators and COVID-19 as a moderating factor. This study use multiple linear regression to investigate the impact of a variety of related variables. The findings obtained during the analysis were that total of domestic and foreign tourists visits (JWBM) before the COVID-19 pandemic had a positive and significant relationship with Bali's economic growth. The TPKH variable before the COVID-19 pandemic and JWDM during the COVID-19 pandemic had a negative relationship to per capita GRDP in Bali. The JPB variable before the COVID-19 pandemic as well as TPKH and JPB during the COVID-19 pandemic had a negative and insignificant value for Bali's GRDP, which is a proxy for regional economic growth. This condition is due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which has reduced people's mobility; moreover, they have to do PPKM and "stay at home" so that positive cases of the disease can decrease. The government should conduct promotional operations for Bali's top tourist sites and provide direction to MSMEs and the tourism industry.

DETERMINAN PEMEKARAN WILAYAH DAN FRAGMENTASI PEMERINTAHAN DI INDONESIA

The phenomenon of making new autonomous local government is increasingly widespread in line with the policies of regional autonomy and fiscal decentralization in Indonesia. Many literatures show the local government proliferation in Indonesia is one of the fastest and largest in the world. This study aims to examine the determinants of local government proliferation and government fragmentation in Indonesia. Using panel data from 32 provinces in Indonesia for the period 2001-2013 with fixed effect model (FEM) analysis techniques. The study found that population density, per capita income level, and political aspects are factors that significantly affect territorial splits and government fragmentation in Indonesia. Meanwhile, fiscal capacity, ethnic diversity and income inequality have not been shown to significantly affect the level of fragmentation. The impetus for territorial splits is seen to increase in areas with low population density, high per capita GRDP levels, and high percentage of votes for political parties winning legislative elections. The level of Government Fragmentation in Indonesia is also higher after the implementation of the direct election system for local government head.

Analisis Ketimpangan Pembangunan dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Antar Wilayah Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Papua Tahun 2018-2021 (Analysis of Development Inequality and Economic Growth Between Regions Regency/City in Papua Province 2018-2021)

The economic development of the Papua Province has begun to be seen with the development of several regional potentials. However, these favorable conditions do not make the economic development of each Regency/City more evenly distributed. For this reason, research on inequality in development between districts in Papua Province is very necessary. Furthermore, the objective of this study is to analyze the level of development inequality and economic growth between districts/cities in Papua Province in 2018-2021.
 This research was conducted from November 2021 to February 2022. The data used are secondary data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of Papua Province; with the variables used: GRDP of Papua Province at Constant Prices, GRDP of Regency/City of Papua Province, Total Population of Papua Province, and Total Population of Regency/City of Papua Province. Analysis of the data used in this study is the analysis of regional inequality (Williamson Index) and analysis of the regional approach (Klassen Typology) with processing using Microsoft Excel.
 Based on the results of the research and discussion, the conclusions of this study are that: inequality that occurs in Papua Province between districts/cities in the 2018-2021 period had increased. The average Williamson Index score in Papua Province in the research period was 0.585256472 (or 0.59) with high inequality criteria. And, the classification of districts/cities based on economic growth and per capita GRDP in Papua Province uses the Klassen Typology analysis tool for the 2018-2021 period with a regional approach divided into four existing classifications. Developed and fast-growing regions, namely Merauke, Sarmi, Boven Digoel, Bintang Mountains, Nabire, Keerom, Supiori, Waropen, and Jayapura Regencies; developed but depressed areas, namely Kota Jayapura, Mamberamo Raya, and Mimika; areas developing fast but not developing, namely Puncak, Mappi, Biak Numfor, Central Mamberamo, Nduga, Lanny Jaya, Dogiyai, and the Yapen Islands; and relatively underdeveloped areas, namely Paniai, Jayawijaya, Deiyai, Yalimo, Tolikara, Puncak Jaya, Yahukimo, and Intan Jaya.

It takes two to Tango: The joint effect of democracy and fiscal capacity on economic growth in Indonesia

The literature continues to debate the effects of democracy and fiscal capacity on economic growth, both partially and jointly. To remedy the literature puzzle, this study examines the economic growth effects of democracy and fiscal capacity in 34 Indonesian provinces from 2016 to 2021. Using a fixed-effect model, this study documents no evidence of a partial effect; rather, it finds a joint effect of democracy and fiscal capacity on Indonesian economic growth. These findings remain relatively robust even when provincial heterogeneity, COVID-19 pandemic shocks, and sectoral composition are factored into the model. This finding indicates that regions with democracy and strong fiscal capacity possess relatively fast per capita GRDP growth. Based on these findings, the study concludes that democracy and fiscal capacity should exist side by side. Indonesia's sub-national economic growth strategy, like a tango game, requires reforming two types of decentralization: political decentralization to improve the quality of democracy that upholds the merit system and fiscal decentralization to expand local tax capacity to finance public goods productively.

PENGARUH PRODUK DOMESTIK REGIONAL BRUTO TERHADAP KONSUMSI MASYARAKAT KOTA KENDARI

This study aims to determine the effect of gross regional domestic product (GDP) on public consumption in Kendari City. The data used in this study is secondary data in the form of time series data with a time period of 2010-2021 consisting of GRDP data according to GRDP according to expenditures based on constant prices, per capita GRDP data and average per capita data. consumption expenditure. This study uses simple linear regression analysis. The software used in this study is Eviews 12. The results of this study indicate that GRDP per capita has a positive and significant influence on public consumption in Kendari City. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the per capita GRDP income is one of the important factors in changing the consumption pattern of the people in Kendari City.

The Impact of Gender Inequality and Economic Variables on Education Inequality: Panel Data Analysis

Education plays a central role and becomes one of the goals of sustainable development which must continuously be carried out equitably and can be accessed by anyone without any limitations on geographical conditions or social and economic status. However, the issue of education inequality has recently become a worrying concern, therefore the purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that influence education inequality in the Regency or City of East Java Province where the education inequality is the highest on the island of Java. The data used in this study is secondary data sourced from the Central Statistics Agency and the Ministry of Education. The analytical method used is panel data regression. The results showed that per capita GRDP, literacy rate, government spending in the education sector and gender inequality had an effect on educational inequality. So that government policies are needed that are able to build public awareness of the importance of investment in the field of human capital, and the role of education for women and men in achieving a better quality of life, as well as the need for policy reforms in placing government expenditure allocations for education that are more targeted.

Analisis Pengaruh PDRB Perkapita, Anggaran Sektor Kesehatan, Sektor Pendidikan Terhadap Indeks Pembangunan Manusia Se-Kabupaten Di Pulau Madura

This study aims to determine the factors that influence the Human Development Index in the Madura Island region. This study uses a quantitative descriptive method and the variables used in this study are HDI, per capita GRDP, Health Sector Budget, and Education Sector Budget on Madura Island. The data used in this study were obtained from BPS East Java Province. The results of this study indicate that GRDP per capita has a positive effect, the Health Sector Budget has a negative effect, and the Education Sector Budget has a positive effect on the Human Development Index in all districts on Madura Island.