Capita Ecological Capacity Research Articles

Dynamic change and driving force of natural capital in Qinghai Province based on the three-dimensional ecological footprint, China

Natural capital is a basic condition for human survival, and its utilization evaluation is the core issue of regional sustainable development. Based upon the improved three-dimensional ecological footprint model, this study discusses the dynamic changes in natural capital time series and spatial patterns in Qinghai Province from 2011 to 2020. The driving factors of ecological footprint change were revealed using partial least squares (PLS). The results demonstrate that (1) from 2011 to 2020, the per capita ecological footprint of Qinghai Province will increase from 2.505 hm2/person to 3.125 hm2/person. The per capita ecological capacity is affected by resource endowment and is maintained at 3.982–4.160hm2/person, thus indicating a weak downward trend year by year. (2) During the study period, the per capita EFdepth, of Qinghai exhibited an overall growth trend and increased from 1.299 hm2/person to 1.419 hm2/person. The per capita EFsize was primarily affected by the ecological capacity and reached the highest value of 1.352hm2/person in 2019. The three-dimensional model demonstrates that the per capita EFsize (bottom area) changes slightly during the four periods. (3) Over the past 10 years, the capital flow occupancy rate of Qinghai Province has increased from 26.23 % to 30.90 % with an average annual growth rate of 1.65 %, this indicating a large potential for natural capital utilization. (4) The PLS model revealed that energy consumption, ecological construction, social consumption, population, and economic development are the primary factors affecting the increase in natural capital utilization in Qinghai Province. This study aims to provide a reference for promoting regional sustainable development goals, for achieving coordinated development of resources, the environment, and the social economy, and for accelerating the construction of ecological civilization.

Temporal-Spatial Evolution of the Urban Ecological Footprint Based on Net Primary Productivity: A Case Study of Xuzhou Central Area, China

The urbanization process all over the world has caused serious ecological and environmental problems which have recently become a focus for study. Ecological footprint analysis, which is widely used to assess the sustainability of regional development, can quantitatively measure the human occupation of natural capital. In this study, the ecological footprint based on net primary production (EF-NPP) and MODIS data were used to measure the ecological footprint in Xuzhou central area from 2005 to 2014. The results showed that from 2005 to 2014, the per capita ecological footprint increased from 1.06 to 1.17 hm2/person; the per capita ecological capacity decreased from 0.10 to 0.09 hm2/person; the per capita ecological deficit increased from −0.96 to −1.09 hm2/person; and the ecological pressure index increased from 6.87 to 11.97. The composition of the ecological footprint showed that grassland contributed most to the ecological footprint and deficit, and cultivated land contributed most to the ecological capacity. The spatial distribution of the ecological footprint changed significantly, especially in the expansion of the area of lower value. The ecological capacity and deficit changed little. The ecological situation in Xuzhou central area was unbalanced. Based on this study, Xuzhou city was recommended to control the increase of the ecological footprint, improve the ecological capacity and balance the ecological pattern for sustainable development.

Assessing the Effect of Eco-City Practices on Urban Sustainability Using an Extended Ecological Footprint Model: A Case Study in Xi’an, China

Planning and construction are well-known practical topics; however, eco-city developments and their sustainable effects on the city are less known. Xi’an is a typical city that has a target to become an eco-city. This city is selected in this case study with the aims of (1) framing eco-practices to enhance the understanding of an eco-city development and (2) evaluating the effect of eco-practices to reveal whether they truly enhance urban sustainability. For the first objective, the framework was constructed in accordance with ecological footprint (EF) theory. For the second objective, environmental pollution was added to an extended EF model. The EF of Xi’an from 1999 to 2014 was calculated and analyzed. The results are as follows: (1) Water pollution control and water area development are core issues in the Xi’an eco-city development. Air pollution control and forest land development also play important roles in the eco-city development; (2) Eco-city practices contribute to the decreases of per capita EF and per capita ecological deficit because of the reduction in the EFs of water area, forest land, and arable land, thereby enhancing urban sustainability; (3) The effect of eco-city practices on the improvement of per capita ecological capacity (EC), the ECs of arable land, water area, pasture land, and forest land are not significant. Based on these results, this study provides practical implications for the promotion of urban sustainability through eco-city development.

天门市生态足迹分析

生态足迹是一种将某地区资源消耗和废弃物排放的影响转化为生物生产性土地的方法，它能够定量分析可持续发展的程度。该文对天门市5年来的生态足迹进行了计算分析。计算结果表明，天门市历年生态足迹呈不断增加趋势，5年间增加13.63%，人均承载力呈小幅波动增长，增长率为2.1%。而且人均生态足迹均呈现生态赤字现象，从2009年的0.66686 hm2增加到2013年的0.80852 hm2，增长率为21.24%。人均生态足迹和人均GDP逐年增大的同时，人均万元GDP足迹逐年减小。这一结果，反映天门市的资源利用已超出实际的生态承载力范围，经济发展过程中的生态状况不容乐观，并在此基础上提出天门市未来可持续发展可选途径。 As a method to measure the effect of environment, ecological footprint can assess the sustainable development level of a certain region. In this paper, we give an introduction to the concept of eco-logical footprint and computing modeling. Then, we take Tianmen City as a case study and assess its development situation from 2009 to 2013 by ecological footprint theory. The result showed that the per capita ecological footprint of Tianmen City increased 13.63% and the per capita ecological capacity increased 2.1% in the 5 years. This region had been in ecological deficit and increased by 21.24% from 0.66686 hm2 to 0.80852 hm2. The per capita ecological footprint and per capita GDP kept increasing, while the ecological footprint of ten thousand yuan GDP presented a downward trend. In addition to these analyses, the ecological footprint of Tianmen was beyond the available ecological capacity, and the ecological environment was at risk. The available measures for the sustainable development of Tianmen city in the future were put forward.

Study on Sustainable Use of Land Based on Ecological Footprint Model: a Case of Shenzhen

Reasonable use of land or not, directly related to the sustainable development of a country or region. This paper introduced the basic concept, calculation formula and method of the ecological footprint. We calculated the ecological footprint of Shenzhen by application of the ecological footprint model. The results showed that the per capita ecological footprint in Shenzhen in 2011 was approximately 2.486 hm2, while the per capita ecological capacity was approximately 0.0597 hm2, the per capita ecological deficit was approximately -2.433 hm2, and the ecological footprint is about 47.33 times greater than the ecological capacity. Finally, we discussed the limitations of applying the ecological footprint model to judge the sustainable use of land in this paper.

基于生态足迹方法的南京可持续发展研究

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 基于生态足迹方法的南京可持续发展研究 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201107281104 作者: 作者单位: 南京师范大学地理科学学院,南京师范大学地理科学学院 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(41271128);江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目(地理学);江苏省高校自然科学基础研究项目(11KJB170003) Study on sustainable development in nanjing based on ecological footprint model Author: Affiliation: Nanjing Normal Univesity,Nanjing Normal Univesity Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:20世纪90年代末以来,随着南京城市化进程的加快和城市建成区面积的扩展,城市生态安全问题日益突出。在运用生态足迹方法分析南京市1999-2009年人均生态足迹及生态承载力变化的基础上,采用Mann-kendall法对南京市人均生态足迹突变点进行分析,应用灰色关联模型从经济、社会和生态子系统方面分析不同阶段人均生态足迹变化的原因。研究表明:1999-2009年间南京市人均生态足迹呈增长趋势,人均生态承载力呈减小趋势,单位万元GDP生态足迹和生态多样性指数呈逐年下降趋势,生态经济系统发展能力较好,但生态压力较大。南京市人均生态足迹变化分为1999-2002年的低位增长阶段和2003-2009年高位波动阶段。通过影响南京市生态足迹变化因素分析发现,2003-2009年与1999-2002年相比,经济子系统依然处于主要地位,但影响因素由农业向以三产为主转变,同时生态子系统和社会子系统各因素的影响力提升。据此,提出优化产业结构,控制人口数量,加强基础设施建设,改善居民居住环境,加大城市绿化建设,提高城市污物处理能力,减少污染物排放的南京可持续发展对策。 Abstract:With economic development and population growth occurring throughout China, there has been increasing conflict between resources, environmental protection and economic development in a number of regions. Therefore, it is important to correctly evaluate the pressure of human activities on the natural environment and the ecosystem carrying capacity at a regional scale. The ecological footprint model has received much attention as an indicator of regional sustainable development. Recent studies investigating the ecological footprint of regions in China have focused on the city of Nanjing, due to the speed of urbanization and the rate at which built-up areas are expanding in the city. Thus, based on the ecological footprint model to study per capita ecological footprint and ecological carrying capacity in Nanjing from 1999-2009, this paper applied the Mann-Kendall method to analyze the abrupt change point of per capita ecological footprint in Nanjing. The Mann-Kendall method is a non-parametric statistical test, which has the advantages of a wide range of detection, a small human impact and a high degree of quantification. In light of three subsystems-economic, social and ecological-we selected 14 indices and employed the gray indigence method to explore the reasons of per capita ecological footprint variation in Nanjing between the two different phases, from 1999-2002 and from 2003-2009. The results show that during the period between 1999-2009, per capita ecological footprint generally grew; the change of per capita ecological capacity and per capita ecological deficit had a decreasing trend; the unit of 10,000 in GDP's ecological footprint and ecological diversity index dropped gradually; the eco-ecological system development capacity improved; but ecological pressure remained significant. The variation of per capita ecological footprint in Nanjing is divided into two stages: low-level growth stage, which is from 1999-2002, and high-level fluctuation stage, which is from 2003-2009. From 1999-2002, the main factors influencing per capita ecological footprint were the primary industry production value, population density, and the green coverage rate of built-up areas. While from 2003-2009, the main factors influencing per capita ecological footprint were the proportion of tertiary industry production value in GDP, rate of sewage treatment, and per capita greening area. Through comparative analysis on the ecological footprint evolution of different phases in Nanjing-from 2003-2009 and from 1999-2002-we found that the economic subsystem was still acting as the main function, but the main influencing factor had transformed from agriculture to tertiary industry. At the same time, the influences of the ecological and social subsystems had been upgraded because the degree of correlation between per capita ecological footprint and various evaluation indices (per capita housing living space and population density in social subsystem, rate of sewage treatment reflecting treatment ability of waste, and per capita greening area reflecting the level of greening in ecological subsystem) had increased. In addition to our findings, we propose a suite of sustainable development policies that aim to help in optimizing industrial structure, controlling the population, strengthening infrastructure construction, improving the resident-inhabited environment, increasing the construction of urban greening, improving the capacity of dealing with pollutants, and decreasing pollutant discharge. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Study of ecological capacity change and quantitative analysis of ecological compensation in a nature reserve based on RS and GIS: A case study on Po‐yang Lake Nature Reserve, China

To make a dynamic analysis of ecological capacity and a quantitative analysis of ecological compensation, to promote the sustainable development in a nature reserve, and to make Po‐yang Lake Nature Reserve as an example, the authors obtained information on land‐use change in the years 1985, 1995, 2005 in Po‐yang Lake Nature Reserve based on RS and GIS. Ecological capacity was quantified and its development change, spatial characteristics, and the sustainable development status of the nature reserve with ecological deficits and surpluses were analysed. Results show that land use had been stable since the Po‐yang Lake Nature Reserve came into existence. The change compared grassland (increased 15.22%), water body (increased 7.05%) and unused land (decreased 18.19%). The ecological capacity improved from 1985 to 2005 (the per capita ecological capacity from 0.8284 ha to 1.0534 ha). among nine villages and towns in the reserve, the ecological surplus villages and towns were Wucheng, Tiehe and Changyi, the ecological balance villages and towns deficit were Sanjiao and Shahu. The remainder were in ecological deficit. In all of the nature reserve, the ecological capacity in the southeastern area was in surplus but that in the north‐west was in deficit. The degree of ecological harmony was 1.414, which proves that the sustainable development state in Po‐yang Lake Nature Reserve was under sustainable status. In 2005, the ecological footprint efficiency was 8382 yuan/ha, and the agricultural ecological footprint efficiency was 3204 yuan/ha. The lowest ecological compensation was 1725 yuan per family or 403 yuan per person, and the equal ecological compensation was 3798 yuan per family or 888 yuan per person.

Research on spatiotemporal change of ecological capacity and driving forces in the LRGR

The Longitudinal range-gorge region (LRGR) is a key region for biodiversity protection in China. Also it is notable for rich resources, complex environment and vulnerable ecosystem. In the LRGR, there are great differences in ecological security level and ecological capacity. Human disturbance and ecosystem changes are significant. Analyzing the spatiotemporal changes of ecological capacity is of importance for government to implement ecological management. Taking the counties in the LRGR core region as a case, with the help of GIS, we used ecological footprint method to study the spatiotemporal change of ecological capacity at two scales—the larger scale of city and smaller scale of county. Then we discussed the driving factors that affected ecological capacity by principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed that the ecological footprint, ecological capacity and ecological security level varied distinctly from county to county in the LRGR. Regional ecological capacity decreased year by year from the north, south to the middle of LRGR. According to the analysis of driving forces, per capita ecological capacity had a negative correlation with population, GDP, and other driving factors. Among these factors, social economy and population had very significant impacts on ecological capacity. And the spatial variation of driving factors determined the spatiotemporal change of ecological capacity.

Change of ecological footprint and analysis of ecological sustainability—Taking Zhangjiakou City as an example

This paper researches the ecological sustainability of Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province, China, using the ecological footprint model. According to the study we find that Zhangjiakou City was in the situation of ecological deficit from 1990 to 2000 and the deficit had the enlarging tendency. In 1990 the per capita ecological footprint was 0.964 and the per capita ecological capacity was 0.518, thus it can be calculated that the per capita ecological deficit was −0.446. However in 2000, the per capita ecological footprint increased to 1.068, at the same time the per capita ecological capacity decreased to 0.471, then the per capita ecological deficit in 2000 was −0.597. Furthermore, this paper studies the ecological sustainability of the city from the changes of the ecological footprint of per 10,000 yuan GDP and the productivity of ecological system. Finally the authors point out the shortage of the model and the way to improve it.

Regional ecological security assessment based on long periods of ecological footprint analysis

This article is an elementary exploration and practice of applying the theory and method of ecological footprint to assess regional ecological security. The ecological footprint from 1986 to 2002 and ecological security of three regions of Shaanxi Province of China were calculated and analyzed based on the theory of ecological footprint. Furthermore, the concept and model of ecological footprint pressure index (EFPI) as well as the grade system of regional ecological security was put forward based on ecological footprint so as to analyze the regional ecological security, and some measures to slow down the growth of the ecological footprint and maintain the regional ecological security were put forward at last. The following results were obtained. (1) It is feasible to analyze regional ecological security based on EFPI, which can reflect the degree of ecological security from two respects of carrying capacity and pressure. (2) Among 16 years from 1986 to 2002, the per capita ecological capacity in three regions appears to be a reducing tendency, the per capita ecological footprint shows an increasing tendency, the south of Shaanxi Province (SSP) is 12.02 times of the north of Shaanxi Province (NSP) in the per capita ecological surplus. The per capita ecological deficit appears in the middle of Shaanxi Province (MSP). (3) Based on ecological footprint, ecological capacity from 1986 to 2002 in the three regions, the average EFPI in the three regions were calculated, the EFPI of NSP is 0.8653, MSP is 1.1291 and SSP is 0.2103. According to the ecological security grade system measured off by EFPI and the average EFPI in the three regions, and considering the pressure human imposed on nature, the sequencing of the security degrees of three major regions is: SSP > NSP > MSP.

Ecological footprint and ecological security evaluation in the Upper Min River Basin

On the basis of the ecological footprint (EF) model, this paper studied the ecological security in the Upper Min River Basin ecosystem. The result shows that with 2. 038 2 hm z per capita ecological capacity (0. 422 2 hm 2 higher than per capita EF), and 165 825 hm z ecology surplus, the ecosystem in Upper Min River is generally secure at present. But the arable land is overweighed and omens an ecosecurity crisis. Meanwhile, problems such as low forest coverage rate, severe loss of water and soil, enlargement of aridvalley area, frequent occurrence of mountain hazards and degradation of pastures have been major threats to the eco-security of this region. The calculation result of len-thousand-yuan (RMB) GDP shows that the use of natural resources is extensive, and there will be a rapid increase tendency of EF in the future. In order to maintain the present eco-security, the ways of use natural resources must be improved in the Upper Min River Basin.