Tourism Capacity Research Articles

COULD TOURISM CARRYING CAPACITY BE A VITAL ASSET TO RESPOND TO CLIMATE CHANGE?

Tourism is today one of the world’s largest industry. Tourism activities can generate both positive and negative effects on the conditions of the areas where visiting and fruition activities take place. Every form of human use of natural environment causes changes to the environment conditions. There is significant change in the scale, frequency and character of the visitors over the past few decades reflect new pressure on environment and the tourist destination. Today rapid trend of tourism along with the urbanization and other factor affect climate, so sustainable tourism is necessary. Sustainability has become an important policy issue in tourism, it grows discussion and criticism and increase need to understand nature of the limit of growth. Tourism mainly causes biophysical and social impact. In many cases scientist and planners have turned to the concept of tourism capacity as the way of formulating problem and management action to identify limits of a system to absorb changes. Carrying capacity is ultimately assessment tool for the exploration of natural and artificial resource which contributes to growth of tourism. Tourism carrying capacity has shifted now from a one-dimensional approach to incorporating environmental, social and political aspect.

Do international sanctions help or inhibit justice and sustainability in tourism?

Despite the expanded use of sanctions as a soft foreign policy tool in the post-Cold War era, there is yet little knowledge on the implications of this coercive tool in relation to justice, ethics and sustainability in destinations to which sanctions are applied. Using Iran as a case study and grounded in international relations and political science literature, this study used semi-structured interviews with tourism actors to assess the direct and indirect effects of sanctions on tourism with respect to justice, rights and sustainability. The informants suggested that sanctions have worsened mobility rights, rights to communication, and the economic and financial rights of tourism actors, thereby limited their capacity to contribute to inclusive and sustainable development. Distributive pressures within Iran arising from the sanction-driven economic disruption have clearly undermined the empowerment capacity of tourism to contribute to improve gender justice, thereby standing in opposition to the principles of justice and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, notions of justice and rights are uneven in space and time, with their application inherently dependent on its definition in particular contexts. By portraying new insights from the restrictions emanating from sanctions, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of a very popular instrument of foreign policy and its humanitarian and justice implications in destinations affected by sanctions.

Construction of evaluation model of ecotourism resources in featured small towns

PurposeWith the development of small towns in China, the country pays more and more attention to the protection of landscape resources. It is an urgent problem that is how to protect landscape resources and ecological environment while developing economic industry in small towns. Establishing an ecotourism evaluation model can provide valuable reference for ecotourism planning, development protection and sustainable development of small towns.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to construct the ecotourism evaluation system that accords with the characteristics of small towns. A judgment matrix is constructed to determine specific indicators and factor values based on expert survey results. Based on the AHP theory and considering 4 aspects, construction conditions of featured small towns, ecological and environmental conditions, ecotourism resources endowment and development conditions and tourism capacity. In addition, 16 factor evaluations were selected, evaluation model of ecotourism resources were built and each evaluation index value was confirmed by adopting expert's advice.FindingsEcological environment, socioeconomic, uniqueness, esthetic ornamental value, small-scale industry scale, type and development level, type and scale, tourism talent level, therapeutic and leisure value were the indispensable components of evaluation of ecotourism resources in featured small towns.Originality/valueThe ideas of ecological environment development are rooted in the hearts of the people with the development of times. The model in this research is pertinent, typical and universal to some extent. Thus it is worth popularizing and applying.

Impact of Cross-Border Tourism on the Sustainable Development of Rural Areas in the Russian–Polish and Russian–Kazakh Borderlands

Rural areas and peripheral borderland territories are experiencing socio-economic marginalization featuring depopulation, population aging, and an increasing inequality gap in the quality of life compared to cities. Integrated rural tourism is argued to be ideal for supporting the well-being of rural communities, providing an additional income, decreasing unemployment, offering new and appealing jobs out of traditional rural activities, while preserving the conventional lifestyle. In this study, we discovered the tourism capacity of rural borderland territories affected by cross-border tourism using the data on the geography of cross-border movements, the distribution of tourist sights, and the density of tourist accommodation facilities. The geographical scope of the study covered two cross-border coastal regions—the Russian–Polish region on the Baltic Sea and the Russian–Kazakh region on the Caspian Sea. The statistical and geoinformation analysis were used to allocate areas of prospecting rural tourism integrated with cross-border movement. The research results on the development and distribution of tourist infrastructure suggest that: the rural territories of these regions feature tourist attractions and accommodation facilities at a different level of density and remoteness from the border crossing; each cross-border region is featuring different types of travel restrictions for tourists; and both border-land territories show asymmetry by the more active Russian tourists traveling abroad. Each of the regions under consideration is attractive for cross-border tourism while having different degrees of penetration of tourist flows into the interior territories and coverage of rural areas. The study resulted in a tourist flow model that allows integrating rural areas.

Impact of Ikere Gorge Dam on Socioeconomic Development in Nigeria

Aim/Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of Ikere Gorge Dam on socioeconomic development of Ikere Area of Oyo State, South-Western Nigeria and the Nation at large. Background: This study investigated the impact of Ikere Gorge Dam on socioeconomic development of Ikere Area of Oyo State, South-Western Nigeria and the Nation at large by employing correlational research design. Secondary data were sourced from journals; books among others while Primary data were collected through the passage of web-based questionnaires to those have knowledge about the potentials of the Dam. Methodology: The study employed correlational research design. Secondary data was sourced from journals; books among others while Primary data was collected through the passage of web-based questionnaires. The study employed Partial Least Square Structural Equation Model (PLS 3-SEM) for drawing the research results. Findings: The study found that there is a positive relationship between Ikere Gorge Dam Potentiality (hydroelectric power generation, irrigation, fishery, tourism capacities) and socioeconomic development in Nigeria. Impact on Society: Ikere Gorge Dam is endowed with resources, which are essential for social amenities required by the Host Communities and the entire country.

Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Pada Dinas Pariwisata Kota Manado

ABSTRACT. The quality and presence of human resources plays an important role in developing regional tourism capacity. Manado City has promising prospects to increase competitiveness in the tourism sector, both at the regional and national levels. This study examines and identifies how improving the quality of human resource management can have a significant impact on the quality of regional tourism itself. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with a systematic description. The research subject is the State Civil Apparatus of the Manado City Tourism Office. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the success of regional tourism development does not only depend on security and political stability, regional budgets, legal policies, or socialization and promotion, but is also influenced by the carrying capacity and utilization of human resources, especially those engaged in tourism.

COMPATIBILITY STUDY AND SUPPORTING CAPACITY OF TOURISM AT PERERENAN BEACH BADUNG, BALI

<p>The challenge of Pererenan Beach Development is to determine the efficiency of resource utilization, so that it does not exceed its carrying capacity. The carrying capacity of Pererenan Beach tourism is carried out by analyzing the suitability of coastal tourism. Then calculate the capacity to measure the number of tourists that can be accommodated without damaging the ecosystem. This study aims to determine the suitability and carrying capacity of coastal tourism. The method used is quantitative and descriptive analysis method. The results showed that the carrying capacity of the area on Pererenan Beach was classified under the carrying capacity and had a very suitable relative criterion (S1) with a percentage value of 96% suitable for use as beach recreation tourism. The Covid-19 pandemic provides a lesson that the concept of carrying capacity is important to avoid mass tourism and reduce the number of tourists according to their capacity so that visitors get comfort and travel satisfaction.</p>

Pemanfaatan Sumber Daya Alam Hayati Sebagai Objek Wisata Dan Tingkat Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Sekitar Lokasi Wisata


 
 
 
 Tourism activities are activities that involve various interests (multi-sectoral) and are closely related to global economic developments. In addition, tourism is an activity that relies on the utilization of the potential of the natural resources that exist in each object and tourist attraction while still guided by balance and preservation (without destroying the natural potential they have). In this paper, it is about the use of biological natural resources as a tourist attraction and the level of welfare of the community around the Pematang Johar tourist site. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the physical carrying capacity and potential of rice field tourism in supporting tourism activities and find out whether the construction of rice field tourism facilities is able to provide welfare for the community around tourist sites. This study uses a type of field research (Field Research) with a research nature this is descriptive qualitative. The results of the study indicate that the physical carrying capacity and potential of rice field tourism in supporting tourism activities are human resources who play an important role in managing tourist villages, adequate facilities and infrastructure such as worship facilities and public toilets as well as infrastructure to the location is also quite good with good road access. And good promotion. The construction of rice field tourism facilities is able to provide welfare for the people around the tourist sites, which can be seen from the number of jobs and reducing unemployment in the tourist village of Pematang Johar itself, which is evident from the increasing economy of the income of the people around the location and the growing socio-cultural value.
 
 
 

Analysis of Display Cabinet Design with Commissioning Test for Fresh Sea Food

This research is a design of a display cabinet cooling system with integrated energy from PLN electricity and solar power. This equipment is used for displaying marine fish and other fresh sea food in restaurants or cafes in support of Balinese culinary specialties, namely grilled fish and seafood which are very well known and can be a very extraordinary carrying capacity for Bali tourism. This cooling system is designed to be able to maintain the temperature of the cooling room (cabin) up to -5 oC. This is in accordance with the standards for storing fresh sea fish and sea food in a temperature range of -2oC to 2oC, where fish and sea food are still in a very fresh condition for an average of 1 week. Other standards to maintain product freshness also require room humidity between RH 90% – RH 95%. Furthermore, data collection on system performance is carried out using the commissioning test method to determine the initial performance achievement of the tool so that its shortcomings can be evaluated which will be developed and corrected in further research. From the research, it is found that the temperature achievement is very good, the solar and PLN integration system with the Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) control system has also worked well where the switch occurs when the battery charging condition is below 30% or below 10V. However, something that has not been achieved is the humidity in this system, the average relative humidity (RH) is 50% so that the final condition of the product becomes dry on the surface of the fish. This relatively low humidity is due to the fact that it still relies on the humidity increase system by opening the cooler cabin door. In the next development, the right humidifier system will be designed for this display cabinet system.

Assessing social-ecological system carrying capacity for urban small island tourism: The case of Tidung Islands, Jakarta Capital Province, Indonesia

The use of small islands for marine tourism is one of Indonesia's development strategies. The carrying capacity (CC) of islands is an essential parameter for achieving sustainable tourism management and development. CC can be incorporated into policy models and management strategies to reduce the impact on tourist areas. This study aims to assess the suitability of using social-ecological system CC (SES-CC) model to calculate optimal CC, using the Tidung Islands of Jakarta, the urban capital city of Indonesia as a case study. The SES-CC was assessed per tourist activity, using the impact perspective of the social-ecological system of the islands through a coupled model of social CC and ecological CC. The social CC was estimated using the perceptions of tourists, and the ecological CC was estimated using the physical CC. The real CC and effective CC were then estimated based on correction factors. Finally, a simple double attribute weighting method is used to develop coupled Social-Ecological System CC (SES-CC). A small urban island of Jakarta Capital Province, namely the Tidung Islands, was used for testing the method. The results will be used to improve sustainable tourism management in the islands, particularly national coastal and marine tourism policies.

Carrying capacity of mangrove tourism in the district of Cilamaya Wetan, Karawang regency, West Java province

The study was conducted in the District of Cilamaya Wetan, Karawang Regency, West Java Province from November to December 2019. The purpose of this study was to analyze the carrying capacity of tourism in mangrove tourism areas. Based on the results in the field, the carrying capacity of tourism is only found in Sukakerta Village with the wide area that can be used as tourism and there is a visit by tourists, precisely in the Tangkolak Maritime Center which is able to accommodate as many as 1.345 person with the time provided in the development of the area by tour manager, that is for 24 hours/day. Tourist activities based on interviews include sitting relaxed, taking photo, walking down the road, enjoying the scenery, and planting mangrove seedlings scattered in Sukakerta Village.

Top-level Design and Application of Transportation and Tourism Big Data System for High-altitude Regions

In the high-altitude regions of Northwest China, where the levels of transportation infrastructure and public travel information services are relatively weak, problems like inadequate consistency, accuracy and timeliness of information services, insufficiently rich content, poorly targeted services, unsatisfactory public experience and large high-altitude risks remain in contrast to tourists’ growing travel demands for safe, convenient, efficient and comfortable transportation. This study discusses the key points in designing the top-level technical framework and application of transportation and tourism big data system in China’s typical high-altitude Qinghai regions. Particular focuses are on the convergence, sharing, integration and opening of transportation and tourism data under self-driving tour-based high-altitude conditions, as well as the comprehensive utilization of technical ideas and application models. Meanwhile, the main application scenarios of the system are explored for all levels of governmental sectors, the public and businesses. As the research show, the establishment of the system has positive implications for enhancing the coordination and linkage efficiencies between high-altitude scenic spots and surrounding road networks, achieving the “integrated” transportation-tourism information services characteristic of high-altitude regions, and improving the comprehensive analytical and decision-making capacity for transportation and tourism in these regions. The application system can improve the diversified service experience of public travel dominated by self-driving tours to a remarkable extent.

Community-Based Tourism Transformation: What Does The Local Community Need?

Tourism is a promising development sector. It has strong potentials for improving local community life quality by alleviating poverty, broadening information access, improving facilities and infrastructure, opening new and diversifying employment. Thus, today tourism is recognized as one of key sectors in development possessing multiplier effects on other sectors and contributing to other development goals attainment. This encourages many communities to initiate and run their local-scale tourism at their kampung. The development of these community-based tourisms need to be strengthened by community capacity to develop their tourism into more sustainable and competitive destinations. Moreover, the Covid-19 pandemic potentially threatens tourism existence and sustainability, especially if the communities do not rapidly respond by improving their tourism capacities. This study aims to explore several factors needed by local community to foster tourism transformation. The study is concentrated on examining WPP Dalegan and Dalegan community tourism transformation needs. The data are collected through community dialog incorporated with community service program. The study identifies three primary transformation elements for fostering WPP tourism improvement. The first factor is transformational and collective community leader who provides empowerment, climate and chance for Dalegan community to participate and orients to community social changes. The second factor is Dalegan community capacity building. Dalegan tourism transformation rests on its local community to learn together and improve the quality of their tourism services and products. The third factor is development facilitation. To successfully transform, Dalegan community needs to expand their networking, build horizontal and vertical partnerships.

Physical and Ecological Carrying Capacity for Cave Tourism Management

Cave tourism is a nature-based tourism which has recently gained its popularity in Thailand. Cave sare natural attractions which are extremely vulnerable, especially caves with limitations in both size and area. Thus, this study aims at studying and determining the maximum and suitable carrying capacity to support physical and ecological tourism in Ban Tham Sua tourism community area to avoid overtourism. The methodology used in this research was a survey on the tourist’s utilization, duration, number of tourists, and tourism impacts. Moreover, the impact assessment using 16 indicators presented by 5 geological experts for ecological carrying capacity of the cave areas were also conducted. This area-based study was conducted in 3 areas: Thep Nimit Cave, Nang Fa Cave, and Sua Noi Cave. The study found that the number of tourists in these three caves were below carrying capacitywhich had no or insignificant impact on natural resources. However, it was found that SuaNoi Cave was a huge destruction of the original resources. The study suggests that carrying capacity of cave tourism should be well planned and managed to prevent the environmental degradation.

Analisis Amenitas Dan Daya Dukung Wisata Pantai Pasir Tiku di Kecamatan Tanjung Mutiara Kabupaten Agam Provinsi Sumatera Barat

The purpose this research are: 1). Analyzing the tourist amenities of Pasir Tiku Beach 2). Analyzing the physical carrying capacity of the Pasir Tiku Beach tourism. This type of research is classified as a qualitative descriptive study. The informants of this research are the head of the development of tourism destinations and tourist attractions in the Agam Regency youth and sports tourism office, the manager of the Pasir Tiku Beach tourism object, 90 visitors and eight traders of the Pasir Tiku Beach tourist attraction. Data collection techniques by interview and documentation. Data analysis techniques by reducing, displaying data and verifying data. The data validity technique used credibility, increased persistence, and triangulation. The results showed that 1). The amenities of Pasir Tiku Beach are fairly complete, of the eleven indicators of supporting facilities, only three facilities are missing, namely electricity, a parking lot and a souvenir shop. 2). Analysis of the carrying capacity of the Pasir Tiku Beach tourist attraction is included in the excess number of visitors based on capacity. This is based on the average number of visitors who traveled to Tiku sand beach attractions in the past five years, namely 163 people per day, so this number exceeds the capacity that should be at the Tiku Sand Beach tourist attraction. The capacity should be 105 people per day per 2.7 hours. With a number that exceeds its capacity, what the manager needs to do is to limit the number of visitors who come to Tiku sand beach attractions.

Community Based Tourism and Strengthening of Ecopreneurship for the Development of Ecotourism in Jember

Tourism is one of Indonesia's attractions and provides a very large contribution to state revenue. Jember Regency has the potential for ecotourism ocean tourism with 7 beautiful beaches ready to be developed. The purpose of this study is to explain how the concept of sustainable tourism through a Community-Based Tourism approach and how to strengthening ecopreneurship to support sustainable ecotourism. Quantitative research methods provide results that community based tourism and ecopreneurship are able to encourage an increase in sustainable ecotourism by prioritizing the potential for ocean tourism and encouraging community capacity development.

Researching the capacity of Hoi An ancient town in the policy-making for sustainable tourism development

Tourism carrying capacity is an important factor of sustainable tourism development policy for any destinations. Results from the capacity specifically forecast tourism impact on the destination's natural environment and also forecast the destination's life cycle. The focus of the article is to record the results from calculating the tourism capacity of Hoi An ancient town – a popular destination that has been overloaded recently. Based on Physical Carrying Capacity (PCC) and Effective Real Carrying Capacity (ERCC) and after eliminating the negative impact factor to ensure sustainable development, the maximum number of tourists permitted to visit Hoi An ancient town is 3.53 million per year. However, the number of tourists to Hoi An in 2019 was 5.35 million, surpassing the addressed limit of carrying capacity by 1.52 times. The author suggests a management policy with focus on (1) creating vacation time for the destination; (2) and redistributing key tourist markets for Hoi An ancient town. From the results of these two measures, the author gives some suggestions on management policies to restructure the tourist market in order to reduce the pressure on the carrying capacity of Hoi An ancient town and the heritage route in the Central of Viet Nam according to the goal of sustainable development.

Foresight of Tourism in Kazakhstan: Experience Economy

The paper sheds a light on the interconnections between touristic sector development and regional development in Kazakhstan. The paper covers analysis of the current competitiveness of the touristic destinations in Kazakhstan. Based on qualitative and quantitative research, the study shows that there is a huge need for a transformation in marketing communications tools in order to increase the competitiveness and image of Kazakhstani tourism. The study provides potential scenarios and solutions to increase touristic attractiveness, which would lead to enticing more investors and increase tourism capacity and potential. Also, the paper provides insights in ecotourism and the regional economy by outlining the older and newer managerial and governmental approaches in supporting the entire tourism sector in Kazakhstan.

РОЗВИТОК ТУРИСТИЧНОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ УКРАЇНИ: СВІТОВИЙ ДОСВІД ТА ВІТЧИЗНЯНІ РЕАЛІЇ

This paper seeks to explore the tourism potential as a broad multifaceted concept that covers a range of natural recreational, cultural, historical, organizational and economic indicators that lay the foundation for the development of different types of tourism and the tourism industry overall. The study identifies a set of indicators contributing to the national tourism potential realization and development which specify the geographical location, historical, spatial, natural, economic, political, legal, environmental, demographic, social, cultural, infrastructural, technological, organizational, managerial, innovative and human resources potential. According to the selected indicators, Ukraine has great prospects for boosting its tourism potential, so a SWOT analysis has been delivered. Given the due regard to each of the SWOT analysis component consideration (strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the Ukrainian tourism sector), a conclusion was made that the long-term development of the national tourism should rely on the following critical elements: ensuring investment and innovation in tourism and hospitality; enhancing the transport industry support; training of qualified personnel; normalization of the political, economic and legislative climate; digitalization of communications, etc. that will facilitate effective performance in the tourism sector. It is argued that implementation of innovations and progressive European standards in providing guest and recreational services are crucial in developing a competitive national tourism sector in the international market environment. Among the key strategic goals in enhancing the tourism potential of Ukraine by 2026 are the following: creating a quality tourism product based on effective marketing activities; effective and integrated use of existing tourism capacities and its potential by addressing the issues of nature management and environmental protection as well as improving the tourism infrastructure; updating technical resources and materials; ensuring the compliance between price and quality of tourist products by building a framework to optimize the organizational and economic structure of small and medium-sized businesses, granting tax holidays, green corridors, etc. The study also provides insights into the system of training and advanced training of specialists in the area of tourism and resort management. The findings demonstrate that according to the assessment of tourism and resort development indicators in Ukraine, the current potential in the national tourism sector can ensure raising the flow of international tourists arriving to Ukraine, increasing the number of tourism business entities, growth of revenues to local budgets from tourist tax payments as well as to the consolidated government budget of Ukraine from tourism activities, increasing the number of jobs in the tourism sector along with boosting the number of domestic tourists and holiday makers.

Can domestic tourism relieve the COVID-19 tourist industry crisis? The case of Spain

This paper attempts to evaluate the capacity of Spanish domestic tourism to relieve the national travel industry crisis in the situation of a complete or significant loss of international demand, such as the one being produced by COVID-19. The results show that though Spanish domestic tourism is expected to fall by 42.64% compared to 2019 due to the loss of income and the fear of travelling, it can still generate 33% of the pre-crisis overnight stays, assuming that 50% of outbound tourism can be reoriented to the domestic market. On the regional level, the potential of domestic tourism varies significantly and may generate from 10% of the pre-crisis overnight stays in the Balearic Islands and Canary Islands to 70% in Castille-La Mancha. This figure depends on the traditional orientation of a region's portfolio on the domestic market, the volatility of its domestic demand and the capacity to attract new segments of domestic tourists. An important novel feature of this research is the use of the value-at-risk methodology to estimate the maximum expected loss of domestic travel as a component of the tourism demand portfolio.