Capacitive Discharge Ignition Research Articles

Design Of Overheat Detection Device On Vehicle Engine Through Monitoring Water Temperature Or Cooling Oil

Currently, there is a cooling system in vehicle engines that uses additional cooling which warns the driver that the engine's working temperature has exceeded a predetermined threshold, but not for older vehicles or those that still use a CDI (Capacitor Discharge Ignition) system that only relies on the cooling system. through the fins on the machine. To overcome the problems described previously, research was carried out. The result of this research is a tool or device that can detect excessive heat in a vehicle engine using the DS18B20 sensor. The temperature sensor results are processed using an NodeMCU ESP8266 Lolin microcontroller to obtain information about engine temperature. This tool provides a warning system with fan commands and an LCD display that shows the condition of the engine's working temperature at that time. With this tool, overheating of the engine can be prevented.

Early detection and prevention of motorcycle theft by using microcontroller system and mobile platform

Old models of motorcycles which use manual transmission do not have security features as the latest model. The objective of this publication is to develop and test the system for early detection and prevention of motorcycles by detecting the position of its side stand, the presence of vibration, the beep of horn, monitoring the actual position of the motorcycle and turning off the motorcycle remotely from a distance. The proposed system was developed based on the ESP32 microcontroller by using a limit switch sensor, vibration sensor, and Blynk platform on smartphones to monitor the motorcycle position on google maps. The obtained system was powered by using an external battery to separate from internal electricity of the motorcycle to prevent any kickback current which could damage the Capacitor Discharge Ignition of the motorcycle. The proposed system was tested on various locations to simulate when there was any theft attempt. The test results showed that the proposed system was able to give the actual position of the motorcycle, able to turn on the horn of the motorcycle as well as to turn off the motorcycle engine remotely from a distance by using the Blynk platform on the smartphone.

A Mathematical Model for a Hybrid Ignition System

In the operation of a car's ignition system, the primary ignition coil is responsible for generating a high voltage that typically ranges from around 100V to 300V. However, this self-induced electromotive force (emf) can lead to certain negative effects such as switch breakdown, inductive noise, and secondary voltage drop. This article introduces a novel hybrid ignition system designed for a 4-cylinder engine. This innovative system is a combination of capacitive discharge ignition system (CDI) and induction discharge ignition (IDI) system. The excess electromagnetic force energy (emf) generated during the induction ignition stage will be used in the capacitive ignition. Thereby contributing to limiting the negative effects as mentioned. Forming and solving the mathematical model for the hybrid ignition system mentioned above enables us to analyze the transient responses of the primary current (i1) and primary voltage (V1). These instantaneous responses are crucial in understanding the behavior of the composite ignition circuit and calculating key parameters such as ignition energy during the inductive and capacitive ignition stages, as well as the magnitude of the maximum secondary voltage (V2m). Furthermore, the article also presents experimental results from the hybrid ignition system to complement the theoretical analysis.

Development and Evaluation of a Motorcycle Ignition System Testing Instrument

The study focused on designing, constructing, and evaluating a Motorcycle Ignition System Testing Instrument mainly used in the automotive industry for testing conditions of capacitor discharge ignition (CDI), ignition coil, and spark plugs in motorcycle ignition systems. The study comprised the development phase covering the design and technological viability, while the evaluation phase made by the experts in the industry and the academe covered the Technology Assessment Protocol of the Department of Science and Technology on technical feasibility, economic feasibility, environmental soundness, political and social acceptability. Based on the overall result, the developed testing instrument is very highly valid and technically acceptable as it accurately tests ignition coils, spark plugs, and CDIs from motorcycles ignition systems. On the cost method decision analysis, the proposed gadget is expected to have a 77.37 percent annual return on investment and a payback time of one year, three months, and 22 days.

KONSUMSI BAHAN BAKAR PADA MOBIL KIJANG KF40 MENGGUNAKAN PENGAPIAN KONVENSIONAL PLATINA DENGAN SISTEM PENGAPIAN CDI (CAPASITOR DISCHARGE IGNITION)

In the development of the ignition system, the conventional ignition system will be marginalized and may not be used anymore because it is considered ineffective. What was originally using a conventional platinum ignition system on the Kijang kf40 car can be replaced or modified with a CDI electronic ignition system, in which here there are slight changes and additional components. This electronic ignition system for conventional vehicles is called the "CDI / Capacitor Discharge Ignition ignition system".Pertamax applies ecosave technology, which is a technology that is able to clean the inside of the engine, with an octane rating of 92. That way, the engine combustion will be more perfect. This test uses rpm 800, 1000, 1200. This study aims to determine the effect of using platinum ignition and cdi ignition with Pertamax fuel.Based on the results of Pertamax fuel testing for platinum ignition and CDI, the percentage of the largest value in CDI ignition / Capacitor Discharge Ignition 0.7 Milliliter is more efficient compared to platinum ignition at 800 rpm engine speed. While at 1000 RPM, CDI ignition / Discharge Ignition capacitors are 1.2 milliliter more efficient than platinum ignition. At 1,200 RPM, CDI ignition / Capacitor Discharge Ignition is 3.1 milliliter more efficient than Platinum ignition. From several rpms tested, it shows that the higher the RPM, the greater the difference in fuel consumption. Between the two tested ignitions.Keywords: ignition system, conventional platinum, CDI ignition / Capacitor Discharg

Differences of Fuel and Capacitor Discharge Ignition in Energy Output of Motorcycle

The combustion engine is one of the internal combustion engines or often referred to as an internal combustion engine, namely a machine that converts energy thermal energy into mechanical energy. The energy itself can be obtained from the combustion process. One of the simple motorized vehicle transportation tools that are widely used by society today is the motorcycle. The ability of a motorcycle is influenced by several factors, including the quality of the fuel and the ignition system. The use of poor quality fuel can result in a decrease in motorcycle engine performance. Therefore, the selection of the right fuel refers to the compression ratio of each motorcycle. The higher the compression ratio of a motorcycle, the better the quality of fuel it must use.

Simple Design of Electronics Engine Management for Motorcycle

The use of an electronic system to regulate the injection system is a solution that can improve the performance and fuel efficiency of an engine. However, conventional vehicles require retrofit to be able to use the electronic fuel injection (EFI) system. The design uses a microcontroller system with ARM32 architecture. The inputs used to determine the duration and timing of the injection are a crankshaft position sensor (CKP), throttle position sensor (TPS), manifold absolute pressure (MAP), air temperature sensor (ATS), and lambda sensor. Before the sensor signal enters the microcontroller, the signal is filtered using a low pass filter (LPF) with a cut-off point of 50Hz. The actuator system consists of an injector. While the ignition system can use a capacitor discharge ignition (CDI). The novelty in this design is that the type of sensor can be replaced with a resistant type sensor. So that there will be many variants of the fuel injection system tuning retrofit that can be done with conventional motors.

Effect of the Plasma Jet Ignition and Flame Kernel Under The Combustion Process in a Constant Volume Combustion Chamber

This work is to study the plasma application using a capacitive discharge ignition capable of using the plasma jet which belongs to the non-thermal plasma physic. A plasma-jet spark plug was designed to combine a discharge chamber including an insulator and expanding the plasma area. The nonresistance was applied to acting the interference suppression of a plasma-jet spark plug to ensure the high energy generated at a DC-DC converter. An ANSYS FLUENT program was used to conduct analyzing combustion progress. The combustion simulation model is composed of configurations of a spark plug, a lambda sensor, and an internal combustion chamber. Resultantly, the minimum value of the combustion pressure is verified at λ = 1.6, and the plasma jet has higher values in the order of 2, 3, and 4 bar than the conventional models due to having a fast reaction. Consequently, the plasma jet has advantageous in combustion diffusivity in comparison to the conventional spark plug since the negative electrode of the cathode is not designed in front of a jet plug.

Experimental investigation of the influence of ignition system parameters on combustion behavior in large lean burn spark ignited gas engines

To achieve high efficiency and low pollutant emissions with large spark ignited gas engines, operation at high excess air ratios and high turbulence levels in the combustion chamber is necessary. Under these severe boundary conditions, it is a great challenge to reliably ignite the air-fuel mixture and keep cycle-to-cycle variation of the combustion process within reasonable limits. This paper investigates the influence of ignition system parameters on combustion behavior by analyzing the overall ignition and combustion process in detail: the ignition system, the electric arc, the early phase of combustion and finally the whole combustion process.Measurements were carried out on a large bore spark ignited single-cylinder research engine and on a specially designed arc test rig. In the research engine, ion current probes were applied around the spark plug in the spark plug sleeve so that a detailed analysis of the early phase of combustion was possible in order to assess the influence of ignition system parameters on combustion. In addition, crank-angle resolved in-cylinder pressure measurements provided information about the overall combustion process. The arc test rig enables the optical investigation of the influence of ignition system parameters on electric arc behavior under non-combustible atmospheres and at thermodynamic conditions and flow conditions similar to those in the research engine at spark timing. For consistency, the same modulated capacitive discharge ignition system and spark plug were installed on both test rigs. The combination of the two test setups facilitates in-depth understanding of the phenomena observed during ignition and combustion.Near the lean engine operating limit, increasing the nominal spark current duration to a certain level yielded faster combustion progress and lower cycle-to-cycle variation of the combustion process. The investigation of the early phase of combustion by means of the ion current measurements revealed the same trend: Increasing the nominal spark current duration leads to an increase in the flame front velocity during the early phase of combustion. The results from the arc test rig indicated that an increase in nominal spark current duration leads to an increase in the maximum of the cycle-averaged electric arc length. In total, the arc test rig results suggest that besides the increase in overall dissipated secondary energy, the increase in electric arc length is the second important factor in achieving the development of a stable flame kernel and a rapid combustion process in the engine when the nominal spark current duration is varied from 100 to 500 µs at very lean engine operation.

Understanding of the Spark Effect of Electron Collision by a Capacitive Discharge Ignition in a Constant Volume Combustion Chamber

This work is to investigate the physical effect of plasma discharge in atmospheric air using a capacitive discharge ignition (CDI) system. Also, to specifically investigate the kernel effects of CDI system, this work represents the different characteristics including the spark ignition, electric current, integral energy, spark propagation, flame growth, and kernel distribution comparing with the conventional spark ignition. In the experimental setup, the system is composed of a constant volume combustion chamber (CVCC), spark plug, transformer, capacitor device, mass flow controllers, regulators, high-speed camera, and LabVIEW software and cDAQ. The experiment carried out a wide range as the following conditions: J type spark plug, central type electrode, 1.0 mm plug gap, atmospheric air of initial pressure, 292 K of room temperature, 0.75 ms of spark duration, 420 V of CDI voltage, and 12.5 V of initial transformer voltage. As a result, the spark flame kernel of 400V CDI is increased by MEHV comparing with the conventional spark and the improved effect can be seen in 50 μs. Consequently, the plasma effect of MEHV based on CDI system has a linear characteristic regarding spark kernel growth by capacitance energy comparing with the conventional spark.

Implementation of a Capacitive Discharge Ignition for Dual-cylinder Motorcycles

Implementation of a Capacitive Discharge Ignition for Dual-cylinder Motorcycles

Ignition Diagnostics in EGR- and Air-diluted Methane/Air Mixtures Using Spark Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

ABSTRACT A diagnostic tool based on Spark Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (SIBS), designed and developed for providing information on the mixture composition at the spark plug location, was successfully used in diluted methane/air mixtures at engine relevant conditions. The INSIDE technique (INduced Spectroscopy for Ignition Diagnostics in Engines) allows deriving information on the local fuel to air equivalence ratio (φ) in the vicinity of the spark plug and on operating pressure based on the features of the spectral emissions. In the present work, a capacitive discharge ignition (CDI) system is used for the first time for SIBS-based ignition diagnostics in spark-ignition engines’ relevant conditions. The mixture dilution is performed following different approaches: dilution with synthetic EGR, dilution with pure nitrogen, and dilution through φ variation with and without constant EGR addition. Spectral signatures are measured in the spark plug location, and the peaks intensities of four atomic lines (hydrogen at 656 nm, nitrogen at 744–746 nm, carbon at 765–769 nm and oxygen at 777 nm) are compared to the non-diluted stoichiometric mixture. The atomic peak intensity ratios show distinct trends depending on the dilution strategy selected. Therefore, the atomic line ratios can be used to extract information on the local mixture composition also in the case of EGR dilution.

Low-Cost Automotive Capacitive Discharge Ignition (CDI) Coil for Low Frequency Ozone Generator

This paper presents an alternative solution for generating ozone using a low-cost automotive Capacitive Discharge Ignition (CDI) coil. High voltage ozone generating theory is implemented using a capacitive discharge circuit that uses ignition coil as its high voltage step-up transformer. A computer simulation has been performed to confirm the validity of the circuit function. By calculation and measurement, the coil has 196,71 voltage amplification factor. Furthermore, it has been implemented at a low frequency of about 10 - 40 Hz. Meanwhile, ozone output is measured using the colorimetric method. From a series of tests, that coil implementation has successfully generated a high voltage on ozone reactor tube at 31.47 kV voltages that essential for ozone production. Change of frequency will change the ozone concentration output linearly. The test was conducted using three different frequency: 10 Hz, 20 Hz, and 40 Hz. The result has shown that the highest ozone yield was 80 mg/hour.

Effect of Combustion Reaction Based on Capacitive Discharge Ignition in Air-Propane Equivalence Ratio

The main purpose of this research work is to demonstrate the effective plasma of capacitive discharge ignition (CDI) comparing with conventional ignition discharge. A constant volume combustion chamber (CVCC) with a volume of 450 cm3 is developed to study thermochemical combustion process. The experimental conditions set 2, 3 and 4 bar for initial pressure, 363 K of chamber temperature, 1.00, 1.25 and 1.50 mm of electrodes gap, 1 ms of discharge time, 100 mJ in spark energy and λ = 1.0 to 1.7 in air-C3H8 equivalence ratio. In order to validate the collected data and verify the repeatability of experimental study, the experiments are repeated 10 times. The discharge effect of CDI is demonstrated to significantly enhance the combustion reaction, flame propagation and internal flame kernel comparing with conventional ignition discharge. Due to electron impact dissociation (EID) and breakdown strength (BS) increases, the effective plasma of CDI is shown to effectively propagate the flame kernel under the combustion reaction more than conventional ignition discharge inside CVCC. Consequently, the combustion reaction by CDI is verified that in CVCC diluted with the rarefied air-C3H8 equivalence ratios, the converting efficiency is much more active than conventional ignition energy.

Understanding the Effect of Capacitive Discharge Ignition on Plasma Formation and Flame Propagation of Air–Propane Mixture

This work is an experimental and computational study to investigate the effect of capacitive discharge ignition (CDI) on plasma kernel formation and flame propagation of air–propane mixture. This paper is mainly focused on the plasma formation and flame propagation characteristics, pressure rise, propagation time, velocity field, and species concentrations. A conventional ignition system is used for comparison purpose. A constant volume combustion chamber with volume of 400 cm3 is designed for experimental study. This chamber is utilized to visualize the plasma formation as well as the flame propagation induced from two ignition sources. The experiments are performed in a wide range of operating conditions, i.e., initial pressure of 2–4 bar, temperature of 300 K, chamber wall temperature of 350 K, spark plug gaps of 1.0–1.5 mm, discharge duration of 1 ms, discharge energy of 500 mJ, and equivalence ratio of 0.5–1.0. The computational study is performed by ANSYS fluent using the partially premixed combustion (PPC) model having the same conditions as experimental study. It is shown that the average peak pressure in CDI increased by 5.79%, 4.84% and 4.36% at initial pressures of 2, 3, and 4 bar, respectively, comparing with conventional ignition. It could be determined that the impact of combustion pressure in CDI system is more significant than conventional ignition particularly in lean mixtures. Consequently, the flame propagation rate in CDI system, due to the large ionized kernel around the spark plug, can be significantly enhanced.

Hardware Design of a Small UAS Helicopter for Remote Sensing Operations

This paper presents the hardware design and integration process employed to develop an Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) helicopter. The design process evolves from the bare airframe (without any electronics), to become a complete and advanced UAS platform for remote sensing applications. The improvements, design decisions and justifications are described throughout the paper. Two airframes have been used during the design and integration process: the AF25B model and the more advanced AF30 model, from the Copterworks company. The airframe engine reliability and fuel economy have been improved by adding an Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI) and Capacitor Discharge Ignition (CDI), both managed by an Engine Control Unit (ECU). On-board power supply generation and regulation have also been designed and validated. Finally, the integration process incorporates on-board mission computation to improve the concept of operation in remote sensing applications. Several flight tests have been performed to verify the reliability of the whole system. The flight test results demonstrate the correct process of integration and the feasibility of the UAS.

Development of a single cylinder CNG direct injection engine and its performance, emissions and combustion characteristics

This paper presents experimental results of a newly developed compressed natural gas (CNG) fuelled direct injection (DI) engine, which was developed by modifying a single cylinder CI engine. Major modifications included: a) modifications in cylinder head and piston; b) development and installation of electronic CNG DI injection system; c) installation of a capacitive discharge ignition system. Experiments were conducted at a constant fuel injection pressure and engine speed and performance, emission and combustion characteristics of this CNG DI engine with varying fuel injection timings [i.e., start of injection (SOI)] and varying engine loads [i.e., brake mean effective pressure (BMEP)] were investigated. Moderate engine loads lead to faster and more complete combustion of the fuel, thus improving engine performance and reducing emissions for specific injection timings. Advanced fuel injection improved engine performance (lower BSFC, higher BTE); reduced emissions and produced faster ROHR whereas retarded injections delivered opposite trends for each engine load. [Received: July 25, 2013; Accepted: February 16, 2014]

RESEARCH OF THE SI ENGINE WITH MULTISPARK CAPACITOR DISCHARGE IGNITION SYSTEM

Modern ignition systems for spark ignition (SI) engine management systems require an extended (adaptive) spark with regulated spark discharge duration for reliable ignition of fuel mixture and elimination of misfired-cycles. Lean air-fuel mixtures and alternative fuels also require an improved ignition system. In order to meet the increased requirements for ignition systems there is a multispark capacitor discharge ignition (CDI) system developed with prolonged spark duration. Block diagram of CDI system is presented; the principle of the operation of the system elements is explained. Mathematical model of the processes of the CDI system are developed. Calculations of the CDI system, test data with four-stroke SI engine GA14DS (Nissan Sunny) and conclusions are presented.

SECURITY ENABLED CAPACITIVE DISCHARGE IGNITION USING AVR MICROCONTROLLER

Capacitive Discharge Ignition (CDI) or thyristor ignition is widely used automotive electronic ignition system. A general Capacitive Discharge Ignition module is composed of a small transformer, circuits for the purpose of charging capacitor, and generating triggering pulses and a voltage capacitor. An ignition key is being used to turn on and turn off ignition in motor vehicles and automobiles. Embedded system provide the opportunity to replace the need of ignition key in a better and secure manner with password based login interface to allow user to turn on and subsequently turn off ignition at the desired time.

Development and modification of a single overhead camshaft 4-valve 4-stroke 135 cc formula varsity race car engine

The engine that was chosen to be developed and modified is Yamaha LC 135 Single Overhead Camshaft (SOHC) 4-valve 4-stroke 135cc liquid-cooled engine. The engine selection is based on the specification, rule and regulation in UTeM Formula Varsity 2012 (FV 2012). The engine performance is determined by engine operating characteristics. The engine air flow affects the filtration, intake and exhaust systems. The heat from the engine rejected to the surrounding through the active cooling system which has radiator and fan. The selection of the engine is based on weighted decision matrix which consists of reliability, operating and maintenance cost, fuel consumption and weight. The score of the matrix is formulated based on relative weighted factor among the selections. It been compared between Yamaha LC 135 Single Overhead Camshaft (SOHC) 4-valve 4-stroke 135cc liquid-cooled engine, Honda Wave 125 X Air Cooled, 4 Cycle Engine Overhead Camshaft (OHC) and Suzuki Shogun RR 4 stroke air cooled Single Overhead Camshaft (SOHC). The modification is applied to the engine through the simulation and tuning of Capacitor Discharge Ignition (CDI).