Cannery Research Articles

Effects of select copper sources at minimum supplementation levels on nutrient content, off-colors, and blemishes in canned pet food.

In the previous research, super-fortification with copper decreased vitamin E content and darkened canned pet food, which prevented the analysis of black blemishes reported in commercial products. The pet food industry has linked these blemishes, which may be concerning to pet owners, to copper supplementation. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of different copper sources included at minimum recommended levels on nutrient content, color, and blemishes in canned pet food. Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 3 + 1 factorial, with 2 levels of copper supplementation [6 and 12 mg/kg dry matter (DM)], 3 copper sources (CG = copper glutamate, CA = copper amino acid complex, and CS = copper sulfate), and a control with no added copper (NC). Diets were analyzed for macronutrients (moisture, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, and ash) and micronutrients (calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, magnesium, sulfur, iron, copper, manganese, zinc, and vitamin E). Color was quantified with a CIELAB color space colorimeter wherein L* values closer to 100 represented lighter products and more positive a* and b* values indicated redder and yellower products, respectively. Blemishes were enumerated and their surface area quantified with ImageJ software. Data were analyzed as a general linear mixed model with the fixed effect of treatment and the random effect of production day. P-values less than 0.05 were considered significant. The 12 mg/kg DM treatments (average 14.19 mg/kg DM) contained the highest (P < 0.05) level of copper, followed by 6 mg/kg DM treatments (average 7.59 mg/kg DM) and then NC (0.00 mg/kg DM). Addition of copper decreased (P < 0.05) vitamin E content, except for NC and CS12 which were similar (P > 0.05; average 111.89 mg/kg DM). Lightness (average L* 63.66) was not affected (P > 0.05) by the treatments. Adding copper decreased (P < 0.05) redness, with higher (P < 0.05) a* values for CG6 (9.55) vs. CA6 and CS6 (average 8.50). Yellowness also decreased with the addition of copper, except for CG6 which was similar (P > 0.05) to NC (average 18.70). However, CG6 and CG12 (average 4.05 blemishes/slice of food) contained more (P < 0.05) blemishes than CA6, CS6, and CS12 (average 0.97 blemishes/slice of food). Minimal levels of supplemental copper from CG may enhance overall color preservation but could increase blemish occurrence. No disadvantage was observed for CA vs. CS, indicating that CA could be exchanged for CS in formulations.

An electrochemical sensor for detection of trace-level endocrine disruptor bisphenol A using Mo2Ti2AlC3 MAX phase/MWCNT composite modified electrode

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an industrially preferred material for the production of plastic and polycarbonate as well as a used material for the interior of food and beverage cans. In this study, synthesis and electrochemical sensor application of Mo2Ti2AlC3/MWCNT (multi-walled carbon nanotube) nanocomposite for BPA sensing was evaluated. Mo2Ti2AlC3 was used as MAX phase material in the design of the sensor, and MWCNT was preferred to increase conductivity and sensitivity. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) were used to determine Mo2Ti2AlC3/MWCNT nanocomposite's electrochemical sensor performances which had LOD of 2.7 nM and LOQ of 8.91 nM in the linear working range of 0.01–8.50 μM calculated from DPV. The composite showed a single oxidation step against BPA which is diffusion-controlled and irreversible. The sensor was successfully applied for the determination of BPA in milk pack, plastic bottle, and can with recoveries ranging from 95.67% to 100.60%. In addition, sensor performance was examined through selectivity, repeatability, and reusability studies. HPLC as a standard determination method was carried out for accuracy of the voltammetric determination method in the real samples. The developed sensor could be applied to different areas from industry quality control to clinical analysis for the detection of BPA.

The Use of a Parabolic Solar Concentrator in Nasiriya city, Iraq

In this paper, it presents a detailed analysis of the use of the parabolic solar concentrator in heating and boiling water, as the parabolic solar concentrator was manufactured with a diameter of (96 cm), the focal length of the dish is (72 cm), and the focus depth of the dish is (8 cm). It was made using a parabolic dish with a diameter of (96 cm) and using glossy aluminum foil as a reflective sun ray after being cut into strips 10 cm wide and glued to the inner surface of the dish. Metal tin cans with two capacities (1L and 2L) were used as the absorbent receiver. Experiments were conducted to boil water from the roof of the house in Nassiriya city. The study calculated the optical efficiency of the equivalent solar concentrator, the amount of heat output as a result of the fall of concentrated solar radiation on the receiver, the amount of useful heat gained, the thermal losses from the receiver, the collector efficiency. Many tests were conducted in Nassiriya city weather conditions.&#x0D; The results of the experiments showed that the efficiency of the solar center mainly depends on the diameter of the concentrator dish, the quality of the reflector used, the time of heating the water, and the closing to midday. While the high ambient air velocity leads to a decrease in the receiver temperature by increasing the heat loses to ambient air by convection, thus reducing the efficiency of the solar concentrator; as well as the accuracy of directing the dish towards the sun and determining the focus accurately also affects the efficiency of the solar concentrator.

Trash to Treasure: How Insect Protein and Waste Containers Can Improve the Environmental Footprint of Mosquito Egg Releases.

Release and subsequent establishment of Wolbachia-infected Aedes aegypti in native mosquito populations has successfully reduced mosquito-borne disease incidence. While this is promising, further development is required to ensure that this method is scalable and sustainable. Egg release is a beneficial technique that requires reduced onsite resources and increases community acceptance; however, its incidental ecological impacts must be considered to ensure sustainability. In this study, we tested a more environmentally friendly mosquito rearing and release approach through the encapsulation of diet and egg mixtures and the subsequent utilization of waste containers to hatch and release mosquitoes. An ecologically friendly diet mix was specifically developed and tested for use in capsules, and we demonstrated that using either cricket or black soldier fly meal as a substitute for beef liver powder had no adverse effects on fitness or Wolbachia density. We further encapsulated both the egg and diet mixes and demonstrated no loss in viability. To address the potential of increased waste generation through disposable mosquito release containers, we tested reusing commonly found waste containers (aluminum and tin cans, PET, and glass bottles) as an alternative, conducting a case study in Kiribati to assess the concept’s cultural, political, and economic applicability. Our results showed that mosquito emergence and fitness was maintained with a variety of containers, including when tested in the field, compared to control containers, and that there are opportunities to implement this method in the Pacific Islands in a way that is culturally considerate and cost-effective.

Functioning of tourist business enterprises in the context of rural development

The subject of the research is the peculiarities of the functioning of tourism business enterprises in the context of rural development. The purpose of the article is to analyze the resource potential, conditions of organization and foreign experience of rural green tourism enterprises, assessment of the effectiveness of tourism and agricultural activities in rural areas. The methodological basis of the article is the methods and approaches of economic, institutional and sustainable development theory. In particular, systematic and holistic approaches, methods of analysis and synthesis, structural modeling were used; monographic; abstract-logical. The results of the article. It is determined that socio-economic resources of rural green tourism enterprises are understood as labor resources, accommodation facilities, separate utility rooms, machines and equipment or devices, production and technological processes (wine, food, oil and fat, fruit and vegetable canning, etc.), certain productions and activities growing flowers, medicinal herbs, farm animals, picking fruits and berries, mushrooms, honey production, fish farming, etc.) as sightseeing sites or tourist attractions. It is established that the tendency to increase the influence of tourism and resorts on the dynamics of economic and social development of the region is maintained by increasing domestic and foreign tourist flows, as well as increasing revenues from tourism to the local budget. It is substantiated that the assessment of economic efficiency of rural green tourism enterprises should be carried out on the basis of the volume of services provided by them, the costs of their implementation and profits. Field of application of results. The obtained results can be used in the process of further scientific study of an important problem – improving the efficiency of the market of tourist services and rural green tourism enterprises. Conclusions. It is established that rural green tourism enterprises in the leading countries of the world have developed significantly, and their number is 10.0-50.0 times higher than the number of domestic ones. Thus, rural green tourism is a mass activity, employment and income of rural residents. Therefore, in European countries, it is seen as an alternative to agriculture, where the number of employees is constantly declining due to automation and digitalization, and its support has become a state program. It also provides recreation for almost 1/3 of all tourists. Therefore, it is important to implement the most effective areas of experience in rural tourism in Ukraine. This is the organization of thematic annual advertising campaigns for rural recreation with state and regional support; indirect state support in the form of non-taxation; development of pilot projects for the development of rural green tourism for individual rural areas; combining rural green tourism with gastronomic, cognitive, etc. types of tourism; strengthening the greening of rural green tourism.

Are Accounting Gurus in Sync with Petty Traders’ Indigenous and Innovative Record-Keeping?

Although record-keeping by small- and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs) has been extensively researched, there is a paucity of research on indigenous and innovative record-keeping. This paper examines the indigenous and innovative record-keeping practices of petty traders in Kumasi, Ghana, with a focus on how they gain a competitive advantage. In addition, it aims to derive a theoretical model from the findings of the study using grounded theory. Lastly, this research seeks to understand if academic and accounting practitioners are in sync with petty traders’ record-keeping. The results from focus group discussions show that petty traders engage in both indigenous (stones or sticks tallying, item or goods tallying, marking of walls, note pad or exercise books, pieces of tied clothes or polythene bags, vendors and customers, family and friends, guarantors and witnesses, susu collectors, and wooden boxes or tin cans) and innovative (mobile money, use of audio-visuals, and videotapes) record-keeping practices. The results also demonstrate that indigenous and innovative record-keeping of petty traders gives them a competitive advantage. A theoretical model is derived from the results using grounded theory. This study adds to the literature on record-keeping practices and has implications for further research.

COVID-19 lockdown and overweight in schoolchildren: 2 sides of the coin

The COVID-19 pandemic has generated changes in various fields of human life. In education, the abrupt change from face-to-face to virtuality has been a challenge, especially in low- and middle-income countries that lack infrastructure, funding, and continuous training for teachers and students on technological tools in education. A special population that is at risk in many aspects is the infant population, which does not have the capacity to face this type of changes in a mature and prepared way. Recently, a study was published where the authors inquired about aspects related to the socioeconomic and behavioral sphere, and their influence on overweight in children1, showing that many of these factors have intensified in the current pandemic, such as the inability to buy healthy foods, the scarcity of the same foods and family dysfunction, which can affect the cardiometabolic health of this population1. Similar results were shown by Parra-García et al2, who recently reviewed the topic of the indirect impact of the pandemic on the paediatric population in this journal, concluding that it is a challenge to identify all these problems in the global context2. However, we consider it necessary to comment on a paradoxical situation that is currently occurring, and which has a substantial impact on the weight and metabolic health of schoolchildren: feeding at home during confinement vs. feeding during classroom instruction. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses have found a substantial and unfavorable impact on mental health in children and adolescents3,4. Up to 80% of this population group3–5, present neuropsychiatric disorders such as anxiety, depression, irritability, inattention, distress (due to virtual academic overload), fear, and sleep disturbances3,4. This has set off alarm bells in several scientific societies, in order to adopt measures to reduce the risk of suffering complications in the short and medium term, such as school dropout, self-injury, domestic violence, persistent and aggressive behavioral disorder, suicide, among others3,4. One particular disorder that is complex to understand and manage during this global catastrophe, because it depends on external factors such as economic, social and cultural factors, is disordered eating in children and adolescents6,7. Fernández-Aranda et al8 state that eating disorders can be generated mainly secondary to conditions such as large intake of food, anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, which ultimately result in changes in cardiovascular risk and short-term decompensations such as electrolyte disturbances and fragility8. Generally, in schools where there is access to a wide variety of foods, in the case of schools that do not have a predetermined, structured and specialized food program, the student can buy his or her own food. In this order of ideas, depending on the availability of foods, which are generally hyper-caloric packaged foods and sugary drinks, so is the child/adolescent’s diet. Theoretically, as the shift from face-to-face to virtuality takes place, food at home should counteract this nutritional imbalance. However, the reality is different. Due to the ravages of COVID-19 on the household economy, the social inequity experienced in certain countries and the fear of contagion, acquiring healthy and quality food is not easy9. Therefore, many households tend to consume hypercaloric food at home, or buy inexpensive canned food, which threatens the child’s nutrition. This situation seems to be a risk factor difficult to control, since it does not depend on the attitude of the parents and the child to establish a healthy nutritional plan, but on the economic and local availability of healthy food. It seems, then, that schoolchildren’s nutrition at this time is in check, and it is expected that in the near future, a notable increase in overweight and obesity in schoolchildren will be observed. Therefore, it is necessary to research and design plans that go hand in hand with public policies to mitigate the impact that the child’s metabolic health suffers and will suffer, especially exacerbated by neuropsychiatric disorders prevalent during the pandemic and postpandemic era. Ethical approval None. Sources of funding None. Author contribution All authors equally contributed to the analysis and writing of the manuscript. Conflicts of interest disclosure The authors declare that they have no financial conflict of interest with regard to the content of this report. Research registration unique identifying number (UIN) None. Guarantor Sabrina Rahman, Department of Public Health, Independent University-Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Cannus stannous

This classroom activity highlights how evolution by natural selection is nonteleological—that is, not guided by need, by organismal intent, by inherent progress, by an external ideal, or by any observable purposive agent. Rather, it is driven by chance opportunity, environmental context, and historical happenstance. Students simulate the evolution of a population of tin cans, based on temperature retention/loss in either arctic or hot desert habitats. Chance and necessity interact in separate lab groups (as isolated populations), based on similar starting organisms. The process demonstrates not only selection but also how even organisms in similar environments may not evolve with identical traits, depending on available mutations. It shows that even when selection occurs, it may not do so consistently or uniformly with each generation. It shows both divergence based on different contexts of selection and variability based on the vagaries of history.

Development of a recipe composition for canned meat and vegetables based on chicken meat with a legume component

The article discusses the issue of strengthening human health by enriching his diet with useful products that carry a therapeutic, prophylactic and dietary load. The results of tests on the development of recipe compositions for meat and vegetable canned food based on chicken meat with the addition of a legume component are presented. The indicators of the quality of the samples of the combined product are considered: food and energy value, the concentration of vitamins and minerals. It has been established that the inclusion of lentils, or peas, or chickpeas, or beans in the composition of the product as an auxiliary material in the manufacture of canned meat and vegetables based on chicken meat allows satisfying the daily human need for protein by 16.91-17.55%, various minerals from 1 .87 to 14.24%; individual vitamins from 0.95 to 40.44%.

Early life lead exposure from private well water increases juvenile delinquency risk among US teens

Early life exposure to environmental lead (Pb) has been linked to decreased IQ, behavior problems, lower lifetime earnings, and increased criminal activity. Beginning in the 1970s, limits on Pb in paint, gasoline, food cans, and regulated water utilities sharply curtailed US environmental Pb exposure. Nonetheless, hundreds of thousands of US children remain at risk. This study reports on how unregulated private well water is an underrecognized Pb exposure source that is associated with an increased risk of teenage juvenile delinquency. We build a longitudinal dataset linking blood Pb measurements for 13,580 children under age 6 to their drinking water source, individual- and neighborhood-level demographics, and reported juvenile delinquency records. We estimate how early life Pb exposure from private well water influences reported delinquency. On average, children in homes with unregulated private wells had 11% higher blood Pb than those with community water service. This higher blood Pb was significantly associated with reported delinquency. Compared to children with community water service, those relying on private wells had a 21% (95% CI: 5 to 40%) higher risk of being reported for any delinquency and a 38% (95% CI: 10 to 73%) increased risk of being reported for serious delinquency after age 14. These results suggest that there could be substantial but as-yet-unrecognized social benefits from intervention programs to prevent children's exposure to Pb from private wells, on which 13% of the US population relies.

Comparative evaluation of the effects of bisphenol derivatives on oxidative stress parameters in HepG2 cells

Bisphenol A (BPA) BPA is an endocrine-disrupting chemical that has a wide range of uses. Exposure to BPA can be by oral, inhalation, and parenteral routes. Although its use in several products is limited, there is still concern on its adverse health effects, particularly for susceptible populations like children. Alternative bisphenols, such as bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol F (BPF), are now being used instead of BPA, although there is little information on the toxicity of these bisphenols. BPF is used as a plasticizer in the production of several industrial materials as well as in the coating of drinks and food cans. BPS is used in curing fast-drying epoxy glues, as a corrosion inhibitor and as a reactant in polymer reactions. In this study, the possible toxic effects of BPA, BPS, and BPF in HepG2 cells were evaluated comparatively. For this purpose, their effects on cytotoxicity, production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidant/antioxidant parameters, and DNA damage have been examined. The cytotoxicity potentials of different bisphenols were found to be as BPS > BPF > BPA. All bisphenol derivatives caused increases in intracellular ROS production. We observed that all bisphenol derivatives cause an imbalance in some oxidant/antioxidant parameters. Bisphenols also caused significant DNA damage in order of BPF > BPA > BPS. We can suggest that both of the bisphenol derivatives used as alternatives to BPA also showed similar toxicities and may not be considered as safe alternatives. Mechanistic studies are needed to elucidate this issue.

Corrosion behaviour of polymer‐laminated steel in sodium chloride solution

AbstractThe corrosion behaviour of polymer‐laminated steel in sodium chloride (NaCl) solution was studied. The iron migration amount was determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP‐OES). The result indicated that the migration of iron increased with time and a turning point occurred in 3 wt.% NaCl solution when polymer‐laminated steel cans containing NaCl solution soaked at different temperatures for 240 h. In addition, the changes of the PET/TiO2 composite film after soaking were analysed by the differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The crystallinity of the composite film decreased, the porosity increased and the surface cracks formed. Moreover, the composition and morphology of the corrosion products were characterized by the X‐ray diffraction (XRD), SEM and EDS, indicating that the corrosion products were Fe3O4 and Fe2O3. Based on the results, a schematic diagram of the corrosion mechanism of polymer‐laminated steel cans was given.

Improving prediction of temperature profiles of packaged food during retort processing

A one-dimensional (1D) apparent position (AP) numerical solution (APNS) method was previously proposed to predict the evolution of temperature at the slowest heating point (SHP) of canned food in any shaped container during retort processing. In this study, the APNS method was implemented in a two-dimensional (2D) computational domain in a conductive cylinder that provides a contour of AP for the SHP instead of a single AP in the existing 1D method, enabling the selection of the optimal AP that could substantially improve the prediction accuracy of the APNS method. The 2D method was implemented in a web-based software tool. This tool provided a perfect prediction of a simulated product temperature profile of a conductive canned food in a truncated cone-shaped container, and reasonably good predictions of experimentally measured product temperature profiles of canned food in different shaped containers subjected to natural convection or mixed convection/conduction at non-constant heating temperature. • A 1D APNS method has been used to predict temperature profiles of canned food. • A 2D APNS method was developed in this study to improve the prediction accuracy. • The 2D method was validated using data for conductive and convective canned food. • The 2D method was implemented in a web-based software tool.

Exceptional long-term durability of Coratina monovarietal extra virgin olive oil evaluated through chemical parameters and oxidative stability test

Coratina is a very popular olive cultivar, native of the Apulian region (Italy), but today worldwide cultivated and appreciated. In the present study, durability of Coratina monovarietal extra virgin olive oils (CMOO), produced in the Molise region (Southern Italy), was investigated up to 6-years storage in metal tin cans, under room temperature and darkness. Durability was considered the storage time in which an oil remained food grade. Yearly, the free fatty acids, peroxide value, K232 and K270 indices, fatty acid composition, diacylglycerols, phenolic profile and Rancimat induction time at 130 °C were determined on the oil. Free fatty acids and peroxide value increased linearly over time but never surpassing the European limits set for the EVOO category. Conversely, K232 and K270 exceeded the EVOO limits after five and four years, respectively. A linear decrease of phenolic compounds was observed with direct effect on the oil oxidative stability measured by Rancimat test. In conclusion, despite some signs of aging, the CMOO highlighted a remarkable long durability being food-grade up to 6-years.

Trash-art in China and Korea: Struggle for the Cultural Heritage — the Case of Porcelain

The article discusses examples of trash art created by contemporary Chinese and Korean artists. In view of the environmental and social agenda, contemporary artists often use materials once used for completely different purposes. Chinese and Korean artists are no exception here. The author considers examples of the broken porcelain used to create new art objects created in China and Korea. Beijing-based artist Li Xiaofeng creates wearable dresses from broken porcelain from the Song, Ming, and Qing dynasties, and works with new broken porcelain to create designs with fashion houses such as Lacoste and Alexander McQueen. Korean ceramist Yee Soo Kyung takes broken porcelain to create oddly shaped vases and sculptures using the traditional Japanese kintsugi restoration method. Recycled China creates art panels and functional flowerpots from scrap Jingdezhen porcelain and aluminum. Lei Xue works in a different plane of trash art. The artist creates products from new materials, imitating garbage, for example, crumpled tin cans. At the same time, the author paints his products with patterns traditional for Chinese porcelain. Author concludes that, unlike Western artists concerned about environmental issues, Eastern ones are more often concentrated on the preservation of cultural heritage. They are trying to present old, crashed traditional art objects in a new, more attractive light for modern society needs, as well as to fit objects into the modern social agenda, more precisely, to make them “fashionable”.

A concise overview of deep drawing in the metal forming operation

Deep drawing is a method of shaping flat sheets into geometrically cup-shaped metal stock, known as blanks, without failure or excessive localised thinning. When compared to other metal forming methods, deep drawing has a wide range of applications. It is widely used in the industries, among which are beverage and food cans, kitchen sinks, cookware, engine oil pans, Solenoid assemblies, automotive fuel tanks as well as fire extinguisher containers. Deep drawing is the most difficult procedure in manufacturing to obtain a faultless result. Because there is very little material waste, it is a very cost-effective technique. Defects, both in shape and location, are dimensionally deviant and constitute a significant difficulty for companies that produce large quantities of their products. In this mini-study, an overview of the deep drawing technique was investigated. The review covered the applications, merits, and demerits of the deep drawing process. Different defects in deep drawing such as wrinkling, ironing, tearing, earing, galling etc were briefly discussed. A brief history and the advances that have been made in deep drawing was established.

CFD Analysis of Can Heating Process

In this work, the thermal sterilization process in food cans has been analyzed using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). STAR CCM+ software has been used in order to develop a numerical model to study the heating process of standard and the recently proposed toroidal shaped cans. The model has been validated comparing the results with the ones obtained experimentally and numerically that can be found in the literature. A good agreement between the obtained numerical results and the experimental ones has been obtained. The results also agree with other numerical models previously developed in the literature. Once the model has been validated, taking advance of the possibility to easily introduce movement in the simulations, new variables have been analyzed in the system using this model, such as rotational movement of the can. The model developed has been used to study the efficiency of the sterilization process with the two types of cans by means of calculating the temperature inside the systems and calculating the F0 parameter. It can be seen that the efficiency of the sterilization process is better in the toroidal cans. It has been also checked that CFD models can be very helpful in analyzing the temperature profiles inside the cans and making sure that the correct temperature has been obtained inside the can and the sterilization process has been correctly carried out.

Організаційно-економічний механізм ефективного розвитку плодоовочевого консервного виробництва

The article is devoted to the formation of organizational and economic mechanism of development of fruit and vegetable canning production in Ukraine. It has been determined that the main components of organizational-economic mechanism of activity and development of fruit and vegetable canning industry are: regulation of the integrity of enterprises' development; regulation of innovation and investment activity on the basis of own capital; regulation of financial activity; creating conditions for the realization of operational activity; conducting effective commercial activity; providing incentive-motivational social conditions; providing informational and analytical support. The conceptual bases of creation of new organizational structure for the development of fruit and vegetable processing in Ukraine have been formed. The definition of the strategic alliance of a new type in relation to the system of fruit and vegetables tinned production has been given. This structure is an organic unity of production, investment, innovation, financial, marketing and other activities of enterprises united on the chain-network (technological and functional) principle in an interconnected system of functional "fields": production of raw materials, procurement and storage, processing, sales. Creation of integrated fruit and vegetables and canning structures of the "new alliance" type will allow to solve the problems of the branch development by means of organizational and economic mechanism of the branch development in the system of the alliance. Possibilities of the alliance allow solving the following problems: satisfying the existing and future needs of consumers in high-quality food products; providing canneries with quality raw materials of domestic origin; overcoming disparity of prices and optimization of profit distribution between the links of the technological chain; combining financial capabilities of enterprises to solve development problems; providing agricultural producers with guaranteed product sales at an adequate price; the renewal of the technical and technological basis of the productions; the increase of the economic effectiveness of the alliance production, the cost reduction, the more precise revealing and the use of the reserves of the economic development; the spread of the corporate culture, the newest ways of the work organization, the increase of the collective consciousness, the motivation of the creative activity; the increase of the labour productivity; the introduction of the modern quality management systems; fuller and more rational use of the resources; the decision of the problem of the cadre providing.

Moving Seascapes: The Architecture and Biology of Fishing and Canning on the Portuguese Coast

When they fish, humans play an active part in the dynamics of marine ecosys-tems, and architecture is subsequently involved in the processing of their catch. Our goal is to develop the idea of Fishing Architecture as a useful concept for understanding the interconnected relationship between architecture and fish-ing. By analysing the architectural and ecological outcomes of fisheries and can-ning industry, we will try to assess the complex relationship between human ac-tivities and environmental transformations. How can we represent the intricate relationship between the sea and the coast? This text seeks to state this hypothe-sis and incorporate ecological information into the analysis of the development of the sardine canning industry in Matosinhos. Based on the knowledge of ma-rine ecology, we hope to find an original perspective from which to visualize and evaluate urban developments and their environmental impacts.

Perinatal Environmental Health Education Intervention to Reduce Exposure to Endocrine Disruptors: The PREVED Project.

Environmental health promotion interventions may reduce endocrine disruptor (ED) exposure. The PREVED (PREgnancy, preVention, Endocrine Disruptors) project was developed to improve knowledge, to enhance risk perception, and to change exposure behavior. Our objective was to present the phases of the PREVED project using the RE-AIM method. PREVED intervention consisted of three workshops during pregnancy. Reach, adoption, and implementation phases were assessed with qualitative studies. Efficacy study consisted of a three-arm randomized controlled trial (RCT) on 268 pregnant women: (i) control group (leaflet), (ii) intervention group in neutral location, (iii) intervention group in contextualized location. The main outcome was the percentage evolution of participants who reported consuming canned food. Secondary outcomes were evolution of psycho-social scores, evolution of ED presence in urine, and ED presence in colostrum. The intervention adoption was centered on upper-privileged women, but implementation assessment showed that key features (highly practical intervention) seemed to be carried out and had initiated some behavior changes. A total of 268 pregnant women participated in the intervention and 230 in a randomized controlled trial (control group: 86 and intervention groups: 172). We found no significant differences in consumption of canned food and in percentage of women having a decrease of bisphenol A or parabens in urine, but we found a significant increase in the evolution of risk perception score and overall psychosocial score in intervention groups (respectively: +15.73 control versus +21.03 intervention, p = 0.003 and +12.39 versus +16.20, p = 0.02). We found a significant difference in percentage of women with butylparaben detection between control group and intervention groups (13% versus 3%, p = 0.03). PREVED intervention is the first intervention research dedicated to perinatal environmental health education in France. By sharing know-how/experience in a positive non-alarmist approach, it improved risk perception, which is key to behavior change, aiming to reduce perinatal ED exposure. Including women in precarious situations remains a major issue.