Cane Molasses Research Articles

Integrated kinetic modeling of acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation by Clostridium saccharoperbutilacetonicum N1-4: Co-utilization strategy with cane molasses, biomass-derived sugars, and furaldehydes

Sugar-based byproducts such as molasses and bagasse are abundant resources for large-scale biobutanol commercialization. This study presents a comprehensive kinetic model to analyze ABE (acetone-butanol-ethanol) fermentation by C. saccharoperbutilacetonicum N1-4, emphasizing diverse carbon sources and furaldehyde co-utilization. By leveraging sensitivity analysis against models in the literature and the proposed model as well as parameter optimization using Scilab®, the potential for the simultaneous utilization of sugarcane molasses and bagasse-derived sugars alongside furfural and HMF for butanol synthesis was assessed. These findings revealed that despite the microbial preference for hexose sugars, the incorporation of up to 25% pentose sugars did not significantly hinder butanol production. However, furaldehydes perturbed butyric acid assimilation and acetyl-CoA consumption while enhancing acetone-butanol-ethanol synthesis. The simulation highlighted the peak concentrations of furfural and HMF (0.33 mmol L−1 and 0.03 mmol L−1, respectively), underscoring their conversion to less toxic alcohols, thereby augmenting metabolism. Sensitivity analysis underscores the necessity of enhancing butyric acid assimilation, providing critical insights for optimizing ABE fermentation and advancing biobutanol production from sugar-based byproducts.

Essai de production de l’acide polylactique (PLA) à partir de la mélasse de canne à sucre en vue d’élaborer les emballages bioplastiques

This work involves the development of a bioplastic replacement for non-degradable plastics in packaging. The objective was to produce polylactic acid (PLA) from sugarcane molasses with locally produced Lactobacillus delbrucckii. Polylactic acid is a biosourced and biodegradable polymer, it can be plasticized. The lactic acid bacteria necessary for the synthesis were isolated and identified as Lactobacillus delbrucckii following their characteristics. The sugar cane molasses used came from the KwiluNgongo sugar mill with a concentration of 410.9 g/L of fermentable sugar. 1L of diluted molasses was fermented with the inoculum of Lactobacillus delbrucckii in a ratio of 10/1. This fermentation produced 98 g of lactic acid after purification (63.6%). Lactic acid was polymerized to polylactic acid (92%), via lactide (78.46%), by ring opening. Lactobacillus delbrucckii colonies were characterized by Gram staining, catalase test, morphology, appearance of the colony and mode of fermentation. The Brix degree, pH, density and fermentable sugar level were determined on the molasses. The polymer obtained had a brittle behavior when heated and its mixture with 5% glycerol gelled more weakly than in the presence of 10% glycerol.

Improving Geotechnical Properties of Expansive Subgrade Using Sugar Cane Molasses and Cement

Improving Geotechnical Properties of Expansive Subgrade Using Sugar Cane Molasses and Cement

Sustainable dairy farming and fipronil risk in circular feeds: insights from an Italian case study

Circular feeds, such as grain dry distillers, citrus pulp, cane molasses, and potatoes peels, are co-products of biomass processes. They are currently proposed in animal nutrition to improve the environmental and economic sustainability of the food production chain. In this paper, we report a case study involving fipronil, a pesticide currently not authorized for agriculture within the EU, but used in the Americas, Eastern Europe, and Asia. Fipronil was found at a mean level of 0.49 mg/kg, in a grain dry distiller batch administered to dairy cows. This finding, along with other evidence of potential fipronil presence in feed materials, prompted us to evaluate the risk to food safety and food security from 12 different conventional and sustainable feeding regimens. To this purpose, we considered a fipronil feed-to-milk carry-over rate of 0.52, the tolerance levels in fodders and food from The EU, Codex Alimentarius, and US-EPA, and the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) of 0.0002 mg/kg body weight for adverse effects on thyroid function in dairy cows. Under a conservative scenario, fipronil-contaminated potato peels and grain distillers in the feeding regimens may play a pivotal role in exceeding the EU Maximum Residue Level (MRL) in bovine milk and fat (0.005 and 0.030 mg/kg, respectively). Hay-based diets with soybean hulls and cane molasses show negligible risks (Hazard Index ∼ 1). In all cases, the ADI exceedance suggests the need to evaluate thyroid function in dairy cows exposed to fipronil as a food security factor.

Copper nanoparticles biosynthesis by Priestia megaterium and its application as antibacterial and antitumor agents

The growth of material science and technology places high importance on creating better processes for synthesizing copper nanoparticles. Thus, an easy, ecological, and benign process for producing copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) has been developed using Priestia sp. bacteria utilizing a variety of low-cost agro-industrial wastes and byproducts. The biosynthesis of CuNPs was conducted using glucose medium and copper ions salt solution, then it was replaced by utilizing low-cost agro-industrial wastes. UV–visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), High-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM), Attenuated Total Reflectance and Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), and zeta potential were used to characterize the biosynthesized CuNPs. The cytotoxicity of CuNPs using Vero -CCL-81 cell lines, and antibacterial and antitumor properties using human colon epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma Caco-2-HTB-37 cell lines were assessed. The UV–visible and DLS studies revealed CuNPs formation, with a maximum concentration of 6.19 ppm after 48 h, as indicated by a 0.58 Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) within 450 nm and 57.73 nm particle size. The 16S rRNA gene analysis revealed that Priestia sp. isolate is closely related to Priestia megaterium and has been deposited in the NCBI GenBank with accession number AMD 2024. The biosynthesis with various agro-industrial wastes indicated blackstrap sugar cane molasses being the most effective for reducing CuNPs size to 3.12 nm owing to various reducing and stabilizing active compounds. The CuNPs were free of contaminants, with a sphere-shaped structure and a cytotoxicity assessment with an IC50 of 367.27 μg/mL. The antibacterial activity exhibited by the most susceptible bacteria were Bacillus cereus ATCC 11788 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 with inhibition zones of 26.0 mm and 28.0 mm, respectively. The antitumor effect showed an IC50 dose of 175.36 μg/mL. Based on the findings, the current work sought to lower product costs and provide a practical solution to the environmental contamination issues brought on by the buildup of agricultural wastes. In addition, the obtained CuNPs could be applied in many fields such as pharmaceuticals, water purification, and agricultural applications as future aspects.

Pilot scale production of high-content mycoprotein using Rhizopus microsporus var. oligosporus by submerged fermentation and agro-industrial by-products

While mycoprotein has gained traction as a human food source, its potential as a nutrient for animals remains largely unexplored. The mycoprotein-producing Rhizopus microsporus var. oligosporus, a fungus traditionally used for human food in Indonesia, is promising. It could revolutionise animal nutrition once it is Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) and is a biosafety level 1 (BSL1) organism. To enhance sustainably, we propose using sugar cane molasses (SM) and corn steep liquor (CSL) as nutrient sources. Also, we investigated the growth of R. microsporus var. oligosporus in five 14 L external-loop airlift bioreactors using CSL as the sole nutrient source. After 96 h of fermentation, at 25 °C and 0.5 vvm, the mycelium produced had an average biomass yield of 38.34 g L−1, with 70.18 % (m v−1) crude protein (mycoprotein). This bioprocess, which is scalable and economically viable, produces high amounts of mycoprotein for animal feed using CSL, a cost-effective agro-industrial by-product, providing a practical solution to the growing demand for animal protein.

PSXII-16 Effect of including sugar cane molasses on rumen fermentation characteristics in young beef finishing heifers

Abstract In ruminant animals, the use of molasses has benefits related to improved voluntary intake and increased production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in the rumen, especially butyrate. Butyrate is closely related to gastrointestinal tract health, as it may contribute to the increase in the absorption area of the ruminal epithelium and improve the utilization of diet components, resulting in improved voluntary intake and immune response capacity in stressful situations, such as weaning. Hence, our objective was to assess the effect of sugar cane molasses on rumen fermentation characteristics in young beef finishing heifers. Newly weaned Nellore × Red Angus heifers (n = 12) averaging 238 ± 5.1 kg body weight (BW), were used. All heifers were housed in individual pens with concrete floors, covered feeders, and drinkers. The basal diet was 50 % concentrate, and consisted of corn silage, sorghum silage, ground corn, soybean meal, urea, and a mineral premix. The diet was provided twice daily at 0700 and 1600 h, allowing up to 10% in orts (as fed). The following treatments were evaluated: control (no addition of powdered molasses) or addition of 50 g/kg of diet [dry matter (DM) basis] of powdered molasses. The experiment lasted for a total of 80 d, including a 14-d adaptation period. On d 68 and 76, rumen fluid samples were collected both before and 4 h after the morning feeding using an oral probe coupled to a vacuum pump. The initial fluid samples were discarded to prevent saliva contamination. The rumen fluid was filtered through four layers of cheesecloth, and then pH was measured. Subsequently, samples were taken and stored in an ultra-freezer (-80°C) for subsequent SCFA analysis. The data were subjected to analysis of variance using the GLM procedure of SAS 9.4 (α = 0.05). Providing molasses increased ruminal pH compared with control heifers (P < 0.032). Adding molasses did not affect SCFA concentration (P > 0.90). Conversely, we detected an effect of molasses on SCFA molar proportion. The molar proportion of both acetate (P < 0.013) and butyrate (P < 0.012) were greater in heifers fed molasses than with controls. On the other hand, dietary molasses addition decreased (P < 0.001). the propionate molar proportion. This resulted in an increased (P < 0.002) acetate-to-propionate ratio in heifers fed diets containing molasses. In conclusion, providing sugar cane molasses enhances rumen fermentation characteristics in young beef finishing heifers.

Effectiveness of May Grunwald Giemsa staining on tissues fixed with sugar cane molasses

Formaldehyde is a reactive chemical that reacts randomly with various cellular elements. This substance, which is also found in the natural structure of the organism, is used in many areas, from the industry to household materials, from the production of coatings in dentistry to the fixation of cadavers in laboratories. Formaldehyde is commonly used in laboratories for fixation of tissues. In this study, the staining properties of tissues fixed with low-cost sugar cane molasses, which is one of the natural sugars and organically produced in Turkey, shown by May Grunwald Giemsa staining method were compared with those of tissues fixed with buffered formol-saline. As a result, intense maceration was observed in the skin and small intestines. Considering the chromatin distribution, nucleus separation and cytoplasm staining in other tissues (liver, spleen, kidney, testis, large intestine, brain, cerebellum and lung), tissues fixed with sugarcane molasses showed similar properties to tissues fixed with buffered formal-saline.

Dietary fiber source and direct-fed microbial supplementation effects on lactation performance and feeding behavior of high-producing dairy cows

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary fiber source and direct-fed microbial supplementation on lactation performance and feeding behavior of high-producing dairy cows. Sixty-four multiparous Holstein cows (3.5 ± 1.6 lactations; 76 ± 22 DIM and 735 ± 67 kg of BW at covariate period initiation) and 32 gate feeders were enrolled in a study with a completely randomized design and a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Cows and gate feeders were randomly assigned to treatments (16 cows and 8 gate feeds per treatment). Cows were allowed 1 week to acclimate to feeding gates followed by a 2-week covariate period. During the acclimation and covariate periods, all cows were fed the same diet to meet or exceed the nutrient requirements. Following the covariate period, cows were enrolled in a 8-week treatment period during which cows were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatments consisting of forage inclusion in the diet, either 45.8% (LF) or 56.7% (HF) of DM, and the supplementation of 75 mL/hd/d of a direct-fed microbial (DFM) containing herbal extracts (mallow, mint, and sage), L. plantarum, L. buchneri, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and sugar cane molasses (Valibiom Mix, Valibiotics, Traiskirchen, Austria) or without supplementation (CON). The average covariate period value of each variable was used as a covariate. Three-way interactions were observed for DMI and feed efficiency. Dry matter intake was 2 to 3 kg greater for LF-DFM than HF-CON and HF-DFM during wk 2, 3, 5, and 8 of the treatment period. Milk production was 2.1 kg/d greater for LF than HF diets. Both milk fat and MUN concentrations were greater for HF than LF diets. Conversely, milk protein concentration was lower for HF than LF diets. The respiration rate measured in the morning was lower with DFM supplementation than CON. Rectal temperature measured in the morning and averaged for the day were greater for LF than HF diets. Under the conditions of the present study, feeding high-forage diets may be an alternative for producers to reduce feeding costs depending on the price of purchased feeds. However, non-forage fiber sources (i.e., soy hulls) must be considered when producers are challenged by either forage shortages or forage with a lower nutritive value. Additionally, DFM supplementation reduced respiration rate in the morning and affected meal behavior of lactating cows.

Production of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) by Bacillus megaterium LVN01 Using Biogas Digestate

The Bacillus megaterium LVN01 species native to Colombia has demonstrated the ability to metabolize different coproducts or industrial waste (such as fique juice, cane molasses, and residual glycerol) and accumulate polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), giving it potential in the bioplastics industry. In this research, the potential of liquid digestate as a carbon source for the production of PHA polymers in fermentation processes with this bacterial strain was evaluated. Favorably, it was found that B. megaterium utilizes the nutrients from this residual substrate to multiply appropriately and efficiently synthesize poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV). Bench-scale aerobic batch fermentation, under the operational conditions of this research [volume: 3 L; temperature: 30.8 °C; agitation: 400 rpm; pH: 7.0 ± 0.2; dissolved oxygen: 100% saturation; antifoam: 10% (v/v)], generated maximum values of dry cell weight (DCW) (0.56 g cell L−1) at 60 h, while the maximum PHBV yield (360 mg PHBV L−1) occurred at 16 h, which is very favorable for sustainable degradable bioplastics production. Additionally, GC–MS and NMR analyses confirmed that the PHBV copolymer synthesized by B. megaterium is made up of the monomers 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB) and 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV). Furthermore, the thermal properties determined by TGA (Tonset = 283.1 °C; Tendset = 296.98 °C; Td = 290.114 °C) and DSC (Tm = °C 155.7 °C; ΔHf = 19.80 J g−1; Xcr = 18.17%) indicate that it is a thermally stable biopolymer with low percentages of crystallinity, providing flexibility that facilitates molding, adaptation, and application in various industrial sectors.

Production of a high-energy solid biofuel from biochar produced from cashew nut shells

The aim of the study is to produce a solid biofuel of high physico-mechanical and energetic quality from heat-treated cashew nut shells. Raw cashew nut shells are heat treated at 300 °C for 120 min at a heating rate of 1 °C/s. The resulting biochar is milled to 74 μm. Sugar cane molasses was incorporated into the biochar powder at a rate of 10% without the addition of water. The mass yields of solid, liquid and gaseous products obtained were 46.5%, 27.6% and 25.9% respectively. The solid biofuel produced has slightly improved physicochemical and energy properties over biochar, except ash and moisture content. Thus, the addition of binder and densification increased the ash and moisture content of the solid biofuel compared to the biochar obtained. With a higher calorific value of 33.02 MJ/kg, the solid biofuel has high water resistance and meets the quality requirements of class A1 of the NF EN ISO 17225-6 standard in terms of density and mechanical strength. Solid biofuel is ideal for use in households and biomass power stations.

Enhanced Citric Acid Production through Aspergillus niger: Insights from Fermentation Studies Using Sugarcane Molasses.

The production of citric acid, a vital agricultural commodity utilized across various industries such as food, beverages, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, detergents, and cosmetics, predominantly relies on microbial fermentation, with Aspergillus niger accounting for approximately 90% of global production. In this study, we aimed to optimize the key factors influencing citric acid production, with a focus on strains, fermentation techniques, and carbon sources, particularly sugarcane molasses. A. niger, sourced from the Botany department/Biotechnology laboratories at Govt. College of Science, Lahore, was employed for citric acid production. The process involved inoculum preparation through spore collection from 3 to 5 days of cultured PDA slants. The fermentation medium, comprising cane molasses with a 15% sugar concentration, was meticulously prepared and optimized for various factors, including magnesium sulfate, potassium ferrocyanide, time of addition of potassium ferrocyanide, ammonium oxalate, and calcium chloride. Our optimization results shed light on the significant impact of different factors on citric acid production. For instance, the addition of 0.4 g/L magnesium sulfate led to a maximum yield of 75%, while 2 g/L potassium ferrocyanide, added at 24 h, achieved a yield of 78%. Remarkably, ammonium oxalate, at a concentration of 10 g/L, resulted in a notable 77% yield. Conversely, the addition of calcium chloride exhibited negligible effects on citric acid production, with the control group yielding more at 78%. Our study underscores the potential for optimizing factors to enhance citric acid production by A. niger in submerged fermentation. These findings highlight the pivotal role of magnesium sulfate, potassium ferrocyanide, and ammonium oxalate in augmenting citric acid yields while emphasizing the minimal impact of calcium chloride. Ultimately, these insights contribute to advancing our understanding of microbial citric acid biosynthesis, providing valuable implications for industrial applications and future research endeavors.

Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Potential of Bacterial Cellulose Hydrogel Containing Vancomycin against Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis.

The present study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of bacterial cellulose hydrogel produced by Zoogloea sp. (HYDROGEL) containing vancomycin (VAN) against bacterial strains that cause wound infections, such as multidrug-resistant (MDR) Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Initially, HYDROGEL was obtained from sugar cane molasses, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed to determine morphological characteristics. Then, VAN was incorporated into HYDROGEL (VAN-HYDROGEL). The antibacterial activity of VAN, HYDROGEL, and VAN-HYDROGEL was assessed using the broth microdilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) ATCC 25923, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) ATCC 33591, S. epidermidis INCQS 00016 (ATCC 12228), five clinical isolates of MRSA, and nine clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis, following the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Additionally, the antibacterial activity of VAN, HYDROGEL, and VAN-HYDROGEL was studied using the time-kill assay. Subsequently, the antibiofilm activity of VAN, HYDROGEL, and VAN-HYDROGEL was evaluated using crystal violet and Congo red methods, as well as SEM analysis. VAN and VAN-HYDROGEL showed bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity against MRSA and methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis strains. HYDROGEL did not show any antibacterial activity. Analysis of the time-kill assay indicated that HYDROGEL maintained the antibacterial efficacy of VAN, highlighting its efficiency as a promising carrier. Regarding antibiofilm activity, VAN and HYDROGEL inhibited biofilm formation but did not demonstrate biofilm eradication activity against methicillin-resistant S. aureus and S. epidermidis strains. However, it was observed that the biofilm eradication potential of VAN was enhanced after incorporation into HYDROGEL, a result also proven through images obtained by SEM. From the methods carried out in this study, it was possible to observe that HYDROGEL preserved the antibacterial activity of vancomycin, aside from exhibiting antibiofilm activity and enhancing the antibiofilm effect of VAN. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the potential of HYDROGEL as a candidate and/or vehicle for antibiotics against MDR bacteria that cause wound infections.

Heavy metal application of response surface optimized-lipopeptide biosurfactant produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain CGA-02 in low-cost substrate

Cost-effective methods of biosurfactant production with minimal environmental impact are needed as global demand continues to increase. This study evaluated lipopeptide biosurfactant production in a Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain CGA-02 using a low-cost carbon substrate. The structural properties of the biosurfactant and applicability of the biosurfactant in heavy metal removal were evaluated. Response surface methodology (RSM) involving central composite design (CCD) was used to optimize process parameters to maximize biosurfactant production. The study identified sugar cane molasses and sodium nitrate as carbon and nitrogen sources of choice for bacterial growth and biosurfactant production, with a relatively 2.64-fold increase in biosurfactant yield under optimized conditions. Analysis of the biosurfactant measured a surface tension reduction of water from 72.2 ± 0.26 to 30.5 ± 0.2 mN/m at 40 mg/L critical micelle concentration. GC–MS and FTIR analysis revealed structural properties of the lipopeptide biosurfactant, with fatty acid components predominantly 9-octadecenoic acid (oleic acid), n-hexadecanoic acid, cyclotetrasiloxane and trimyristin, and infrared peaks belonging to amine, carboxyl, nitrile, alkanol, ether and carbonyl groups. Capture of heavy metals using the biosurfactant was evaluated in soil microcosms. Removal rates of 80.47, 100, 77.57, 100, and 97.57% were recorded for As, Pb, Hg, Cd and Cr respectively after 12 weeks of incubation. There was no significant difference (p < 0.05) in the removal efficiency of the biosurfactant and an analogous chemical surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulphate. First and second-order kinetic models described heavy metal removal rates by the biosurfactant. We demonstrate the production of a useful biosurfactant using low-cost waste carbon.

Optimization of production and evaluation of Microbial kojic Acid obtained from Sugarcane Molasses (SCM) by Aspergillus sp.

Kojic acid (KA) is an organic acid that is generated by various fungi, particularly by Aspergillus species, as a secondary metabolite. The current study is aimed to determine the optimal conditions for the production of kojic acid from various fungal strains grown on agro-industrial wastes. After testing six fungal strains for their suitability for kojic acid production, Aspergillus oryzae (AUMC.64) and Aspergillus tamari (AUMC.43) were found to be the highest producers of KA. Three different agro-industrial wastes were screened as a fermentation media and sugar cane molasses showed the highest productivity for (KA). Aspergillus oryzae (AUMC.64), and Aspergillus tamari (AUMC.43) achieved the maximal production of kojic acid (25.91, 18.95 ± 0.001 g. L-1respectively) from sugarcane molasses (SCM) under optimum conditions of growth (10% solution of sugarcane molasses, pH 4.0 and fermentation period of 10 days). Also, the antimicrobial activities of KA produced by A. oryzae AUMC64 and A. tamari AUMC43 against the selected test strains of microorganisms Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium were recorded. The maximum growth inhibition zone (20–13.2 mm) was observed on the cultures of Escherichia coli. Meanwhile the antioxidant activities of KA produced by A. oryzae AUMC64 and A. tamari AUMC43 was 79.1 and 62.42%, respectively.

Bioethanol production from sugarcane molasses by co-fermentation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolate TA2 and Wickerhamomyces anomalus isolate HCJ2F-19

PurposeCo-culturing is a widely used method to improve bioethanol production from biomass enriched in fermentable sugars. This study aims to produce bioethanol from sugarcane molasses by simultaneous co-fermentation of S. cerevisiae isolate TA2 and W. anomalus isolate HCJ2F-19.MethodsResponse surface methodology (RSM) based on the central composite design (CCD) was employed to optimize fermentation conditions, including mixing rate (110–150 rpm), temperature (25–35 °C), molasses concentration (25–35 obrix), and incubation time (36–72 h). The ethanol concentration was analyzed using HPLC equipped with a UV detector.ResultsThe monocultureS. cerevisiae isolate TA2 produced 17.2 g.L−1 of ethanol, 0.33 g.g−1 of ethanol yield, and 0.36 g.L−1.h−1 of productivity compared to W. anomalus isolate HCJ2F that produced 14.5 g.L−1, 0.30 g.g−1 and 0.28 g.L−1.h−1 ethanol, ethanol yield, and productivity under laboratory conditions, respectively. In comparison to single cultures of S. cerevisiae TA2 and W. anomalus HCJ2F, the co-fermentation using both isolates showed an increased ethanol yield of 29% and 53% compared to the single species fermentations, respectively. The results showed that the growth of W. anomalus HCJ2F-19 and S. cerevisiae TA2 was not influenced by each other during the co-fermentation process. The one variable at a time optimization (OVAT) analysis resulted in an ethanol concentration of 26.5 g.L−1 with a specific yield and productivity of 0.46 g.g−1, 0.55 g.L−1.h−1, respectively, at pH 5.5, 25 obrix, 48 h, 150 rpm, 30 °C, 60:40 inoculum ratio, and 10% overall inoculum size. The maximum ethanol concentration of 35.5 g.L−1 was obtained by co-fermentation using the RSM-CCD tool at 30 obrix, 30 °C, 54 h, and 130 rpm.ConclusionThe results suggested that the co-fermentation of S. cerevisiae isolate TA2 and W. anomalus isolate HCJ2F improves bioethanol production from sugar cane molasses under optimum fermentation conditions.

Sucrose Recovery from Diluted Cane Molasses by Using Mass Transfer to the Third Liquid Layer at Contacting with Ethanol

Sucrose Recovery from Diluted Cane Molasses by Using Mass Transfer to the Third Liquid Layer at Contacting with Ethanol

Efficient conversion of cane molasses into Tremella fuciformis polysaccharides with enhanced bioactivity through repeated batch culture

Tremella fuciformis polysaccharide (TFPS) is a natural mushroom mucopolysaccharide widely used in health foods, medical care, cosmetic and surgical materials. In this study, we developed an efficient strategy for the repeated batch production of highly bioactive TFPS from the agro-industrial residue cane molasses. Cane molasses contained 39.92 % sucrose (w/w), 6.36 % fructose and 3.53 % glucose, all of which could be utilized by T. fuciformis spores, whereas, the TFPS production efficiency only reached 0.74 g/L/d. Corn cobs proved to be the best immobilized carrier that could tightly absorb spores and significantly shorten the fermentation lag period. The average yield of TFPS in eight repeated batch culture was 5.52 g/L with a production efficiency of 2.04 g/L/d. The average fermentation cycle after optimization was reduced by 61.61 % compared with the initial conditions. Compared to glucose as a carbon source, cane molasses significantly increased the proportion of low-molecular-weight TFPS (TFPS-2) in total polysaccharides from 3.54 % to 17.25 % (w/w). Moreover, TFPS-2 exhibited potent antioxidant capacity against four free radicals (O2−, ABTS+, OH, and DPPH). In conclusion, this study lays the foundation for the efficient conversion of cane molasses and production of TFPS with high bioactivity.

Thermally Stable P(3HB) Synthesis from Cane Molasses by Co-culture of Alcaligenes sp. NCIM 5085 and Bacillus subtilis

Thermally Stable P(3HB) Synthesis from Cane Molasses by Co-culture of Alcaligenes sp. NCIM 5085 and Bacillus subtilis

Gıda atıklarının bakteriyel selüloz üretiminde kullanımı

Cellulose is defined as a polymer that exists in the cell walls of plant tissues and is widely used in many industrial fields. However, the recent threat of deforestation has led researchers to find alternative wood sources for cellulose production. For this reason, literature studies have focused on certain types of bacteria known to be capable of producing cellulose, such as Acetobacter, Gluconobacter, Alcaligenes, etc. It is stated that cellulose of plant origin and bacterial origin have a similar structure. Bacterial cellulose possesses a big economic and commercial potential depending on the purpose and the production method and is generally used in food applications as a fat substitute, rheology modifier, immobilization material for probiotics and enzymes, stabilizer of pickering emulsions, component of food coatings and green packaging film. Recently, it has become more prominent to use food waste as production inputs, such as beet and sugar cane molasses, fruit waste, dairy industry waste, etc. So, the utilization of industrial by-products, agro-forestry, and food industry residues as carbon sources has been providing significant advantages, such as increasing yield and reducing cost. The objective of this study was to present a general look related to bacterial cellulose production in combination with the use of food waste and future trends.