Candidate Quality Research Articles

Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Preferensi Pemilih Usia Muda dalam Pemilihan Presiden 2024 di Kota Medan menggunakan Regresi Logistik Biner

This study aims to identify factors that influence young voters' preferences in the 2024 presidential election in Medan City. There are 12 independent variables used in this study, namely socio-culture, age, education, track record, policy, political issues, political interest, campaign, social media, trust, candidate quality, and debate results. The dependent variable is voter preference, with a value of 0 for not voting and 1 for voting. This study used binary logistic regression method with purposive sampling technique to collect data from 271 respondents of young voters in Medan City. The results show that the independent variables jointly affect the dependent variable, as indicated by the G-test value of 85.909 which is greater than the value of χ_((0,05;12))^2(21.026). Through the Wald test, it is known that there are 6 independent variables that have a significant effect on the dependent variable, namely socio-culture (9.011), age (11.339), track record (4.638), political issues (4.403), campaign (4.165) and debate results (13.901), where these values are greater than the value of χ_((0,05;1))^2(3.841). While the remaining 6 variables, namely education (1.203), policy (0.072), political interest (1.435), social media (0.128), trust (1.557), and candidate quality (1.891) have no significant effect on the dependent variable, because the Wald test values of the six variables are smaller than the value of χ_((0,05;1))^2(3.841).

A Study on “E-recruitment and Selection”

The study examines the impact of e-recruitment platforms on Bchemix Chemicals hiring process. It evaluates their efficiency, cost savings, and candidate quality. Data was collected through surveys and statistical tools like the Chi-square test. Results show that e-recruitment platforms significantly improve recruitment by reducing time-to-hire and enhancing user experience. However, technical issues and slow response times present challenges that need further optimization. The study concludes that addressing these limitations is crucial for maximizing e-recruitment's potential in streamlining hiring at Bchemix.

The Implications of the Empty Box Phenomenon in Regional Head Elections in Indonesia on Political Participation

Democracy in Indonesia, characterized by periodic elections, grants the people the right to choose leaders at various levels of government. Despite significant transitions since the 1998 reform, challenges in the implementation of democracy, such as the empty box phenomenon in regional head elections (Pilkada), persist. This phenomenon refers to situations where no qualified candidates are proposed, which can affect public political participation. This study aims to analyze the implications of the empty box phenomenon on political participation and the efforts that can be made to address it. The method used is normative legal research with a legislative and conceptual approach, as well as descriptive analysis of secondary data. The results indicate that the empty box can decrease political participation, trigger social conflict, and hinder regional development. Efforts to address this phenomenon include improving candidate quality, involving the community in the nomination process, and educating voters. With these measures, it is hoped that public political participation can increase and the quality of regional head elections can be maintained.

Do Quality Candidates and Incumbents Still Matter in the Partisan World? Comparing Trends and Relationship Between Candidate Differentials and Congressional Election Outcomes, 1900–2022

The increase in elite-level polarization and the changing partisan nature of elections to the U.S. House led scholars to posit that candidate characteristics are minor considerations in determining these election outcomes. However, it is not clear if these trends extend to the U.S. Senate or if candidate considerations have lost the relatively minor predictive power they exhibited during the 2010s, particularly as partisanship continued to rise as a predictor of election outcomes. Using historical data on elections to the U.S. House and Senate from 1900 to the recent 2022 midterm elections, we test whether the incumbency advantage and candidate quality differentials are still salient predictors of congressional elections. We find that the incumbency advantage largely disappeared as a salient component of election outcomes for both chambers as partisanship increasingly shapes these outcomes. By contrast, we find that candidate quality differentials, while waning, still can play a considerable role in shaping congressional election outcomes, particularly in the Senate. We conclude by showing that the declining emergence of quality candidates may have played a pivotal role during the 2022 election cycle by costing Republicans control of the U.S. Senate.

Hospital Quality Indicators for Opioid-Exposed Infants: Results From an Expert Consensus Panel.

To elicit expert consensus on quality indicators for the hospital-based care of opioid-exposed infants. We used the ExpertLens online platform to conduct a 3-round modified Delphi panel. Expert panelists included health care providers, parents in recovery, quality experts, and public health experts. We identified 49 candidate quality indicators from a literature review and environmental scan. A total of 32 experts rated the importance and feasibility of the indicators using a 9-point Likert scale (Round 1), reviewed and discussed the initial ratings (round 2), and revised their original ratings (Round 3). Numeric scores corresponded with descriptive ratings of "low" (1-3), "uncertain" (4-6), or "high" (7-9). We measured consensus using the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method. Candidate quality indicators assessed structures, processes, and outcomes in multiple domains of clinical care. After the final round, 36 indicators were rated "high" on importance and feasibility. Experts had strong consensus on the importance of quality indicators to assess universal screening of pregnant people for substance use disorder, hospital staff training, standardized assessment for neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome, nonpharmacologic interventions, and transitions of care. For indicators focused on processes and outcomes, experts saw feasibility as dependent on the information routinely documented in electronic medical records or billing records. To present a more complete picture of hospital quality, experts suggested development of composite measures that summarize quality across multiple indicators. A panel of experts reached consensus on a range of quality indicators for hospital-based care of opioid-exposed infants, with potential for use in national benchmarking, intervention studies, or hospital performance measurement.

A Study on Role of Social Media in Modern Recruitment – A Review on Benchmark one

Organizations ability to attract and retain top talent is directly impacted by their recruitment efforts, making it a crucial function. The evolution of recruitment practices is examined in this dissertation, with particular attention paid to the incorporation of digital technologies and the move toward data-driven decision-making. Modern approaches that make use of social media, job portals, and sophisticated applicant tracking systems are either supplementing or replacing traditional methods in increasing numbers. The study looks at how effective these contemporary methods are, evaluating how they affect candidate quality, candidate efficiency, and overall organizational performance. Important issues like preserving data privacy, guaranteeing diversity and inclusivity, and handling the large number of applications are also covered. This research offers recommendations for improving the hiring process in a competitive job market, highlights best practices, and offers insights into current trends and future directions in recruitment through a thorough literature review and empirical analysis.

The role of gender in shaping mayoral grant-seeking behaviours

ABSTRACT Research suggests that women face anticipated stereotypes and voter penalisations in their pursuit of political office. To overcome these challenges women have to be better than men in terms of their experience, candidate quality, and political work. We test the hypothesis that women politicians exert more effort compared to men by analysing grant applications submitted by towns in Slovakia between 2016 and 2021. We investigate municipalities in a Slovak region where local governments apply for subsidies in two policy areas, one stereotypically feminine and one masculine. We test whether women apply more often for grants in the realm of the feminine policy compared to masculine policy. We find that municipalities led by women mayors are more active than those led by men mayors in the number of grant applications regardless of the area of policy. Our analysis confirms that once in political office, women show higher effort compared to men.

Evidence-based interventions for identifying candidate quality indicators to assess quality of care in diabetic foot clinics: a scoping review.

Foot ulcers in people with diabetes are a serious complication requiring a complex management and have a high societal impact. Quality monitoring systems to optimize diabetic foot care exist, but a formal and more evidence-based approach to develop quality indicators (QIs) is lacking. We aimed to identify a set of candidate indicators for diabetic foot care by adopting an evidence-based methodology. A systematic search was conducted across four academic databases: PubMed, Embase CINAHL and Cochrane Library. Studies that reported evidence-based interventions related to organization or delivery of diabetic foot care were searched. Data from the eligible studies were summarized and used to formulate process and structure indicators. The evidence for each candidate QI was described in a methodical and transparent manner. The review process was reported according to the "Preferred Reported Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis" (PRISMA) statements and its extension for scoping reviews. In total, 981 full-text articles were screened, and 322 clinical studies were used to formulate 42 candidate QIs. An evidence-based approach could be used to select candidate indicators for diabetic foot ulcer care, relating to the following domains: wound healing interventions, peripheral artery disease, offloading, secondary prevention, and interventions related to organization of care. In a further step, the feasibility of the identified set of indicators will be assessed by a multidisciplinary panel of diabetic foot care stakeholders.

Some head starts are bigger than others: dynastic legacies and variation in candidate quality in Taiwan's local elections

Abstract Candidates from established political families are more likely to win than their non-dynastic counterparts because their political inheritance often includes significant advantages in resources and reputation. Yet dynastic candidates also bring their own set of experiences and qualities to the game. Is it the case that their individual characteristics can explain their electoral success, or is their success due to their family legacy? Theoretically, how and when are political resources transferred to the new generation? We examine these questions by looking at non-incumbent candidates in city and county council elections in Taiwan from 2009 to 2014, drawing on unique data on politicians' backgrounds. The profile of dynastic candidates differs from that of non-dynastic candidates: they are younger, have less electoral experience and list experience in different sorts of organizations and jobs. However, these differences are not what drives their electoral success; indeed, they tend to win despite these qualities rather than because of them. Even after controlling for candidate quality, dynastic status remains a powerful predictor, conveying roughly a 20 percentage point increase in the probability of winning. This suggests that while dynastic candidates accrue some of their advantage long before they run for office, a large part of the inheritance is transferred during the campaign.

Development of quality indicators for pregnancy and childbirth in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

A quality indicator (QI) for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) during pregnancy and childbirth that is useful for sharing standard treatment policies has not yet been developed. This study aimed to develop a QI for SLE associated with pregnancy and childbirth. To identify candidate QIs, we conducted a systematic literature review on the development of QIs for SLE related to pregnancy and childbirth and on clinical practice guidelines. Candidate QI items were extracted from the final selected articles, and a first evaluation, panel meeting, and second evaluation were conducted to determine whether the candidate items were appropriate as QIs. Items for which all panel members reached a consensus were designated pregnancy and childbirth-related SLE QIs. Four articles on SLE QI development and 28 practice guidelines were listed through abstract/text screening. Based on these studies, 52 candidate QIs were extracted that were limited to items related to pregnancy and childbirth and 41 items were selected on which all panel members agreed. We developed pregnancy-related SLE QIs using the RAND/UCLA method and selected 41 items, which could be used clinically.

Abstract 7133: Phenomics-enabled discovery and optimization of small-molecule RBM39 degraders as an alternative to CDK12 targeting in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC)

Abstract Phenomics-enabled drug discovery is a powerful approach to identify novel targets and relationships previously unappreciated in biology. We built a phenomics platform leveraging high content microscopy and generated unique phenoprints for >7,000 genes using CRISPR/Cas9 technology and a diverse chemical library of >1 million compounds. This phenomics dataset contains an unprecedented quantity of gene-gene, gene-compound, and compound-compound relationships. We applied our phenomics platform and an inference based target-agnostic drug discovery approach to discover novel genes and small molecules that mimic CDK12 inhibition, an important transcriptional regulator of DNA damage response, while avoiding inhibition of the paralog CDK13. We discovered a novel and unappreciated association between CDK12 and RBM39 as well as small molecule degraders of RBM39. We established structure activity relationships (SAR) solely leveraging our phenomics platform, to generate REC-1170204, an RBM39 degrader. Unlike inhibitors of CDK12, we show that REC-1170204 does not directly inhibit CDK12, CDK13 or other kinases. However, REC-1170204 demonstrates candidate quality properties with improved potency, selectivity, and drug-like characteristics. Finally we show that REC-1170204 shows efficacy in High Grade Serous Ovarian cancer (HGSOC) pre-clinical models and synergizes with PARP inhibition in a PARP-resistant patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model. Together, our data suggests that targeting RBM39 may provide an attractive and safer approach to targeting CDK12 in the clinic. Citation Format: Chase Neumann, Harish Shankaran, Kiran Nadella, Kelly Biette, Shane Rowley, Ethan Gardner, Shadi Swaidani, Vamshi Manda, Lu Chen, Daria Beshnova, Ashraf Saeed, Christopher Bailey, Janet Paulsen, Paul Rearden, Carl Brooks, Ashish Bhandari, Chris Gibson, Laura Schaevitz, Imran Haque, Hayley Donnella, Michael Cuccarese, Marie Evangelista. Phenomics-enabled discovery and optimization of small-molecule RBM39 degraders as an alternative to CDK12 targeting in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 7133.

Making Policies Matter: Voter Responses to Campaign Promises

Abstract Can voters in clientelist countries be swayed by programmatic promises? Results from a structural model and a field experiment disseminating candidate policy platforms in Philippine mayoral elections indicate that they can. Voters who received information about candidate policy promises were more likely to vote for candidates who were closer to their own preferences. Voters who were informed about incumbent candidates’ past commitments were more likely to vote for incumbents who fulfilled them. The structural model uncovers mechanisms. Information about campaign promises increases policies’ salience relative to other voter concerns; it also affects voter beliefs about candidate quality and candidates’ platforms.

A study on predictive analytics in talent acquisition in Indian companies: An Indian context perspective

In the contemporary Indian business landscape, talent acquisition stands as a pivotal challenge for organizations striving to maintain competitiveness and drive innovation. With the proliferation of data and advancements in analytics technology, predictive analytics has emerged as a promising tool to revolutionize talent acquisition practices. This conceptual paper endeavors to explore the application of predictive analytics specifically within the unique context of Indian companies' talent acquisition endeavors. Beginning with an exploration of the theoretical foundations of predictive analytics in talent acquisition, this paper delves into the intricacies of its implementation in the Indian business ecosystem. By synthesizing existing literature and empirical evidence, it elucidates the potential benefits and challenges associated with predictive analytics adoption in the Indian context. In particular, the study investigates the socio-economic and cultural nuances that shape talent acquisition strategies in India, including the significance of factors such as regional diversity, educational disparities, and socio-economic backgrounds. It examines how these contextual factors influence the design, implementation, and outcomes of predictive analytics initiatives in talent acquisition. Furthermore, the paper provides insights into the current landscape of predictive analytics utilization in Indian companies' talent acquisition processes. It discusses notable trends, case studies, and success stories, shedding light on the transformative impact of predictive analytics on recruitment efficiency, candidate quality, and workforce diversity. Moreover, the study addresses the ethical and legal considerations inherent in the deployment of predictive analytics in talent acquisition within the Indian regulatory framework. It emphasizes the importance of ethical data practices, transparency, and accountability to mitigate risks related to privacy infringement and algorithmic bias. Additionally, the paper identifies key challenges hindering the widespread adoption of predictive analytics in Indian talent acquisition, such as data quality issues, talent scarcity in analytics expertise, and organizational resistance to change. It offers strategic recommendations for overcoming these barriers, including investment in data infrastructure, capacity-building initiatives, and stakeholder engagement. In conclusion, this study contributes to the advancement of knowledge in both academic and practical domains by offering a comprehensive understanding of predictive analytics in talent acquisition within the Indian context. By addressing the unique challenges and opportunities specific to the Indian business environment, this paper aims to inform strategic decision-making and drive organizational success in talent acquisition endeavors.

A systematical strategy for quality markers screening of different methods processing Platycodonis radix based on phytochemical analysis and the impact on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Ethnopharmacological relevanceBaihezhijiegeng is a processed product of Platycodonis radix, and it's effective in the treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). However, the specific mechanism of action has not been reported in the literature. Aim of the studyWe attempted to evaluate the phytochemical composition and pharmaco-dynamics of Platycodon grandiflorum (PG) and BJ to clarify the mechanism behind the expectorant effect of BJ. Materials and methodsWe integrated the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-linear trap quadrupole orbitrap velos mass spectrometry (UPLC-LTQ Orbitrap MS/MS) and the ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) methods to identify the chemical constituents of PG and BJ. Moreover, correlation and multivariate statistical analyses were utilized to seek the candidate quality markers of PG and BJ. Analysis of effective herbal chemical components using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and retrieval of COPD disease targets from OMIM, TTD, GeneCard databases. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) and topology analyses were performed using the String database and Cytoscape 3.7.2 software; gene ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed using the Metescape platform on common targets. Moreover, we used molecular docking to predict the potential mechanism of quality markers for developing anti-COPD activity. Simultaneously, the model of COPD was established by exposing the animals to cigarette smoke combined with a tracheal drip injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Using the ELISA method, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting (WB) to determine tumor-necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)9 levels in serum and IL-4, IL-10, IFN-γ levels, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and MUC5AC expression in lung tissue of COPD rats to explore the therapeutic effects of PG and BJ on the COPD rat model. ResultsThe chemical identification of JG and PG extracts using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and UPLC-LTQ Orbitrap MS/MS showed 71 compounds, including 47 saponins, 16 phenolic acids, four flavonoids, and four other components. The multivariate statistical analysis showed that seven quality markers were screened. Network pharmacology results showed a role in biological processes such as cellular response to hydrogen peroxide, positive regulation of pri-miRNA transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter, molecular functions such as oxidoreductase activity, acting on NAD(P)H, quinone or similar compound as acceptor, bile acid binding and other molecular functions. In COPD rats, histopathological findings depicted that BJ administration could effectively inhibit inflammatory cell infiltration and mucus hypersecretion, and improve the lung pathological status in rats with COPD. Moreover, BJ could significantly decrease TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)9 levels in the serum and interferon (IFN)-γ levels in lung tissues of rats with COPD (p < 0.01), and significantly increase IL-4 and IL-10 levels in their lung tissues (p < 0.01), suggesting its inhibition of the inflammatory response in vivo. Additionally, EGFR and MUC5AC were reduced in the lung tissues of rats with COPD and airway mucus hypersecretion in rats with COPD. ConclusionThis study revealed the material basis of PG and BJ for anti-COPD activity and discovered the quality markers of PG and BJ which could affect the anti-COPD activity. The therapeutic effects of BJ may be attributed to the regulation of the inflammatory mediators and mediation of the EGFR/MUC5AC pathway in rats with COPD.

Chiefs’ Endorsements and Voter Behavior

Traditional leaders can influence electoral outcomes. We designed an experiment to investigate why public endorsements by chiefs affect voters—and which types of voters they influence. Chiefs have incentives to prefer politicians who will promote local development, and can use endorsements to sway elections accordingly. We argue that voters often interpret chiefs’ endorsements as a signal of candidate quality. To assess this argument, we exposed voters to real endorsements made by chiefs during Ghana’s 2020 presidential election. We show that endorsements impact the vote choice of undecided voters. Consistent with a signaling mechanism, respondents exposed to chiefs’ rationale for endorsing a candidate were no more likely to vote for the endorsed candidate than those who only heard chiefs’ approval of a candidate. Further, treated respondents hold higher evaluations of the endorsed candidate on multiple dimensions of candidate quality. Our results suggest that chiefs influence voters through a non-coercive mechanism, which has positive implications for accountability.

New insight into inheritance pattern of seed coat colour in adzuki bean

AbstractSeed coat colour in adzuki bean is an important quality trait and closely associated with anthocyanin metabolism pathways. To further understand the inheritance of seed coat colour pattern, the inheritance between multiple seed coat colours and ivory seed were analysed using F1:2, F2:3 and F3:4 populations derived from five bi-parental crosses. The differences between ivory and red mottle on ivory are controlled by a single recessive R locus and RI locus, respectively. Green, light brown and golden are all dominant to red and governed by two loci. The B (brown) locus shows dominant epistasis over T locus. The R (red) locus was recessive epistasis to B (black), T (light brown), G (golden), GR (green) and RI (red mottle on ivory) loci. The new insight into the strong recessive epistasis of the R locus will be important for gene mapping and cloning, candidate gene functional validation and quality improvement in adzuki bean.

The Extent of Applying the Council for the Accreditation of Educator Preparation "CAEP" Standards in Teacher Education Programs in the Faculty of Education, University of Khartoum

This study aimed at identifying the extent of applying the "CAEP" Standards in the teacher preparation programs in the Faculty of Education, University of Khartoum. To achieve the aim of the study, a descriptive method was used, and it relied on a questionnaire that was applied to a sample of (97) faculty members, which consisted of (66) items divided into (5) standards: content and pedagogical knowledge; clinical partnerships and practice; candidate quality (recruitment and selectivity); program impact; and provider quality assurance and continuous improvement. The results showed a moderate level of applying the "CAEP" standards in teacher preparation programs in the Faculty of Education, University of Khartoum. There were no differences in the level of application the "CAEP" standards attributed to gender.

The effect of primaries on voters’ evaluation of candidates’ quality–experimental evidence

In this article, I argue that voters not only rely on characteristics of candidates, such as age and gender, but also on procedural cues to evaluate candidates, particularly on how candidates were selected. I argue that selection via primaries, which has become popular in Western Europe, is an important cue to voters. Drawing on procedural fairness theory, I develop contradicting arguments about how primaries affect voters’ evaluations of candidate quality, such that either the logic of procedural fairness improves voters’ evaluations of candidates’ quality, or the violation thereof through clientelism and vote-buying leads to worse evaluations of candidates. I employ a conjoint experiment, implemented in Spain, and analyze responses to an open-ended question to investigate underlying mechanisms. The findings indicate that voters perceive candidates resulting out of primaries as outsiders, who are less corrupt but also less experienced and less competent.

The past is prologue part II: a study of PDS comparison dissertations

PurposeThe study aims to present a logic map linking the Professional Development School (PDS) Nine Essentials as a PDS theory of action and offer an analysis of dissertations that compare outcomes of learning in PDS and non-PDS contexts.Design/methodology/approachFor this current study, the authors identified 25 of the 210 dissertations from a larger study that used a comparison methodology to provide a window into how learning in PDS and non-PDS settings may differ. In reviewing these comparison studies, the authors identified a set of clustered themes, as well as a variety of comparison constructs and measurements researchers used to determine the impact of PDS.FindingsFive themes emerged including (1) the experience of learning to teach in a PDS setting vs. a non-PDS; (2) the experience of teaching in a PDS vs. non-PDS; (3) teacher candidate quality in a PDS vs. non-PDS; (4) teacher quality in a PDS vs. non-PDS; (5) school leader quality in a PDS vs. non-PDS; and (6) K-12 student learning in PDS vs. non-PDS.Research limitations/implicationsLimitations of this study include the complications related to comparison, logic-related fallacies and the complexity of capturing simultaneous renewal.Originality/valueIn the 30th year of PDS work, the study utilizes a theory of action comprised of linking the PDS Nine Essentials to situate the comparison dissertation analysis of outcomes in PDS and non-PDS contexts suggesting challenges and possibilities and perhaps a direction for new research questions.

Do voters prefer educated candidates? How candidate education influences vote choice in congressional elections

Previous research shows that democracies are more likely to produce educated politicians, but is this because voters prefer educated representatives or because of other features of the democratic process? Education may serve as a signal of candidate quality to voters or it may simply be associated with other factors, such as access to campaign funds, that help candidates win elections. We address this puzzle by analyzing head-to-head matches between candidates in US House elections from 2002 to 2012 along with a conjoint experiment. We find evidence that candidates with higher levels of education win more votes than candidates with lower levels of education, even after we account for standard indicators of candidate quality and campaign spending. This education premium not only garners more votes, but it also translates into higher probabilities of winning. The experimental results and sensitivity analyses show that it is unlikely that these results are explained by a hidden confound. The experiment also illuminates that the education premium flows from perceptions of candidate qualification and ability to pursue respondent interests.