Cancer Anatomical Site Research Articles

(305) MEN WITH PEYRONIE’S DISEASE ARE DIAGNOSED WITH CANCER AT AN EARLIER AGE: GENETICS OR A FOOT IN THE DOOR?

Abstract Introduction Men with Peyronie’s Disease (PD) are theorized to have an increased cancer risk. PD is characterized by infiltrative growth, proliferation, and decreased apoptosis- pathways shared by malignant neoplastic growth. Thus, one can hypothesize a genetic predisposition toward cancer as heralded by PD pathogenesis. Objective To investigate this hypothesis, we identified patients with and without PD over a 28-year period and quantified demographics and cancer incidences. Methods We performed a retrospective review of patients cared for by a single urologic provider in Houston, Texas, from 1995 to 2023 and identified those patients with and without PD. These data were sent to the Texas Cancer Registry who identified those patients with a diagnosis of cancer. They returned data including age at diagnosis, cancer anatomic site, and histologic subtype. Data were then studied in detail, and appropriate statistical analyses performed with GraphPad Prism Software. Results From 1995-2023 we identified 148 patients with PD and a diagnosis of cancer and 707 patients without PD (controls) and a diagnosis of cancer. Overall, patients with PD were diagnosed at an earlier age across all cancers v. controls (median 59 y v 64 y, p = 0.0008, student’s t-test). The relative frequencies of cancer subtypes were then compared between the PD and control group and log transformed. Overall, we found higher relative frequencies (2-fold difference) of nervous system, ill-defined, intrahepatic bile duct, nasal cavity, oropharynx, and thyroid cancers and lower relative frequencies of kidney, large intestine, and renal pelvis/ureter cancers in the PD group. Regarding histologic subtypes in this cohort, we found higher relative frequencies of bile duct adenocarcinoma, follicular lymphoma, intraductal papillary-mucinous carcinoma, Kaposi sarcoma, and melanoma, and lower relative frequencies of carcinoid, clear cell adenocarcinoma, multiple myeloma, and unspecified neoplasms. Conclusions Patients with PD are diagnosed with cancer at an earlier age. Our data aligns with previous work demonstrating higher rates of upper aerodigestive tract and melanoma cancers and lower rates of large intestine and kidney cancers in men with PD. We provide a more detailed and stratified look among histologic cancer subtypes within men with PD. While our data support the genetic similarity hypothesis in which PD and malignant neoplasm share pathologic pathways, it also raises the question of whether PD simply brings patients to the doctor’s office sooner, resulting in increased cancer detection and diagnosis. Disclosure No.

Colorectal Cancer Anatomical Site and Sleep Quality.

Simple SummaryAround 70% of colorectal cancer patients report having sleeping issues, and identifying whether anatomic site plays a significant factor in sleep quality is important. The aim of our population-based study was to assess differences in sleep between rectal and colon cancer patients. We identified that rectal cancer patients were more likely to have sleep complications, such as changes in sleep patterns after diagnosis, getting up to use the bathroom, and pain, compared to colon cancer patients. Identifying whether anatomic colorectal cancer site affects sleep quality and sleep-related issues suggests that sleep-focused survivorship care may be suggested for rectal cancer patients to ensure patients receive appropriate support.Purpose: Sleep quality in relation to anatomic site among colorectal cancer (CRC) patients is not well understood, though discerning the relationship could contribute to improved survivorship care. Methods: We ascertained sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) and other personal characteristics within an ongoing population-based study of CRC patients identified through a cancer registry (N = 1453). Differences in sleep quality by CRC site were analyzed using chi-square and ANOVA tests. We used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association of tumor site with sleep quality concerns, adjusting for patient attributes and time since diagnosis. Results: Sleeping problems were reported by 70% of CRC patients. Overall, participants with rectal (vs. colon) cancer were more likely (OR (95% CI)) to report general trouble sleeping (1.58 (1.19, 2.10)). Rectal cancer patients were also more likely than colon cancer patients to report changes in sleep patterns after cancer diagnosis (1.38 (1.05, 1.80)), and trouble sleeping specifically due to getting up to use the bathroom (1.53 (1.20, 1.96)) or pain (1.58 (1.15, 2.17)), but were less likely to report trouble sleeping specifically due to issues with breathing/coughing/snoring (0.51 (0.27, 0.99)). Conclusion: Overall, rectal cancer patients were more likely to have sleep complications compared to colon cancer patients. This suggests sleep-focused survivorship care may be adapted according to CRC site to ensure patients receive appropriate support.

Meta-analysis of 16 studies of the association of alcohol with colorectal cancer.

Alcohol consumption is an established risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, while studies have consistently reported elevated risk of CRC among heavy drinkers, associations at moderate levels of alcohol consumption are less clear. We conducted a combined analysis of 16 studies of CRC to examine the shape of the alcohol-CRC association, investigate potential effect modifiers of the association, and examine differential effects of alcohol consumption by cancer anatomic site and stage. We collected information on alcohol consumption for 14,276 CRC cases and 15,802 controls from 5 case-control and 11 nested case-control studies of CRC. We compared adjusted logistic regression models with linear and restricted cubic splines to select a model that best fit the association between alcohol consumption and CRC. Study-specific results were pooled using fixed-effects meta-analysis. Compared to non-/occasional drinking (≤1 g/day), light/moderate drinking (up to 2 drinks/day) was associated with a decreased risk of CRC (odds ratio [OR]: 0.92, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.88-0.98, p = 0.005), heavy drinking (2-3 drinks/day) was not significantly associated with CRC risk (OR: 1.11, 95% CI: 0.99-1.24, p = 0.08) and very heavy drinking (more than 3 drinks/day) was associated with a significant increased risk (OR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.11-1.40, p < 0.001). We observed no evidence of interactions with lifestyle risk factors or of differences by cancer site or stage. These results provide further evidence that there is a J-shaped association between alcohol consumption and CRC risk. This overall pattern was not significantly modified by other CRC risk factors and there was no effect heterogeneity by tumor site or stage.

Analysis of Relevant Factors in Patients with Oral and Pharyngeal Cancers

This study presented an epidemiological data of 177 medical records of patients affected by oral and pharyngeal cancers with prosthesis indication. The gender, age, sun exposure, disease diagnosis, cancer anatomic site, radiation treatment and type of prosthesis, death from oral and pharyngeal cancers were collected. Data were analyzed by summary measures and logistic regression analysis. The mean age of the patients was 62.7 years, and 46.8% died between 52 and 62 years old. Most of the patients were male (74%), and 42% died among them. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most prevalent cancer (75.1%) and 42.1% of these patients died. The age, gender, diagnosis and the interaction of these factors exhibited strong association with the patients' death (P<.05, Chi-square test). The multivariate odds ratios (OR) of the death were 0.40 for women and 0.39 for other pathologies versus male and squamous cell carcinoma, respectively. It was concluded that age, gender and diagnosis of cancer had significant effect on patients' death. Although several single and associated factors can influence the mortality rate of patients with oral and pharyngeal cancers, no study investigating the risky factors in patients with maxillofacial prosthesis has been performed. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify if some factors such as gender, age, sun exposition, disease diagnosis, radiotherapy treatment and cancer anatomical site may be related to the death in patients with oral and pharyngeal cancers and maxillofacial prosthesis indication. It was hypothesized that those factors influence patient's death.

Impact of socioeconomic status on cancer incidence and stage at diagnosis: selected findings from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results: National Longitudinal Mortality Study.

BackgroundPopulation-based cancer registry data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) are mainly based on medical records and administrative information. Individual-level socioeconomic data are not routinely reported by cancer registries in the United States because they are not available in patient hospital records. The U.S. representative National Longitudinal Mortality Study (NLMS) data provide self-reported, detailed demographic and socioeconomic data from the Social and Economic Supplement to the Census Bureau's Current Population Survey (CPS). In 1999, the NCI initiated the SEER-NLMS study, linking the population-based SEER cancer registry data to NLMS data. The SEER-NLMS data provide a new unique research resource that is valuable for health disparity research on cancer burden. We describe the design, methods, and limitations of this data set. We also present findings on cancer-related health disparities according to individual-level socioeconomic status (SES) and demographic characteristics for all cancers combined and for cancers of the lung, breast, prostate, cervix, and melanoma.MethodsRecords of cancer patients diagnosed in 1973–2001 when residing 1 of 11 SEER registries were linked with 26 NLMS cohorts. The total number of SEER matched cancer patients that were also members of an NLMS cohort was 26,844. Of these 26,844 matched patients, 11,464 were included in the incidence analyses and 15,357 in the late-stage diagnosis analyses. Matched patients (used in the incidence analyses) and unmatched patients were compared by age group, sex, race, ethnicity, residence area, year of diagnosis, and cancer anatomic site. Cohort-based age-adjusted cancer incidence rates were computed. The impact of socioeconomic status on cancer incidence and stage of diagnosis was evaluated.ResultsMen and women with less than a high school education had elevated lung cancer rate ratios of 3.01 and 2.02, respectively, relative to their college educated counterparts. Those with family annual incomes less than $12,500 had incidence rates that were more than 1.7 times the lung cancer incidence rate of those with incomes $50,000 or higher. Lower income was also associated with a statistically significantly increased risk of distant-stage breast cancer among women and distant-stage prostate cancer among men.ConclusionsSocioeconomic patterns in incidence varied for specific cancers, while such patterns for stage were generally consistent across cancers, with late-stage diagnoses being associated with lower SES. These findings illustrate the potential for analyzing disparities in cancer outcomes according to a variety of individual-level socioeconomic, demographic, and health care characteristics, as well as by area measures available in the linked database.