Canal Point Research Articles

Genotype-by-environment interaction analysis across three crop cycles in sugarcane

ABSTRACT Genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI) is encountered in multi-environment trials. In sugarcane (Saccharum spp.), GEI affects crop growth and cane yield and complicates the selection of superior genotypes. The objective of this study was to assess and analyze GEI for cane yield and stalk weight to identify high-yielding, stable genotypes. Thirteen Canal Point (CP) sugarcane clones and three check varieties were evaluated at five different locations (environments) across three crop cycles (plant cane, first ratoon, and second ratoon) on the Florida organic (muck) soils. At each location, the experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design with six replications. Mean stalk weight and cane yield data were collected and analyzed via the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) and genotype main effect (G) plus genotype × environment interaction (GEI), i.e. GGE biplot. The AMMI analysis for mean stalk weight and cane yield revealed that variation attributable to genotypes, environments, and GEI for these traits was significant. The GGE biplot analysis indicated that the five locations formed two mega-environments, with different winning genotypes. Two locations, Okeelanta and Duda, were non-representative of the Florida muck-soils. Among all the genotypes, CP 12–1417 had the highest mean cane yield and had the most stable performance across crop cycles. We concluded that the application of GGE biplot in our final-stage sugarcane testing program could help us identify clones best adapted to specific locations and enhance selection efficiency by helping us identify locations that provide similar information.

Registration of ‘CP 09‐1385’ sugarcane

Abstract‘CP 09‐1385’ (Reg. no. CV‐194; PI 691535) sugarcane, a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp., was developed through cooperative research conducted by the USDA–ARS, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugar Cane League. It was selected from a biparental cross made at the USDA–ARS Sugarcane Field Station in Canal Point, FL, in December 2006 using the cultivars ‘CP 01‐2459’ as the female parent and ‘CP 00‐2188’ as the male parent. CP 09‐1385 was superior to the check cultivars ‘CL 88‐4730’, ‘CP 89‐2143’, and ‘CP 78‐1628’ on sand soils on the basis of cane and sucrose yields, and economic index (i.e., overall profitability). On muck soils, CP 09‐1385 showed superior cane and sucrose yields, and economic index compared with checks CP 78‐1628, CP 89‐2143, and ‘CP 00‐1101’. CP 09‐1385 is resistant to brown rust and showed resistance to Sugarcane mosaic virus under artificial inoculation. It is moderately resistant to orange rust, smut, and Sugarcane yellow leaf virus. This new cultivar is moderately susceptible to leaf scald on muck soils but moderately resistant on sand soils. CP 09‐1385 is moderately susceptible to ratoon stunting disease. These susceptibility levels are within an acceptable range for commercial production. Last, CP 09‐1385 demonstrates moderate to low tolerance to freezing conditions. This cultivar was released in June 2016 to be commercially cultivated in Florida on muck and sand lands.

Registration of ‘CP 11‐2248’ sugarcane for Florida organic soils

Abstract‘CP 11‐2248’ (Reg. no. CV‐193, PI 692134) sugarcane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp.) was developed by the USDA–ARS, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugar Cane League, Inc., and released to Florida growers for organic (muck) soils in June 2018. CP 11‐2248 was developed from a polycross made at Canal Point, FL, on 16 Dec. 2009, with a breeding line CP 06‐2664 as the female parent. The male parent was unknown and could be any one of the clones used in the polycross. CP 11‐2248 was released for commercial use as an improved sugarcane cultivar because of its acceptable levels of resistance or tolerance to brown rust, orange rust, smut, leaf scald, and mosaic. CP 11‐2248 was moderately susceptible to ratoon stunting disease and Sugarcane yellow leaf virus in Florida. Based on the results of 19 harvests of three crops (plant cane, first ratoon, and second ratoon) in the final‐stage (i.e., Stage 4) replicated yield trials carried out at seven locations with muck soils in Florida, CP 11‐2248 had equivalent or slightly higher sucrose yield than check cultivars CP 96‐1252 and CP 00‐1101. CP 11‐2248 may be poor in response to freezing temperatures based on the field tests in north Florida for temporal sucrose deterioration.

Registration of ‘CP 10‐1619’ Sugarcane for Use on Sand Soils

‘CP 10‐1619’ (Reg. no. CV‐191, PI 687220) sugarcane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp.) was developed and released (5 June 2017) through cooperative research conducted by the USDA‐ARS Sugarcane Field Station at Canal Point, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugarcane League, Inc., for use on mineral (sand) soils. The cultivar was derived from polycross no. X08‐1197A (CP 97‐1777 × Poly 08‐19) and has high cane and sucrose yields, particularly in the plant cane, resulting in a high economic index on sand soils. Results of replicated trials on sand soils (2015–2017; three locations) were averaged over nine harvests from the three crops (i.e., plant cane, first ratoon, and second ratoon). Yield comparisons with check cultivars (‘CL 88‐4730’ and ‘CP 96‐1252’) indicated CP 10‐1619 had significantly higher means than CL 88‐4730 (P ≤ 0.10) for cane yield (131.6 Mg ha−1), sugar yield (16.5 Mg ha−1), and economic index (3037 $ ha−1). CP 10‐1619 had significantly (P ≤ 0.10) higher means than both check cultivars for stalk weight (0.9 kg stalk−1) and stalk count (134,350 stalks ha−1). CP 10‐1619 has demonstrated moderate resistance to both brown and orange rusts, as well as smut. CP 10‐1619 is resistant to mosaic and leaf scald on sand soils and is moderately susceptible to ratoon stunting disease. CP 10‐1619 is moderately resistant to freezing temperatures.

Identifying markers for resistance to sugarcane orange rust (Puccinia kuehnii) via selective genotyping and capture sequencing

Sugarcane orange rust, caused by the fungus Puccinia kuehnii, is a serious disease of sugarcane. The most effective strategy to combat the disease is to develop resistant cultivars. Phenotypic screening for resistance is laborious, and breeders would benefit from molecular markers linked to the trait. The objective of this research was to identify, via association mapping, markers linked to resistance to orange rust. From the germplasm collection at Canal Point, Florida, 724 genotypes were screened for orange rust resistance via artificial inoculation of field-grown plants. A total of 38 susceptible and 37 resistant genotypes that were at or near the extremes of the population distribution were chosen for genotyping. Genotyping was accomplished via capture sequencing using 32,555 sugarcane probes anchored to the sorghum genome. Several methods were used to account for population structure and/or kinship. The most appropriate methods (determined by the genomic inflation factor) were mixed models and EIGENSTRAT. A total of 38 unique SNPs identified by these methods were then validated on 560 members of the population, using high resolution melting of PCR amplicons. Ten of these markers were statistically significant for the quantitative measure of rust severity, of which nine were also significant for the qualitative measure of ‘status’ (resistant/susceptible). The maximum amount of variation explained by any single marker was approximately 11%. This research has provided markers which can be deployed to help select superior parents for orange rust resistance, and also provided valuable insight for future research towards genetic control of orange rust in sugarcane.

Registration of ‘CP 08‐1968’ Sugarcane

‘CP 08‐1968’ (Reg. No. CV‐185; PI 687332) sugarcane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp.) cultivar was developed through cooperative research conducted by the USDA‐ARS, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugarcane League, Inc. At the 5 June 2017 Florida Sugarcane Variety Committee Meeting, CP 08‐1968 was released to growers for all soils in Texas; seedcane became available in September 2018. At the 30 Oct. 2017 Florida Sugarcane Variety Committee Meeting, CP 08‐1968 was approved as a co‐release to growers with sand soils in Florida and all soils in Texas. CP 08‐1968 was selected from a biparental cross of CP 01‐1178 × CP 00‐1301 made at Canal Point, FL, in November 2006. The female parent, CP 01‐1178, and the male parent, CP 00‐1301, are not commercial cultivars. Cane yield of CP 08‐1968 on sand soils in Florida, averaged across nine harvests through three crop cycles (plant‐cane, first‐ratoon, and second‐ratoon), was 15.0 and 10.1% higher (P < 0.1) than that of CL 88‐4730, a commercial check for sand soils, and CP 89‐2143, a high commercial recoverable sucrose (CRS) commercial check for muck and sand soils. Although CP 08‐1968 had 2.8 and 6.0% lower CRS than CL 88‐4730 and CP 89‐2143, respectively (Glaz et al., 2000), high cane yield resulted in 11.3 and 2.1% higher (P < 0.1) sucrose yield than CL 88‐4730 and CP 89‐2143, respectively. CP 08‐1968 was released because of its high cane and sucrose yields on sand soils, as well as its acceptable levels of resistance to brown rust, smut, Sugarcane mosaic virus strain E (mosaic), Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (Comstock et al., 1999), and ratoon stunt. CP 08‐1968 is susceptible to orange rust and has moderate to good freeze tolerance. CP 08‐1968 tested negative for the Bru1 quantitative trait locus, which is an indicator of brown rust resistance.

Role of dynamic sonography in ulnar nerve entrapment at elbow

BackgroundHigh-resolution ultrasound (HRUS) is a rapidly developing technology that is gaining popularity for the evaluation of the ulnar nerve.ObjectiveTo evaluate the role of dynamic HRUS for the detection of different abnormalities of ulnar nerve entrapment at the elbow.Patients and MethodsSixty-two elbows divided into 23 elbows with symptomatic and sonographic findings (symptomatic group), 39 elbows as a control group, which were further subdivided into 24 which were clinically and sonographically free (control group), and 15 subjects as a case nonmanifest group who were clinically free, but has sonographic findings (asymptomatic UNE group), were studied. The ulnar nerve cross-sectional area (CSA) was measured at the Guyon canal, mid-forearm, and maximal swelling (MS) point around the elbow. We assessed also the flattening ratio at the elbow by measuring the widest transverse and anteroposterior diameters during elbow extension and flexion.ResultsThere was a statistically significant difference of the cross-sectional area and flattening ratio of the ulnar nerve at the elbow during extension and flexion between the three groups (symptomatic, case nonmanifest, and healthy control elbows) (P value = 0.05).ConclusionDynamic HRUS is a highly accurate, sensitive diagnostic modality for the ulnar nerve entrapment syndrome at the elbow.

Registration of ‘HoCP 09‐804’ Sugarcane

‘HoCP 09‐804’ (Reg. No. CV‐184, PI 688682) sugarcane (interspecific hybrid of Saccharum spp.) was selected and evaluated by the USDA‐ARS, working cooperatively with the Louisiana State University AgCenter and the American Sugarcane League, Inc. HoCP 09‐804 was selected from a cross between ‘HoCP 02‐625’ and ‘HoCP 01‐523’ made at the USDA‐ARS, Sugarcane Field Station, Canal Point, FL, in 2004 and was released to growers in Louisiana in 2016 because of high cane and sucrose yields. Yields from three crops (plant, first‐, and second‐ratoon) at 12 outfield locations compared well with ‘L 01‐299’, the most widely grown cultivar in Louisiana. The plant‐cane sugar yield (Mg ha−1) of HoCP 09‐804 was significantly greater than L 01‐299. The sucrose content (g kg−1) was second only to ‘HoCP 00‐950’, the standard for high sucrose. HoCP 09‐804 was among the earliest maturing cultivars, ranking second only to HoCP 00‐950, and cold tolerant, similar to ‘HoCP 04‐838’. HoCP 09‐804 is mildly susceptible to smut, leaf scald, and ratoon stunt. HoCP 09‐804 is susceptible to brown rust and mosaic caused by Sorghum mosaic virus. It is moderately susceptible to sugarcane borer. This cultivar's high yield potential, ratooning ability, and cold tolerance make it a useful addition to existing commercial sugarcane cultivars in Louisiana.

Registration of ‘CP 09‐2392’ Sugarcane

‘CP 09‐2392’ (Reg. No. CV‐182; PI 688299) sugarcane, a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp., was developed through cooperative research conducted by the USDA–ARS, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugarcane League, Inc., and was released to growers in June 2016. CP 09‐2392 was selected from a cross made at the USDA–ARS Sugarcane Field Station in Canal Point, FL, in December 2007. The female parent was ‘CP 01‐2390’; the identity of the male parent is difficult to determine as the cross included multiple potential male parents, i.e., a polycross. CP 09‐2392 was superior to the reference cultivar ‘CL 88‐4730’ on sand soils with regard to stalk weight, cane yield, commercial recoverable sucrose (a measure of sucrose content), sucrose yield, and economic index (i.e., overall profitability). CP 09‐2392 is resistant to brown rust, leaf scald, ratoon stunt, Sugarcane mosaic virus strain E (mosaic), smut, and Sugarcane yellow leaf virus and is moderately resistant to orange rust. In addition, CP 09‐2392 has good freeze tolerance. This cultivar is recommended for mineral (sand) soils in Florida.

Registration of ‘CP 10‐1208’ Sugarcane

‘CP 10‐1208’ (Reg. No. CV‐183, PI 688293) sugarcane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp.) was developed through cooperative research conducted by the USDA–ARS, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugar Cane League, Inc., and released to growers for commercial use on mineral (sand) soils in Florida in June 2017. It was selected from a biparental cross made at Canal Point (CP) on 21 Dec. 2007 with the CP sugarcane breeding lines CP 01‐2390 (female parent) and TCP 98‐4454 (male parent). CP 10‐1208 was released by the Florida sugarcane variety committee because of its high cane and sucrose yields and acceptable commercial recoverable sucrose on sand soils, as well as its acceptable levels of resistance to brown rust, leaf scald, Sugarcane mosaic virus strain E (mosaic), and smut. Based on results of nine harvests with three crops (plant cane, first ratoon, and second ratoon) at three locations in final‐stage replicated yield trials on sand soils and compared with two reference cultivars (‘CP 96‐1252’ and ‘CL 88‐4730’), CP 10‐1208 had 27.9 and 32.6% higher cane and sucrose yields than CL 88‐4730 but did not differ from CP 96‐1252 in either cane yield or sucrose yield. Fiber concentration of CP 10‐1208 was 108.7 g kg−1 of cane. CP 10‐1208 ranked 12th (plant cane) to 8th (first ratoon) for freeze tolerance among 23 genotypes tested.

Registration of ‘CP 09‐1430’ Sugarcane

‘CP 09‐1430’ (Reg. No. CV‐178; PI 686940) sugarcane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp.) was developed and released (6 June 2016) through cooperative research conducted by the USDA–ARS Sugarcane Field Station, Canal Point, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugarcane League, Inc., for use on organic muck soils. The clone results from CP cross #06‐0576 (CPCL 00‐6756 × CP 01‐2390) and possesses the following agronomic traits: high cane and sucrose yields, high economic index, and acceptable commercial recoverable sucrose on muck soils. It germinates well, particularly under wet planting conditions. Results of replicated trials on muck soils (2012, five locations; 2013, two locations) included 19 total harvests for the three crop stages. Yield comparisons with check cultivars (‘CP 72‐2086’, ‘CP 78‐1628’, and ‘CP 89‐2143’) indicated CP 09‐1430 had significantly higher means than CP 89‐2143 (P = 0.10) for the following: stalk weight (1.38 kg stalk−1), second ratoon cane yield (129.4 Mg ha−1), mean cane yield of three crops (146.4 Mg ha−1), sugar yield (plant cane [21.9 Mg ha−1], second ratoon [13.1 Mg ha−1], and overall mean for the three crop harvests [17.6 Mg ha−1]); and the economic index (US$3137 ha−1). CP 09‐1430 is susceptible to brown rust, scald, and ratoon stunting disease and is moderately resistant to orange rust, smut, and Sugarcane yellow leaf virus, with full resistance to mosaic. It is moderately resistant to freezing temperatures.

Registration of ‘CP 09‐1952’ Sugarcane

‘CP 09‐1952’ (Reg. No. CV‐179, PI 686942) sugarcane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp.) was developed through cooperative research conducted by the USDA–ARS, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugarcane League, Inc. At the 6 June 2016 Florida Sugarcane Variety Committee Meeting, CP 09‐1952 was released to growers for organic (muck) soils in Florida, and seed cane was made available in September 2016. CP 09‐1952 was selected from a polycross of CP 01‐2390 × Poly 06‐30 made at Canal Point, FL, in January 2007. The female parent, CP 01‐2390, is not a commercial cultivar. The male parent is unknown, as it is one of 15 clones comprising the polycross. Cane yield of CP 09‐1952 on muck soils, averaged across 19 harvests through three crop cycles (plant cane, first ratoon, and second ratoon), was 30.1% higher (P < 0.1) than that of ‘CP 89‐2143’, a high recoverable sugar commercial check for muck soils. The commercial recoverable sucrose for CP 09‐1952 was not significantly higher than the check, but high cane yield resulted in 30.3% higher (P < 0.1) sucrose yield than CP 89‐2143. CP 09‐1952 was released because of its high cane and sucrose yields on muck soils and its acceptable levels of resistance to orange rust, leaf scald, Sugarcane mosaic virus strain E, Sugarcane yellow leaf virus, and ratoon stunt. CP 09‐1952 is moderately susceptible to brown rust, and it has moderate to low freeze tolerance. CP 09‐1952 tested negative for the Bru1 quantitative trait loci, which is an indicator of brown rust resistance.

Temperature and Relative Humidity Effects on Sugarcane Flowering Ability and Pollen Viability Under Natural and Seminatural Conditions

Flowering of sugarcane genotypes is important for the breeding program, but flowering is highly affected by environmental conditions. Field experiments were conducted at Sugarcane Field Station (26.52°N and 80.36°W), Canal Point, Florida, USA, during the 2015–2016 season, to explore the flowering behavior of 12 sugarcane genotypes under natural and seminatural environments concerning the effects of temperature and % relative humidity on the pollen viability to find out the best stable ones in flowering to be used in the breeding program. There were critical 57 days under the natural condition with a night temperature of ≤ 20 °C during the sensitive floral tip and full emergence period. This led to a reduction in pollen viability percentage and % pollen germination percentages. Moreover, the flowering intensity was very much reduced. On another hand, there were no appreciable differences in relative humidity % in the same floral stages. The total flowering plants decreased under natural compared with seminatural conditions. The results showed that the tested genotypes varied significantly in all traits. The interaction of genotypes × treatments interaction had a significant effect on most studied traits. Most of the Houma cane genotypes such as HO11-512, HOCP12-643, and HOCP01-517 showed stable flowering and % pollen viability than CP genotypes and L ones (CPO4-1935, CPO8-2506, L11-187, and L09-112) under both conditions. The study suggests the genotypes are stable in flowering to use them in the breeding program.

Registration of ‘CP 09‐1822’ Sugarcane

‘CP 09‐1822’ (Reg. No. CV‐180; PI 686956) sugarcane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp.) was released in June 2016 for commercial cultivation on sand (mineral) soils in Florida. This cultivar was developed through a collaborative sugarcane cultivar development program of the USDA–ARS, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugarcane League, Inc., based at Canal Point (CP), Florida. The parentage of CP 09‐1822 is CP 01‐2459 × CPCL 02‐8021. CP 09‐1822 had significantly greater mean stalk weight, tonnes of cane per hectare, tonnes of sugar per hectare, and economic index than the reference cultivars, ‘CL 88‐4730’, ‘CP 78‐1628’, and ‘CP 89‐2143’, in nine harvests with three crops (plant cane, first ratoon, second ratoon) at each of the three locations. Mean economic index or profitability of CP 09‐1822 was 21% higher than the second most common cultivar on sand soil, CL 88‐4730, and 36% higher than the other two reference cultivars. CP 09‐1822 is considered resistant to brown rust, orange rust, Sugarcane mosaic virus strain E, and Sugarcane yellow leaf virus, is moderately resistant to leaf scald and ratoon stunting disease, and is moderately susceptible to smut. CP 09‐1822 has the Bru1 gene that provides resistance against brown rust. CP 09‐1822 ranked 9 among 32 tested genotypes for post‐freeze temporal sucrose deterioration and showed moderate to high freeze tolerance.

Fiber composition of a diversity panel of the world collection of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) and related grasses

The world collection of sugarcane (Saccharum hybrids. and related grasses (WCSRG) is an important source of genes for sugarcane and energycane breeding. The core collection or diversity panel of the WCSRG was created in Canal Point with 300 accession and 10 checks to evaluate its diversity. The fiber components of the species and accessions within the WCSRG are unknown, so a shredded and dried fiber sample was taken from each accession and sent for fiber analysis. The acetyl groups, acid insoluble lignin, acid soluble lignin, arabinan, glucan, holocellulose, total lignin, structural ash, and xylan were quantified on a % fiber basis and nonstructural ash on a % total basis. There were significant, but not large differences between species for holocellulose, lignin, acetyl, acid soluble lignin, nonstructural ash, and glucan. For each trait, Saccharum spontaneum had significantly more holocellulose, glucan, lignin, and nonstructural ash and less acetyl and acid soluble lignin than other species. In all populations, glucan and holocellulose were positively correlated and glucan and lignin were negatively correlated. In hybrids, internode length correlated positively with holocellulose and nonstructural ash and negatively with lignin. Principal component analysis indicated that a large amount of diversity exists within each of the species. The results suggest that strategic use of the WCSRG could provide both positive and negative selection for fiber-related traits could be made within all species of the collection.

Registration of ‘CP 07‐2320’ Sugarcane

‘CP 07‐2320’ (Reg. No. CV‐177, PI 681716) sugarcane, a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp., was developed through cooperative research conducted by the USDA‐ARS, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugarcane League and was released to growers in September 2015. CP 07‐2320 was selected from a cross made at the USDA‐ARS Sugarcane Field Station in Canal Point, FL, in December 2005. The female parent was CP 02‐2065, and the male parent was CP 96‐1865. CP 07‐2320 was superior to the reference cultivar ‘CP 89‐2143’ for muck soils with regards to stalk population, stalk weight, cane yield, commercial recoverable sucrose (a measure of sucrose content), sucrose yield, and economic index (i.e., overall profitability). CP 07‐2320 was superior to the reference cultivar ‘CP 78‐1628’ for sand soils with respect to stalk weight, cane yield, commercial recoverable, sucrose yield, and economic index. The cultivar is resistant to brown rust (caused by Puccinia melanocephala H. & P. Sydow), leaf scald (caused by Xanthomonas albilineans Ashby, Dowson), and ratoon stunt (caused by Clavibacter xyli subsp. xyli Davis). CP 07‐2320 is susceptible to Sugarcane mosaic virus strain E (mosaic), based on the results of an artificial inoculation test, and is moderately susceptible to smut [Sporisorium scitamineum (Syd.) Piepenbring et al.], Sugarcane yellow leaf virus, and orange rust (Puccinia kuehnii E.J. Butler) under field conditions. This cultivar is recommended for both organic (muck) and mineral (sand) soils in Florida.

Sugarcane Cultivars Descriptive Fact Sheet: CPCL 97-2730 and CPCL 00-4111

CPCL 97-2730 (Milligan et al. 2009) and CPCL 00-4111 (Glynn et al. 2011) are developed through the cooperative agreement between the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Canal Point, the university of Florida, Everglades Research and Education Center, Belle Glade and Florida Sugar Cane League. Prefix ‘CPCL’ in the name of these cultivars indicate that their crosses were made at the US Sugar Corporation, Clewiston (CL) and selection at different stages was carried through the cooperative breeding and selection program based at Canal Point (CP). Both are emerging sugarcane cultivars in Florida with their rapid expansion in last couple of years. CPCL 97-2730 and CPCL 00-4111 were ranked among the top 10 sugarcane cultivars in Florida in 2015 sugarcane variety census (VanWeelden et al. 2016) based on their total acreage. High biomass yield and better rust resistance than most commercial cultivars greatly improves the chances of their adoption by the growers. The purpose of this fact sheet is to provide basic information (Table 1) and yield and disease information (Table 2) about CPCL 97-2730 and CPCL 00-4111 to assist growers in decision making on further expansion of these cultivars.

Registration of ‘CP 06‐2042’ Sugarcane

‘CP 06‐2042’ (Reg. No. CV‐169, PI 675156) sugarcane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp.) was developed through cooperative research conducted by the USDA‐ARS, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugarcane League and released to growers for organic (muck) and mineral (sand) soils in Florida in September 2014. CP 06‐2042 was selected from a cross of ‘CP 96‐1252’ × 01 P 04 made at Canal Point, FL, in December 2001. The female parent, CP 96‐1252, is a commercial cultivar. The male parent is unknown, as it is one of 19 sugarcane cultivars in the polycross. Cane yield of CP 06‐2042 on muck soils, averaged across 18 harvests through three crop cycles (plant cane, first ratoon, and second ratoon), was 26.1% higher (P < 0.1) than that of ‘CP 89‐2143’, a commercial check for muck soils. Although CP 06‐2042 had 1.8% lower commercial recoverable sucrose than CP 89‐2143, high cane yield resulted in 22.8% higher (P < 0.1) sucrose yield than CP 89‐2143. Averaged across nine harvests through three crop cycles on sand soils, CP 06‐2042 had 12.1% (P < 0.1) higher cane yield, 2.9% higher commercial recoverable sucrose, and 13.1% (P < 0.1) higher sucrose yield than ‘CP 78‐1628’, a commercial check for sand soils. CP 06‐2042 was released because of its high cane and sucrose yields on both muck and sand soils and its acceptable levels of resistance to brown rust, leaf scald, Sugarcane mosaic virus strain E (mosaic), and ratoon stunt. CP 06‐2042 is susceptible to orange rust and has poor freeze tolerance.

Registration of ‘CP 08‐1110’ Sugarcane

‘CP 08‐1110’ (Reg. No. CV‐171, PI 678579) sugarcane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp.) was developed through cooperative research conducted by the USDA‐ARS, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugar Cane League and was released to growers for use on mineral (sand) soils in Florida in June 2015. CP 08‐1110 was selected from a biparental cross made at Canal Point, FL, on 20 Dec. 2006 with the Canal Point sugarcane breeding lines CP 01‐2459 (female parent) and CP 00‐2188 (male parent). CP 08‐1110 was released by the Florida sugarcane variety committee because of its high cane and sucrose yields and acceptable commercial recoverable sucrose on sand soils, and because of its acceptable levels of resistance to brown rust (caused by Puccinia melanocephala H. & P. Sydow), orange rust (caused by Puccinia kuehnii E.J. Butler), leaf scald (caused by Xanthomonas albilineans Ashby, Dowson), Sugarcane mosaic virus strain E, ratoon stunt (caused by Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli Evtsuhenko et al.), and smut [caused by Sporisorium scitamineum (Syd.) M. Piepenbring et al.]. Given the results of nine harvests with three crops (plant cane, first ratoon, and second ratoon) at three locations in final‐stage replicated yield trials on sand soils, and compared with two reference cultivars (CP 89‐2143 and CL 88‐4730), CP 08‐1110 had 24.9 and 30.4% higher cane yield and 18.5 and 29.0% higher sucrose yield, respectively (P < 0.05). CP 08‐1110 ranked 16th (plant cane) to 19th (first ratoon) for freeze tolerance among 22 genotypes in field tests for temporal sucrose deterioration.

Sugarcane Cultivars Descriptive Fact Sheet: CP 96-1252, CP 01-1372 and CP 00-1101

Sugarcane cultivars CP 96-1252, CP 01-1372 and CP 00-1101 are the top three commercial sugarcane cultivars in Florida occupying >43% of total sugarcane area (400,551 acres) (VanWeelden et al. 2016). These cultivars are developed through the cooperative agreement between the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Canal Point, the university of Florida, Everglades Research and Education Center, Belle Glade and Florida Sugar Cane League. The purpose of this fact sheet is to provide information on these cultivars regarding their parentage, flowering, cold tolerance, yields, disease response, and any major issues with their growth or yield.